高中英语学习笔记

高中英语学习笔记

【记叙文高级词汇】onone'swayto在某人去某地的途中doagooddeed做一件好事bethankfultosb.forsth.因某事而感谢某人throwoffone,sclothes匆忙脱掉衣服betoofrightenedtomove吓呆了struggle挣扎payavisitto参观beabouttodosth.,when…正准备…突然…eg.Iwasabouttogohome,whenIheardsomeonecryingforhelp・learnalessonfrom从…中吸取教训1teachsb.alesson给某人以教训keepthelessoninmind把教训牢记在心中makeupone"smind下定决心causealossof造成…损失eg.Thisterriblefirecausedalossofonemillionwiththesunsettingdown随着夕阳西下eg.Withthesunsettingdown,wewenthomehappily.saygoodbyeto向…告别forgerthepassingofthetime忘了时间的推移eg.Weworkedsoattentivelythatweforgotthepassingofthetime.belostin沉溺于eg.Hewaslostinhisworksothathedidn"tnoticeacarcoming.justatthattime就在那时beforelong不久eg.Beforelong,thefirewasputout.returntonormal恢复正常eg.Sooneverythingreturnedtonormal.*0urschoollieswherethereusedtobeachurch.我们学校位于过去是一座教堂的地方。【议论文高级词汇】dogoodto给…带来好处doharmto给…带来危害holdaview持有一个观点eg.Manypeopleholdaviewthatitisnousepromisingwithoutdoing.awasteof一种浪费eg.Playingcomputergamestoolongisawasteoftime.haveaneffecton对…产生影响advantagesanddisadvantages优势和劣势becrazyabout对…狂热belostin沉溺于\neg.Don"tbelostinreadingnovelsanylonger.toone"ssurprise令人惊讶的是resultin导致eg.Carelessnesscanresultinatrafficaccident.*1considerhimagreathero.我把他看成一个大英雄。【说明文高级词汇】behigh/richin含有丰富的…eg.Asweallknow,applesarehigh/richinsugar.haveanadvantageover比…有优势eg.Takingatrainhasanadvantageovertakingaplane.besimilarto与…相似bepopularwith受…欢迎eg.Thefoodisespeciallypopularwithchildren.contain包含，容纳differfrom与…不同eg.Orangesdifferfromanyotherfruit.tasty,delicious美味的，可口的bemadefrom/of由…制成,成品中看不出/看得出原材料convenient方便的attractive有吸引力的fascinating令人着迷的recommend推荐eg.Now,IwouldliketorecommendaverygoodEnglish-Chinesedictionarytoyou.ofgreatvalue很有价值beworthdoingsth.值得做某事eg.Theseproductsarewellworthbuying.ofhighquality质量高notonly...butalso••-不但…而且…dogoodto给…带来好处eg.Ofteneatingthiskindoffooddoesgoodtoourhealth.begoodfor对…有好处eg.Takingthiskindofmedicineisgoodforimprovingourmemory.*Whohaswontheelectionwillsoonbeannounced.即将宣布谁赢得了这次大选。*1don"tthinkitsurprisingthathehasrefusedherinvitation.我对他拒绝了她的邀请并不感到奇怪。*Thenewsthatthereisgoingtobeawonderfulconcertthiseveninghasspread・今天晚上将有一场精彩的音乐会的消息传开了。【人物介绍文高级词汇】bereadytodosth.乐意做某事eg.Iknowthatsheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.fasionable时尚的humorous幽默的gentle文雅的suchis这就是（用于对人物介绍作总结）eg.SuchisourEnglishteacher,akindandhardworkingman.beelectedamodel••-被选为模范\neg.Hismotherisoftenelectedamodelworker.bedeeplyrespectedandloved深受人们尊敬和爱戴wingreathonorfor…为…赢得巨大荣誉break/keeptherecordof••-打破/保持…纪录setanewrecord仓ij造新纪录*Asyoucanimagine,itisverydifficulttolearnmath.Istayedatherhomeforaweek,duringwhichtimeIdiscussedmanyproblemwithher.ThisisthegirlwithoutwhomIcouldn"thavewonthebigprize・Thisistheboywithwhosesister1havealreadyworkedfortenyears.我和他的姐姐己经一起工作了10年。【地点介绍类高级词汇】lieinthecenterof位于…的中心suchas诸如lieintheeast/west/south/northof••-位于…的东/西/南/北部lie(to)/ontheeast/west/south/northof••-位于…的东/西/南/北边［两地(不)接壤］coveronareaof覆盖…的而积eg.Ourcitycoversanareaof10000squarekilometers.haveapopulationof有…人口behigh/richin含有丰富的…eg.Thissmallcountryishigh/richinnaturalresources.a…withgreenhillsandbeautifulriverseg.Thisisavillagewithgreenhillsandbeautifulrivers.befamous/we11-knownfor因…出名eg.Asweallknow,HangzhouisfamousfortheWestLake・*Solongasyougetthereintime,youcanseehim.只要你及时赶到那里,你就能看到他。Iputabookmarkwhere1hadaquestion.我在有问题的地方放了一张书签。Ourschoollieswherethereusedtobeachurch•过去在我们学校所在的地方有一座教堂。【英文交友信高级词汇】makefriendswith与…交朋友beableto能够bethirstyfor渴望eg.I’mthirstyforachancetochatwithyoufacetoface.haveachancetodosth.有机会做某事helpeachother互相帮助understandeachother互相理解getrelaxed放松lookforwardto希望eg.I’mlookingforwardtovisitingyourcountryassoonaspossible・forever永远value珍惜eg.Totellyouthetruth,Ivalueourfriendtreasureone"sfriendship\n珍惜…的友谊eg.I’11treasureourfriendshipandconsideritasmyproperty.closefriends亲密的朋友hearfrom收到…的来信workout锻炼exercise锻炼eg.Wecanoftenworkoutinthestadium・*Withthesunsettingclown,wewenthome.夕阳西下时我们回家了。Hercominglatetoschoolannoyedherteacher.她上课迟到让老师感到很恼火。【求职信高级词汇】applyfor申请holdanimportantpositionin••-在…占据重要位置eg.Tomusedtoholdanimportantpositioninthiscompany.beadmittedinto••-被…录取e-mailsb.at••-按…地址给某人发电子邮件eg.Pleasee-mailmeatRedstarhotel@sina.cominaddition此外experienced有经验的promising有希望的sincemygraduation/graduatingfrom自从我从…毕业以来beaccepted被接受reach/realize/accomplishone"sdream/aim/goal实现理想/H标【求助信高级词汇】challenge挑战facing面临（常置于句首作状语）eg.Facingsomuchpressure,shedicin'tknowwhattodo.facedwith面临（常置于句首作状语）eg.Facedwithsomuchpressure,shecouldhardlystandit.begsb.todosth.恳求某人做某事begsb.ofsth.恳求某人提供某物eg.CanIbegyouofyourhelp?begsb.forsth.向某人恳求某物average一般的followone"sadvice采纳某人的建议eg.I’11followyouradviceandtrytodomyworkwell,makeprogress取得进步eg.I’msurewithyourhelpI"11makegreaterprogressinmyEnglishstudy.havedifficultyindoingsth.做某事有困难eg.IhavemuchdifficultyinmyEnglishstudy,havetroubleindoingsth.做某事很费力taketroubletodosth.费力地做某事eg.Iusuallytaketroubletounderstandthetext,helpsb.outofdifficulty帮助某人摆脱困境wouldlikesb.todosth.请某人做某事【调查报告高级词汇】makeup占eg.Thesmokersmakeuphalfofthetotalnumberoftheworkers.comparedwith和…相比\neg.Comparedwithboys,girlsareeasiertobecomefat.increase上升decrease下降eg.Thenumberofthestudentswhooftenplaycomputergamesisincreasing.goup上升dropdown下降eg.Recentlythetemperatureherehasbeengoingup.aquarterof四分之一threequartersof四分之三eg.Aquarterofthevillagershavegrownrichonsellingvegetables.•••timesas---as••-是…的…倍eg.Thisyeartheyhaveproducedthreetimesasmanycarsastheydidlastyear,•••timeshigher/longerthan••-比…高/长…彳咅eg.Thisbridgeisthreetimeslongerthanthatone.takeplace发生eg.Inrecentyearsgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthevillage.takeonanewlook呈现新面貌eg.Now,thetowntakesanewlook.asmany/high/longas+数词多/高/长达…eg.Asmanyastenstudentsarelatetoday.moreorless大约eg.Therearesixtystudentsmoreorlessinthisclass.withthedevelopmentof随着…的发展eg.Withthedevelopmentofindustryandagriculture,thistownwillbecomemoreandmorebeautiful.【倒装句】never,seldom,hardly,notuntil,only+状语，notonly+分句，nosooner,so/such+主句，neither,nor等置于句首时应使用部分倒装，即把系动词be,助动词，情态动词提至主语前，或在主语前加相应的助动词。eg.NeverhaveIbeentoBeijingbefore.Notonlydoeshestudyhardbutalsoheiskind.here,there,in,out,up,down,away等介词，副词及有些表示地点的成分置于句首时应使用全部倒装，即把动词直接提至主语前。eg.Hearingthestrangenoise,outrushedtheboy.Totheeastofthehilllietwocities.as引导让步状语从句时将表语，副词等提到as前。eg.Coldasitwas,theywentonwiththeirwork.【倍数表达法】A•••timesas…asBA是B的…倍…eg.Themountainisfivetimesashighasthatone.A…times+比较级+thanBA比B…倍…eg.Thebridgeisthreetimeslongerthanthatone.A•••times+the+名词+ofBA的…是B的…倍eg.Theearthisabout49timesthesizeofthemoon・省略句\n若时间状语从句，条件状语从句和方式状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，或从句的主语为it,常省略从句的主语和部分谓语。eg.Ifnecessary,I’11doeverythingforyou.Whilewaitingforabus,Ihadalongtalkwithhim.【过渡性词汇的使用】表因果关系asaresult（结果），thanksto（多亏了）eg.Itsnowedheavilyandasaresultourplanhadtochange.Thankstothefiremen"stimelyarrival,thebigfirewasputoutveryquickly.表递进关系what'smore（更何况，表肯定），besides（更何况，表肯定），what"sworse（更糟糕的是，表否定）eg.I’insureyoucanwinthebigprize,becauseyourperformanceisalwaysverygood;what'smore,youaresofamous.Thegirlwasverysad,becauseshelostherwallet;what'sworse,shehasjustbeencriticizedbyherteacher・表著名观点asweallknow（众所周知），asisknowntoall（众所周知）表各人观点asfarasIknow（就我所知的而言），asfarasIamconcerned（就我所知的而言）,inmyopinion（依我看），intheopinionofme（依我之见）,intheeyesofme（在我看来）表并列观点atthesametime（与此同时），（inthe）meanwhile（与此同时）表客观规律generallyspeaking（一般来说），ingeneral（一般来说），allinall（总的来说）表总结inaword（总Z）,altogether（总Z）eg.Sheiskind;sheisdiligent;sheisclever.Altogether,sheisagoodgirl.表情绪toone"sjoy（令某人高兴的是），toone'ssurprise（令某人惊讶的是），toone*sdisappointment（令某人失望的是），toone,spride（令某人自豪的是），toone'ssatisfaction（令某人满意的是），toone'shorror（令某人惊恐的是）表转折关系however（然而,无论如何），nevertheless（然而,不过）eg.Therewasnonews;nevertheless,shewentonhoping・表顺序first（第一，首先），second（第二），then（然后），atlast（最后），intheend（最后）eg.AtfirstIthoughtitdifficulttolearnEnglish,butintheendIchangedmymind.【常用的过渡性词语（组）】时间：first,second,then,afterthat,next,afterward,finally,intheend,atlast,meanwhile,lateron,soon空间：near,nextto,farfrom,infrontof,ontheleft,ontheright,对比：like,unlike,while,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,insteadof,Instead转折:but,however,yet,nevertheless,otherwise,unfortunately/fortunately,suddenly,allofasudden,inspiteofthis,actually,infact,asamatteroffact因果：Foronething,Foranotherthing,because,becauseof,thanksto,dueto,onaccountof,nowthat,therefore,so,that,withthehelpof递进：besides,What'smore,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,notonly…but\nalso,aboveall,What"sworse,Worsestill,tomakethingsworse并歹ij：and,aswellas,also,neither…nor条件：if,aslongas,onconditionthat,incase（以防）eg.Childrendon'tcareaboutmessordustaslongastheyfeeltheyareloved・孩子们只要觉得自己受到疼爱，就不在乎脏乱或灰尘。比较：目的：结果：让步：选择：结论：than,as…as,themore…themore…，comparedwithso…that,inorderthat,soasto,inordertosothat,asaresult,therefore,thus,tomysurprise/delight/dismaythough,although,evenif/though,inspiteof,despitethateither…or…，…or…，whether…or…inaword,inotherwords,inshort,inbrief,ingeneral,onthewhole,asawhole,tosumup,toconclude观点：inmyopinion,inmyeyes,Ithink,I’msure,asfarasIamconcorned,tomymind,Personally,Franklyspeaking举例：forexample,forinstance,suchas承接：Ononehand,Ontheotherhand,inthisway,bydoingthis段落：Asfaras…isconcerned,Asthesayinggoes,Asmighthavebeenexcepted,Aswas高一英语必修2词组归纳总结Unit11.2.3.4.5.&7.&9.bebebelookinto调查insiston/uponsth/doing坚持做，坚决做belongto属于get/belost;bemissingdowith处理；对付insearchof;inthe/one"ssearchforbeusedbeusedbemademadeofmadeformadeupof迷路，丢失寻找todosth.todoinginto••/from被用来做某事习惯于做某事被制成；用…制成（看得见原材料/看不见原材料）为…制作由…组成sth.11.workofamberart琥珀艺术品.12.asagiftof作为…的礼物13.inreturn作为报答14.becomepartof成为…的一部分15.serveas充当,用作16.add…to…添加•••至【J…17.greatwondersoftheworld世界上的伟大奇迹18.beatwar处于交战状态19.lessthan少于20.nodoubt毫无疑问10.beof+抽象名词二be+该词的形容词“beof+名词（词组）”表示主语的某种形状或特征beofa（n）/the/thesame"属于，归于”beofthesize/weight/height/age/colour/kind•••\n21.remainamystery仍然是个迷22.takeapart拆开23.ratherthan胜于，而不是25.tellthetruth说实话26.pretendtodosth假装做某事27.giveanexamplefromyourownlife举一个你生活中的例子28.thinkhighlyof看重，重视29.searchfor=lookfor30.agreewithsb.同意某人的意见31.情态动词(could/might/must/should)+havedone表示对过去发生的事情的推测，批评，反悔等意思32.havesth.done表示“请人做某事”“使遭遇某种(不幸的)事情”Unit21takepartin/joinin参加2thespiritof精神、宗旨、灵魂3usedto过去常常4findout查明，找出5everyfouryears每四年，每隔三年6twosetsof两套，两组7allowsb.in(out)允许进入（出去）；8allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事(不能说allowtodo)9allowdoingsth・允许干某事。10be/getmarried(强调状态)+to（不能用with）sb和结婚11asetof一套，一组12competein••-在某方面竞争13competefor••-为而竞争14competewith/against与・,……竞争15beadmittedto获准做某事16beadmittedas作为…被接受17reachthestandard达到……水平、标准18playanimportantrole/partin在…方面扮演重要角色（起重要作用）19aswellas和样20thankyouforyourtime感谢您（能抽空）21comefromthesameroot同根22have(no)chanceofdoingsth.有（没）做……的机会23gowith伴随，与……搭配24relate---to••-把……与关联起来25relatewith和有关26runagainst••-和……赛跑27hearof听说28makesure确定29taketurns轮流30oneafteranother一个接一个31makesure+thatclause确定Unit31.soundsimple听起来简单\n2.atechnologicalrevolution3.artificialintelligence4・beginas5.solve/settleaproblem6・asimple-mindedman7.mathematicalprob1em8・betotallychanged9・shareinformationwith10.servethehumanrace11.commonknowledge12.dealwith13.inmyopinion14-publicopinion15ananalyticalmethod16.sharearoomwith17.connectwith18.goby19.bringintoeffect20.thecomnionpeople2Lgettogether22.afterall23.withthehelpof24.makeup25-apersonalletter26.watchover27.haveagoodtime28.onceayear29.makeadecision30.allowsb.todosth.3Lbuildingmaterials32.infact33.createanewbuilding34.inawayUnit41.asaresultAsaresultof=becauseof技术革命人工智能作为…开始解决问题一个头脑简单的人数学问题被完全改变了与…信息共享为人类服务常识处理在我看来公众舆论分析法与…共居一室与…有关（从…旁）走过使生效老百姓聚集毕竟在…的帮助下编造，化妆私人信件看守，监视玩得愉快一年一度做出决定允许某人干某事建筑材料事实上创建一栋新楼在某种程度上结果resultin=cause导致resultform由于2.dieout（动，植物物种）灭绝dieof死于…（多内因）diefrom死于•••（多外因）diedown变弱；逐渐消失bedyingfor渴望得到・・■3.beataloss=bepuzzledat=beconfused迷惑的，不解的sufferaloss(of)蒙受损失makeupforaloss弥补损失belostinone'sthought（陷入沉思）loseheartloseone'shearttosb4・inpeace平静的（地）；安静的（地）由于\ninsilence/inquiet/insurprise/inahurry5.huntingfor搜索；搜寻6.beindangerof有…危险beoutofdanger脱离危险endangeredadj・濒危的dangerous危险的7.have/giveaneffecton/upon…takeeffect(生效)come/gointoeffect生效；实施8・beconcernedabout担心•关心，挂念9.getdressed穿上衣服getdone强调动作，不能和表一段时间的状语连用;bedone表状态10.turnround:转过去，围绕…旋转11.applyto应用beappliedto被应用于applyfor请求，中请……applytosb.forsth.12.protectfrom保护…..免受….危害preventfrom阻止(stop/keepfrom)13.haveaeffecton对•••有影响14attractone"sattention/interest高考常用动词短语(322)1.动词+about(8)bringabout引起，使发生careabout关心，对・・・有兴趣comeabout发生hearabout听说setabout着手，开始speak/talkabout谈论thinkabout思考worryabout为…担心2.动词+away(14)blowaway吹走breakaway摆脱carryaway拿走，使入迷clearaway清除掉，消散dieaway逐渐消失giveaway背弃，泄露passaway去世putaway收拾起来,存起来sendaway让走开takeaway拿走throwaway扔掉turnaway把…打发走washaway冲走wearaway磨掉，消耗3•动词+at(18)aimat向・・・瞄准callat拜访地点comeat向…袭击glanceat匆匆一瞥glareat怒视knockat敲门，窗等laughat嘲笑lookat看，注视pointat指向runat冲向，向...攻击shootat向…•射击shoutat冲某人嚷嚷sndleat冲某人笑stareat凝视strikeat向…打击tearat用力撕wonderat惊讶workat干...活动研究4.动词+back(6)callback回电话giveback0曰还holdback控制住keepback隐瞒，忍住lookback回顾takeback拿回，收回5.动词+down(13)breakdown坏了，垮了，分解bringdown使...降低，使倒下burndown烧毁calmdown平静下来comedown下落，传下cutdown削减，砍倒passclown传下来putdown记下，写下，镇压settledown安家slowdown慢下来takedown记下，记录teardown拆毁，拆除turndown调小，拒绝6•动词+for(18)\napplyfor申请askfor要求得到begfor乞求callfor要求，需要carefor关心，喜欢changefor用…换chargefor收费，要价comefor来拿，来取hope/wishfor希望得到huntfor寻找longfor渴望lookfor寻找runfor竞选searchfor查找seekfor寻找standfor代表，表示takefor误以为...是waitfor等候5.动词+from(9)datefrom始于...时候diefrom因..・而死differfrom与.・.不同hearfrom收到...来信keep/stop/preventfrom不让…做learnfrom向・・•学习resultfrom由于separatefrom把.・.分离开sufferfrom受…苦6.动词+of(10)approveof赞成becomeof发生・・・情况,怎么啦complainof抱怨consistof|tl...组成dieof死于dreamof梦到hearof听说speakof读到talkof谈到thinkof想到7.动词+off(21)breakoff打断carryoff携走，带走comeoff脱掉，褪色cutoff切断，断绝falloff跌落，掉下getoff脱下衣服等getoff下车giveoff散发出gooff走开，消失，坏了keepoff避开,勿走近knockoff把...撞落leaveof'f''屮断payoff还清putoff延期，推迟ringoff挂断电话seeoff送行setoff岀发showoff炫耀startoff出发takeoff脱下，起飞turn/switchoff关掉8.动词+on(18)bringon使.・・发展callon拜访carryon继续，进行dependon依靠feedon以...为生haveon穿着insiston坚持keep/goon继续liveon以...为生lookon旁观moveon继续移动，往前走passon传授，传递puton穿上，戴上，上演relyon依靠spendon在…花钱takeon雇佣，呈现tryon试穿turn/switchon打开9.动词+out(29)breakout爆发bringout阐明，使表现出burstout迸发carryout执行comeout出版，出来\ncrossout划掉lookinto研究，调查figureout算出put/translateinto把•…译成findout查出，弄明flruninto碰到giveout散发，分发，用完goout熄灭turninto变成handout散发14.动词+over(10)helpout救助fallover跌倒，摔倒holdout坚持下去getover克服keepoutof使不进入，挡住goover审阅，检查，研究leaveout省略，删掉lookover翻阅，检查letout泄露，发出声音rollover翻滚lookout当心，堤防runover压夕匕看遍makeout理解，看清楚takeover接管，接替pickout选出thinkover仔细考虑pointout指出turnover翻倒，细想putout扑灭runout用完watchover看守，照看sendout发出，派遣15.动词+to(19)setout出发，着手addto增添speakout大胆讲出agreeto同意tryout试用，试验attendto处理turnout结果是，生产belongto属于wearout穿破，使...疲劳bringto使苏醒workout算出，想出办法等cometo共计，苏醒compareto与...相比，把...比作12.动词+in(15)devoteto贡献给breakin强制进入，插话getto到达bringin引进，使得到收入leadto导致，通向callin召集，来访objectto反对cutin插入pointto指向dropin拜访referto谈到，涉及，参阅fillin填写replyto答复getin收获，进入seeto处理，料理givein让步stick/hold/keepto坚持，忠于handin上交supplyto为.••提供joinin参加turnto向...求助，查阅lookin来访，参观persistin坚持writeto写信给resultin导致16.动词+up(38)succeedin在•…获得成功breakup分解takein接纳，吸收bringup抚养，呕吐，提出buildup建立13.动词+into(7)burnup烧毁burstinto闯入，迸发catchup赶上changeinto把…变成clearup整理，收拾，放晴divideinto把…•分成comeup上来，长岀，出现\ncutup切碎divideup分配doup整理，包装，打扮eatup吃完endup总结fixup修理,安排,装置getup起床，站起giveup放弃，献出goup增长，上涨growup成长，长大holdup耽搁,使停顿hurryup赶快joinup联结起来，参军keepup保持layup积蓄lookup查找，找出makeup构成，组成openup开创，开辟pickup拾起，学会，用车，来接，收听到putup搭/架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起ringup打电话sendup发射setup架起，建立situp熬夜speedup加快速度stayup挺住，熬夜takeup开始学，从事,占据tearup撕碎throwup呕吐turnup开大,出席，出现useup用完17.动词+through(7)checkthrough核对getthrough通过，干完，接通电话gothrough审阅，检查，学习lookthrough翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看pullthrough渡过危机，康复putthrough接通电话seethrough识破18.动词+with(14)agreewith同意，与…一致beginwith以...开始combinewith与...相联合comparewith与…相比coverwith用...覆盖dealwith处理，对付dowith处理，需要endwith以...结束equipwith以.・•装备meetwith遇到，遭受playwith玩，玩弄providewith以…供给supplywith以...供给talkwith同・••交流19.三词以上的短语动词(48)addupto总计breakawayfrom摆脱catchsightof看见catchupwith赶上comeintobeing出现doawaywith废除dowellin在...干得好getcloseto接近getdownto认真开始getintothehabitof染上...的习惯geton/alongwith和...相处getoutof逃避，避免getridof摆脱getusedto习惯于goonwith继续helponeselfto随便吃，用keepaneyeon堤防keepawayfro避开,别靠近keepintouchwith保持联系keepupwith赶上lookdownon轻视lookforwardto盼望lookupto仰望，尊敬losesightof看不见makeafoolof愚弄makefriendswith同…交朋友makefunof开玩笑，取笑makeroomfor给...让地方makeupfor弥补makeuseof利用payavisitto访问payattentionto注意playapartin起作用，扮演・.•角色putupwith忍受runoutof用完setanexampleto为...树立榜样setfireto放火烧takeaphotoof拍…照片takeadvantageof利用takeaninterestin对...感兴趣takecareof照看takechargeof负责takeholdof握住takenoticeof注意takepartin参加Itakepityon可怜takepridein为...而自豪taketheplaceof取代Unitlfestivalsaroundtheworld发生takeplace有预见的，事先计划或预想到的事情的发生。无被动语态。happen指一切客观事物或情况得偶然或未能预见的发生，无被动语态。breakout经用于负面场合，多指灾难战争疾病。comeabout中性词（正负面）takeone'splace=takeone"sseat就坐\ntaketheplaceof代替某人inplace在适当的位置，合适inmemoryof二inhonorof纪念，追念inplaceof代替inneedof需要infavorof赞同；有利于dohonortosb.=dosbhonor向表示敬意dressdressup盛装;打扮；装饰dresssb给某人穿衣服dressoneself给自己穿衣服dressin穿衣服playajokeon开玩笑haveajoke说笑话；开玩笑makeajokeabout拿开玩笑laughat嘲笑makefunof取笑medal奖章，勋章，纪念张prize奖品，奖金，战利品reward回报，报酬，应酬，报应award奖品，因优点奖励或授予gather应用最广泛的，收集，聚集，集合在一起。collect通常指的是仔细选择相似或有联系的东西，来变成有组织的整体的一部分。lookforwardto期望，期待，盼望lookout注意，当心lookover翻阅，浏览lookinto调查lookupto仰慕，尊敬lookdownupon轻视keepone'sword信守承诺breakone'swordhaveawordwithsb.和谈话havewordswithsb.和争吵inaword总而言Zholdone'sbreath屏息，屏气loseone"sbreak喘不过气outofone'sbreath喘不过气，上气不接下气shortofbreath呼吸困难takeadeepbreath=breathedeeply深呼吸apologizeapologizetosb.for...向某人道谦apologize(doing)sth.因为向某人道谦make/offeranapology道歉acceptanapology接受refuseanapology扌总绝starvefor=bestarvedfor/of渴望得到，迫切需要\n二•情态动词Lcan和could①表能力ShecanspeakEnglish.②猜测Canshebeinthereadingnow?③许可或请求许可Couldyou……?Can和beabletocan只有现在是和过去式，beableto时态变化多can一般指自身具有的能力，而beableto则表示经过一段时间的努力后所具有的能力。2.may和might①表示许可或请求许可MayIcomein?肯定回答Yes,youmay.Ofcourse,youmay.否定回答No,youmaynot./youcan't./youmustn"t./youhadbetternot.②表示可能性。Hemightnotcometoday.③表示祝愿Mayyouhappy!3.must①表示必须Allthestudentsmustobeytheschoolrules.否定：No,youneedn"t./youdon"thaveto.②表示推测(只用在肯定句屮)Youmustbetiredafterthejourney.③偏偏，偏要。WhymustitrainonSunday?为什么偏偏是星期天下雨?4.shall①和第一、第三人称连用，表示说话人的命令、允诺、警告等。Heshallbesorryforitoneday.有朝一日他一定会后悔的。②问句屮，与第一、三人称连用，表示说话人征求对方意见。Shallwegoinside?5.should①表示应当，意思和oughtto相近，但语气稍弱。Weshouldhelpotherswhentheyareintrouble・②表示推测，可能Theyshouldbeathomebynow・1.will①表示愿望Iw订1domybesttohelpyou.②表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问Willyoupassthemessagetohim?③表示某种倾向或习惯性动作Fishwilldieoutofwater.4・would①表示过去曾有过的意志、愿望和决心IpromisedthatIwouldtrymybest.②表示请求、愿望、个人看法等，语气委婉.Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffee?③表示过去的习惯性的动作或倾向，相当于usedtoHewouldgotheparktoplaychess.5.dare\n①Hedaren"tcrosstheriver.Darehecrosstheriver?No,hedaren"t・②Hedoesn'tdaretocrosstheriver.Hedarestocrosstheriver.Unit2Healthyeatinggoonadiet节食balance天平，平衡inthebalance悬而未决onbalance总的来说keepone"sbalance保持平衡fry油煎，油炸Shefriedtwoeggsforbreakfastyesterday・Fry作不及物动词时，含义为：在油里煎炸Thefishinfryinginthepan.Fry作定语friedpotatoesloseweight减肥putonweight增加体重carryweight重要,有影响pullone"sweight尽职getawaywith被放过tellalie/telllies说谎tellAfromB把A和B分开winback赢回strength强项，长处，力量consult咨询，请教，商量，翻阅consultwithsb和某人商量consultonsth商议某事10.benefit利益，好处,有利于benefitfrom/by从中受益beofgreatbenefitto对有很大好处11.benefitfrom/by从中受益forthebenefitof为了的好处longbefore很久以前longago12.cutdown削减,删除；cutin插嘴cutup切碎cutout裁剪cutoff终止cutacross走捷径13.oughtto①表示认为某事很可能Maryoughttobeheresoon.②表示有责任、义务去做某事1oughttobemorecareful.③oughtto构成否定式、疑问式、及反义疑问句的变化\nIoughtnottogo.OughtItogo?Yes,youought（to）./No,youneedn,tWeoughtnottogo,oughtwe?Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNotebringup抚养，提出，呕吐scene（戏剧）一场；现场；场面；景色onthescene在场；到场behindthescenes在幕后；在后台setthescene（forsth）为做好准备comeonthescene到场；岀现permitsbtodosth允许某人做某事permitdoingsth允许做某事bepermittedtodosth被允许做某事permitofsth容许1.Gohead①表示“着手做”或“毫不犹豫地去做”②前进，先进来，继续做③取得进展；取得进步④用在交际用语中asamatteroffact事实上，实际上2.byaccident=bychance偶然，无意屮，不小心bymistake弄错；失误；错误的3.stareat凝视glareat怒目而视4.giveup=loseheart=losehope放弃5.spot斑点，污点，发现，认出Onthespot马上，立刻Bespottedwith被发现Putsbonthespot使某人为难6.accountfor导致，作岀解释7.seek寻找，探索，寻找seekafter/for寻找，追求，探索seekout找出，搜出，挑出8.onthecontrary与此相反，正相反（对上文的转折）tothecontrary相反地（对事物的评判）bycontraries相反地becontraryto和相反宾语从句引导名词性从句的连接词：that,whether,if,what,whatever,who,whoever,whose,which,when,where,how,why1)that引导，不作成分，常被省略②从句是并列句，第二个级以后的分句前的that不能省略Weallthink(that)sheisworkinghardandthatshewillsurelygotoaverygooduniversity.2)demandordersuggestdecideinsistdesiredemandrequestcommand等词后，宾从\n常用should+V原Theconnanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.2)动词+it+形容词或惯用搭配+that从句Wethinkitimportantthateverycitizenshouldhavegoodmanners.3)Idon，tdoubtthatDoyoudoubtthat1doubtwhethei4)whowhomwhichwhosewhat等关联词引导时，陈述语序IalwaysthinkofhowIcanworkwell.5)whetherif用whether不用if引导主语从句并在句首时引导表语从句引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时从句中有ornot时后接动词不定式时6)当主句谓语动词是现在时态时，宾语从句可根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态1knowthathestudiedEnglishterm.表语从句1)that仅起连接作用，不作成分，通常不省略2)表语从句表是否只能用whether3)that"sbecause那是因为that"swhy••-由于某种原因造成结果thereasonwhy*isthat…itlooksasifUnit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarssystem系统；体系；制度(可数)规律条理(不可数)theory学说，理论，既为可数又为不可数名词intheory理论上theoretical理论的theoretically理论上，理论地sothatso・・・that…如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句常见结构：so+形容词或副词(原级)+thatso+many/few+复数可数名词+thatso+much/little+不可数名词+that4.intime及时，终于ontime准时，按时atonetime曾经；一度；同时allthetime一直k订1time消磨时间onceuponatime从前forthetimebeing暂时innotime立刻，及时donoharm无害dosb/sthharm对有害meannoharm没有恶意beharmfulto对有害\nlayeggs下蛋laythetable摆饭桌，摆餐具laythefoundation奠定基础laytheblameon责怪动词原形词义过去式过去分词现在分词lie说谎liedliedlyinglie躺，位于laylainlyinglay放置；产卵laidlaidlayingexist生存，存在existin存在于中existon靠生活、生存existas作为…而存在；以…形态存在inexistence存在；现有comeintoexistence开始存在，成立existent现存的，存在的givebirthto分娩，产生atbirth在出生时bybirth在血统上，生来，天生地frombirst从岀生以来8.byturns轮流ontheturn在转变中，在变质outofturn不合时宜地taketurns轮流inturn依次，反Z,反过来阻止，制止prevent•••from=stop---from=keep---frompuzzle谜，难题（可数）puzzleabout苦思苦想puzzleout仔细考虑；设法想岀puzzleover苦苦思考blockout挡住，遮住（光线和声音）blockup塞住；封住（孔、洞）blockoff（用路障）封住堵住Unit5Canada-“TheTrueNorth"ratherthan与其，不愿，而不是woulddosthratherthandosth宁愿做而不愿做prefertodosthratherthandosth与做相比更喜欢做2.chat-chatted-chatted-chatting聊天，闲聊chatwithsb3.surround^-with••-用包围besurroundby/with被包围、环绕4.①名词（代词）+现在分词Weshallplaythematchtomorrow,weatherpermitting.②名词（代词）+过去分词Thejobfinished,wewenthome.③名词（代词）+不定式Somanypeopletohelphim,heissuretosucceed.④名词（代词）+介词短语Agirlcamein,somebooksinhand.⑤名词（代词）+形容词或副词Hesatinthefrontrow,hismouthhalfopen.\n©Therebeing二名词（代词）Therebeingnothingelsetodo,wewenthome.⑦Itbeing+名词（代词）ItbeingChristmas,thegovernmentofficeswereclosed.有时可以在独立主格前面加上介词withDon'tsleepwiththewindowsopen.2.settledown定居，平静下来，专心于settleonsth决定做某事settlesthonsb将转让给某人settleforsth勉强认可某事3.managetodosth设法做到了某件事情二succeedindoingsthtrytodosth尽力做某事，多只某事没有成功4.catchsightof看见；瞥见atfirstsight初看Z下，乍一看atthesightof在看到时in/withinsight在视线之内losesightof看不见，忽略，忘记outofsight看不见5.begiftedat/insth在有天赋haveagiftfor6.within在里面,内心Sheispurewithin.他内心纯洁withindoors在屋内withinfivedays五天Z内7.mixture可数名词，混合物，混合状态mix混合,调配be/getmixedup弄糊涂了，杂乱无章be/getmixedupin/with卷入，牵涉进去mixup混合,混淆