2007年12月四级真题及答案

2007年12月四级真题及答案

2007年12月的英语四级考试,作文题没有任何新意.关于选修课的话题是老生常谈,历史上也曾经出现过.这从一个侧面反映了在准备考试时历年真题的重要性.而且也揭示了四级考试写作部分将来的一种可能的发展方向,即,相对固定的校园话题.这也让我们的备考相对容易一些.1.各学校开了各种各样的选修课2.学生选课有不同的原因3.就我而言WhatElectivesToChooseWiththereformofChinesehighereducation,moreandmorecollegesanduniversitiesputemphasisonnurturingstudents'abilities.Asaresult,electivecoursesareavailablenotonlyforexcellentacademicperformersbutalsoforstudentsabouttheaveragelevel.Certainly,studentshavedifferentreasonstochoosetheirownelectives.Forsome,practicalskillsaretheessenceofcollegeeducation,andtherefore,coursesoncomputerscience,marketing,andfinancearehighlypreferred.Ontheotherhand,othersmayholdtheideaofliberaleducationandelectivesconcerningliterature,history,andphilosophyarethemostwelcome.Takemeasanexample:beingadiscipleoffreeeducation,Istandforthenotionthatuniversityisnotaplaceforsurvivalskills,butapalaceofknowledgeandcriticalreasoning.Althoughmymajorischemistry,theelectivesIattendmostfrequentlyareEnglishliterature,anIntroductiontoClassicMusic,andDifferentSchoolsofWesternPainting.Theyreallywidenmyhorizon.听力:PartIWriting(30minutes)PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)UniversitiesBranchOutAsneverbeforeintheirlonghistory,universitieshavebecomeinstrumentsofnationalcompetitionaswellasinstrumentsofpeace.Theyaretheplaceofthescientificdiscoveriesthatmoveeconomiesforward,andtheprimarymeansofeducatingthetalentrequiredtoobtainandmaintaincompetitiveadvantage.Butatthesametime,theopeningofnationalborderstotheflowofgoods,services,informationandespeciallypeoplehasmadeuniversitiesapowerfulforceforglobalintegration,mutualunderstandingandgeopoliticalstability.Inresponsetothesameforcesthathavedriventheworldeconomy,universitieshavebecomemoreself-consciouslyglobal:seekingstudentsformaroundtheworldwhorepresenttheentirerangeofculturesandvalues,sendingtheirownstudentsabroadtopreparethemforglobalcareers,offeringcoursesofstudythataddressthechallengesofaninterconnectedworldandcollaborative(合作的)researchprogramstoadvancescienceforthebenefitofallhumanity.Oftheforcesshapinghighereducationnoneismoresweepingthanthemovementacrossborders.Overthepastthreedecadesthenumberofstudentsleavingnhomeeachyeartostudyabroadhasgrownatanannualrateof3.9percent,from800,000in1975to2.5millionin2004.Mosttravelfromonedevelopednationtoanother,buttheflowfromdevelopingtodevelopedcountriesisgrowingrapidly.Thereverseflow,fromdevelopedtodevelopingcountries,isontherise,too.Todayforeignstudentsearn30percentofthedoctoraldegreesawardedintheUnitedStatesand38percentofthoseintheUnitedKingdom.Andthenumbercrossingbordersforundergraduatestudyisgrowingaswell,to8percentoftheundergraduatesatAmerica'sbestinstitutionsand10percentofallundergraduatesintheU.K.IntheUnitedStates,20percentofthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscienceandengineeringareforeign-born,andinChinamanynewlyhiredfacultymembersatthetopresearchuniversitiesreceivedtheirgraduateeducationabroad.Universitiesarealsoencouragingstudentstospendsomeoftheirundergraduateyearsinanothercountry.InEurope,morethan140,000studentsparticipateintheErasmusprogrameachyear,takingcoursesforcreditinoneof2,200participatinginstitutionsacrossthecontinent.AndintheUnitedStates,institutionsarehelpingplacestudentsinsummerinternships(实习)abroadtopreparethemforglobalcareers.YaleandHarvardhaveledtheway,offeringeveryundergraduateatleastoneinternationalstudyorinternshipopportunity-andprovidingthefinancialresourcestomakeitpossible.Globalizationisalsoreshapingthewayresearchisdone.Onenewtrendinvolvessourcingportionsofaresearchprogramtoanothercountry.YaleprofessorandHowardHughesMedicalInstituteinvestigatorTianXudirectsaresearchcenterfocusedonthegeneticsofhumandiseaseatShanghai'sFudanUniversity,incollaborationwithfacultycolleaguesfrombothschools.TheShanghaicenterhas95employeesandgraduatestudentsworkingina4,300-square-meterlaboratoryfacility.Yalefaculty,postdoctorsandgraduatestudentsvisitregularlyandattendvideoconferenceseminarswithscientistsfrombothcampuses.Thearrangementbenefitsbothcountries;Xu'sYalelabismoreproductive,thankstothelowercostsofconductingresearchinchina,andChinesegraduatestudents,postdoctorsandfacultygeton-the-jobtrainingfromaworld-classscientistandhisU.S.team.Asaresultofitsstrengthinscience,theUnitedStateshasconsistentlyledtheworldinthecommercializationofmajornewtechnologies,fromthemainframecomputerandtheintegratedcircuitofthe1960stotheInternetinfrastructure(基础设施)andapplicationssoftwareofthe1990s.Thelinkbetweenuniversity-basedscienceandindustrialapplicationisoftenindirectbutsometimeshighlyvisible:SiliconValleywasintentionallycreatedbyStanfordUniversity,andRoute128outsideBostonhaslonghousedcompaniesspunofffromMITandHarvard.Aroundtheworld,governmentshaveencouragedcopyingofthismodel,perhapsmostsuccessfullyinCambridge,England,whereMicrosoftandscoresofotherleadingsoftwareandbiotechnologycompanieshavesetupshoparoundtheuniversity.Forallitssuccess,theUnitedStatesremainsdeeplyhesitantaboutsustainingtheresearch-universitymodel.Mostpoliticianrecognizethelinkbetweeninvestmentinscienceandnationaleconomicstrength,butsupportforresearchfundinghasbeenunsteady.ThebudgetoftheNationalInstitutesofHealthdoubledbetween1998andn2003,buthasrisenmoreslowlythaninflationsincethen.Supportforthephysicalsciencesandengineeringbarelykeptpacewithinflationduringthatsameperiod.Theattempttomakeuplostgroundiswelcome,butthenationwouldbebetterservedbysteady,predictableincreasesinsciencefundingattherateoflong-termGDPgrowth,whichisontheorderofinflationplus3percentperyear.Americanpoliticianshavegreatdifficultyrecognizingthatadmittingmoreforeignstudentscangreatlypromotethenationalinterestbyincreasinginternationalunderstanding.Adjustedforinflation,publicfundingforinternationalexchangesandforeign-languagestudyiswellbelowthelevelsof40yearsago.InthewakeofSeptember11,changesinthevisaprocesscausedadramaticdeclineinthenumberofforeignstudentsseekingadmissiontoU.S.Universities,andacorrespondingsurgeinenrollmentsinAustralia,SingaporeandtheU.K.ObjectionsfromAmericanuniversityandbusinessleadersledtoimprovementsintheprocessandareversalofthedecline,buttheUnitedStatesisstillseenbymanyasunwelcomingtointernationalstudents.MostAmericansrecognizethatuniversitiescontributetothenation'swell-beingthroughtheirscientificresearch,butmanyfearthatforeignstudentsthreatenAmericancompetitivenessbytakingtheirknowledgeandskillsbackhome.TheyfailtograspthatwelcomingforeignstudentstotheUnitedStateshastwoimportantpositiveeffects:first,theverybestofthemstayintheStatesand-likeimmigrantsthroughouthistory-strengthenthenation;andsecond,foreignstudentswhostudyintheUnitedStatesbecomeambassadorsformanyofitsmostcherished(珍视)valueswhentheyreturnhome.Oratleasttheyunderstandthembetter.InAmericaaselsewhere,fewinstrumentsofforeignpolicyareaseffectiveinpromotingpeaceandstabilityaswelcominginternationaluniversitystudents.1.Fromthefirstparagraphweknowthatpresent-dayuniversitieshavebecome_________.A)moreandmoreresearch-orientedB)in-servicetrainingorganizationsC)morepopularizedthaneverbeforeD)apowerfulforceforglobalintegration2.Overthepastthreedecades,theenrollmentofoverseasstudentshasincreased__________.A)by2.5millionB)by800,000C)atanannualrateof3.9percentD)atanannualrateof8percent3.IntheUnitedStates,howmanyofthenewlyhiredprofessorsinscienceandengineeringareforeign-bornA)10%B)20%C)30%D)38%4.HowdoYaleandHarvardpreparetheirundergraduatesforglobalcareersA)Theyorganizeaseriesofseminarsonworldeconomy.B)Theyofferthemvariouscoursesininternationalpolitics.C)TheyarrangeforthemtoparticipateintheErasmusprogram.D)Theygivethemchancesforinternationalstudyorinternship.5.Anexampleillustratingthegeneraltrendofuniversities'globalizationis__________.A)Yale'scollaborationwithFudanUniversityongeneticnresearchB)Yale'shelpingChineseuniversitiestolaunchresearchprojectsC)Yale'sstudentsexchangeprogramwithEuropeaninstitutionsD)Yale'sestablishingbranchcampusesthroughouttheworld6.WhatdowelearnaboutSiliconValleyfromthepassageA)IthousesmanycompaniesspunofffromMITandHarvard.B)ItisknowntobethebirthplaceofMicrosoftCompany.C)ItwasintentionallycreatedbyStanfordUniversity.D)ItiswheretheInternetinfrastructurewasbuiltup.7.WhatissaidabouttheU.S.federalfundingforresearchA)Ithasincreasedby3percent.B)Ithasbeenunsteadyforyears.C)Ithasbeenmorethansufficient.D)Itdoubledbetween1998and2003.8.ThedramaticdeclineintheenrollmentofforeignstudentsintheU.S.afterSeptember11wascausedby____.9.ManyAmericansfearthatAmericancompetitivenessmaybethreatenedbyforeignstudentswhowill_____.10.ThepolicyofwelcomingforeignstudentscanbenefittheU.S.inthattheverybestofthemwillstayand___.PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionA11.A)Sheusedtobeinpoorhealth.B)Shewaspopularamongboys.C)Shewassomewhatoverweight.D)Shedidn'tdowellathighschool.12.A)Attheairport.B)Inarestaurant.C)Inabookingoffice.D)Atthehotelreception.13.A)Teachinghersonbyherself.B)Havingconfidenceinherson.C)Askingtheteacherforextrahelp.D)Tellinghersonnottoworry.14.A)Haveashortbreak.B)Taketwoweeksoff.C)Continueherworkoutdoors.D)Goonvacationwiththeman.15.A)Heistakingcareofhistwinbrother.B)Hehasbeenfeelingillallweek.C)HeisworriedaboutRod'shealth.D)Hehasbeeninperfectcondition.16.A)Shesoldallherfurniturebeforeshemovedhouse.B)Shestillkeepssomeoldfurnitureinhernewhouse.C)Sheplantstoputallheroldfurnitureinthebasement.D)SheboughtanewsetoffurniturefromItalylastmonth.17.A)Thewomanwonderedwhythemandidn'treturnthebook.B)Thewomandoesn'tseemtoknowwhatthebookisabout.C)Thewomandoesn'tfindthebookusefulanymore.D)Thewomanforgotlendingthebooktotheman.18.A)Mostoftheman'sfriendsareathletes.B)Fewpeoplesharethewoman'sopinion.C)Themandoesn'tlooklikeasportsman.D)Thewomandoubtstheman'sathleticability.Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19.A)Shehaspackeditinoneofherbags.B)Sheisgoingtogetitattheairport.C)Shehasprobablyleftitinataxi.D)Sheisafraidthatshehaslostnit.20.A)Itendsinwinter.B)Itwillcostheralot.C)Itwilllastoneweek.D)Itdependsontheweather.21.A)Theplaneistakingoffsoon.B)Thetaxiiswaitingforthem.C)Theremightbeatrafficjam.D)Thereisalotofstufftopack.22.A)Athome.B)Attheairport.C)Intheman'scar.D)Bythesideofataxi.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.23.A)Sheisthirstyforpromotion.B)Shewantsamuchhighersalary.C)Sheistiredofherpresentwork.D)Shewantstosavetravelexpenses.24.A)Translator.B)Travelagent.C)Languageinstructor.D)Environmentalengineer.25.A)Livelypersonalityandinquiringmind.B)Communicationskillsandteamspirit.C)Devotionandworkefficiency.D)Educationandexperience.SectionBPassageOneQuestions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.26.A)Theycarealotaboutchildren.B)Theyneedlookingafterintheiroldage.C)Theywanttoenrichtheirlifeexperience.D)Theywantchildrentokeepthemcompany.27.A)Theyareusuallyadoptedfromdistantplaces.B)Theirbirthinformationisusuallykeptsecret.C)Theirbirthparentsoftentrytoconcealtheirbirthinformation.D)Theiradoptiveparentsdon'twantthemtoknowtheirbirthparents.28.A)Theygenerallyholdbadfeelingstowardstheirbirthparents.B)Theydonotwanttohurtthefeelingsoftheiradoptiveparents.C)Theyhavemixedfeelingsaboutfindingtheirnaturalparents.D)Theyarefullyawareoftheexpensesinvolvedinthesearch.29.A)Earlyadoptionmakesforcloserparent-childrelationship.B)Mostpeopleprefertoadoptchildrenfromoverseas.C)Understandingisthekeytosuccessfuladoption.D)Adoptionhasmuchtodowithlove.PassageTwoQuestions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.30.A)Hesufferedfrommentalillness.B)HeboughtTheWashingtonPost.C)Heturnedafailingnewspaperintoasuccess.D)Hewasonceareporterforamajornewspaper.31.A)ShewasthefirstwomantoleadabigU.S.publishingcompany.B)ShegotherfirstjobasateacherattheUniversityofChicago.C)Shecommittedsuicidebecauseofhermentaldisorder.D)Shetookoverherfather'spositionwhenhedied.32.A)Peoplecametoseetheroleofwomeninthebusinessworld.B)KatharineplayedamajorpartinreshapingAmericans'mind.C)AmericanmediawouldbequitedifferentwithoutKatharine.D)Katharinehadexertedanimportantinfluenceontheworld.nPassageThreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.33.A)It'llenablethemtoenjoythebestmedicalcare.B)It'llallowthemtoreceivefreemedicaltreatment.C)It'llprotectthemfrompossiblefinancialcrises.D)It'llpreventthedoctorsfromoverchargingthem.34.A)Theycan'timmediatelygetbackthemoneypaidfortheirmedicalcost.B)Theyhavetogothroughverycomplicatedapplicationprocedures.C)Theycanonlyvisitdoctorwhospeaktheirnativelanguages.D)Theymaynotbeabletoreceivetimelymedicaltreatment.35.A)Theydon'thavetopayforthemedicalservices.B)Theyneedn'tpaytheentiremedicalbillatonce.C)Theymustsendthereceiptstotheinsurancecompanypromptly.D)Theyhavetopayamuchhigherpricetogetaninsurancepolicy.SectionCMoreandmoreoftheworld'spopulationarelivingintownsorcities.Thespeedatwhichcitiesaregrowinginthelessdevelopedcountriesis(36)________.Between1920and1960bigcitiesindevelopedcountries(37)________twoandahalftimesinsize,butinotherpartsoftheworldthegrowthwaseighttimestheirsize.The(38)_________sizeofgrowthisbadenough,buttherearenowalsovery(39)_________signsoftroubleinthe(40)___________ofpercentagesofpeoplelivingintownsandpercentagesofpeopleworkinginindustry.Duringthenineteenthcenturycitiesgrewasaresultofthegrowthofindustry.InEuropethe(41)___________ofpeoplelivingincitieswasalwayssmallerthanthatofthe(42)__________workinginfactories.Now,however,the(43)____________isalmostalwaystrueinthenewlyindustrializedworld:(44)________.Withoutabaseofpeopleworkinginindustry,thesecitiescannotpayfortheirgrowth;(45)_____________.Therehasbeenlittleopportunitytobuildwatersuppliesorotherfacilities.(46)__________________agrowthinthenumberofhopelessanddespairingparentsandstarvingchildren.PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionAQuestion47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Aswarspreadstomanycornersoftheglobe,childrensadlyhavebeendrawnintothecenterofconflicts.InAfghanistan,Bosnia,andColombia,however,groupsofchildrenhavebeentakingpartinpeaceeducation47.Thechildren,afterlearningtoresolveconflicts,tookonthe48ofpeacemakers.TheChildren'sMovementforPeaceinColombiawasevennominated(提名)fortheNobelPeacePrizein1998.Groupsofchildren49aspeacemakersstudiedhumanrightsandpovertyissuesinColombia,eventuallyformingagroupwithfiveotherschoolsinBogotaknownasTheSchoolsofPeace.Theclassroom50opportunitiesforchildrentoreplaceangry,violentbehaviorswith51,peacefulones.Itisintheclassroomthatcaringandrespectforeachpersonempowerschildrentotakeastep52towardbecomingpeacemakers.Fortunately,neducatorshaveaccesstomanyonlineresourcesthatare53usefulwhenhelpingchildrenalongthepathtopeace.TheYoungPeacemakersCampaign.TheWorldCentersofCompassionforChildrenInternationalcallattentiontochildren'srightsandhowtohelpthe55ofwar.StartingaPeacemakers'Clubisapraiseworthyventureforaclassandonethatcouldspreadtootherclassroomsandideallyaffectthecultureofthe56school.A)actingB)assumingC)comprehensiveD)cooperativeE)entireF)especiallyG)forwardH)imagesI)informationJ)offersK)projectsL)respectivelyM)roleN)technologyO)victimsSectionBPassageOneQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Byalmostanymeasure,thereisaboominInternet-basedinstruction.Injustafewyears,34percentofAmericanuniversitieshavebegunofferingsomeformofdistancelearning(DL),andamongthelargerschools,it'scloserto90percent.Ifyoudoubtthepopularityofthetrend,youprobablyhaven'theardoftheUniversityofPhoenix.Itgrantsdegreesentirelyonthebasisofonlineinstruction.Itenrolls90,000students,astatisticusedtosupportitsclaimtobethelargestprivateuniversityinthecountry.Whilethekindsofinstructionofferedintheseprogramswilldiffer,DLusuallysignifiesacourseinwhichtheinstructorspostsyllabi(课程大纲),readingassignments,andschedulesonWebsites,andstudentssendintheirassignmentsbye-mail.Generallyspeaking,face-to-facecommunicationwithaninstructorisminimizedoreliminatedaltogether.Theattractionforstudentsmightatfirstseemobvious.Primarily,there'stheconveniencepromisedbycoursesontheNet:youcandothework,astheysay,inyourpajamas(睡衣).Butfiguresindicatethatthereducedeffortresultsinareducedcommitmenttothecourse.WhiledropoutratesforallfreshmenatAmericanuniversitiesisaround20percent,therateforonlinestudentsis35percent.Studentsthemselvesseemtounderstandtheweaknessesinherentinthesetup.InasurveyconductedforeCornell,theDLdivisionofCornellUniversity,lessthanathirdoftherespondentsexpectedthequalityoftheonlinecoursetobeasgoodastheclassroomcourse.Clearly,fromtheschools'perspective,there'salotofmoneytobesaved.Althoughsomeofthemoreambitiousprogramsrequirenewinvestmentsinseversandnetworkstosupportcollaborativesoftware,mostDLcoursescanrunonexistingorminimallyupgraded(升级)systems.Themorestudentswhoenrollinacoursebutdon'tcometocampus,themoretheschoolssavesonkeepingthelightsonintheclassrooms,payingdoorkeepers,andmaintainingparkinglots.And,whilethere'sevidencethatinstructorsmustworkhardertorunaDLcourseforavarietyofreasons,theywon'tbepaidanymore,andmightwellbepaidless.57.WhatisthemoststrikingfeatureoftheUniversityofPhoenixA)Allitscoursesareofferedonline.B)Itsonlinecoursesareofthebestquality.C)Itboaststhelargestnumberofstudentsonncampus.D)Anyonetakingitsonlinecoursesissuretogetadegree.58.Accordingtothepassage,distancelearningisbasicallycharacterizedby_________.A)aconsiderableflexibilityinitsacademicrequirementsB)thegreatdiversityofstudents'academicbackgroundsC)aminimumortotalabsenceofface-to-faceinstructionD)thecasualrelationshipbetweenstudentsandprofessors59.ManystudentstakeInternet-basedcoursesmainlybecausetheycan________.A)earntheiracademicdegreeswithmuchlesseffortB)saveagreatdealontravelingandboardingexpenseC)selectcoursesfromvariouscollegesanduniversitiesD)workontherequiredcourseswheneverandwherever60.Whataccountsforthehighdrop-outratesforonlinestudentsA)Thereisnostrictcontrolovertheacademicstandardsofthecourses.B)Theevaluationsystemusedbyonlineuniversitiesisinherentlyweak.C)Thereisnomechanismtoensurethattheymaketherequiredeffort.D)Lackofclassroominteractionreducestheeffectivenessofinstruction.61.Accordingtothepassage,universitiesshowgreatenthusiasmforDLprogramsforthepurposeof________.A)buildinguptheirreputationB)cuttingdownontheirexpensesC)upgradingtheirteachingfacilitiesD)providingconvenienceforstudentsPassageTwoQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.InthisageofInternetchat,videogamesandrealitytelevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.Yet,despitethecompetition,my8-year-olddaughterRebeccawantstospendherleisuretimewritingshortstories.Shewantstoenteroneofherstoriesintoawritingcontest,acompetitionshewonlastyear.AsawriterIknowaboutwinningcontests,andaboutlosingthem.Iknowwhatitisliketoworkhardonastorytoreceivearejectionslipfromthepublisher.Ialsoknowthepressuresoftryingtoliveuptoareputationcreatedbypreviousvictories.Whatifshedoesn'twinthecontestagainThat'sthestrangethingaboutbeingaparent.Somanyofourownpastscarsanddashedhopescansurface.Arevelation(启示)camelastweekwhenIaskedher,"Don'tyouwanttowinagain""No,"shereplied,"Ijustwanttotellthestoryofanangelgoingtofirstgrade."Ihadjustspentweekscorrectingherstoriesasshespontaneously(自发地)toldthem.TellingmyselfthatIwasmerelyanexperiencedwriterguidingtheyoungwriteracrossthehall.Iofferedsuggestionsfirstgradewasquickly"guided"bymeintothetaleofalittlegirlwithawildimaginationtakingherfirstmusiclesson.Ihadturnedhercontestintomycontestwithoutevenrealizingit.Stayingbackandgivingkidsspacetogrowisnotaseasyasitlooks.BecauseIknowlittleaboutfarmanimalswhousetoolsorangelswhogotofirstgrade.IhadtoacceptthefactthatIwasco-opting(借用)mydaughter'sexperience.Whilesteepingbackwasdifficultforme,itwascertainlyagoodfirststepthatIwillnquicklyfollowwithmoresteps,puttingmyselffarenoughawaytogiveherroombutcloseenoughtohelpifasked.AllthewhileIwillberemindingmyselfthatchildrenneedroomtoexperiment,growandfindtheirownvoices.62.WhatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraphA)Childrendofindlotsoffuninmanymindlessactivities.B)Rebeccaismuchtoooccupiedtoenjoyherleisuretime.C)Rebeccadrawsonalotofonlinematerialsforherwriting.D)Alotofdistractionscompeteforchildren'stimenowadays.63.WhatdidtheauthorsayaboutherownwritingexperienceA)Shedidnotquireliveuptoherreputationasawriter.B)Herwaytosuccesswasfullofpainsandfrustrations.C)Shewasconstantlyunderpressureofwritingmore.D)Mostofherstorieshadbeenrejectedbypublishers.64.WhydidRebeccawanttoenterthisyear'swritingcontestA)Shebelievedshepossessedrealtalentforwriting.B)Shewassureofwinningwithhermother'shelp.C)Shewantedtoshareherstorieswithreaders.D)Shehadwonaprizeinthepreviouscontest.65.Theauthortookgreatpainstorefineherdaughter'sstoriesbecause___________.A)shebelievedshehadtheknowledgeandexperiencetoofferguidance.B)shedidnotwanttodisappointRebeccawhoneededherhelpsomuchC)shewantedtohelpRebeccarealizeherdreamofbecomingawriterD)shewasafraidRebecca'simaginationmightrunwildwhilewriting66.What'stheauthor'sadviceforparentsA)Awritingcareer,thoughattractive,isnotforeverychildtopursuer.B)Childrenshouldbeallowedfreedomtogrowthroughexperience.C)Parentsshouldkeepaneyeontheactivitiestheirkidsengagein.D)Childrenshouldbegiveneverychancetovoicetheiropinions.PartIVCloze(15minutes)Onefactorthatcaninfluenceconsumersistheirmoodstate.Moodmaybedefined67atemporaryandmildpositiveornegativefeelingthatisgeneralizeandnottied68anyparticularcircumstance.Moodsshouldbe69formemotionswhichareusuallymoreintense,70tospecificcircumstances,andoftenconscious.71onesense,theeffectofaconsumer'smoodcanbethoughtofin72thesamewayascanourreactionstothe73ofourfriends---whenourfriendsarehappyand"up",thattendstoinfluenceuspositively,74whentheyare"down",thatcanhavea75impactonus.Similarly,consumersoperatingundera76moodstatetendtoreacttostimuli(刺激因素)inadirection77withthatmoodstate.Thus,forexample,weshouldexpecttosee78inapositivemoodstateevaluateproductsinmoreofa79mannerthantheywouldwhennotinsuchastate.80,moodstatesappearcapableof81aconsumer'smemory.Moodsappeartobe82influencedbymarketingtechniques.Forexample,therhythm,pitch,and83ofmusichasbeenshowntoinfluencebehaviorsuchasthe84oftimespentinsupermarketsor85topurchaseproducts.Inaddition,advertisingcaninfluenceconsumers'moodswhich,in86,arecapableofinfluencingconsumers'nreactionstoproducts.67.A)asB)aboutC)byD)with68.A)overB)underC)toD)up69.A)derivedB)descendedC)dividedD)distinguished70.A)relatedB)referredC)attachedD)associated71.A)OnB)InC)OfD)By72.A)thusB)muchC)evenD)still73.A)signalB)gestureC)viewD)behavior74.A)forB)butC)unlessD)provided75.A)relativeB)decisiveC)negativeD)sensitive76.A)givenB)grantedC)fixedD)driven77.A)resistantB)persistentC)insistentD)consistent78.A)consumersB)businessmenC)seriousD)manufacturers79.A)casualB)criticalC)seriousD)favorable80.A)HoweverB)OtherwiseC)MoreoverD)Nevertheless81.A)liftingB)enhancingC)raisingD)cultivating82.A)readilyB)rarelyC)cautiouslyD)currently83.A)stepB)speedC)bandD)volume84.A)extentB)amountC)scopeD)range85.A)facilitiesB)capacitiesC)reflectionsD)intentions86.A)turnB)totalC)detailD)depthPartVITranslation(5minutes)87.________________(多亏了一系列的新发明),doctorscantreatthisdiseasesuccessfully.88.Inmysixties,onechangeInoticeisthat_________________(我比以前更容易累了).89.Iamgoingtopursuethiscourse,____________________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).90.Iwouldprefershoppingonlinetoshoppinginadepartmentstorebecause__________(它更加方便和省时).91.ManyAmericansliveoncredit,andtheirqualityoflife____________________(是用他们能够借到多少衡量的),nothowmuchtheycanearn.参考答案快速阅读1-5DCBDA6-7CB8.changesinthevisaprocess9.taketheirknowledgeandskillsbackhome10.strengthenthenation听力原文:听力答案:11-15CDBAD16-20BDCAC21-25BACAD26-30ABCDB31-35ADCAB36alarming37increased38sheer39disturbingn40comparison41proportion42workforce43reverse44.Thepercentageofpeoplelivingcitiesismuchhigherthanthepercentageworkinginindustry.45.Thereisnotenoughmoneytobuildadequatehousesforthepeoplethatlivethere,letalonethenewarrivals.46.Sothefiguresforthegrowthoftownsandcitiesrepresentproportionalgrowthofunemploymentandunderemployment.47-56KMAJDGFIOE阅读57-61ACDCB62-66DBCAB67-71ACDAC72-76BDBCA77-81DADCB82-86ADBDA翻译87.Thanksfor/Duetoseriesofnewinventions88.Ifeel/gettiredmoreeasilythanbefore89.nomatterwhatsacrificeIamgoingtomake/whateversacrificeIwillmake/nomatterhowmuchIwouldsacrifice90.it/theformerismoreconvenientandtimesaving91.ismeasuredbyhowmuchtheycanborrowSectionAConversationsShortConversations11.W:IranintoSallytheotherday.Icouldhardlyrecognizeher.DoyourememberherfromhighschoolM:Yeah,shewasalittleoutofshapebackthen.Well,hasshelostalotofweightQ:WhatdoesthemanrememberofSally12.W:Wedon'tseemtohaveareservationforyou,sir.I'msorry.M:Butmysecretarysaidthatshehadreservedaroomformehere.IphonedherfromtheairportthismorningjustbeforeIgotonboardtheplane.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace13.W:WhatwouldyoudoifyouwereinmyplaceM:IfPaulweremyson,I'djustnotworry.Nowthathisteacherisgivinghimextrahelpandhe'sworkinghardhimself,he'ssuretodowellinthenextexam.Q:What'stheman'ssuggestiontothewoman14.M:You'vehadyourhandsfullandhavebeenoverworkedduringthelasttwoweeks.Ithinkyoureallyneedtogooutandgetsomefreshairandsunshine.W:Youareright.That'sjustwhatI'mthinkingabout.Q:Whatisthewomanmostprobablygoingtodo15.W:Hello,John.HowareyoufeelingnowIhearyou'vebeenill.M:TheymusthaveconfusedmewithmytwinbrotherRods.He'sbeensickallweek,butI'veneverfeltbetterinmylife.Q:Whatdowelearnabouttheman16.M:DidyoureallygiveawayallyourfurniturewhenyoumovedintothenewhouselastmonthW:Justtheuselesspieces,asI'mplanningtopurchaseanewsetfromItalyforthensittingroomonly.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean17.M:I'vebroughtbackyourOxfordCompaniontoEnglishLiterature.Ithoughtyoumightuseitforyourpaper.Sorrynottohavereturneditearlier.W:Iwaswonderingwherethatbookwas.Q:Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation18.W:Totellthetruth,Tony,itneveroccurstomethatyouareanathlete.M:Oh,reallyMostpeoplewhomeetme,includingsomefriendsofmine,don'tthinksoeither.Q:WhatdowelearnfromtheconversationLongConversationsConversation1M:Mary,Ihopeyou'repackedandreadytoleave.W:Yes,I'mpacked,butnotquiteready.Ican'tfindmypassport.M:YourpassportThat'stheonethingyoumustn'tleavebehind.W:Iknow.Ihaven'tlostit.I'vepackedit,butIcan'trememberwhichbagit'sin.M:Well,youhavetofinditattheairport.Comeon,thetaxiiswaiting.W:DidyousaytaxiIthoughtweweregoinginyourcar.M:Yes,well,Ihaveplannedto,butI'llexplainlater.You'vegottobethereinanhour.W:Theplanedoesn'tleavefortwohours.Anyway,I'mreadytogonow.M:Now,you'retakingjustonecase,isthatrightW:No,thereisoneinthehallaswell.M:Gosh,whatalotofstuff!You'retakingenoughforamonthinsteadofaweek.W:Well,youcan'tdependontheweather.Itmightbecold.M:It'snevercoldinRome.CertainlynotinMay.Comeon,wereallymustgo.W:Right,we'reready.We'vegotthebags,I'msurethere'snoneedtorush.M:Thereis.Iaskedthetaxidrivertowaittwominutes,nottwenty.W:Look,I'msupposedtobegoingawaytorelax.You'remakingmenervous.M:Well,Iwantyoutorelaxonholiday,butyoucan'trelaxyet.W:OK,Ipromisenottorelax,atleastnotuntilwegettotheairportandIfindmypassport.Questions19-22arebasedontheconversatoinyouhavejustheard.Q19:WhatdoesthewomansayaboutherpassportQ20:Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman'stripQ21:WhydoesthemanurgethewomantohurryQ22:WheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplaceConversation2W:Oh,I'mfedupwithmyjob.M:Hey,there'saperfectjobforyouinthepapertoday.Youmightbeinterested.W:Oh,whatisitWhatdotheywantM:Waitaminute.Uh,hereitis.TheEuropeanSpaceAgencyisrecruitingtranslators.W:TheEuropeanSpaceAgencyM:Well,that'swhatitsays.TheyneedanEnglishtranslatortoworkfromFrenchornGerman.W:SotheyneedadegreeinFrenchorGerman,Isuppose.Well,I'vegotthat.What'smore,Ihaveplentyofexperience.WhatelsearetheyaskingforM:Justthat.Auniversitydegreeandthreeorfouryearsofexperienceasatranslatorinaprofessionalenvironment.Theyalsosaythepersonshouldhavealivelyandinquiringmind,effectivecommunicationskillsandtheabilitytoworkindividuallyorasapartoftheteam.W:Well,ifIstayatmypresentjobmuchlonger,Iwon'thaveanymindorskillsleft.Bytheway,whataboutsalaryIjusthopeitisn'tlowerthanwhatIgetnow.M:It'ssaidtobenegotiable.Itdependsontheapplicant'seducationandexperience.Inadditiontobasicsalary,there'salistofextrabenefits.Havealookyourself.W:Hm,travelandsocialsecurityplusrelocationexpensesarepaid.Hey,thisisn'tbad.Ireallywantthejob.Questions23-25arebasedontheconversatoinyouhavejustheard.Q23:WhyisthewomantryingtofindanewjobQ24:WhatpositionisbeingadvertisedinthepaperQ25:WhatarethekeyfactorsthatdeterminethesalaryofthenewpositionSectionBShortPassagesPassage1Whencouplesgetmarried,theyusuallyplantohavechildren.Sometimes,however,acouplecannothaveachildoftheirown.Inthiscase,theymaydecidetoadoptachild.Infact,adoptionisverycommontoday.Thereareabout60thousandadoptionseachyearintheUnitedStatesalone.Somepeopleprefertoadoptinfants,othersadoptolderchildren,somecouplesadoptchildrenfromtheirowncountries,othersadoptchildrenfromforeigncountries.Inanycase,theyalladoptchildrenforthesamereason----theycareaboutchildrenandwanttogivetheiradoptedchildahappylife.Mostadoptedchildrenknowthattheyareadopted.Psychologistsandchild-careexpertsgenerallythinkthisisagoodidea.However,manyadoptedchildrenoradopteeshaveverylittleinformationabouttheirbiologicalparents.Asamatteroffact,itisoftenverydifficultforadopteestofindoutabouttheirbirthparentsbecausethebirthrecordsofmostadopteesareusuallysealed.Theinformationissecretsonoonecanseeit.Naturally,adoptedchildrenhavedifferentfeelingsabouttheirbirthparents.Manyadopteeswanttosearchforthem,butothersdonot.Thedecisiontosearchforbirthparentsisadifficultonetomake.Mostadopteeshavemixedfeelingsaboutfindingtheirbiologicalparents.Eventhoughadopteesdonotknowabouttheirnaturalparents,theydoknowthattheiradoptedparentswantthem,lovethemandwillcareforthem.Questions26-29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.26.Accordingtothespeaker,whydosomecouplesadoptchildren27.Whyisitdifficultforadopteestofindoutabouttheirbirthparents28.Whydomanyadopteesfindithardtomakethedecisiontosearchfortheirbirthparents29.WhatcanweinferfromthepassagePassage2KatherineGramgraduatedfromUniversityofChicagoin1938andgotajobasannewsreporterinSanFrancisco.Katherine'sfatherusedtobeasuccessfulinvestmentbanker.In1933,heboughtafailingnewspaper,theWashingtonPost.ThenKatherinereturnedtoWashingtonandgotajob,editinglettersinherfather'snewspaper.ShemarriedPhilipGram,whotookoverhisfather-in-law'spositionshortlyafterandbecamepublisheroftheWashingtonPost.Butformanyyears,herhusbandsufferedfrommentalillnessandhekilledhimselfin1963.Afterherhusband'sdeath,Katherineoperatedthenewspaper.Inthe1970s,thenewspaperbecamefamousaroundtheworldandKatherinewasalsorecognizedasanimportantleaderinnewspaperpublishing.ShewasthefirstwomantoheadamajorAmericanpublishingcompany,theWashingtonPostcompany.Inafewyears,shesuccessfullyexpandedthecompanytoincludenewspaper,magazine,broadcastandcablecompanies.Shediedofheadinjuriesafterafallwhenshewas84.Morethan3thousandpeopleattendedherfuneralincludingmanygovernmentandbusinessleaders.HerfriendssaidshewouldberememberedasawomanwhohadanimportantinfluenceoneventsintheUnitedStatesandtheworld.Katherineoncewrote,"Theworldwithoutnewspaperswouldnotbethesamekindofworld".Afterherdeath,theemployeesoftheWashingtonPostwrote,"TheworldwithoutKatherinewouldnotbethesameatall."Questions30-32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.30.WhatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutKatherine'sfather31.WhatdoesthespeakertellusaboutKatherineGram32.WhatdoesthecommentbyemployeesoftheWashingtonPostsuggestPassage3Obtaininggoodhealthinsuranceisarealnecessitywhileyouarestudyingoverseas.Itprotectsyoufromminorandmajormedicalexpensesthatcanwipeoutnotonlyyoursavingsbutyourdreamsofaneducationabroad.Thereareoftentwodifferenttypesofhealthinsuranceyoucanconsiderbuying,internationaltravelinsuranceandstudentinsuranceinthecountrywhereyouwillbegoing.Aninternationaltravelinsurancepolicyisusuallypurchasedinyourhomecountrybeforeyougoabroad.Itgenerallycoversawidevarietyofmedicalservicesandyouareoftengivenalistofdoctorsintheareawhereyouwilltravelwhomayevenspeakyournativelanguage.Thedrawbackmightbethatyoumaynotgetyourmoneybackimmediately,inotherwords,youmayhavetopayallyoumedicalexpensesandthenlatersubmityourreceiptstotheinsurancecompany.Ontheotherhand,gettingstudentheathinsuranceinthecountrywhereyouwillstudymightallowyoutoonlypayacertainpercentageofthemedicalcostatthetimeofserviceandthusyoudon'thavetohavesufficientcashtopaytheentirebillatonce.Whateveryoudecide,obtainingsomeformofhealthinsuranceissomethingyoushouldconsiderbeforeyougooverseas.Youshouldn'twaituntilyouaresickwithmajormedicalbillstopayoff.Questions33-35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.33.Whydoesthespeakeradviceoverseasstudentstobuyhealthinsurance34.Whatisthedrawbackofstudentsbuyinginternationaltravelinsurancen35.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutstudentsgettinghealthinsuranceinthecountrywheretheywillstudySectionCCompoundDictationMoreandmoreoftheworld'spopulationarelivingintownsorcities.Thespeedatwhichcitiesaregrowinginthelessdevelopedcountriesisalarming.Between1920and1960,bigcitiesindevelopedcountriesincreasedtwoandahalftimesinsize,butinotherpartsoftheworldthegrowthwaseighttimestheirsize.Thesheersizeofgrowthisbadenough,buttherearenowalsoverydisturbingsignsoftroubleinthecomparisonofpercentagesofpeoplelivingintownsandpercentagesofpeopleworkinginindustry.Duringthe19thcentury,citiesgrewasaresultofthegrowthofindustry.InEurope,theproportionofpeoplelivingincitieswasalwayssmallerthanthatoftheworkforceworkinginfactories.Now,however,thereverseisalmostalwaystrueinthenewlyindustrializedworld.Thepercentageofpeoplelivingincitiesismuchhigherthanthepercentageworkinginindustry.Withoutabaseofpeopleworkinginindustry,thesecitiescannotpayfortheirgrowth.Thereisnotenoughmoneytobuildadequatehousesforthepeoplethatlivethere,letalonethenewarrivals.Therehasbeenlittleopportunitytobuildwatersuppliesorotherfacilities.Sothefiguresforthegrowthoftownsandcitiesrepresentproportionalgrowthofunemploymentandunderemployment,agrowthinthenumberofhopelessanddespairingparentsandstarvingchildren.答案：听力　　11.C)Shewassomewhatoverweight　　12.D)Atahotelreception　　13.B)Havingconfidenceinherson　　14.A)Haveashortbreak　　15.D)Hehasbeeninperfectcondition　　16.B)Shestillkeepssomeoldfurnitureinhernewhouse　　17.D)Thewomanforgotlendingthebooktotheman　　18.C)Themandoesn'tlooklikeasportsman　　19.A)Shehaspackeditinoneofherbags.　　20.C)Itwilllastoneweek.　　21.B)Thetaxiiswaitingforthem.n　　22.A)Athome.　　23.C)Sheistiredofherpresentwork.　　24.A)Translator.　　25.D)Educationandexperience.　　26.A)Theycarealotaboutchildren.　　27.B)Theirbirthinformationisusuallykeptsecret.　　28.C)Theyhavemixedfeelingsaboutfindingtheirnaturalparents.　　29.D)Adoptionhasmuchtodowithlove.　　30.B)HeboughtTheWashingtonPost.　　31.A)ShewasthefirstwomantoleadabigU.Spublishingcompany.　　32.D)Katharinehadexertedanimportantinfluenceontheworld.　　33.C)It'llprotectthemfrompossiblefinancialcrises.　　34.A)Theycan'timmediatelygetbackthemoneypaidfortheirmedicalcost.　　35.B)Theyneedn'tpaytheentiremedicalbillatonce.　　36.alarming.　　37.increased　　38.sheer　　39.disturbing　　40.comparison　　41.proportion　　42.workforce　　43.reversen　　44.Thepercentageofpeoplelivingincitiesismuchhigherthanthepercentageworkinginindustry.　　45.Thereisnotenoughmoneytobuildadequatehousesforthepeoplethatlivethere,letalonethenewarrivals.　　46.Sothefiguresforthegrowthoftownsandcitiesrepresentproportionalgrowthofunemploymentandunderemployment07，12听力原文SectionAConversations　　ShortConversations　　11.W:IranintoSallytheotherday.Icouldhardlyrecognizeher.Doyourememberherfromhighschool?　　M:Yeah,shewasalittleoutofshapebackthen.Well,hasshelostalotofweight?　　Q:WhatdoesthemanrememberofSally?　　12.W:Wedon’tseemtohaveareservationforyou,sir?I’msorry.　　M:Butmysecretarysaidthatshehadreservedaroomformehere.IphonedherfromtheairportthismorningjustbeforeIgotonboardtheplane.　　Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?　　13.W:Whatwouldyoudoifyouwereinmyplace?　　M:IfPaulweremyson,I’djustnotworry.Nowthathisteacherisgivinghimextrahelpandheisworkinghardhimself,he’ssuretodowellinthenextexam.　　Q:What’stheman’ssuggestiontothewoman?　　14.M:You’vehadyourhandsfullandhavebeenoverworkedduringthelasttwoweeks.Ithinkyoureallyneedtogooutandgetsomefreshairandsunshine.　　W:Youareright.That’sjustwhatI’mthinkingabout.　　Q:What’sthewomanmostprobablygoingtodo?　　15.W:Hello,John.Howareyoufeelingnow?Ihearyou’vebeenill.　　M:TheymusthaveconfusedmewithmytwinbrotherRod.He’sbeensickallweek,butI’veneverfeltbetterinmylife.　　Q:Whatdowelearnabouttheman?　　16.M:Didyoureallygiveawayallyourfurniturewhenyoumovedintothenewhouselastmonth?　　W:Justtheuselesspieces,asI’mplanningtopurchaseanewsetfromItalyforthesittingroomonly.　　Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?　　17.M:I’vebroughtbackyourOxfordCompaniontoEnglishliterature.Ithoughtyoumightuseitforyourpaper.Sorrynottohavereturneditearlier.　　W:Iwaswonderingwherethatbookwas.n　　Q:Whatcanweinferfromthatconversation?　　18.W:Totellthetruth,Tony,itneveroccurstomethatyouareanathlete.　　M:Oh,really?Mostpeoplewhomeetme,includingsomefriendsofmine,don’tthinksoeither.　　Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?　　LongConversations　　Conversation1　　M:Mary,Ihopeyouarepackedandreadytoleave.　　W:Yes,I’mpacked,butnotquiteready.Ican’tfindmypassport.　　M:Yourpassport?That’stheonethingyoumustn’tleavebehind.　　W:Iknow.Ihaven’tlostit.I’vepackedit,butIcan’trememberwhichbagit’sin.　　M:Well,youhavetofinditattheairport.Comeon,thetaxiiswaiting.　　W:Didyousaytaxi?Ithoughtweweregoinginyourcar.　　M:Yes,well,Ihaveplannedto,butI’llexplainlater.You’vegottobethereinanhour.　　W:Theplanedoesn’tleavefortwohours.Anyway,I’mreadytogonow.　　M:Well,nowyouaretakingjustonecase,isthatright?　　W:No,thereisoneinthehallaswell.　　M:Gosh,whatalotofstuff!Youaretakingenoughforamonthinsteadofaweek.　　W:Well,youcan’tdependontheweather.Itmightbecold.　　M:It’snevercoldinRome.CertainlynotinMay.Comeon,wereallymustgo.　　W:Right,weareready.We’vegotthebags,I’msurethereisnoneedtorush.　　M:Thereis.Iaskedthetaxidrivertowaittwominutes,nottwenty.　　W:Look,I’msupposedtobegoingawaytorelax.Youaremakingmenervous.　　M:Well,Iwantyoutorelaxonholidays,butyoucan’trelaxyet.　　W:OK,Ipromisenottorelax,atleastnotuntilwegettotheairportandIfindmypassport.　　Q19:Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherpassport?　　Q20:Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’strip?　　Q21:Whydoesthemanurgethewomantohurry?　　Q22:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?Conversation2　　W:Oh,I’mfedupwithmyjob.　　M:Hey,thereisaperfectjobforinthepapertoday.Youmightbeinterested.　　W:Oh,whatisit?Whatdotheywant?　　M:Waitaminute.Eh,hereitis.TheEuropeanSpaceAgencyisrecruitingtranslators.　　W:TheEuropeanSpaceAgency?　　M:Well,that’swhatitsays.TheyneedanEnglishtranslatortoworkfromFrenchorGerman.　　W:SotheyneedadegreeinFrenchorGerman,Isuppose.Well,I’vegotthat.nWhat’smore,Ihaveplentyofexperience.Whatelsearetheyaskingfor?　　M:Justthat.Auniversitydegreeandthreeorfouryearsofexperienceasatranslatorinaprofessionalenvironment.Theyalsosaythepersonshouldhavealivelyandenquiringmind,effectivecommunicationskillsandtheabilitytoworkindividuallyorasapartoftheteam.　　W:Well,ifIstayatmypresentjobmuchlonger,Iwon’thaveanymindorskillsleft.Bytheway,whataboutsalary?Ijusthopeitisn’tlowerthanwhatIgetnow.　　M:It’ssaidtobenegotiable.Itdependsontheapplicant’seducationandexperience.Inadditiontobasicsalary,thereisalistofextrabenefits.Havealookyourself.　　W:Hm,travelandsocialsecurityplusrelocationexpensesarepaid.Hey,thisisn’tbad.Ireallywantthejob.　　Q23:Whyisthewomantryingtofindanewjob?　　Q24:Whatpositionisbeingadvertisedinthepaper?　　Q25:Whatarethekeyfactorsthatdeterminethesalaryofthenewposition?　　SectionBShortPassages　　　　Passage1　　Whencouplesgetmarried,theyusuallyplantohavechildren.Sometimes,however,acouplecannothaveachildoftheirown.Inthiscase,theymaydecidetoadoptachild.Infact,adoptionisverycommontoday.Thereareabout60thousandadoptionseachyearintheUSalone.Somepeopleprefertoadoptinfants,otherstoadoptolderchildren,somecouplesadoptchildrenfromtheirowncountries,othersadoptchildrenfromforeigncountries.Inanycase,theyalladoptchildrenforthesamereason----theycareaboutchildrenandwanttogivetheiradoptedchildahappylife.　　Mostadoptedchildrenknowthattheyareadopted.Psychologistsandchild-careexpertsgenerallythinkthisisagoodidea.However,manyadoptedchildrenoradopteeshaveverylittleinformationabouttheirbiologicalparents.Asamatteroffact,itisoftenverydifficultforadopteestofindoutabouttheirbirthparentsbecausethebirthrecordsofmostadopteesareusuallysealed.Theinformationissecretsonoonecanseeit.Naturally,adoptedchildrenhavedifferentfeelingsabouttheirbirthparents.Manyadopteeswanttosearchforthem,butothersdonot.Thedecisiontosearchforbirthparentsisadifficultonetomake.Mostadopteeshavemixedfeelingsaboutfindingtheirbiologicalparents.Eventhoughadopteesdonotknowabouttheirnaturalparents,theydoknowthattheiradoptedparentswantthem,lovethemandwillcareforthem.　　Questions26-29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.　　26.Accordingtothespeaker,whydosomecouplesadoptchildren?　　27.Whyisitdifficultforadopteestofindoutabouttheirbirthparents?　　28.Whydomanyadopteesfindithardtomakethedecisiontosearchfortheirbirthparents?　　29.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?　　n　　Passage2　　CatherineGramgraduatedfromtheUniversityofChicagoin1938andgotajobasanewsreporterinSanFrancisco.Catherine’sfatherusedtobeasuccessfulinvestmentbanker.In1933,heboughtafailingnewspaper,theWashingtonPost.　　ThenCatherinereturnedtoWashingtonandgotajob,editinglettersinherfather’snewspaper.ShemarriedPhilipGram,whotookoverhisfather-in-law’spositionshortlyafterandbecamea/publisheroftheWashingtonPost.Butformanyyears,herhusbandsufferedfrommentalillnessandhekilledhimselfin1963.Afterherhusband’sdeath,Catherineoperatedthenewspaper.Inthe1970s,thenewspaperbecamefamousaroundtheworldandCatherinewasalsorecognizedasanimportantleaderinnewspaper/publishing.ShewasthefirstwomantoheadamajorAmerican/publishingcompany,theWashingtonPostcompany.Inafewyears,shesuccessfullyexpandedthecompanytoincludenewspaper,magazine,broadcastandcablecompanies.　　Shediedofheadinjuriesafterafallwhenshewas84.Morethan3thousandpeopleattendedherfuneralincludingmanygovernmentandbusinessleaders.HerfriendssaidshewouldberememberedasawomanwhohadanimportantinfluenceoneventsintheUnitedStatesandtheworld.Catherineoncewrote,“Theworldwithoutnewspaperswouldnotbethesamekindofworld”.Afterherdeath,theemployeesoftheWashingtonPostwrote,“TheworldwithoutCatherinewouldnotbethesameatall.”　　Questions30-32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.　　30.WhatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutCatherine’sfather?　　31.WhatdoesthespeakertellusaboutCatherineGram?　　32.WhatdoesthecommentbyemployeesoftheWashingtonPostsuggest?　　　　Passage3　　Obtaininggoodhealthinsuranceisarealnecessitywhileyouarestudyingoverseas.Itprotectsyoufromminorandmajormedicalexpensesthatcanwipeoutnotonlyyoursavingsbutyourdreamsofaneducationabroad.Thereareoftentwodifferenttypesofhealthinsuranceyoucanconsiderbuying,internationaltravelinsuranceandstudentinsuranceinthecountrywhereyouwillbegoing.　　Aninternationaltravelinsurancepolicyisusuallypurchasedinyourhomecountrybeforeyougoabroad.Itgenerallycoversawidevarietyofmedicalservicesandyouareoftengivenalistofdoctorsintheareawhereyouwilltravelwhomayevenspeakyournativelanguage.Thedrawbackmightbethatyoumaynotgetyourmoneybackimmediately,inotherwords,youmayhavetopayallyoumedicalexpensesandthenlatersubmityourreceipttotheinsurancecompany.　　Ontheotherhand,gettingstudentheathinsuranceinthecountrywhereyouwillstudymightallowyoutoonlypayacertainpercentageofthemedicalcostatthetimeoftheserviceandthusyoudon’thavetohavesufficientcashtopaytheentirebillatonce.Whateveryoudecide,obtainingsomeformofhealthinsuranceissomethingyoushouldconsiderbeforeyougooverseas.Youshouldn’twaituntilyouaresickwithamajormedicalbillstopaynoff.　　Questions33-35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.　　33.Whydoesthespeakeradvicetheoverseasstudentstobuyhealthinsurance?　　34.Whatisthedrawbackofthestudentsbuyinginternationaltravelinsurance?　　35.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutstudentsgettinghealthinsuranceinthecountrywheretheywillstudy?　　SectionCCompoundDictation　　Moreandmoreoftheworld’spopulationarelivingintownsorcities.Thespeedatwhichcitiesaregrowinginthelessdevelopedcountriesisalarming.Between1920and1960,bigcitiesindevelopedcountriesincreasedtwoandahalftimesinsize,butinotherpartsoftheworldthegrowthwaseighttimestheirsize.Thesheersizeofgrowthisbadenough,buttherearenowalsoverydisturbingsignsoftroubleinthecomparisonofpercentagesofpeoplelivingintownsandpercentagesofpeopleworkinginindustry.Duringthe19thcentury,citiesgrewasaresultofthegrowthofindustry.InEurope,theproportionofpeoplelivingincitieswasalwayssmallerthanthatoftheworkforceworkinginfactories.Now,however,thereverseisalmostalwaystrueinthenewlyindustrializedworld.Thepercentageofpeoplelivingincitiesismuchhigherthanthepercentageworkinginindustry.Withoutabaseofpeopleworkinginindustry,thesecitiescannotpayfortheirgrowth.Thereisnotenoughmoneytobuildadequatehousesforthepeoplethatlivethere,letalonethenewarrivals.Therehasbeenlittleopportunitytobuildwatersuppliesorotherfacilities.Sothefiguresforthegrowthoftownsandcitiesrepresentproportionalgrowthofunemploymentandunderemployment,agrowthinthenumberofhopelessanddespairingparentsandstarvingchildren.