初中英语宾语从句讲解、练习与答案

初中英语宾语从句讲解、练习与答案

宾语从句一、考点、热点回顾（一）宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.（二）宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.（三）宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。如：Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.二、典型例题【中考链接】7\n1.YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme________?A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyitC.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit2.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_____IcangettotheSpaceMuseum?--Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.A.whereB.howC.ifD.why3.—Doyouknow________thenewmobilephonelastweek?--Maybe900yuan.I’mnotquitesure.A.howmuchshepaidforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayfor4.MichaelJordanhasfailedoverandoveragaininhislife.Andthat’s____hesucceeds.A.whatB.whenC.whyD.where5.AliceinWonderlandisafantasticmovie.It’sabout______.A.howdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterror（恐怖统治）B.whatdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterrorC.howAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterrorD.whatAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterror6.—Doyouknow________thegirlinredis?—I’mnotsure.Maybeateacher.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what7.—Whatdidyourparentsthankaboutyourdecision?--Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.A.whenB.thatC.howD.what8.Iwanttoknow________.A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairportC.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat9.--Wouldyoupleasetellme__________?--At10:00thisevening.A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleave10.—Couldyoutellme________?--FillinthisformandIwillgiveyouacard.A.howIcanmeetCathyB.whereIcanmeetCathyC.whenIcanmeetCathy11.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how12.-Tommy,doyouknowifFrank________tothezoothisSundayifit________?-Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.willgo;isfineB.goes;isfineC.willgo;isgoingtobefineD.goes;willbefine13.Noonecanbesure_________inamillionyears.A.whatmanlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklikeC.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike14.Suetoldmethatshe_________shoppingwithhersisterthenextday.A.willgoB.wouldgoC.goesD.hasgone7\n15.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow.Iwonder_________.A.howmuchitcostB.howmuchdiditcostC.howmuchitcostsD.howmuchdoesitcost16.-Whendoyouthink_________?-Abouthalfpastfive.Iwillpickhimupattheairport.A.hewillcomeB.willhecomeC.didhecomeD.hecame17.Ourteachertoldusthesun________intheeast.A.riseB.roseC.risingD.rises18.--Listen! It is still noisyin thehead teacher’soffice.-Go and see________theyhavefinished correcting thepapersyet.A.though B.whetherC.unless D.while19.-WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?-Sorry.Idon’tknow________.A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroadC.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad20.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how一、习题练习1.Doyouknow_______duringthecomingsummerholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid2.Iwanttoknow_________.A.whatishisnameB.what’shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis3.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which4.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.A.whichisthewaytothemuseumB.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshoppingC.whatisthewaytothemuseumD.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping5.---Couldyoutellme______sheislookingfor?A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which6.Mr.Kingdidn’tknow_______yesterdayevening.A.whendoeshissoncomehomeB.whenhissoncomeshomeC.whendidhissoncomehomeD.whenhissoncamehome7.Couldyoutellme_______thebikethismorning?A.howdoeshemendB.howhemendsC.howhemendedD.howdidhemend8.---I’mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow________itwillarrive?---Usuallyitcomesby4:00.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what9.---Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme________?---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It’snexttoahospital.A.howwecangettothepostofficeB.howcanwegettothepostofficeC.howgettothepostofficeD.howcouldwegettothepost7\noffice10.---CanIhelpyou?---Yes.I’dlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellme______taketogetthere?A.howsoonwillitB.howsoonitwillC.howlongitwillD.howlongwillit11.Hewantedtoknow___________.A.whetherhespeaksatthemeetingB.whenthemeetingwouldstartC.whathe’sgoingtodoatthemeetingD.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld12.---Couldyoutellme_________theBambooGarden?---Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.A.whenwillyouvisitB.whenyouwillvisitC.whenwouldyouvisitD.whenyouwouldvisit13.Wouldyoupleasetellme_________next,MrWang?A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhatC.whatweshoulddoD.shouldwedowhat14.Youcan’timagine_________whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited15.Iwanttoknow________youwillcomebackat8:00tomorrow.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.whether16.---Couldyoutellme____________?---Sorry,Idon’tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.A.whatdoeshesayatthemeetingB.whatdidhesayatthemeetingC.whathesaysatthemeetingD.whathesaidatthemeeting17.---Couldyoutellme_________lastnight?---Er,IwaswatchingEuro2004athome.A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoingC.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoing18.Theteacheraskedthestudents__________.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinbornC.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted19.Everymorningthepatientsareaskedif________theirtemperaturetaken.A.theyhadhadB.havetheyhadC.theyhavehadD.hadtheyhad20.It’suptoyoutodecide_______you’llgothere,byairorbyroad.A.howB.whyC.thatD.when21.Heaskedme________wecouldgotoBeijingtowatchthegamebyplane.A.thatB.ifC.howD.what22.-Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________?-Yes.Thereisavideoshopnexttothetallbuilding.A.wherecanIbuysomeCDsB.whereIcanbuysomeCDsC.whencanIbuysomeCDsD.whenIcanbuysomeCDs23.Idon’tknowifmyuncle________.Ifhe________,Iwillbeveryhappy.A.comes;willcomeB.willcome;willcomeC.comes;comesD.willcome;comes24.Myphysicsteachersaidthatlight________fasterthansound.A.travelB.travelsC.traveled25.Youaregrowingsofast.Canyoutellme________now?A.howfastareyouB.howfastyouareC.howtallareyouD.howtallyouare7\n26.-Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?-Certainly.Gostraightaheadandyou’llseeitonyourleft.A.wherethepostofficeisB.whenyouwillvisitthemuseumC.whereisthepostofficeD.whenwillyouvisitthemuseum27.Iwantedtoknow________,butnoonewouldliketotellme.A.whatdidtheoldmansayB.whattheoldmanneedC.whatdidtheoldmanwantD.whattheoldmanmeant28.-Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________?-Yes.ThereisavideoshoponRiverRoad.A.wherecanIbuysomeCDsB.whereIcanbuysomeCDsC.whencanIbuysomeCDsD.whenIcanbuysomeCDs29.-Doyouthink________aconcertinourschoolhallthisweekend?-Yes,therewill.A.therewillhaveB.therewillbeC.willtherebeD.willtherehave30.-Couldyoupleasetellme________?-It’snexttothehotel.A.whereisthemuseumB.themuseumiswhereC.wherethemuseumis31.-Doyouknow________forShanghailastnight?-At9:00A.whattimeheleavesB.whattimedoesheleaveC.whattimeheleftD.whattimedidheleave32.-Doyouknow________lastnight?-Sorry,Idon’tknow.ButIthinkheshouldgotobedearlybecausehewillhaveanEnglishexamthisafternoon.A.whenhegoestobedB.whenhewenttobedC.whendidhegotobed33.-Wedon’tknow________.-ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.A.whatheisB.wherehewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere二.根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1.李明说他对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。LiMingsays______________interestedinplayingcomputergames.2.我认为玛丽不回来了。Idon’tthinkMary____________.3.山姆给我说他准备去上海。Samtoldmethathe______________forShanghai.4.请你告诉我去钟楼怎麽走吗？Couldyoutellme_______IcangettotheBellTower?5.父亲说他买了一台新电脑。Fathersaidthathe________________anewcomputer..6.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。Iwanttoknow_________thereisatraintoBeijing.7.你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？7\nDoyouknow_____________adoubleroom______?8.请你告诉我我们外出多长时间好吗？Couldyoutellme____________we’regoingtobeaway?9.叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。Unclesaidthathe_____________anewnovel.10.杰克说他有重要事情要做。Jacksaidhe_______somethingimportanttodo.答案：典型例题：71【解析】选C2【解析】选B3【解析】选A4【解析】选C5【解析】选C6【解析】选D7【解析】选D8【解析】选A9【解析】选B10【解析】选A711【解析】选B12【解析】选A。结合题意“汤姆，如果天气好的话，你知道弗兰克这个星期六将去动物园吗？”可知第一个空是宾语从句，要用一般将来时，第二个空是条件状语从句，要用一般现在时，故排除B、C、D三项，选A。13【解析】选D。从语序方面先排除B，另结合时间状语inamillionyears可知要用一般将来时，14【解析】选B。结合主句中的told和从句中的thenextday可知要用过去将来时，故排除A、C、D三项15【解析】选C16【解析】选A。问句是带有插入语doyouthink的宾语从句，要用陈述语序，先排除B、C二项；另结合答句中的willpickhimup可知要用一般将来时，故舍D选A。17【解析】选D。从句中所说“太阳从东边升起”是客观事实，所以不管主句用什么时态，从句总是用一般现在时，故正确答案为D.18【解析】选B。考查whether引导的宾语从句。结合题意“去看看他们是否已改完了试卷”19【解析】选D20【解析】选B。四个选项都可以引导宾语从句，结合答语“Maybeareporter.”可知问句是在询问人的职业，故正确答案为B。题意为“你知道那个戴眼镜的男人是做什么的吗？”。习题练习一.1.C2.D3.B4.B5.C6.D7.C8.C9.A10.C11.B12.B13.C14.B15.D16.D17.A18.A19.C20.A21【解析】选B。考查if引导的宾语从句。结合题意“他问我我们是否能乘飞机去北京看比赛”22【解析】选B。从语序方面先排除A、C二项；另结合答语“Thereisavideoshopnexttothetallbuilding.”23【解析】选D24【解析】选B。“光传播的速度比声音快”是客观事实，故用一般现在时，light是第三人称单数形式25【解析】选D26【解析】选A。宾语从句必须用陈述句语序，故排除C、D二项；由答语“Gostraightaheadandyou’llseeitonyourleft.”可选A。27【解析】选D。由语序先排除A、C二项，主句是一般过去时，从句应为相应的过去某个时态，排除B。28【解析】选B。在宾语从句中，从句要用陈述语序。分析比较四个选项可先排除A、C；另结合答语“ThereisavideoshoponRiverRoad.”可舍D选B。29【解析】选B。在宾语从句中，从句要用陈述语序，先排除C、D；另therebe的将来时为therewillbe，30【解析】选C31【解析】选C。由lastnight可知本题要用一般过去时，先排除A、B；另结合宾语从句的陈述语序32【解析】选B。由语序先排除C，另结合时间状语lastnight可舍A选B。33【解析】选B二.1.heis2.willcome3.wasleaving4.how5.hadbought6.if(whether)7.howmuch8.howlong9.waswriting10.had1-15选DCDDB【解析】选DCCBC【解析】选CC。考查how引导的感叹句。修饰形容词时要用how，先排除A；另D选项中picture是可数名词，其前要加不定冠词a，也要排除；结合关键信息“It’sthenicestoneI’veeverseen!”可舍B选C。【解析】选C7\n【解析】选D。考查what引导的感叹句。判断感叹句的引导词时，如果主语前有名词就用what；反之，如果主语前没有名词就用how。修饰名词news要用what，先排除A、C二项；另因为news是不可数是名词，所以不能用不定冠词an，故舍D选B。【解析】选D【解析】选A【解析】选C。考查how引导的感叹句。修饰形容词时要用how，先排除A；另D选项中picture是可数名词，其前要加不定冠词a，也要排除；结合关键信息“It’sthenicestoneI’veeverseen!”可舍B选C。【解析】选C【解析】选A【解析】选C。考查how引导的感叹句。因为主语she前面没有名词，先排除A、B二项；另结合关键词excited可舍D选C。【解析】选B【解析】选D【解析】选C。考查what引导的感叹句。progress是不可数名词，其前不能用a修饰。【解析】选C。考查how引导的感叹句。how修饰形容词dangerous。【解析】选A。考查what引导的感叹句。“books”是复数名词，因此可以断定本题应该选用A。【解析】选B。考查what引导的感叹句。由关键词movie可排除C、D；因为movie是可数名词的单数形式，故舍A选B。答案：1-5AAAAA6-10ADCBC11-15AAABB16-20ACCDA21-25ADBDA26-32BCCACAD7