高中英语倒装讲解

高中英语倒装讲解

倒装句倒装是一种语法手段，用以表示一定句子结构的需要和强调某一句子成分的需要，分为完全倒装和部分倒装。A.Herecomesthecar.（全部倒装）正常语序：Thecarcomeshere・Awaywenttheboy.正常语序：Theboywentaway.全部倒装：将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。B.NeverhaveIseenthiskindofcar.（部分倒装）正常语序：Ihaveneverseenthiskindofcar.部分倒装：be/助动词/情态动词提前到主语的前面。一.完全倒装（全部倒装）1.以here,there,now,then等副词或out,in,up,down,away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首以示强调，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用come,go,be,lie,run,rush等。①Theregoes.thebell.铃响了②Herecomesthebus.公共汽车來了③Awaywent.the.boy.那个男孩走开了。@Outrushedthechildren・小孩子冲了出来。（5）wentthearrowintotheair.2.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时①Atthefootofthehillliesa.beauti.ful②Underthetreeyyaslyingawoundedsoldier.③AmongthegoodsareChristmastreesy.flowers7.candlesa.0d.toys.注意：在上述句子中，如果主语是人称代词，则主、谓不需要倒装。如：①Inhecameandbackhewentagain.（2）Awayhewent.\n二.部分倒装（不完全倒装）构成：把be动词、助动词或情态动词提到主语的前面。be动词：am,is,are,was,were助动词：do,does,did;构成完成时态的has,have,had情态动词：can,could,would,will,may,might,should,shall等1.only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，句子要部分倒装①OnlythendidIrealizetheimportsneeoflearningEnglish・（only+畐ij词）②OnlvafterhecamebackwasIabletoseehim.（only+介词短语）③Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork・（only+状语从句）（4）Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.（only+介词短语）注：only修饰主语时，不用倒装。如:OnlysocialismcansaveChina.2.含有否定或半否定意义的词或短语放在句首时，要部分倒装。常用的词或短语有：not,little,hardly,never,atnotime,bynomeans，undernocondition,nowhere,seldom,few,rarely,scarcely（几乎不）,nolonger,neither,nor等如：（X）SeldomdoJgotothecinema.（2）NeverhaveJseensuchaperformanee.（3）Nowherewasthekeytobefound.（4）BynomeanswillIgiveup.⑤Sheisnotfondofcooking,nor阿」・3・在so...that...和such...that…结构中当so或such置于句首时,主句用部分倒装如：ItissuchaninterestingbookthatIwanttoreaditagain.9SuchaninterestingbookisitthatIwanttoreaditagain.9Sointerestingis_thebookthatIwanttoreaditagain.4.在notonly...butalso;nosoondhan...;hardly・・.when・••等固定句式中，当notonly,nosooner和hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。如：①NotonlydoIknowher,butalsoPmherfriend.（2）NosoonerhadJarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.\n=HardlyhadJarrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.（3）HardlyhadJreachedtheairportwhentheplanetookoff.4.as/though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”时，句子用部分倒装结构：名词/形容词/副词/动词/分词+as（though）+主语+其他如：（1）Childas（though）heis,hehastomakealiving.（名词+as/though+主语+其他）①Boyashewas,hewaschosenking.（名词+as/though+主语+其他）（3）Tryas（though）hemight,Carolinacouldn'tgetthedooropen.（动词+as/though+主语+其他）（4）Changeyourmindas（though）youwill,youwillgainnoadditionalsupport.（动词+as/though+主语+其他）（5）Youngas（though）heis,hecanspeakmanyforeignIanguages.（形容词+as/though+主语+其他）（6）Angryas（though）hewas,hemanagedtospeakcalmly.（形容词+as/though+主语+其他）⑦Muchas（though）Iadmirehiscourage,Idon'tthinkheactedwisely.（畐【J词+as/though+主语+其他）注意：as引导让步状语从句时，必须用倒装结构‘though引导让步状语从句时，可以用倒装也可以不用，不用倒装时与although的用法相同。5.if引导虚拟条件从句中含有had,were,should等词，如果将讦省略，贝！J将had,were,should移到主语之前。如：①IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkhard.->WereJyou,Iwouldworkhard.②Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldputoffourmeeting.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldputoffourmeeting.③IfIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwouldhaveseenthefilmyesterday.■>Had」finishedmyhomework,Iwouldhaveseenthefilmyesterday.6.so/neither/nor+be（助动词或情态动词）+主语，表示两人的情况一样。如：\n①HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.②Tomcan'tanswerthequestion.Neither/NorcanI.①IhaveneverbeentoGuangzhouUniversity,neither/norhashe.注意：so用于肯定句中，意为“某人也是如此”；neither/nor用于否定句中，意为"某人也不是如此”如果表示两人有两种以上情况相同时,用soitiswithsb.或itisthesamewithsb.