牛津高中英语模块3

牛津高中英语模块3

牛津高中英语模块三牛津高中英语模块三语言点Unit1Theworldofoursenses一、Reading1.(Page2,Line7)Onceoutinthestreet,shewalked……如果从句和主句的主语一致，或者从句的主语为it，同时从句中含有be的适当形式，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，留下分词、介词短语等成分作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、让步、伴随状态等含义。从句前可以加上适当的连词，使从句的含义更加明确。①Once（itis）seen，itwillbeneverforgotten.②When(youare)inthestreet,you’dbetterbecareful.③While(youare)reading,underlinethekeywords.2.this:adv.这么thatmuch:那么多that:adv.那么Heisn’tthis/thattall.3.observe:vt.(1)观察，注意到(2)遵守(3)庆祝observer:n.目击者，观察者，观测员，观察员①Sheobservedthatthepondwasdryingup.②observethespeedlimit.③observetheChristmasDay.④TheUNsentateamofobserverstothepeacetalks.4.glanceatsth:瞥一眼，匆匆看，扫视atfirstglance:乍一看①Heglancedatnervouslyathiswatch.②Atfirstglance,thepalaceseemeddeserted.5.stareatsth:盯着，凝视glareatsth:怒目而视，瞪着①Hestaredatthediamondwithgreatamazement.②Tomdidn’tshout.Hejustglaredatmesilently.6.nowhere:adv.无处，到处都不n.[U]无处benowheretobeseen/found/heard:哪儿也见∕找∕听不到nowhereelse:没有别的地方getnowhere:没有结果∕进展①Suchcaseisnowheretobefound.②Ihavenowhereelsetogo.③It’sagoodideabutitwillgetnowherewithoutmorefinancialsupport.④Nowhereelsecanyoufindamorebeautifulview.7.narrow:adj.窄的，狭隘的；勉强的；精确的vt.&vi.(使)变窄，缩小◆◆narrowly:adv.勉强地；严密地，仔细地①Hehasanarrowmind.他度量很小。②anarrowescapefromdeath:九死一生③Whatdoesthewordmeaninitsnarrowestsense?④Inordertowidentheroadhehadtonarrowthepavement.⑤Theroadnarrowshere.⑥Henarrowlyescapeddrowning.11\n牛津高中英语模块三⑦Observesomeonenarrowly.8.approach:(1)vt.&vi.靠近，接近；对付，处理①Thetimeisapproachingwhenwethinkaboutbuyinganewhouse.②FewwritersevenbegintoapproachShakespeare’sgreatness.莎士比亚的伟大，鲜有作家能望其项背。③approachthepuzzle.(2)n.①靠近②方法；通道，入口Withtheapproachofsth:随着……的临近theapproachtosth:……的方法∕通道①Withtheapproachofspring,everythingcomealive.②Theapproachtothetown/problemhasbeenabandoned.9.hold:vt.使……处于某种状态holdsb+adj/advholdsbstill:使……一动不动canyouholdthedooropenforme?10.“Ah,twenty!Aniceagetobe.”  “啊！二十岁！多好的年龄啊。Aniceagetobe.是个省略句，如果补充完整则是：Twentyisaniceagetobe.又如下面的省略句：   Youwillhavenodifficultyfindinghisaddress;heiswellknowninthisarea.   你要想找到他的住址并不难，他在这一片很有名气。   表示这一意义时，英语常用“have(some,any,much,alittle)difficulty(in)doingsth.”或“thereis(some,much,alittle)difficulty(in)doingsth.”,这两个句型中的“difficulty”用作不可数名词，介词in可省略。   【例】Wereadthem__________；werememberthem_____________.   A.asyoung；asold    B.asyounger；asolder   C.whenyounger；whenolder     D.whenyoung；whenolder   【答案】Cwhen后是weareyoung(old)的省略结构。11.cometoone’said:帮助……firstaid:急救Thankyouforcomingtomyaidintimeofemergency.12.payback:vt.偿还，回报13.dark与darkness的区别(1)两者都可以表示“黑暗”，都是不可数名词。dark前通常用定冠词，darkness前不用冠词。如：Darknesswasfallingfast.黑暗很快来临。Childrenareusuallyafraidofthedark.小孩通常都害怕黑暗。(2)表示“在黑暗中”，用inthedark或inthedarkness均可。如：Catscanseeinthedark(ness).猫在黑暗中能够看见。Thelightwentoutandleftusinthedark(ness).灯熄了，我们面前一片漆黑。　　　◆◆beinthedarkaboutsth:对……一无所知∕被蒙在鼓里。如：Wearestillinthedarkaboutthecauseofthefire.(3)dark还可以表示“黄昏”、“傍晚”、“黑夜”等，此时不用darkness。注意此时dark前不用冠词。atdark:在黄昏时beforedark:天黑前afterdark:天黑后Theyturnedonthelightatdark.他们在黄昏时开灯。Trytogethomebeforedark.尽量在天黑以前回家。I’mafraidtogooutafterdarkinthecity.在城里我害怕天黑后出门。14.lie(lay,lain):v.处于……状态lie+adj/介词短语11\n牛津高中英语模块三lieopen:打开着lieempty:空着lieinruins:　成为废墟①Thebooklayopenonthetable.②Thetownnowliesinruins.二、Grammar1.makesense:讲得通，有意义Makesenseofsth:理解……①Whatyousaymakesnosense.②Canyoumakesenseofthispoem?2.makeone’swaybacktosth:返回……FinallyImademybacktowhereIoncelived.3.strugglethroughsth:挣扎着通过……；奋力通过……Hetriedhisbesttostrugglethroughthewoods.4.from+介词短语:从……地方frombehindthedoor:从门后fromunderthetable:从桌子底下5.sweatwithfear:吓得出（冷）汗Hesweatedwithfearwhenseeingasnakelyingbeforehim.6.allofasudden:suddenly突然地Lifeseemedallofasuddenemptyandmeaningless.生活突然显得一片空虚,毫无意义.7.ringout:vi.清晰可闻；发出清脆的声音Anumberofshotsrangout.这时听见几声清脆的响声。三、Task1.attach:vt.系，绑，附attachsthtosth:把……系∕绑∕附在…..上beattachedtosth:(1)被系∕绑∕附在…..上；(2)喜欢，依恋；(3)附属于attachimportancetosth:重视……attachoneselftosth:参加，依附①Attacharecentphotototheapplicationform.②It’seasytobeattachedtothechildrenyouworkwith.③Thishospitalisattachedtothemedicalcollegenearby.④Onthecontrary,theyattachimportancetoeducationandconstantlearningandthinking.⑤Heattachedhimselftotheexpedition.他参加了那个探险队。2.hesitate:vi.犹豫，迟疑不决hesitateaboutdoingsth:对……犹豫hesitatetodosth:做……犹豫hesitation:n.犹豫withouthesitation:毫不犹豫①Hestillhesitatedaboutwhethertojointheclub.②Don’thesitatetotellusifyouhaveaproblem.③Sheaskedhetositbesideherwithouthesitation.3.biteintosth:咬进，陷入，砍入Whenyoubiteintoanapple,savorthesweettasteandenjoythedeliciousjuicycrunch.当你咬下苹果,务要品尝那香甜的滋味,享受那多汁可口的爽脆.11\n牛津高中英语模块三四、Project1.contrary:n.相反的事实或情况adj.相反的onthecontrary:正相反，恰恰相反becontrarytosth:与……相反①Itwasnotagoodthing;onthecontrary,itwasahugemistake.②Contrarytomyexpectation,hedidn’twinthecompetition.③Hisviewsarecontrarytomine.2.mistakesthforsth:把……误认为……Imistakethepoorwomanformysister.3.panic:n.惊慌vt.&vi.(panicked，panicked)（使）恐慌，惊慌失措getintoapanic:陷入惊慌之中inapanic:惊慌地①Shegotintoarealpanicwhenshethoughtshehadlostthetickets.②ShoppersfledthestreetinpanicaftertwobombsexplodedincentralLondon.4.likely:adj.可能的belikelytodosth:可能做……Itislikelythat:可能……①Sheisverylikelytocallmetoday.②It’slikelythatTomwillsurvivethedisaster.③thelikelyresult.5.watchforsth:盼望∕期待……Theyarewatchingforfurtherdevelopments.6.reachintosth:把手伸入……Paulreachedintohispockettogethiscelephone.7.reachout:vt.&vi.⑴（使）伸出；伸手；⑵延伸；⑶伸出援手；⑷沟通，交流reachoutforsth:伸手拿……reachouttosb:和某人交流；伸手帮助……①Ireachedoutahandandcaughttheball.我伸手抓住了球。②TaoZireachesouttoscratchhernose.陶子伸出手去抓鼻子上的痒痒。③Happinessisachoice.Reachoutforitatthemomentitappears.幸福是一种选择,一旦出现,你就伸手去抓住她吧!④Atreereachesoutitsbranchestowardsthelight.树枝向阳光处伸展。⑤Reachout,beauteousTurkey,givemeyourhand,mybelovedhomeland!伸出你的手吧，美丽的土耳其，握住我的手吧，亲爱的祖国!⑥Wemustreachouttothoseinneed.我们应该帮助那些需要帮助的人。⑦Modernpoliticianstrytoreachouttoordinarypeopleintheirbroadcastspeeches.现代的政客们企图在广播演讲中与普通民众进行沟通。8.loose:adj.松动的，松开的；宽松的，松散的；自由的vt.松开，释放comeloose:变松getloose/free:获得自由let/setsbloose:释放……①alooseovercoat/organization.②Don’tletyourdoglooseifthereareanysheeparound.11\n牛津高中英语模块三9.overalongdistance:经过长距离overalongtime:经过长时间10.employ:vt.使用，雇佣employer:雇主employee:雇员11.Don’tbefrightenedbysharksasthereis30timesgreaterchanceofbeinghitbylighteningthanbeingattackedbyashark.   不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为人类被闪电击中的几率要比被鲨鱼攻击的几率大30倍。   句中30times修饰greaterchance，意思是“30倍”。英语中表示程度的状语一般位于比较等级的前面。倍数的表达可用下面四个句型。   ⑴A+be+倍数+as+形容词+as+B   AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.   亚洲有欧洲四倍那么大。   ⑵A+be+倍数+比较级+than+B   AsiaisthreetimeslargerthanEurope.   亚洲比欧洲大三倍。   ⑶A+be+倍数+thesize/length/height/depth/width+of+B   AsiaisfourtimesthesizeofEurope.   亚洲面积是欧洲的四倍大。   ⑷Thesize/length/height/depth/width+of+A+be+倍数+thatofB.   ThesizeofAsiaisfourtimesthatofEurope.   亚洲的面积是欧洲面积的四倍。   【注意】要注意用time表示倍数,一般只限于表示包括基数在内的三倍或三倍以上;若表示两倍可用副词twice或形容词double。例如:   Thestreetistwicethelengthofthatone.   这条街是那条街的二倍长。   Tenisdoublefive.   十是五的二倍。Unit2Language一、Reading1.bemadeupofsth:consistofsth:由……组成becomposedofsth:①Waterismadeupofhydrogenandoxygen.②Agroupconsistingof15boysand10boys.2.occupy:vt.(1)占有，居住(2)占领，占据(3)占用（时间、空间等）(4)使忙碌beoccupiedindoingsth/withsth:忙于……①TheJacksonfamilyhaveoccupiedtheapartmentforoneyear.②Thetroopshaveoccupiedthecityfor8months.③Socceroccupiesmostofmypleasuretime.④Helenwasfullyoccupiedwithbusinessmatters,sowedidn’twanttobotherher.3.aside:adv.(1)在一边，向一边(2)留着put/setsthaside:(1)把……放在一边(2)留存asidefromsth:除……以外（=besides/except）①Standasideandletthesepeoplepass.②Setasidesomemoneyforyourretirement.③Asidefromtheproblem,thedaywasperfect.4.nameaftersth:以……命名TheclasswasnamedafterLeiFengin1989.5.playapart/roleinsth:在……中扮演角色∕发挥作用Wehaverealizedtherolethatoilplaysintheeconomy.6.contribute(sth)tosb:捐献（……）给…..；为…..做贡献；给……投稿；导致makeacontributiontosth:为…..做贡献11\n牛津高中英语模块三①Wecontributed100,000yuantotherefugees.②Herworkhasgreatlycontributedtoourunderstandingofthisdifficultproject.③Shehascontributed(severalpoems)totheliteraturemagazines.④Manyfactorsledtohisdownfall(倒台).⑤Thesigningofthistreatywillmakeamagnificentcontributiontoworldpeace.7.English-speakingcountries:说英语的国家spokenEnglish:英语口语writtenEnglish:书面英语8.leadtosth:导致……contributetosth:resultinsth:causesth:9.raise:vt.⑴举起，抬起raiseyourhand⑵提高，增加raisethewage/raiseone’svoice⑶饲养，种植raisecows/trees⑷筹集raisemoneyfortheHopeProject⑸提出raiseaquestion10.……whichledtoOldEnglishreplacingCeltic.(Page23,Line29)动名词的复合结构：物主代词∕名词所有格+doing该结构可以作句子的主语、宾语。作宾语时，物主代词可以用宾格形式，名词所有格可以省略’s。例如：(1)My/XiaoMing’scominglatemademeveryangry.(2)Idon’tmindhis/himsmokinghere.(3)Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto____________.(上海2003)A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught【解析】答案为C。动名词的复合结构作宾语，thethief后省略了’s。二、Wordpower1.setastandardforsth:为……制定标准Thestatementsetastrictstandardfortheproductionofthemachine.2.ban:(1)vt.(banned;banning)禁止，取缔bansbfromdoingsth:forbidsbfromdoingsth:禁止某人做……forbidsbtodosth:①Johnhasbeenbannedfromdrivingforayear.②Thegovernmenthasbannedtheuseofchemicalweapons.③bannedfilms:禁放电影(2)n.禁止，禁令Thepresidentsupportsaglobalbanonnuclearweapons.3.concern:(1)n.㈠关心，担心，忧虑show/haveconcernfor/about/oversth:担心……beofconcerntosb:是……担心∕忧虑的①Heshowedmuchconcernfor/about/overhersafety.②Theriseinunemploymentrateisofgreatconcerntothegovernment.㈡重要或感兴趣的事[C]Whatareyourmainconcernsasagolfplayer?11\n牛津高中英语模块三(2)vt.㈠涉及，关于，对......有影响①Don’tinterfereinwhatdoesn’tconcernyou.②abookconcerningChinesehistory.㈡使忧虑，烦恼Ourlossesarebeginningtoconcernme.㈢忙于，关心concernoneselfwith/aboutsth:忙于∕关心……Thereisnoneedtoconcernyourselfwiththismatter.Wearedealingwithit.(3)相关搭配beconcernedabout/forsth:担心……beconcernedwithsth:与……相关asfarassbbeconcerned:就……而言①Iwasveryconcernedabouthisperformanceintheexam.②ThisstoryisconcernedwithaRussianfamily.③AsfarasI’mconcerned,goodhealthismoreimportantthatmoney.三、Task1.access:(1)vt.进入；使用；获取（资料）Wecanaccessthedatainthecomputer.(2)n.通道；（使用接近的）机会或权利theaccesstosth:……的通道；……的机会或权利haveaccesstosth:有权接近∕使用……①Theonlyaccesstothevillageistothroughtheforest.②Thepublicdon’thaveaccesstothedocuments.◆◆sthbeaccessibletosb:……某人可以得到∕接近∕使用Theseimportantbooksareonlyaccessibletothosewhohavemuchexperience.2.conclusion:n.(1)结束，结尾Attheconclusionofhisspeech,theprofessorputforwardanewidea.(2)结论draw/reach/cometo/arriveataconclusion:得出结论jumptoconclusion:草率下结论inconclusion:总之①Whatconclusionscanyoudrawfromtheevidenceyouhavehear?②Wehavealongwaytofinishthetask,sodon’tjumptoconclusion.③Inconclusion,I’dliketosayallofyouhavedoneagoodjob.四、Project1.differfromsth:不同于……Inthisrespect,FrenchdiffersfromBritain.2.inthat:因为Thissituationiscomplicatedinthatwehavetwogeneralmanagers.3.hunt:vt.&vi.打猎，猎杀；搜寻huntforsth:(=lookfor)寻找jobhunting:求职4.combine:vt.&vi.组合，联合，结合combinesthwithsth①Thesoftwarepackagecombinepowerand/withflexibility.②It’snoeasytasktocombinefamilyresponsibilityandafull-timejob.区分开……与……5.distinguishsthfromsth:distinguishbetweensthandsth:11\n牛津高中英语模块三Wecan’tdistinguishthecausefromtheeffect.6.convenient:adj.方便的，便利的It’sconvenientforsbtodosth:某人做……方便Ifitisconvenienttoyou:如果你方便的话①It’sconvenientformetousethemachinewiththesoftware.②Comehereifitisconvenienttoyou.Unit3Backtothepast一、Reading1.不定式及其变化形式：一般式：todo被动式：tobedone（即将）被…..完成式：tohavedone已经……完成被动式：tohavebeendone已经被……进行式：tobedoing正在…..完成进行式：tohavebeendoing一直在……①Iwantedthelettertobetypedatonce.②Sheseemedtohavereadthebookbefore.③HepretendedtobereadingabookwhenIcamein.④Iamsorrytohavebeeninterruptingyou.⑤Thenovelissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.2.进行时表示将来，表示按照计划即将发生的动作，多与表示移动的动词come，go，arrive，leave，fly，start等连用。①HeisleavingforLondon.他就要启程去伦敦。②Christmasisdrawingnear.圣诞节快到了。3.takeoversth:接管，接收；控制Thelargecompanyhastakenovermanysmallones.4.pour:(1)vt.灌，注，倒poursth+介词+sthpourmoneyintosth:对……提供资金pouroldwaterover/onsth:对……泼冷水①Hepouredsomewaterintotheglass.②Youmightaswellpourtheoildownthepipe.(2)vi.涌进∕涌出；雨倾盆而下①Thesmokewaspouringoutofthechimney.②Shewatchedtherainpouringdownthewindows.5.beburiedalive:被活埋buryoneselfinsth:埋头于∕专心于……Sinceheleft,hehasburiedhimselfinhisbooks.6.as+主+be:按照某人…..样子①Ilikethehousebetterasitis.②Statethefactsastheywere.7.decoratesthwithsth:用……装修∕装饰∕美化……Thehousewasdecoratedwithvariouspaintsandcolours.8.breakdown:(1)vi.出故障；崩溃；瓦解；垮掉①Thetelephonesystemhasbrokendown.②Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshavebrokendown.11\n牛津高中英语模块三③Herhealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork.(2)vt.破坏；分解；分成①Firemenhadtobreakdownthedoortoreachthepeopletrappedinside.②Sugarandotherchemicalsarebrokendowninthestomach.③Webrokedownthebooksinto5kinds.9.breakup:(1)vi.解散；破碎；破裂；绝交breakwithsb:与……绝交①Themeetingbrokeupat7o’clock.②Therockbrokeupontherocks.③Theirmarriageisbreakingup.④Shehasjustbrokenupwithherboyfriend.(2)vt.打碎；拆散；结束，关闭；划分breaksthupintosth:把…….分成……①Jimstartedtobreaktheiceuponthefrozenlake.②Theshipwasbrokenupforscrapmetal.船被拆成废铁。③Theydecidedtobreakuptheirpartnership.他们决定拆伙。④Sentencescanbebrokenintoclauses.10.ruin:vt.破坏，毁灭n.废墟，毁坏be/lieinruins:破败不堪，垮掉◆◆destroy、ruin、damage的区别⑴destroy：指彻底的、难以修复的“破坏”、“损坏”；也指名誉、计划、努力等受到损坏。Thatwilldestroythereputationofourproducts.⑵ruin:破坏，（彻底）毁灭。多用于借喻中，表示希望∕前程的破灭、健康遭到毁坏等。Thenewsmeanstheruinofallourhopes.Heruinedhisprospects(前途)bycarelessness.Thestormruinedthecrops.⑶damage:伤害，损害(对于价值和功能的部分性破坏)Smokingwilldamageyourhealth.【例题】Theflooding_______thebridge,wecan’twalkacrossitforever.A.destroyedB.damageC.harmedD.hurt答案为A。二、WordPower1.putoutsth:扑灭；发布，出版；生产①putoutthefire.②Policehaveputoutadescriptionofthemantheywantedtoquestion.③Theplantputsout500newcarsaweek.2.takesthforexample/asanexample:以……为例Let'stakethemetalremovalrateforexample.让我们以金属切削速率为例.遍布全世界3.throughouttheworldallovertheworld4.brushsthaway:刷掉，拂去Pleasebrushawaythedirtonmytrousers.三、Grammar1.agreewithsth:与…..一致；相符合11\n牛津高中英语模块三Youraccountofthefairdoesn’tagreewithmine.2.drivesbaway:使……发疯Yourwordsnearlydrovemeaway.3.ingood/badcondition:状况好∕差4.cometosth:达到……情况∕状态（通常指坏的情况）①Whatistheworldcomingto?这是怎么回事？②Thingshavecometosuchastatementinthecompanythathe’sthinkingofresigning.③Idon’tknowwhattheworldhascometo.5.thesolutiontosth:……的解决办法Therearenosimplesolutionstotheproblemofoverpopulation.四、Task1.atsea:在海上2.declare:vt.正式宣布；表明；宣称declarethat::declaresb(tobe)+n/adj:宣布……为……declaresthopen/closed:宣布…..开幕∕闭幕declarewaron/againstsb:对……宣战①Thedoctorfinallydeclaredthatthepatientwasrescued.②Hewasdeclared(tobe)innocent.③Ideclarethemeetingclosed.④ChinadeclaredwaragainstVietnamin1979.3.declaration:n.宣言，公告，重要声明Aceasefiredeclaration:停火声明4.declare和announce的区别(1)declare指正式郑重、庄严地宣布、声明。(2)announce含义为“宣布，宣告，预告，告知”。它指宣布人们关心或原来不知道的事，带有预告意味；而且往往是第一次当众宣布，或以非口头方式宣布。搭配有：announcesth/that。例如：①Weregrettedtoannouncehisfailure.②IthasbeenannouncedthattherewillbeacelebrationonSunday.五、Project1.riseupagainststh:起义反抗……Peopleroseupagainsttheinvaders(侵略者).2.takesthback:收回；退回；使回想起①Itookbackmywords.②Takebacktheshirtifitdoesn’tsuityou.③Seeingtheoldphotosreallytookmebacktomychildhood.3.standinone’spath/way:妨碍，阻拦Heisquiteoptimisticandinsistsoncarryingouttheplan,soyou’dbetternotstandinhispath.4.turnone’seyeseast:把目光转向东方5.march:vi.&n.前进；行军；游行示威theLongMarch:长征onthemarch:行军中，进行中goonamarch:游行示威①Demonstratorsmarchedthroughthestreet.示威者在街道中行进。②Theenemywereonthemarchatlast.11\n牛津高中英语模块三③Thearmyhasmarched30milestoday.6.aheadofsth:在……前面goahead:进行吧，干吧aheadoftime:提前---CanIhavethestorybook?---Yeah,goahead.Ihavereadit.7.comedownwithsth:染上∕患……病IthinkIamgoingtocomedownwithacold.8.thinkofsbassth:认为……是……IhavealwaysthoughtofPeterasagreatscholar.9.(1)challengesbtodosth:激励某人做……；向某人挑战做……①Thedifficultproblemchallengedmetofindasolution.②Hechallengedmetoplaychess.(2)challengesbtosth:向某人挑战……Afterlunchhechallengedmetoagameoftennis.10.beawarethat/ofsth:意识到……makesbawareofsth:使某人意识到……①Iwasawarethatshewasright.②Hissuccessmademeawareofmyshortcomings.11.awareness:n.意识，认识raiseone’sawarenessofsth:提高某人……的意识①Thereisageneralawarenessthatsmokingisharmful.②Thedamagethatthetyphoonscausedhasraisedpeople’sawarenessofbuildingfirmfundamentalfacilities.12.haveenoughofsth:受够了……；对……感到厌烦Ihavehadenoughofyourrecentbehaviors.13.takesbtocourt:起诉∕控告……Hewastakentocourtfornotpayingbackthemoney.14.corrupt:(1)adj.腐败的，堕落的corruptofficials(2)vt.使腐败，腐蚀Absolutepowercancorrupteveryofficial.◆◆corruption：n.贪污，受贿，腐败，堕落15.trial:n.(1)审讯，审理(2)试验，试用(3)选拔赛，预赛amurdertrial:一起谋杀案的审理trialanderror:反复试验trialperiod:试用期①Themanwasarrestedbutnotbroughttotrial.这个人被逮捕，但并未送交法院审理。②Childrenlearntousecomputerprogramsbytrialanderror.③TheOlympictrials:奥林匹克运动会选拔赛16.putsbtodeath:处死……Hewasputtodeathforstealingcopperfromthecompany.11