英语第三册翻译答案

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英语第三册翻译答案

新标准第三册课后翻译答案Unit1Discoveringyourself1.Weallsensedwewerecomingtotheendofourstayhere,thatwewouldnevergetachancelikethisagain,andwebecomedeterminednottowasteit.MostimportantofcoursewerethefinalexamsinAprilandMayinthefollowingyear.Noonewantedthehumiliationoffinishinglastinclass,sothepeergrouppressuretoworkhardwasstrong.Librarieswhichwereonceemptyafterfiveo’clockintheearlyhoursofthemorning,andguysworethebagsundertheireyesandtheirpale,sleepyfaceswithpride,likemedalsprovingtheirdiligence.我们都觉得在校时间不多了,以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了,所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。当然,下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一,那也太丢人了,因此,同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。以前每天下午五点以后,图书馆就空无一人了,现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座,小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋,他们脸色苍白,睡眼惺忪,却很自豪,好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。2.Tomorrow?It’sallalie;thereisn’tatomorrow.There’sonlyapromissorynotethatweareoftennotinapositiontocash.Itdosen’tevenexist.Whenyouwakeupinthemorning,it’llbetodayagainandallthesameruleswillapply.Tomorrowisjustanotherversionofnow,anemptyfieldthatwillremainsounlesswestartplantingsomeseeds.Yourtime,whichistickingawayaswespeak(atabout60secondsaminutechronologically;abitfasterifyoudon’tinvestyourtimewisely),willbegoneandyou’llhavenothingtoshowforitbutregretandarear-viewmirrortoshowforitbutregretandarear-viewmirrorfullof“couldhaves”,”shouldhaves”and“wouldhaves”.明天行吗?明天只是个谎言;根本就没有什么明天,只有一张我们常常无法兑现的期票。明天甚至压根儿就不存在。你早上醒来时又是另一个今天了,同样的规则又可以全部套用。明天只是现在的,另一种说法,是一块空地,除非我们开始在那里播种,否则它永远都是空地。你的时间会流逝(时间就在我们说话的当下嘀嗒嘀塔地走着,每分钟顺时针走60秒,如果你不能很好地利用它,它会走得更快些),而你没有取得任何成就来证明它的存在,唯独留下遗憾,留下一面后视镜,上面写满了“本可以做”、“本应该做”、“本来会做”的事情。7TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1对于是否应该在大学期间详细规划自己的未来,学生们意见不一。有的人认为对未来应该有一个明确的目标和详细的计划,为日后可能遇到的挑战做好充分的准备;有的人则认为不用过多考虑未来,因为未来难以预料。(mapout;braceoneselffor;uncertainty)Studentsdifferaboutwhethertheyshouldhavetheirfuturemappedoutwhentheyarestillatuniversity.Somethinktheyshouldhaveadefinitegoalanddetailedplan,soastobracethemselvesforanychallenges,whereassomeothersthinktheydon’thavetothinkmuchaboutthefuture,becausefutureisfullofuncertainties.2经过仔细检查,这位科学家得知自己患了绝症。虽然知道自己将不久于人世,他并没有抱怨命运的不公,而是准备好好利用剩下的日子,争取加速推进由他和同事们共同发起的那个研究项目,以提前结项。(tickaway;makethebestof;haveashotat)Afteraverycarefulcheck-up,thescientistwastoldhehadgotafataldisease.Althoughheknewthathislifewastickingaway,insteadofcomplainingaboutthefate,thescientistdecidedtomakethebestoftheremainingdays,andspeeduptheresearchprojectheandhiscolleaguesinitiated,andhaveashotatcompletingitaheadofschedule.nUnit2Childhoodmemories41.MyflyingdreamswerebelievableasalandscapebyDali,sorealthatIwouldawakewithasuddenshock,abreathlesssenseofhavingtumbledlikeIcarusfromtheskyandcaughtmyselfonthesoftbedjustintime.ThesenightlyadventuresinspacebeganwhenSupermanstartedinvadingmydreamsandteachingmehowtofly.Heusedtocomeroaringbyinhisshiningbluesuitwithhiscapewhistlinginthewind,lookingremarkablylikemyUncleFrankwhowaslivingwithmotherandme.InthemagicwhirlingofhiscapeIcouldhearthewingsofahundredseagulls,themotorsofathousandplanes.我的飞行梦像达利的风景画那么真实可信,以致于自己常常会在一阵惊吓中醒来,好像伊卡罗斯那样从空中摔下来,虽然发现自己刚好掉到软软的床上,但也被吓得喘不过气来。当超人开始侵入我的梦乡,并教给我飞行的技巧之后,我每夜的太空冒险便开始了。超人身着耀眼的蓝色衣服,肩披随风飕飕作响的斗篷,经常从我身边呼啸而过。他长得太像我的舅舅弗兰克了,舅舅那会儿正跟妈妈和我住在一起。当超人的斗篷神奇地旋转时,我好像能听见上百只海鸥的振翅声,上千架飞机的马达轰鸣声。2Incontrast,childrenonthePacificislandofTonga,studiedbyHelenMorton,areregularlybeatenbytheirparentsandoldersiblings.Theyareseenasbeingclosertomadpeoplethanadultsbecausetheylackthehighlyprizedqualityofsocialcompetence(orpotoastheTonganscallit).Theyareregularlytoldoffforbeingclumsyandachildwhofallsovermaybelaughedat,shoutedat,orbeaten.Childrenarethoughtofasmischievous;theycryorwanttofeedsimplybecausetheyarenaughty,andbeatingsareattheirmostseverebetweentheagesofthreeandfivewhenchildrenareseenasparticularlywilful.Parentsbelievethatsocialcompetencecanonlybeachievedthroughdisciplineandphysicalpunishment,andtreattheirchildreninwaysthathaveseemedveryharshtooutsiders.(这段话里有多处被动用法,有些译成中文时仍保留被动态,有些则应该变成主动,否则译文就不通顺。)相反,根据海伦·莫顿的研究,太平洋岛国汤加的儿童经常挨父母和哥哥姐姐的打。人们认为儿童和成年人相比更像疯子,因为他们缺乏被大家看重的社会能力(汤加人称之为poto)。小孩子经常因为笨手笨脚而挨骂,他们连摔跤都会被嘲笑、呵斥,甚至被打。人们认为儿童很顽皮,都是因为淘气他们才哭闹,或者要东西吃。在大人看来,三至五岁的儿童尤其任性,因此他们打这个年龄段的孩子也打得最狠。父母们相信,只有靠训导和体罚才能使孩子获得社会能力,所以他们用一种在外人看来非常严厉的方式对待孩子。5TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1在火车站上,有一位老人给我讲述了他参加解放战争的经历,那些战斗故事对我有着极大的吸引力。后来他上了车,列车从我身边隆隆地开走了。可那些故事仍然是那么清晰可见,对于英雄们的壮举,我钦佩不已。(fascination;roar;marvelat)Attherailwaystation,anoldmantoldmehisexperienceintheLiberationWar,thefightingstoriesofwhichwereofgreatfascinationtome.Thenhegotuponthetrainanditroaredpastme.ButthestoriesweresorealanddefinitethatIgreatlymarvelledatthecourageousdeedsofthosewarheroes.2行之有效的环保政策不仅能创造良好的生态环境,还能大大降低能源消耗。回顾这个地区近年来的发展情况,我们惊喜地发现地区政府强制实行的环保政策不但没有受到任何批评,还促使居民增强了环保意识,尽其所能节约能源。(consumption;impose;takeexceptionto;prompt)Effectiveenvironmentalpolicymightbringaboutagoodenvironment,aswellasreducingenergynconsumption.Lookingbackontherecentdevelopmentofthisregion,wefind,toourpleasantsurprise,thatlittleexceptionhasbeentakentotheenvironmentalpolicyofthelocalgovernment,andthepolicyhasalsoraisedtheenvironmentalawarenessofthelocalresidentsandpromptedthemtosaveenergyaspossibleastheycould.Unit3Artforart’ssake6TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1.Listen,ifyoucan,tothe48fuguethemesofBach’sWell-TemperedClavichord.Listentoeachtheme,oneafteranother.Youwillsoonrealizethateachthememirrorsadifferentworldoffeeling.Youwillalsosoonrealizethatthemorebeautifulathemeseemstoyoutheharderitistofindanywordthatwilldescribeittoyourcompletesatisfaction.Yes,youwillcertainlyknowwhetheritisagaythemeorasadone.Youwillbeable,inotherwords,inyourownmind,todrawaframeofemotionalfeelingaroundyourtheme.Nowstudythesadonealittlecloser.Trytopindowntheexactqualityofitssadness.Isitpessimisticallysadorresignedlysad;isitfatefullysadorsmilinglysad?可能的话,你不妨听听巴赫的《平均律钢琴曲集》中的48个赋格主题。依次地、一个个地听听其中的每一个主题,你很快就会意识到每个主题都反映了一个不同的情感世界,你很快也会意识到你越觉得某个主题美妙,就越难找到令你完全满意的字眼来描述它。是的,你当然知道那个主题是欢快的还是悲伤的。换句话说,你能够在脑海中勾勒出那个主题的情感框架。那么就更仔细地听一下这个悲伤的主题吧,要明确悲伤的性质。是悲观厌世的悲伤,还是无可奈何的悲伤?是时运不济的悲伤,还是强颜欢笑的悲伤?2WeknowlessabouttheGirlwiththePearlEarringthananyofVermeer’sworks.Indeed,theunexplainablelackofbackgroundinformationmayevencontributetotheworldwidepopularitythepaintingenjoys.Withsomuchmystery,thepaintinghasbeenthethemeoffirst,anovelandlater,afilm,bothofwhichattempttoanswersomeofthequestionsaboutthepainting,aswellasone,whichisimmediatelymoreappropriatetothemediumofthenovelorthefilm:Areherwideeyesandenigmatichalf-smileinnocentorseductive?我们对《戴珍珠耳环的少女》的了解比对维梅尔的其他作品都少。实际上,这种无法解释的背景资料的缺失甚至会使得该画更受欢迎。正因为如此神秘,这幅画先是成了一部小说的主题,而后又被一部电影所采纳。它们都试图揭开有关这幅画的一些谜题,其中一个是:女孩那双睁得大大的眼睛,以及那一丝神秘的微笑,到底是天真还是诱惑?像小说或电影这类媒介更适合作出回答。7TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1随着婚礼的临近,苏珊变得非常焦虑。她说不清楚是什么让自己如此烦恼。在同好友凯特长谈了一次后,她才意识到,尽管自己已经28岁了,但在情感方面还不够成熟,还没有为婚姻做好准备,也不知道这桩婚姻是否会给自己带来美满的家庭生活。(pindown;guarantee)Astheweddingceremonywasapproaching,Susanhadbecomequiteanxious.Shecouldnotpindownwhatexactlywastroublingher.AfteralongtalkwithherclosefriendKate,sherealizedthat,althoughshewas28yearsold,shewasnotemotionallymatureenoughtobereadyformarriageandshewasnotsurewhetherthemarriagewouldguaranteeherahappyfamilylife.2她知道中国学生总是不愿意表达自己的情感和想法,这不仅仅因为他们对自己的英语口语不够自信,还因为他们相信稳重是一种美德。因此她特意设计了一些简单的话题,鼓励学生参与讨论,让他们增强自信心,拉近彼此间的距离。(shyaway;engagesbin)SheknewthatChinesestudentshadawayofshyingawayfromrevealingtheirfeelingsoropinions,duenotmerelytotheirlackofconfidenceinspokenEnglish,buttotheirbeliefinthenvirtueofmodesty.Soshespeciallyconceivedacoupleofsimpletopicsandencouragedtheminthediscussion,inorderthattheymightbecomemoreconfidentandcloserwitheachother.Unit6heroes6TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1Ithoughthowwefiremenwerealwayssayingtoeachother,“I’llseeyouatthebigone.”Or,“We’llallmeetatthebigone.”Ineverknewhowitstarted,orwhenI’dpickeduponitmyself,butitwaspartofourshorthand.Meaning,nomatterhowbigthisfireis,there’llbeanotheronebigger,somewheredowntheroad.We’llmakeitthroughthisone,andwe’llmakeitthroughthatone,too.Ialwayssaidit,atbigfires,andIalwayshearditback,andhereIwas,thinkingIwouldneversayorhearthesewordsagain,becausetherewouldneverbeanotherfireasbigasthis.Thiswasthebigonewehadalltalkedabout,allourlives,andifIhadn’tknownthisbefore–justbeforethesechillingmoments–thissick,blacknoisenowconfirmedit.(?这段话由许多短句构成,要注意短句间语气的连接。像atbigfires,allourlives等词语应该调整语序。)我想起我们消防员平常总互相打趣说:“在大火中见吧。”或者是“我们肯定会在大火中碰面的。”我不知道这种说法是怎么来的,或者我自己是从什么时候开始说起这种话来的,但这就是我们的暗语。意思是不管这场火有多大,以后在别处还会有比这更大的。我们能安然无恙地度过这场火,也会安然无恙地度过下一场火。遇到一场大火时,我总是这么说,也总听别人这么说,可现在,我呆在这儿,想着自己再也不会说这样的话了,也不会再听到别人这么说了,因为再也不会有比这更大的火了。这会是我们大家一辈子都在说的那场大火,如果以前——就在这一个个令人胆战心惊的瞬间之前——我没有认识到这一点的话,现在这浑厚的、不祥的响声印证了这一点。2NamedasthefirstchairmanoftheUNHumanRightsCommission,Rooseveltoversawthetwo-yearprocessofdraftingandsecuringpassageoftheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights.Additionally,herclasheswithrepresentativesoftheSovietUnionledoneRepublicantoleanforwardinhischairandstate–hewouldn’tallowhisnametobeusedforfearofbeinglabeledasaDemocraticsupporter–“Now,ifyouwanttoknowwhatIthinkaboutMrsRoosevelt,sheistuh-riffic!MrsRooseveltisuniqueinhercapacitytocreateanunderstandingofourpositioninthemindsofthedelegatesofothercountries.Herperformanceissosuperlativethatitisratherunexpectedtobeaskedtoevaluateherinordinaryterms.”作为联合国人权委员会的首任主席,罗斯福监督了《世界人权宣言》历时两年的起草和通过的全过程。此外,她和苏联代表的交锋让一位共和党人从椅子上朝前探过身来,说出了下面一番话——因为怕被当成是民主党的支持者,他不愿意透露自己的姓名——“如果你想知道我对罗斯福夫人的看法,那我会说她真是了不起!罗斯福夫人有一种独特的能力,能让其他国家的代表清楚地了解我们的立场。要用平常的语言来评价她高超的外交手腕,一时间还真不知道该怎么说。”7TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1人们很不理解为什么他一份工作干了30年,大多数人到了他这个年纪至少已经换了四五份工作了。也许对他来说,为了获得更高的薪水或是寻求体验新事物的刺激而换工作毫无意义。在他看来,唯一重要的事是稳定。(stickwith;point;thrill)Peoplearequitepuzzledaboutthefactthathehasstuckwiththesamejobfor30yearswhenmostnpeopleofhisagehavechangedatleastfourorfivejobs.Maybeforhimthereisnopointinchangingjobsforahigherpayorforthethrillofexperiencingsomethingnew.Theonlythingthatmatters,inhispointofview,isstability.2协会中的大多数会员认为应该竭力游说政府,确保这项计划获得批准。至关重要的是要把决策者中的一些反对者争取过来。虽然这会很难,但是他们下定决心要作最大的努力。(lobby;winover;adj.+thoughit+be;utmost)Mostmembersoftheassociationbelievethattheyneedtolobbyashardaspossibletomakesurethattheplanwillbeapprovedbythegovernment.It’sessentialtowinoversomeofthenaysayersamongthepolicymakers.Toughthoughitwillbe,theyhavemadeuptheirmindtomakeutmostefforts.Unit7Thesecretlifeofscience6TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1.Redlightscomeupjustasoftenwhenthedriverisnotinahurry;it’sjustthatthedisadvantageoftheredlightisconsiderablylessiftimeisnotcritical.Thefalsepartoftheperceptionisthatredlightshappenmorethangreenlights.Thereasonforthisissimplythatadriverhasmoretimetothinkaboutaredlightthanagreenlight,becausewhilethelatterisgoneinseconds–andindeedisanexperiencenodifferentfromjustdrivingalongtheopenroad–theredlightforcesachangeofbehaviour,amomentofexertionandstress,andthenadeprivationoffreedomforaminuteorso.Redlightsstickinthemind,whilegreenlightsareinstantlyforgotten.(?Thefalsepartoftheperception直译为“认知中错误的部分”不妥,应译成“错觉”。第三句是一个复杂的长句,应按原文的顺序拆分成若干短句。整个段落的译文要注意对比与因果的关系。)司机不赶时间的时候碰到的红灯其实和赶时间的时候一样多;只是如果时间不紧急,红灯带来的不便要小得多。认为红灯出现的次数比绿灯多其实是一种错觉。产生这种错觉的原因很简单,因为司机有更多的时间去想红灯,而绿灯的时候,车子几秒钟之内就疾驰而过了——这其实和在畅通的公路上开车没有任何区别——而红灯却迫使司机改变行为,一小会儿的时间里要强迫自己努力一下,承受点压力,还要失去一两分钟的自由。所以红灯会深深地印在司机的脑海里,而绿灯转瞬间就被抛到脑后了。2Cananyonelearntosing?It’saquestionthathauntedmeasIwaswritingmymostrecentbookTheSingingNeanderthals.Myresearchhadpersuadedmethatmusicalityisdeeplyembeddedinthehumangenome,withfarmoreancientevolutionaryrootsthanspokenlanguage.YethereIwas,unabletocarryatuneormatcharhythm.FriendsandacademiccolleaguesclaimedthiswassimplybecauseIhadbeen“turnedoff”frommusicasachildandifonlyItookafewlessonsIwouldfindmyvoice.Maybetheywereright.SohumiliatedwasIbymusicteacherswhomademe“sing”aloneinfrontoftheclassthatIdroppedmusicatthefirstopportunityandhaven’tparticipatedinanythingmusicalforover35years.PerhapsIcouldlearntosing.(?被动说法Ihadbeenturnedofffrommusic译成主动态更好一些。倒数第二句原文是倒装句,译文不必按原文的顺序译,但需把长句拆分成短句。)n人人都能学会唱歌吗?在撰写我最新出版的《唱着歌的尼安德特人》一书时,这个问题就一直萦绕在我的心头。我做的研究让我相信音乐才能是深深植根于人类基因中的,从进化史的角度来说,它比人类的口头语言都要古老得多。可是我本人一唱起歌来不是跑调,就是跟不上节奏。朋友们和学术同僚们都说,那都是因为我小时候对音乐失去了兴趣,只要上几节音乐课,我一定能放声歌唱。也许他们是对的。记得小时候,音乐老师们让我在全班同学面前独“唱”,让我觉得很丢脸。所以后来一有机会,我就躲开音乐,35年来从来没有参加过任何音乐活动。说不定学一学我也能唱得不错。7TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1媒体对于接连发生的两件惨剧之间没有任何关系的说法表示怀疑,总统没有迅速作出反应也让大家很不满。谈到总统的执政能力,媒体早已失去信心,除非他能在随后的任期中有所作为。(consecutive;independentof;responsive;whenitcomesto;ifonly)Themediadoubttheclaimthatthetwoconsecutivetragedieswereindependentofeachother,andaredissatisfiedwiththefactthatthePresidentwasnotresponsiveimmediately.Whenitcomestohiscompetenceinrunningthegovernment,themediahavelonglosttheirtrust,ifonlyhecoulddowellinhissubsequentterm.2时刻牢记不要因为你的孩子成绩不好而羞辱他们,因为这种被羞辱的痛苦记忆可能会困扰孩子很长时间,使他们从小就厌学,并且会妨碍他们形成积极的生活态度。只有当父母发现孩子身上的优点,并且不断鼓励他们,孩子的发展才能得以长久。(turnofffrom;humiliate;haunt;identify)Keeprememberingthatdonothumiliateyourchildbecausetheydon’tgaingoodgrades,astheirmemoryofthehumiliationwillhauntthemforalongtime,turnthemofffromlearningatanearlyageandpreventthemfromgainingpositiveattitudestowardslife.Thedevelopmentofchildrencanbesustainedonlywhenparentsidentifythestrengthsintheirchildrenandencouragethemfromtimetotime.Unit8Highdaysandholidays5TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1.OnInternationalWomen’sDay,Sovietwomenbaskintheirmenfolk’sloveandgratitude.Inthemorning,asitisaholiday,theyloungeinbedinsteadofgoingouttowork.Theirhusbands,withmuchcursingandclatteringofpans,cookbreakfastforthefamily;byteno’clocktheyproudlyservetheirwivesacharredandshrivelledegg.Besidethewoman’splatewillbeabunchofflowersandalittlegift,abottleofscentperhaps,orapairoftights,whichshewillexclaimoveruntilthechildren,scarletwithfury,insistthattheirmothermakesthemtheirproperbreakfast.(?pans在原文中其实泛指厨房里的物件,译成汉语时应为“锅碗瓢盆”。)在国际妇女节那一天,苏联的妇女们沐浴在男性所给予的爱意和感激之中。因为这一天是假日,早上她们不用去上班,可以懒洋洋地躺在床上。而她们的丈夫们则要为全家人做早饭,虽然嘴里骂骂咧咧的,还弄得锅碗瓢盆叮当乱响;到了十点,丈夫颇为自豪地把煎得焦糊糊、皱巴巴的鸡蛋端到妻子跟前。盘子边上还放着一束鲜花,一份小礼物,可能是一瓶香水或者一双裤袜,妻子会高兴得大叫起来,激动好一会儿,直到孩子们怒气冲冲地跑过来,小脸涨得通红,闹着要妈妈给他们做一顿像样的早餐。2Forgoodorbad,theworldhaspossiblyundergonemorechangesinthepasttwodecadesthanitdidinthepasttwocenturies.Wehaveusedmoreresources,burntmorefuel,causedmorepollutionandkilledoffmoreanimalsandplantsaswehavecomeclosertoeachothertoformatrulyglobalvillage.Television,wethought,wasthelastunitingfactortillwegotafeelforthenInternet.Allthesechangeshavemadeustakeadifferentlookattheworldbeyondandourhomewithin.Nothingcomeswithoutariderinthisglobalmarket.IfwewanttobepartofthedazzleandcomfortthattheWestisknownfor,wehadbetteracceptsomeofitsanomalies,too.ThisisnottosaythatfestivalsmeansomethingelsetotheWest.不管是好是坏,世界在过去二十多年间所经历的变化可能比过去两百年间所经历的还要多。为了让彼此间联系得更紧密,营造出一个真正的地球村,我们消耗了更多的资源,烧掉了更多的能源,造成了更多的污染,灭杀了更多的动植物。过去,我们一直把电视看作是连接全世界的终极手段,直到我们了解了互联网,才发现事实并非如此。所有这些变化都让我们用另外一种眼光来看待外面的世界以及我们自己的家园。在这个全球市场中,得到任何东西都是要付出代价的。如果我们想拥有西方世界那著名的眩目而舒适的生活,我们也必须接受西方文化中的一些异常事物。当然,这并不是说节日对于西方人来说有着不同的意义。6TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1和妻子离婚之后,他知道自己将受到朋友们无穷无尽的指责,因为他们都听信流言,认为他为了一个更年轻的女人而抛弃了妻子。每次在街上碰到朋友,他们都会严厉地责备他不该背叛自己的妻子。他终于明白,如果谣言一直不散的话,人们会逐渐地信以为真。(neverheartheendofit;dump;bumpinto;stickaround)Whenhedivorcedhiswife,heknewthathewouldneverheartheendofitfromhisfriends,becausetheyallbelievedtherumourthathehaddumpedherforayoungerwoman.Wheneverhebumpedintoafriendinthestreet,theywouldreprimandhimseverelyforbetrayinghiswife.Herealizedwithhisownexperiencethatifarumourstuckaroundlongenough,peoplewouldgraduallytakeitastrue.2在经历了这么多磨难后,他把所有的愤怒、不满和绝望都发泄在周围人身上了,不管他们是家人还是同事。对于他这些反常的行为我们不能视而不见,而要多给他一些关心和爱。我们相信,他一定会重拾信心,挺过这段艰难时期。(undergo;vent;bethey…;shutone’seyesandearsto;beboundto)Afterundergoingsomanymisfortunes,heventsallhisanger,discontentanddespaironpeoplearoundhim,betheyfamiliesorcolleagues.Insteadofshuttingoureyesandearstohisanomalies,weshouldofferhimmorecaresandlove.Webelieveheisboundtorecollecthimselfandgothroughthetoughtime.Unit96.1.InEurope,theRomansstartedcallingpeoplebytheirgivennameandfamilynameinLatinfrom300BC,butitwasn’tcommonpracticethroughoutEuropeuntilthe10thor11thcentury,whenfirst,thelordsandgentry,thenmiddle-classcitizens,andfinallyeveryoneusedsurnames.Thenecessityforsurnamesarosewhenthepopulationbegantogrow.Suddenlytherewasmorethanonepersonwiththesamenameinavillage,sosurnameswereused.Generally,thesesurnameswerenothandeddowntothenextgeneration,butafterthefalloftheRomanEmpire,Irelandwasoneofthefirstcountriestoadopthereditarysurnames,andIrishsurnamesarefoundasearlyasthe10thcentury.在欧洲,罗马人从公元前300年起就用拉丁文的姓和名来称呼别人,但是一直到公元10或者11n世纪,这种做法才在整个欧洲流行起来,最先是在贵族阶层中间,然后是城市的中产阶级,到最后所有人都开始使用姓氏。因为随着人口的增长,姓氏就显得越来越有必要了。忽然间,在一个村子里出现了两个同名的人,所以人们就开始用姓氏来区分他们。一般来说,这些姓氏不会传给下一代,但在罗马帝国灭亡后,爱尔兰成了最早使用世袭姓氏的欧洲国家之一,而且爱尔兰姓氏早在公元10世纪就出现了。2.Tomakemattersmorecomplicated,asurveyoutlastweeksuggeststeenagersarealotmoreconservativethanwemightthink.They’reinfavourofthemonarchy,longprisonsentencesandpatriotism,sothiswouldleadustobelievethey’dbeagainsthavingsillynamessuchasRawlplug.Butmyoldestdaughterdisagrees.Onareally,reallydrunkennight,mywifeandIseriouslythoughtaboutcallingherBoadicea,butthefollowingdayovertheNurofenwewentforEmily.Andnowshe’slividaboutit,ridingaroundthegardenwithknivesonherbicyclewheels,sayingweweredullandunimaginative.让问题变得更复杂的是上周进行的一个调查,其结果表明现在的青少年比我们想象中的要保守得多。他们支持君主制,赞成长期监禁,充满了爱国主义情愫,这就让我们相信他们肯定会抵制像“罗威套管”这样的傻名字。但是我的大女儿可不这么认为。记得有一天晚上,我和老婆喝得酩酊大醉,我们郑重其事地想给她取名博阿迪西亚,但是第二天吃了片布洛芬(注:一种止疼药),头脑清醒之后,我们选择了埃米莉这个名字。现在她正大发雷霆,对这个名字非常不满,她给自行车轮绑上刀子,骑着它在花园里转悠,说我们无趣,毫无想象力。7TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1先前的一些调查表明,在这个国家的政治选举中种族曾经是最为重要的因素,因为这是一个由多个种族、多个民族组成的国家。随后,大量移民的涌入使得情况更为复杂。候选人不得不把信仰、文化等问题考虑进来。(becomprisedof;substantial;complicate)Accordingtosomepriorsurveys,raceusedtobethemostimportantfactorinpoliticalelectionsofthiscountry,asthepopulationiscomprisedofmulti-racesandmulti-ethnics.However,asubstantialnumberofimmigrantscomplicatedthesituation.Candidatesareobligedtotaketheissuesoffaithandculturesintoconsideration.2所有对政治感兴趣的、才华出众的年轻人都梦想着有朝一日成为伟大的政治领袖,对世界有积极的影响,让世界变得更美好。但是可悲的是,他们中的许多人在实现自己的梦想之后,只关心维护自己的权力地位而不是想着服务人民。更糟的是,有的时候他们会滥用他们的权力来满足自己的贪欲,而让国家和人民的利益受损。(aspire;haveimpacton;maintain)Alltalentedyoungmenwhoareinterestedinpoliticsaspiretobecomegreatpoliticalleaderssomeday,tohaveimpactontheworldinapositivewayandmakeitabetterplace.Butsadly,manyofthem,afterrealizingtheirdreams,willonlybeconcernedwithmaintainingtheirpowerandstatusinsteadofservingpeople.Whatisworse,sometimestheywillabusepowertosatisfytheirgreedattheexpenseofthecountryandpeople.Unit106.TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1Truestory?Probablynot.It’saclassicexampleofwhat’scalledinmanylanguagesanurbanmyth.Anurbanmythisastoryyouhearbywordofmouth.Itusuallydescribessomethingwhichmighthavehappened,anapocryphal,second-handstorytoldasifitweretrue,justaboutplausibleenoughtobecredible,aboutsomeeventwhichhassupposedlyhappenedtoarealperson.Factualornot,it’slikelytorelyonexpertstorytellingandonatrustworthysource,suchas“Ithappenedtomybrother’sfriend’smother.”n这是真事吗?很可能不是。这是在很多语言中被称为都市神话的一个典型例子。都市神话是你通过口耳相传听来的故事,讲述的是一些可能发生过的事情,一个杜撰的,从别处听来的故事,却被当作真事来讲,听起来像真的似的。不论是真是假,都市神话依赖的是讲故事的技巧以及来源的可靠性,比如“这件事发生在我弟弟的朋友的母亲的身上。”2Hestoopeddowntodrink,andsawhisownimageinthewater;hethoughtitwassomebeautifulwater-spiritlivinginthefountain.Hestoodgazingwithadmirationatthosebrighteyes,theselockscurledlikethelocksofBacchusorApollo,theroundedcheeks,theivoryneck,thepartedlipsandtheglowofhealthandexerciseoverall.Hefellinlovewithhimself.Hebroughthislipsneartotakeakiss;heplungedhisarmsintoembracethebelovedobject.Itfledatthetouch,butreturnedagainafteramomentandrenewedthefascination.Hecouldnottearhimselfaway;helostallthoughtoffoodorrest,whilehehoveredoverthebrinkofthefountaingazinguponhisownimage.正当他俯身饮泉水时,他看见了水中自己的倒影,却以为那是一个住在水中的美丽水精灵。他满怀爱意地注视着水中那双明亮的眼眸,那像巴克斯和阿波罗一样卷曲的秀发,圆润的面颊,象牙般的雪白脖颈,微启的双唇,还有全身散发出的健康与活力。他爱上了自己,俯身去吻水中的影子;他把双手伸入水中去拥抱这个心爱之物。那影子一碰就立刻消失得无影无踪,但过一会又出现了,再一次让他心驰神迷。他不舍得离开,茶饭不思,徘徊在泉边凝视着自己的倒影。7.TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1在这本书中,他试图找出一个合理的解释,来说明为什么这个古老的仪式不仅没有被现代文明所消灭,反而得以在全国传播。他的结论是,作为一个可以追溯到公元五世纪的传统,它绝对不仅仅是一个可以被轻易抛弃的仪式,它象征着人类在宇宙中努力寻找和谐,以满足他们在一个混乱的世界中获得心灵宁静的欲望。(plausible;wipeout;tracebackto;morethanjust;disposeof;symbolize)Inthisbookheattemptedtogiveaplausiblereasontoexplainwhythisancientritual,insteadofbeingwipedoutbymoderncivilization,isspreadingoutthroughthewholecountry.Hisconclusionisthatasatraditionthatcanbetracedbacktothe5thcentury,itismorethanjustaritualthatcanbeeasilydisposedof;itsymbolizesthehumanefforttofindharmonyintheuniverseandthussatisfiespeople’sneedtoachievepeaceofmindinachaoticworld.2这部电视剧主要讲述了一对恋人为了过上更好的生活,暂时分离,各自去他国留学的故事。其中,男女主人公分别时在机场相拥而泣的场景最令人感动。不管它真实与否,流畅的剧情和主要演员所展示出的精湛演技还是让观众对该剧评价甚高。(thatof;depart;embrace;adj.+ornot;storytelling)ThestoryofthisTVseriesisthatofacouplewho,inordertoearnabetterlife,departeachotherandstudyoverseasontheirown.Themoststrikingsceneiswhentheheroandheroineembraceeachotherandsayfarewellattheairport.Factualornot,itishighlypraisedbytheaudiencebecauseofitssmoothstorytellingandsophisticatedactingskillsofthefeatureactors.
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