0Nysco2010年6月大学英语四级试题及答案

0Nysco2010年6月大学英语四级试题及答案

生活需要游戏，但不能游戏人生；生活需要歌舞，但不需醉生梦死；生活需要艺术，但不能投机取巧；生活需要勇气，但不能鲁莽蛮干；生活需要重复，但不能重蹈覆辙。-----无名2010年6月大学英语四级试题及答案一.写作部分（9：00－9：30）PartⅠWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteALetterofApologyaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelow.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性3.作为大学生，我的看法。二.快速阅读（9：30－9：45）MediaSelectionforAdvertisementsAfterdeterminingthetargetaudienceforaproductorservice,advertisingagenciesmustselecttheappropriatemediafortheadvertisement.Wediscussherethemajortypesofmediausedinadvertising.Wefocusourattentiononseventypesofadvertising:television,newspapers,radio,magazines,out-of-home.Internet,anddirectmail.TelevisionTelevisionisanattractivemediumforadvertisingbecauseitdeliversmassaudiencestoadvertisers.WhenyouconsiderthatnearlythreeoutoffourAmericanshaveseenthegameshowWhoWantstoBeaMillionaire?youcanunderstandthepoweroftelevisiontocommunicatewithalargeaudience.Whenadvertiserscreateabrand,forexample,theywanttoimpressconsumerswiththebrandanditsimage.Televisionprovidesanidealvehicleforthistypeofcommunication.Buttelevisionisanexpensivemedium,andnotalladvertiserscanaffordtouseit.Television'sinfluenceonadvertisingisfourfold.First,narrowcastingmeansthattelevisionchannelsareseenbyanincreasinglynarrowsegmentoftheaudience.TheGolfChannel,forinstance.iswatchedbypeoplewhoplaygolf.HomeandGardenTelevisionisseenbythoseinterestedinhouseholdimprovementprojects.Thus,audiencesaresmallerandmorehomogeneous(具有共同特点的)thantheyhavebeeninthepast.Second,thereisanincreaseinthenumberoftelevisionchannelsavailabletoviewers,andthus,advertisers.Thishasalsoresultedinanincreaseinthensheernumberofadvertisementstowhichaudiencesareexposed.Third,digitalrecordingdevicesallowaudiencemembersmorecontroloverwhichcommercialstheywatch.Fourth,controloverprogrammingisbeingpassedfromthenetworkstolocalcableoperatorsandsatelliteprogrammers.Newspaper?Aftertelevision,themediumattractingthenextlargestannualadrevenueisnewspapers.TheNewYorkTimes,whichreachesanationalaudience,accountsfor$1billioninadrevenueannually,iimincreaseditsnationalcirculation(发行量)by40%andisnowavailableforhomedeliveryinionciues.Locally,newspapersarethelargestadvertisingmedium.Newspapersarealessexpensiveadvertisingmediumthantelevisionandprovideawayforadvertiserstocommunicatealonger.moredetailedmessagetotheiraudiencethantheycanthrough48hours,meaningnewspapersarealsoaquickwayofgettingthemassageout.Newspapersareofenthemostimportantformofnewsforalocalcommunity,andtheydevelopahighdegreeofloyaltyfromlocalreader.RadioAdvertisingonradiocontinuestogrowRadioisoftenusedinconjunctionwithoutdoorbill-boards(广告牌)andiheInternettoreachevenmorecustomersthantelevision.Advertisersarelikelytouseradiobecauseitisalessexpensivemediumthantelevision,whichmeansadvertiserscanaffordtorepealtheiradsoften.Internetcompaniesarealsoturning10radioadvertising.Radioprovidesawayforadvertiserstocommunicatewithaudiencemembersatalltimesoftheday.Consumerslistentoradioontheirwaytoschoolorwork,atwork,onthewayhome,andintheeveninghours.Twomajorchanges—satelliteandInternetradio—willforceradioadvertiserstoadapttheirmethods.Bothoftheseradioformsallowlistenerstotuneinstationsthataremoredistantthanthelocalstationstheycouldreceiveinthepast.Asaresult,radiowillincreasinglyattracttargetaudienceswholivemanymilesapart.MagazinesNewsweeklies,women’stitles,andbusinessmagazineshaveallseenincreasesinadvertisingbecausetheyattractthehigh-endmarket,magazinesarepopularwithadvertisersbecauseofthenarrowmarketthattheydeliver.Abroadcastmediumsuchasnetworktelevisionattractsalltypesofaudiencemembers,butmagazineaudiencesaremorehomogeneous,ifyoureadsportsillustrated,forexample,youhavemuchincommonwiththemagazine’sotherreaders.Advertisersseemagazinesasanefficientwayofreachingtargetaudiencemembers.Advertiserusingtheprintmedia-magazinesandnewspapers-willneedtoadapttotwomainchanges.First,theinternetwillbringlargeraudiencestolocalnewspapers,thesesecond.Advertiserswillhavetounderstandhowtouseanincreasingnumberofmagazinesfortheirtargetaudiences.Althoughsomemagazineswillmaintainnationalaudiences,alargenumberofnmagazineswillentertainnarroweraudiences.Out-of-homeadvertisingOut-of-homeadvertising.Alsocalledplace-basedadvertising,hasbecomeanincreasinglyeffectivewayofreachingconsumers,whoaremoreactivethaneverbefore.Manyconsumerstodaydonotsitathomeandwatchtelevision.Usingbillboards,newsstands,andbussheltersforadvertisingisaneffectivewayofreachingtheseon-the-goconsumers.Moreconsumerstravellongerdistancestoandfromwork,whichalsomakesout-of-homeadvertisingeffective,technologyhaschangedthenatureofthebillboardbusiness,makingitamoreeffectivemediumthaninthepast.Usingdigitalprinting,billboardcompaniescanprintabillboardin2hours,comparedwith6dayspreviously.Thisallowsadvertisersmorevarietyinthetypesofmessagestheycreatebecausethey.Canchangetheirmessagesmorequickly.InternetAsconsumersbecomemorecomfortablewithonlineshopping,advertiserswillseektoreachthismarketAsconsumersgetmoreoftheirnewsandinformationfromtheInternet,theabilityoftelevisionandradiotogetthewordouttoconsumerswilldecrease.ThechallengetoInternetadvertisersIstocreateadsthataudiencemembersremember.Internetadvertisingwillplayamoreprominentroleinorganizations'advertisinginthenearftuture.Internetaudiencestendtobequitehomogeneous,butsmall.Advertiserswillhavetoadjusttheirmethodstoreachtheseaudiencesandwillhavetoadapttheirpersuasivestrategiestotheonlinemediumaswell.DirectmailAfinaladvertisingmediumisdirectmail,whichusesmailingstoconsumerstocommunicateaclient'smessageDirectmailincludesnewsletters.postcardsandspecialpromotions.Directmailisaneffectivewaytobuildrelationshipswithconsumers.Formanybusinesses.directmailisthemosteffectivefromofadvertising.1.Televisionisanattractiveadvertisingmediuminthat_____________.A)ithaslargeaudiencesB)itappealstohousewivesC)ithelpsbuildupacompany'sreputationD)itisaffordabletomostadvertiser2.WiththeincreaseinthenumberofTVchannels_________.A)thecostofTVadvertisinghasdecreasedB)thenuiflberofTVviewershasincreasedC)advertisers'interestinothermediahasdecreasedD)thenumberofTVadspeoplecanseehasincreased3.Comparedwithtelevision,newspapersasanadvertisingmedium_________________.nA)earnalargerannualadrevenueB)conveymoredetailedmessagesC)usemoreproductiontechniquesD)getmessagesoutmoreeffectively4.Advertisingonradiocontinuestogrowbecause___________.A)morelocalradiostationshavebeensetupB)moderntechnologymakesitmoreentertainingC)itprovideseasyaccesstoconsumersD)ithasbeenrevolutionizedbyInternetradio.5.Magazinesareseenbyadvertisersasanefficientwayto___________.A)reachtargetaudiencesB)moderntechnologymakesitmoreentertainingC)appealtoeducatedpeople.D)conveyallkindsofmessages6.Oui-of-homeadvertisinghasbecomemoreeffectivebecause_______A)billboardscanbereplacedwithintwohoursB)consumerstravelmorenoweverbeforeC)suchadshavebeenmademuchmoreattractiveD)thepaceofurbanlifeismuchfasternowadays7.ThechallengetoInternetadvertisersistocreateadsthatare___________.A)quicktoupdateB)pleasanttolookatC)easytorememberD)convenienttoaccess8.Internetadvertiserswillhavetoadjusttheirmethodstoreachaudiencesthattendtobe_____________9.Directmailisaneffecitiveformofadvertisingforbusinessestodevelop_________________________10.Thispassagediscusseshowadvertisersselect________________foradvertisements.注意：收答题卡一作文和快速阅读部分（9：45－10：00）三.听力部分（10：00－10：35）SectionC注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。We'renowwitnessingtheemergenceofanadvancedeconomybasedoninformationandknowledge.Physical(36)___,rawmaterials,andcapitalarenolongerthekey(37)____inthencreationofwealth.Now,the(38)____rawmaterialinoureconomyisknowledge.Tomorrow'swealthdependsonthedevelopmentandexchangeofknowledge.And(39)___enteringtheworkforceoffertheirknowledge,nottheirmuscles.Knowledgeworkersgetpaidfortheireducationandtheirabilitytolearn.Knowledgeworkers(40)____inmindwork.Theydealwithsymbols:words,(41)___anddata.Whatdoesallthismeanforyou?Asafutureknowledgeworker,youcanexpecttobe(42)____,processing,aswellasexchanginginformation.(43)____,threeoutoffourjobsinvolvesomeformofmindwork,andthatnumberwillincreasesharplyinthefuture.Managementandemployeesalike(44)____.Inthenewworldofwork,youcanlookforwardtobeinginconstanttraining(45)____.Youcanalsoexpecttobetakinggreatercontrolofyourcareer.Gonearethenine-fivejobs.lifetimesecurity,predictablepromotions,andeventheconventionalworkplace,asyouarefamiliarwith.(46)____,anddon’twaitforsomeoneto“empower”you.Youhavetoempoweryourself.四.阅读词汇部分选词阅读及完型（10：35－11：25）选词填空PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionAQuestion57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.SomeyearsagoIwasofferedawritingassignmentthatwouldrequirethreemonthsoftravelthroughEurope.Ihadbeenabroadacoupleoftimes,butIcouldhardly-47-toknowmywayaroundthecontinent.Moreover,myknowledgeofforeignlanguageswas-48-toalittlecollegeFrench.Ihesitated.HowwouldI,unabletospeakthelanguage,-49-unfamiliarwithlocalgeographyortransportationsystems,setup-50-anddoresearch?Itseemedimpossible,andwithconsiderable-51-Isatdowntowritealetterbeggingoff.Halfwaythrough,athoughtranthroughmymind:youcan’tlearnifyoudon’ttry.SoIacceptedtheassignment.Thereweresomebad-52-.ButbythetimeIhadfinishedthetripIwasanexperiencedtraveler.Andeversince.Ihaveneverhesitatedtoheadforeventhemostremoteofplaces.Withoutguidesoreven-53-bookings.ConfidentthatsomehowIwillmanage.Thepointisthatthenew,thedifferent,isalmostbydefinition–54-.buteachtimeyoutrysomething.Youlearn.Andasthelearningpliesup.Theworldopenstoyou.I’velearnedtoskiat40,andflownuptheRhineriverina–55-.AndIknowI’llgotodoingsuchthings.It’snotbecauseI’mbraverormoredaringthanothers.I’mnot.ButI’llacceptanxietyasanothernameforchallengeandIbelieveIcan-56-wonders.n注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A.accomplishI.manufactureB.advancedJ.momentsC.balloonK.newsD.claimL.reducedE.constantlyM.regretF.declareN.scaryG.interviewsO.totallyH.limited阅读PassageOneQuestion57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcentury,but-regardlessofwhetheritisorisn't-wewon'tdomuchaboutit.Wewillargueoveritandmayeven,asanation,makesomefairlysolemn-soundingcommitmentstoavoidit.Butthemoredramaticandmeaningfulthesecommitmentsseem,thelesslikelytheyaretobeobserved.A1Gorecallsglobalwarmingan"inconvenienttruth,"asifmerelyrecognizingitcouldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon'tknowenoughtorelieveglobalwarming,and-withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs-wecan'tdomuchaboutit.From2003to2050,theworld'spopulationisprojevtedtogrowfrom 6.4billonto9.1billion,a42%increase.ifenergyuseperpersonand technologyremaintesame,totalenergyuseandgreenhousegas emissions(mainly,CO2)willbe42%higherin2050.Butthat'stoo low,becausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconmic growthunlesswecondemntheworld'spoortotheirpresentPovertyandfreezeeveryoneelse'slivingstandards.Withmodest growth,energyuseandgreenhouseemissionsmorethendoubleby2050.Nogovernmentwilladoptrigidrestrictionsoneconomicgrowthand personalfreeom(limitsonelectricityusage,drivingandtravel)that mightcutbackglobalwarming.Still,politicianswanttoshowthey're "doingsomething"ConsidertheKyotoProtoco(京都议定书).Italowed countriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn't.Butithasn't reducedCO2emissions(upabout25%since1990),andmanysignatories(签字国)didn'tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohittheir2008-2012 targets.Thepracticalcodusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotential disaster,theonlysolutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressive researchanddevelopmentprogrammiaghtfindwaysofbreakingnour dependenceonfossilfuelsordealingwithit.Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomea moralproblewhenit'steallyanengineeringone.Theinconvenient truthisthatifwedon'tsolvetheengineeringproblem,we'rehelpless.57.Whatissaidaboutglobalwarminginthefirstparagraph?A)Itmaynotproveanenvironmentalcrisisatall.B)Itisanissuerepuiringworldwidecommitments.C)Seriousstepshavebeentakentoavoidorstopit.D)Verylittlewillbedonetobtingitundetcontrol.58.Accordingtotheauthor'sunderstanding,whatisA1Gore'sviewonglobalwarming?A)Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawreof.B)Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.C)Itisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognized.D)Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.59.Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof___.A)economicgrowthB)wastefuluseofenergyC)thewideninggapbetweentherichandpoorD)therapidadvancesofscienceandtechnology60.Theauthorbelievesthat,sincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol,____.A)politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituationB)fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuseC)reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwarmingD)internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvoronmentalproblems61.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?A)Globalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalone.B)Theultimatesolutiontoglobalwarmingliesinnewtechnology.C)Thedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughs.D)Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.PassageTwoQuestion62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Somedayasirangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscantheWebsiteyou'vevisited，Orperhapssomeonewillcasuallyglancethroughyourcreditcardpurchasesorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.nInfact,it'slikelysomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowouldwatchyouwithoutyourpermisson?Itmightbeaspous,agirlfreiend,amarketingcompany,aboss,acoporacriminal.Whoeveritis,theywillseeyouinawayyouneverintendedtobeseen-the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked.Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy,thatit'simportanttorevealyourselftofriends,familyandloversinstages,atappropriatetimes.Butfewboundariesremain.Thedigitalbreadcrumbs(碎屑)youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangerstoreconstructwhoyouare,whereyouareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimpleGooglesearchcanrevealwhatyouthink.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepasecret.Thekeyquestionis:Doesthatmatter?FormanyAmericans,theanswerapparentlyis"no."WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyareconcernedaboutlostingit.Asurveryfoundanoverwhelmingpessimismaboutprivacy,with60percentofrespondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis"slippingaway,andthatbothersme."Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.OnlyatinyfractionofAmericanschangeanybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndownadiscountattollbooths(收费站)toavoidusingtheEZ-Passsystemthatcantrackautomobilemovements.Andfewturndonwsupermarketloyaltycards.PrivacyeconomistAlessandroAcauistihasrunaseriesof teststhatrevealpeoplewillsurrenderpersonalinformationlikeSocailSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50-cents-offcoupon(优惠卷)。Butprivacydoesmatter-atleastsometimes.It'slikehealth:Whenyouhaveit,youdon'tnoticeit.Onlywhenit'sgonedoyouwishyou'ddonemoretoprotectit.62.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked"(Lines3-4,Para.2)?A)People'spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge.B)Inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers'secrets.C)Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationage.D)Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnology.63.Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends?A)Friendsshouldopentheirheartstoeachother.B)Friendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoeachother.C)Thereshouldbeadistanceevenbetweenfriends.D)Thereshouldbefewerdisputesbetweenfriends.64.Whydoestheauthorsay"weliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepasecret"(Line5,para.3)nA)Modernsocietyhasfinallyevolvedintoanopensociety.B)Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.C)Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers'affairs.D)Manysearchenginesprofitbyrevealingpeople'sidentities.65.WhatdomostAmericansdowithregardtoprivacyprotection?A)Theychangebehaviorsthatmightdisclosetheiridentity.B)Theyusevariousloyaltycardsforbusinesstransactions.C)Theyrelymostandmoreonelectronicdevices.D)Theytalkalotbuthardlydoanythingaboutit.66.Accordingtothepassage,privacyislikehealthinthat___.A)peoplewillmakeeveryefforttokeepit.B)itsimportanceisrarelyunderstoodC)isissomethingthatcaneasilybelostD)peopledon'tcherishituntiltheyloseit完型PartVCloze(15minutes)Universitiesareinstitutionsthatteachawidevarietyofsubjectsatadvancedlevels.Theyalsocarryoutresearchworkaimed-67-extendingman'sknowledgeofthesesubjects.Theemphasisgiventoeachofthesefunctions-68-fromuniversitytouniversity,accordingtotheviewsofthepeoplein-69-andaccordingtotheresourcesavailable.Thesmallerandneweruniversitiesdono-70-thestafforequipmenttocarryoutthe-71-researchprojectspossibleinlargerinstitutions.-72-mostexpertsagreethatsomeresearchactivityis-73-tokeepthestaffandtheirstudentsin-74-withthelastestdevelopmentsintheirsubjects.Moststudentsattendauniversitymainlyto-75-theknowledgeneededfortheirchosen-76-.Educationistsbelievethatthisaimshouldnotbethe-77-one.Universitieshavealwaysaimedtoproducemenandwomen-78-judgmentandwisdomasweelasknowledge.Forthisreason,they-79-studendstomeetotherswithdiffering-80-andtoreadwidelyto-81-theirunderstandinginmanyfieldsofstudy.-82-asecondaryschoolcourse,astudentshouldbeinterestedenoughtinasubjecttoenjoygainiingknowledgeforitsown-83-.Heshouldbepreparedto-84-sacrificestostudyhischosen-85-indepth.Heshouldhaveanambitiontomakesome-86-contributiontoman'sknowledge.67.A)atB)byC)toD)in68.A)turnsB)rangesC)movesD)varies69.A)prospectB)placeC)controlD)favor70.A)occupyB)possessC)involveD)spare71.A)maximumB)mediumC)virtualD)vast72.A)ButB)AsC)WhileD)For73.A)naturalB)essentialC)functionalD)optional74.A)coordinationB)accordanceC)touchD)graspn75.A)acquireB)acceptC)endureD)ensure76.A)processionB)professionC)possessionD)preference77.A)typicalB)trueC)mereD)only78.A)withB)underC)onD)through79.A)promptB)provokeC)encourageD)anticipate80.A)historiesB)expressionsC)interestsD)curiosities81.A)broadenB)lengthenC)enforceD)specify82.A)AmidB)OverC)AfterD)Upon83.A)objectB)effectC)courseD)sake84.A)takeB)sufferC)makeD)pay85.A)fieldB)targetC)scopeD)goal86.A)radicalB)meaningfulC)truthfulD)initial五.翻译部分（11：25－11：30）PartVITranslation(5minutes)注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。87.Oureffortswillpayoffiftheresultsoftheresearch_________.（能应用于新技术的开发）88.Ican’tbootmycomputernow.Something__________（一定出了毛病）withitsoperatingsystem.89.Leavingone’sjob,_____________（无论是什么工作）,isadifficultchange,evenforthosewholookforwardtoretiring.90._________（与我成长的地方相比）,thistownismoreprosperousandexciting.91._________（直到他完成使命）didherealizethathewasseriouslyill.考试到此结束，请起立，收卷。下面是答案，请参考。PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)1.A2.D3.B4.C5.A6.D7.C8.quitehomogeneous9.relationshipswithconsumers10.mediaPartIIIListeningComprehension11.A12.C13.B14.D15.D16.B17.A18.D19.C20.D21.C22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.A28.D29.B30.D31.B32.B33.C34.C35.A36.labor37.ingredients38.vital39.individuals40.engage41.figures42.generating43.Currentlyn44.willbemakingdecisionsinsuchareasasproductdevelopment,qualitycontrol,andcustomersatisfaction.　45.toacquirenewskillsthatwillhelpyoukeepupwithimprovedtechnologiesandprocedures.　46.Don'texpectthecompanieswillprovideyouwithaclearlydefinedcareerpath,PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)　47.D48.H49.O50.G51.K52.J53.B54.N55.C56.A57.D58.C59.A60.B61.B62.A63.C64.B65.D66.D　　PartVCloze67.A68.D69.B70.B71.D72.C73.B74.C75.A76.B77.D78.A79.C80.C81.A82.B83.D84.B85.A86.C　　PartVITranslation87.能应用于新技术的开发canbeappliedtotheresearchanddevelopmentofnewtechnology88.一定出了毛病Theremustbesomethingwrong/theremustbesomeerrors/problems　89.不管是什么工作nomatterwhatkinditis/whateveritis　90.与我成长的地方相比ComparedwiththeplacewhereIgrewup　91.直到他完成使命Notuntilhehadaccomplishedthetask