2003年4月自学考试英语(二)试题及答案

2003年4月自学考试英语(二)试题及答案

2003年4月全国自考英语(二)试题一、从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。(每小题1分，共10分)1.Ittookalongtimeforherto______thefactthatherhusbandwasdismissed．A.comeupagainstB.comeuptoC.comeupwithD.cometotermswith2.Wasitinthatschool______hedevelopedhisinterestinphysics?A.whichB.fromwhichC.whereD.that3.______foryourhelp，Iwouldnothaveovercomethepsychologicalpressuresandtensions．A.NotbeenB.WithoutbeingC.HaditnotbeenD.Nothavingbeen4.______nothingtosay，theboyshiedwayfromthecrowd．A.HaveB.HavingC.HadD.Havingbeing5.Asactivitycarried_____asonethinksfitinone’ssparetime，leisurehasseveralfunctions.A.onB.outC.offD.over6.Whydoyoublamehimforhispoorjudgmentonthematter______hereallyneedsisencouragement?A.whenthatB.sincethatC.whenwhatD.nowthat7.Theothertimingsystembelongsinourinternalclocks，which，left______wouldtiethebodytoa25-hourrhythm.A.behindB.aloneC.outD.aside8.Ithasbeenyears______Ireturnedhome．A.afterB.thatC.sinceD.when9.We’llkeepyou______anynews．A.uptodatewithB.instepwithC.inlinewithD.intermsof10.I'dliketogotothecinema，butI’m______to．A.enableB.disableC.unableD.able二、下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案(每选项1分，共10分）　Japanisasmallcountrywithfewnaturalresources.11this，Japaneseproductivity，therateatwhichgoodsareproduced,12morethaneleventimesinthepastthirtyyears．ManypeopleintheWestwonderhowtheJapanese10ndoit．Thekey13Japan’ssuccesscanbediscoveredbylookingatsomebasicdifferencesbetweenJapaneseandWesternattitudestowardswork．　Peopleinthewestgenerallyviewwork14anecessaryevil-onemustgiveuppartofone’sfreedomtoearnthemoneyneededtolive.TotheJapanese，however，workisthecentralinterestofone’slife;it’s15thataJapaneseestablisheshisidentity.　AJapanesebusinessfirmislikeafamily，Whenanemployeejoinsacompany，heexpectstoworkforthatcompanyfortherestofhisworkinglife;16isanyonedismissed．Promotionisbasedonthesenioritysystem，thelengthofemployment17one’srankinthecompany.Thoseatthebottomdonot18chancesforpromotionbecausethoseatthetopretireatacertainage19othersmayhavetheirturn．Inaddition，thedifferencebetweenthelowestandthehighestsalariesismuchlessthan20intheWest．11.A.BecauseofB.AsforC.AlthoughD.Despite12.A.haveincreasedB.hasincreased　　C.areincreasingD.isincreasing13.A.toB.ofC.forD.in14.A.likeB.forC.aboutD.as15.A.thisB.thatC.hereD.where16.A.barelyB.rarelyC.occasionallyD.frequently17.A.determinesB.hasdetermined　　C.determiningD.todetermine18.A.careaboutB.careforC.worryaboutD.concernwith19.A.inthatB.suchthatC.forthatD.sothat20.A.thatB.thoseC.oneD.ones三、从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。(每选项2分，共30分)　　PassageOne　　Question21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.　　Whotalksmore，womenormen?TheseeminglyconflictingevidenceisresolvedbythedifferencebetweenwhatIcallpublicandprivatespeaking．Moremenfeelcomfortabledoing"publicspeaking,"whilemorewomenfeelcomfortabledoing"private"speaking.Anotherwayofcapturingthesedifferencesisbyusingthetermsreport-talkandrapport-talk.　　Formostwomen,thelanguageofconversationisprimarilyalanguageofrapport:awayofestablishingconnectionsandnegotiatingrelationships.Emphasisisplacedondisplayingsimilaritiesandmatchingexperiences.Fromchildhood,girlscriticizetheirfriendswhotrytostandoutorappearbetterthanothers.Peoplefeeltheirclosestconnectionsathome,orinplaceswheretheyfeelathome--withoneorafewpeopletheyfeelclosetoandcomfortablewith--inotherwords,duringprivatespeaking.Buteventhemostpublicsituationscanbeapproachedlikeprivatespeaking.10n　　Formostwomen，talkisprimarilyameanstopreserveindependenceandnegotiateandmaintainstatusinahierarchical(等级制度的)socialorder．Thisisdonebyexhibitingknowledgeandskill，andbyho1dingcenterstagethroughverbalperformancesuchasstorytelling,joking,orconveyinginformation．Fromchildhood，menlearntousetalkingasawaytogetandkeepattention．Therefore，theyaremorecomfortablespeakingin1argergroupsmadeupofpeopletheyknow1esswell，inthebroadestsense，"publicspeaking”.Buteventhemostprivatesituationscanbeapproachedlikepublicspeaking,morelikegivingareportthanestablishingrapport.21.Asimilartermfor"privatetalking"is___________.A.report-talkB.rapport-talkC.persuasivetalkD.women'stalk22.Whenwomentalk，theytendto________.A.admiretheirfriendswhostandoutB.makeothersfeelathomeC.approachpublicsituationslikeprivatetalkingD.seekcloserelationshipwithotherspeakers23.Mentalkinorderto________.A.makenewfriendsB.shareexperienceC.arguewithothersD.attractattention24.Thepurposeofthispassageisto_______.A.contrastthemaleandfemaletalkingstylesB.provethatmentalkmoreeffectivelythanwomenC.analyzewhymenandwomenaredifferentD.drawpeople'sattentiontothedifferencebetweenmenandwomen25.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Mentalkmorethanwomen.B.Menfeelmorecomfortablemakingapublicspeechthanwomen.C.Menaremoreknowledgeablethanwomen.D.Menaremoreindependentthanwomen.PassageTwo　　Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.　　Thebestexampleofhowassociationsinfluenceeatingisthatweofteneatnotbecausewe'rehungrybutbecauseit's"lunchtime,"becausefoodssmellgood,orbecauseourfriendsareeating.　Moreevidencethatassociationsinfluenceeatingcomesfrommarketingandadvertisingpressurestosellfoodsbyofferinghugeservings.Forexample,movietheatresofferanextralargeboxofpopcorn(爆玉米花)，which,atalmost900calories,isequivalenttoamajormeal.Healthprofessionalswarnthataschildren,adolescents(青少年),andadultslearntopreferlargeportionsandtastyfoodshighinfat,sugar,andcalories,therehasbeena10ncorrespondingincreaseinratesofbeingoverweight(from25%in1988to34%in1998).Researchersareespeciallyconcernedaboutthecontinuedratesofoverweightandobesity(肥胖)inchildrensincechildhoodobesityisverydifficulttotreatandanobesechildhasahighprobabilityofbecominganobeseadultwiththeassociatedhealthriskswediscussedearlier.　　Healthprofessionalssuggestthattoavoidfutureincreasesinratesofoverweightandobesity,weneedtotryhardtoforgetmanyofourfoodassociations,whichprimarilyinvolvesdecreasingsizeoffoodportions,increasinglevelsofactivitytoburnoffexcesscalories.26.TheinfluenceoffoodassociationcanbeseenclearlyfromtheexamplethatweofteneatNOTbecause________.A.it'stimeforlunchB.we'rehungryC.foodssmelldeliciousD.ourfriendsareeating27.Fromthepassagewecaninferthatthe"serving"inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymeans________.A.anamountoffoodB.aspecialserviceC.amealD.somecalories28.Accordingtotheauthor,becauseofanunhealthyfoodpreference,theincreaseinratesofbeingoverweightwasalmost______duringthetenyearsfrom198to1998.A.10percentB.20percentC.30percentD.40percent29.Accordingtothepassage,anobesechildis_____.A.lessatriskofheartdiseasesB.healthilyfatC.veryhardtogetalongwithD.morelikelytobecomeanobeseadult30.Inordertoavoidfutureincreasesinratesofoverweightandobesity,weneedtodoa11thefollowingEXCEPT______.A.makeanefforttoforgetourfoodassociationB.eatlesshigh-fatfoodC.domoreexercisetoconsumeexcesscaloriesD.eatlessfoodPassageThree　　Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.　　Laborforceisdennedasbeingthetotalnumberofpeoplewhoareavailabletoworkandearnincome．This10ndefinitionincludeseveryonewhoisemployedorseekingpaidemployment,soitincludesemployersandtheself-employed.Laborisoneofthecountry'sresourceswhichcanbecombinedwithotherresourcestoproducethegoodsandserviceswantedbythecommunity.　　Althoughthesizeoftheworkforcedependsagreatdealonthesizeofthetotalpopulation，thereareseveralotherinfluenceswhicha1soaffectit．Theagedistributionofthetotalpopulationhasaverymarkedeffectontheavailableworkforce．Ifthepopulationhasahighproportionofveryyoungpeopleorofthosetooo1dtowork，thentheavailableworkforcewouldbelowerthaniftherewereanevenlyspreadagedistribution.Ifthepopulationnaturallygrowsrapidly,i.e.thenumberofbirthsgreatlyexceedsthenumberofdeaths，thenasatotalpopulationincreasestheproportionintheworkforcedeclines．　　Sometimesapopulationisdescribedasaging，whichmeansthatthebirthrateiseitherfallingorgrowingveryslowly,andaspeopleretirefromtheworkforcethereareinsufficientnumbersofyoungpeopleenteringittoreplacethosewhoareleavingit．Thepopulationistop-heavy(头重脚轻)witholderpeople．Sothepercentageofthepopulationintheworkforcedeclineswhenthereiseitherarapidincreaseinbirthsorafallingbirthrate．　　Theagedistributionofthepopulationhasseveralimportanteffectsontheeconomy．Ifthepopulationisagingandthereisanincreaseinthenumberofpeopleretiringwithoutacorrespondingincreaseinthenumberenteringtheworkforce，thisraisestheproblemoftheabilityoftheeconomytoprovideareasonable1evelofsocialservicestotheretiredgroup．Iftheagedaretobecaredforinspecialhomes，financemustbeavai1ableforthatpurpose.Ifthesizeoftheworkforceissmallrelativetothetotalpopulation,thenthegovernmenttaxrevenueisrelativelylowandeitherthegovernmenthaslessmoneyavailabletoitortheworkforcemembershavetobetaxedmoreheavily.31.Laborforceisreferredtoas______.A.peoplewhoareavailabletoworkandearnincomeB.self-employedpeopleonlyC.onlythosewhoarelookingforanemploymentD.onlytheemployers32.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingfactorsisNOTmentionedasaninfluenceonthesizeoftheworkforce?A.Thesizeofthepopulation.B.Theagedistributionofthepopulation.C.Thenationaleconomy.D.Thenumberofbirthsanddeaths.33.Theconclusionwhichcanbedrawnsafelyfromthesecondparagraphisthat___.A.apopulationgrowthfromnaturalincreaseleadstoagreaterproportionoftheworkforceB.alargepopulationdoesnotnecessarilymeanahigherproportionofworkforceC.thelargerthenumberoftheagedinapopulation,thehighertheproportionoftheworkforceD.ifthepopulationhasanevenlyspreadagedistribution,theworkforcewillbelower34.Whenapopulationissaidtoaging,_______.A.therearemorepeopleretiringthanthoseenteringtheworkforce.B.thebirthratemustbegrowingC.thereshouldbeanoversupplyofworkforceD.youngpeopleoutnumberoldpeople10n35.Thepopulationwhichistop-heavywitholderpeopleexertspressureon____.A.theemployersB.theself-employedC.theyoungpeopleD.theeconomyofthecountry四、将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个词的词类和第一个字母以及用短线表示的其余字母数，已给出。(共20分)36.专门小组n．p____37.象征的a.s_______38.促进；发扬v．p______39.给人印象深刻的a．i_________40.交流v．e_______41.协调；和谐n．h______42.引入歧途的a．m_________43.完全，总共ad．a_________44.下来，下降v．d______45.天文台；了望台n.o__________46.财政的，金融的a．f_________47.闪闪发光，闪烁v．g______48.生物学n．b______49.推迟，延期v．p_______50.加强，巩固v．s_________51.相应地d．a__________52.志愿者，志愿兵n．v________53.暂时的，临时的a．t________54.维持；维修n．m_________10n55.积累，积聚v．a_________五、将括号内的各词变为适当的形式。（共10分）56.It'stimesomething_________(do)aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.57.Formanagers,everydecisionhasconstraints_________(base)onpolicies,proceduresandlaws.58.Manyawriterofnewspaperarticles_____________(turn)towritingnovelsduringthepastdecade.59.There___________(estimate)tobemorethan20,000overseasdomesticservantsworkinginBritainin1995.60.AsI'llbeawayforayear,I’dappreciate______________(hear)fromyounowandthen.61.Theeffectofrapidtravelonthebodyisactuallyfar_______(disturb)thanwerealize.62.Whatdevelopedwasamusicreadily___________(take)onvariousformsandcapableofanalmostlimitlessrangeofexpression.63.Manyothernewtechniquesareavailablethatenablemoreresearch__________(do)inthetesttube.64.__________(not,get)enoughhands,shehadgreatdifficultyinaccomplishingthetask.65.AFilipinomaidwasexecutedinSingaporeafter_____________(convict)ofmurder.六、将下列各句翻译成英语。(共15分）66.企业必须对市场需求敏感。67.如果你不努力学习，你就没有可能在竞赛中取胜。68.他能否按时到达，现在还不得而知。69.人们对于如何达到这个目标有不同的看法。70.现在的问题不是读什么书而是怎样读书。七、将下列短文翻译成汉语。(共15分)　Inadditiontotheneedforfood,manalsohasneedforsomekindofprotectionfromheatandcold,andfromwindandrain.Thefirsthomesofmanwereverysimple.Thesizeandkindofbuildingswhichhebuiltwerelimitedbyhistechnicalknowledgeandalsobythekindofbuildingmaterials(whichwere)availabletohim.Climatealsohadanimportantinfluence.Insomeplaces,man’shomewouldbenothingmorethanacaveinthesideofahill,withafireattheentrancetogivelightandwarmthandtokeepdangerouswildanimalsaway.Inwarmerareasprimitivemancouldusebranchestomakeaframeworkwhichhethencoveredwithleaves.10n2003年4月英语（二）答案一DDCBBCBCAC二DBADCBCCDA三BCDABBAADDACBAD四、将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个词的词类和第一个字母以及用短线表示的其余字母数，已给出。(共20分)36.专门小组n．p____正确答案：panel37.象征的a.s_______正确答案：symbolic38.促进；发扬v．p______正确答案：promote39.给人印象深刻的a．i_________正确答案：impressive40.交流v．e_______正确答案：exchange41.协调；和谐n．h______正确答案：harmony42.引入歧途的a．m_________正确答案：misleading43.完全，总共ad．a_________正确答案：altogether44.下来，下降v．d______正确答案：descend10n45.天文台；了望台n.o__________正确答案：observatory46.财政的，金融的a．f_________正确答案：financial47.闪闪发光，闪烁v．g______正确答案：glitter48.生物学n．b______正确答案：biology49.推迟，延期v．p_______正确答案：postpone50.加强，巩固v．s_________正确答案：strengthen51.相应地d．a__________正确答案：accordingly52.志愿者，志愿兵n．v________正确答案：volunteer53.暂时的，临时的a．t________正确答案：temporary54.维持；维修n．m_________正确答案：maintenance55.积累，积聚v．a_________正确答案：accumulate五、将括号内的各词变为适当的形式。（共10分）56.It'stimesomething_________(do)aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.正确答案：wasdone57.Formanagers,everydecisionhasconstraints_________(base)onpolicies,proceduresandlaws.正确答案：based58.Manyawriterofnewspaperarticles_____________(turn)towritingnovelsduringthepastdecade.正确答案：hasturned59.There___________(estimate)tobemorethan20,000overseasdomesticservantsworkinginBritainin1995.10n正确答案：wereestimated60.AsI'llbeawayforayear,I’dappreciate______________(hear)fromyounowandthen.正确答案：hearing61.Theeffectofrapidtravelonthebodyisactuallyfar_______(disturb)thanwerealize.正确答案：moredisturbing62.Whatdevelopedwasamusicreadily___________(take)onvariousformsandcapableofanalmostlimitlessrangeofexpression.正确答案：taking63.Manyothernewtechniquesareavailablethatenablemoreresearch__________(do)inthetesttube.正确答案：tobedone64.__________(not,get)enoughhands,shehadgreatdifficultyinaccomplishingthetask.正确答案：Nothavinggot65.AFilipinomaidwasexecutedinSingaporeafter_____________(convict)ofmurder.正确答案：beingconvicted六、将下列各句翻译成英语。(共15分）66.企业必须对市场需求敏感。67.如果你不努力学习，你就没有可能在竞赛中取胜。68.他能否按时到达，现在还不得而知。69.人们对于如何达到这个目标有不同的看法。70.现在的问题不是读什么书而是怎样读书。七除了对食物的需求之外，人类还有防暑、御寒、防风和防雨的需求。人类的第一个家园十分简陋。当时人们建造的房舍，无论是大小还是种类，都受到当时技术知识的建筑材料的限制。此外，气候也会产生重要影响。在某些地工欠类家园仅是山上的洞穴而已。洞穴入口处，燃起一堆火烧火燎，既可以照片、取暖，还可以驱赶野兽。在气候较为温暖的地区，原始人会用树枝搭建屋架，外面用树叶遮盖。10