0Jbvhi2009年12月大学英语四级真题及答案

0Jbvhi2009年12月大学英语四级真题及答案

生活需要游戏，但不能游戏人生；生活需要歌舞，但不需醉生梦死；生活需要艺术，但不能投机取巧；生活需要勇气，但不能鲁莽蛮干；生活需要重复，但不能重蹈覆辙。-----无名2009年12月大学英语四级考试试卷PartⅠWriting(30minutes)　Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofCreatingaGreenCampus.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:　　1.建设绿色校园很重要　　2.绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境……　　3.为了建设绿色校园，我们应该……CreatingaGreenCampus______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)　Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestion8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.Collegestakinganotherlookatvalueofmerit-basedaid　Goodgradesandhightestsscoresstillmatter—alot—tomanycollegesastheyawardfinancialaid.　Butwithlow-incomestudentsprojectedtomakeupanever-largershareofthecollege-boundpopulationincomingyears,someschoolsarere-examiningwhetherthataid,typicallyknownas“meritaid”,isthemosteffectiveuseofpreciousinstitutionaldollars.　GeorgeWashingtonUniversityinWashington,D.C.,forexample,saidlastweekthatitwouldcutthevalueofitsaveragemeritscholarshipsbyaboutone-thirdandreducethenumberofrecipients(接受者),pouringthesavings,about$2.5million,intoneed-basedaid.AlleghenyCollegeinMeadville,Pa.,madeasimilardecisionthreeyearsago.　Now,HamiltonCollegeinClinton,N.Y.,saysitwillphaseoutmeritscholarshipsaltogether.Nocurrentmerit-aidrecipientswilllosetheirscholarships,butneed-basedaidalonewillbeawardedbeginningwithstudentsenteringinfall2008.　Notallcollegesoffermeritaid;generally,themoreselectiveaschool,thelesslikelyitistodoso.HarvardandPrinceton,forexample,offergenerousneed-basedpackages,butmanyfamilieswhodon’tmeetneedeligibility(资格)havebeenwillingtopaywhatevertheymustforabig-nameschool.　Forsmallregionalcollegesthatstrugglejusttofillseats,meritaidcanbeanimportantrevenue-builderbecausemanyrecipientsstillpayenoughtuitiondollarsoverandabovethescholarshipamounttokeeptheinstitutionrunning.　Butforrankings-consciousschoolsinbetween,meritaidhasservedprimarilyasatooltorecruittopstudentsandtoimprovetheiracademicprofits.“They’retryingtobuystudents,”saysSkidmoreCollegeeconomistSandyBaum.n　Studiesshowmeritaidalsotendstobenefitdisproportionatelystudentswhocouldaffordtoenrollwithoutit.　“Aswelooktothefuture,weseeamorepressingneedtoinvestinneed-basedaid,”saysMonicaInzer,deanofadmissionandfinancialaidatHamilton,whichhasofferedmeritscholarshipsfor10years.Duringthattime,itroseinUSNews&WorldReport’srankingofthebestliberalartscolleges,from25to17.　Meritaid,whichbenefitedabout75studentsayear,orabout4%ofitsstudentbody,atacostofabout$1millionayear,“serveduswell,”Inzersays,but“tobediscountingthepriceforfamiliesthatdon’tneedfinancialaiddoesn’tfeelrightanymore.”　Need-basedaidremainsbyfarthelargestshareofallstudentaid,whichincludesstate,federalandinstitutionalgrants.Butmeritaid,offeredprimarilybyschoolsandstates,isgrowingfaster,bothoverallandattheinstitutionallevel.　Between1995-96and2003-04,institutionalmeritaidaloneincreased212%,comparedwith47%forneed-basedgrants.Atleast15statesalsooffermeritaid,typicallyinabidtoenrolltopstudentsinthestate’spublicinstitutions.　Butinrecentyears,agrowingchorus(异口同声)ofcriticshasbegunpressuringschoolstodropthepractice.RecentdecisionsbyHamiltonandothersmaybe“asignthatpeoplearestartingtorealizethatthere’sthisdestructivecompetitiongoingon,”saysBaum,co-authorofarecentCollegeReportthatraisesconcernsabouttheroleofinstitutionalaidnotbasedonneed.　DavidLaird,presidentoftheMinnesotaPrivateCollegeCouncil,saysmanyofhisschoolswouldliketoreducetheirmeritaidbutfearthatindoingso,theywouldlosetopstudentstotheircompetitors.　“Noonecantakeone-sidedaction,”saysLaird,whoisexploringwhethertoseekanexemption(豁免)fromfederalanti-trustlawssomembercollegescandiscusshowtheycouldjointlyreducemeritaid,“Thisisamerry-go-roundthat’sgoingveryfast,andnoneoftheinstitutionsbelievetheycansustaintherisksoftryingtobreakawaybythemselves.”　Acomplicatingfactoristhatmeritaidhasbecomesopopularwithmiddle-incomefamilies,whodon’tqualifyforneed-basedaid,thatmanyhavecometodependonit.And,astuitionscontinuetoincrease,thelinebetweenmeritandneedblurs.　That’sonereasonAlleghenyCollegedoesn’tplantodropmeritaidentirely.　“Westillbelieveinrewardingsuperiorachievementsandknowthatthesetopstudentstrulyvaluethescholarship,”saysScottFriedhoff,Allegheny’svicepresidentforenrollment.　EmoryUniversityinAtlanta,whichboastsa$4.7billionendowment(捐赠),meanwhile,istakinganotherapproach.Thisyear,itannounceditwouldeliminateloansforneedystudentsandcapthemformiddle-incomefamilies.Atthesametime,itwouldexpandits28-year-oldmeritprogram.　“Yeah,we’replayingthemeritgame,”acknowledgesTomLancaster,associatedeanforundergraduateeducation.Butithasitsstrongpoint,too,hesays.“Thefactofthematteris,it’snotjustaboutthelowest-incomepeople.It’stheaverageAmericanmiddle-classfamilywho’sbeingpricedoutofthemarket.”　*Afewwordsaboutmerit-basedaid:　Merit-basedaidisaidofferedtostudentswhoachieveexcellenceinagivenarea,andisgenerallyknownasacademic,athleticandartisticmeritscholarships.　Academicmeritscholarshipsarebasedonstudents’grades,GPAandoverallacademicperformanceduringhighschool.Theyaretypicallymeantforstudentsgoingstraighttocollegerightafterhighschool.However,therearescholarshipsforcurrentcollegestudentswithexceptionalgradesaswell.Thesemeritscholarshipsusuallyhelpstudentspaytuitionbills,andtheycanberenewedeachyearaslongastherecipientscontinuetoqualify.Insomecases,studentsmayneedtoberecommendedbytheirschoolorateacheraspartofthequalificationprocess.　Athleticmeritscholarshipsaremeantforstudentsthatexcel(突出)insportsofanykind,fromfootballtotrackandfieldevents.Recommendationforthesescholarshipsisrequired,sinceexceptionalathleticperformancehastoberecognizedbyacoachorareferee(裁判).Applicantsneedtosendinatapecontainingtheirbestperformance.　Artisticmeritscholarshipsrequirethatapplicantsexcelinagivenartisticarea.Thisgenerallyincludesanycreativefieldsuchasart,design,fashion,music,danceorwriting.Applyingforartisticmeritscholarshipsusuallyrequiresthatnstudentssubmitaportfolio(选辑)ofsomesort,whetherthatincludesacollectionofartwork,arecordingofamusicalperformanceoravideoofthemdancing.1.Withmoreandmorelow-incomestudentspursuinghighereducation,anumberofcollegesare________.　A)offeringstudentsmoremerit-basedaidB)revisingtheirfinancialaidpolicies　C)increasingtheamountoffinancialaidD)changingtheiradmissionprocesses2.WhatdidAlleghenyCollegeinMeadvilledothreeyearsago?　A)Ittriedtoimplementanovelfinancialaidprogram.　B)Itadded$2.5milliontoitsneed-basedaidprogram.　C)Itphasedoutitsmerit-basedscholarshipsaltogether.　D)Itcutsitsmerit-basedaidtohelptheneedystudents.3.Thechiefpurposeofrankings-consciouscollegesinofferingmeritaidisto______.　A)improveteachingqualityB)boosttheirenrollments　C)attractgoodstudentsD)increasetheirrevenues4.MonicaInzer,deanofadmissionandfinancialaidatHamilton,believes______.　A)itdoesn’tpaytospend$1millionayeartoraiseitsranking　B)itgivesstudentsmotivationtoawardacademicachievements　C)it’sillogicaltousesomuchmoneyononly4%ofitsstudents　D)it’snotrighttogiveaidtothosewhocanaffordthetuition5.Inrecentyears,merit-basedaidhasincreasedmuchfasterthanneed-basedaiddueto______.　A)moregovernmentfundingtocollegesB)fiercecompetitionamonginstitutions　C)theincreasingnumberoftopstudentsD)schools’improvedfinancialsituations6.Whatistheattitudeofmanyprivatecollegestowardmeritaid,accordingtoDavidLaird?　A)Theywouldliketoseeitreduced.　B)Theyregarditasanecessaryevil.　C)Theythinkitdoesmoreharmthangood.　D)Theyconsideritunfairtomiddle-classfamilies.7.Whydoesn’tAlleghenyCollegeplantodropmeritaidentirely?　A)Raisingtuitionshavemadecollegeunaffordableformiddle-classfamilies.　B)Withrisingincomes,fewerstudentsareapplyingforneed-basedaid.　C)Manystudentsfrommiddle-incomefamilieshavecometorelyonit.　D)Risingincomeshavedisqualifiedmanystudentsforneed-basedaid.8.Annualrenewalofacademicmeritscholarshipsdependsonwhethertherecipientsremain______.9.Applicantsforathleticmeritscholarshipsneedarecommendationfromacoachorarefereewho______theirexceptionalathleticperformance.10.Applicantsforartisticmeritscholarshipsmustproduceevidencetoshowtheir______inaparticularartisticfield.PartⅢListeningComprehension(35minutes)　SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichthebestansweris.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions11to18arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.11.A)Getsomesmallchange.B)Findashoppingcenter.　　C)Cashacheckatabank.D)Findaparkingmeter.12.A)Shoppingwithhisson.B)Buyingagiftforachild.n　　C)Promotinganewproduct.D)Bargainingwithasalesgirl.13.A)Takingphotographs.B)Enhancingimages.　　C)Mendingcameras.D)Paintingpictures.14.A)HemovedtoBaltimorewhenhewasyoung.　　B)Hecanprovidelittleusefulinformation.　　C)HewillshowthewomanaroundBaltimore.　　D)Hewillasksomeoneelsetohelpthewoman.15.A)Heisratherdisappointed.B)Heishighlyambitious.　　C)Hecan’tfaceuptothesituationD)Heknowshisownlimitation.16.A)Shemusthavepaidalot　　B)Sheisknowntohaveaterrificfigure.　　C)Hergymexercisehasyieldedgoodresults.　D)Herefforttokeepfitisreallypraiseworthy.17.A)Femalestudentsareunfitforstudyingphysics.　B)Hecanserveasthewoman’stutor.　　C)Physicsisanimportantcourseatschool.　D)Theprofessor’ssuggestionisconstructive.18.A)Indifferent.B)Doubtful.C)Pleased.D)Surprised.Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19.A)Heprefersthesmallereveningclasses.B)Hehassignedupforadaycourse.　　C)Hehastoworkduringtheday.D)Hefindstheeveningcoursecheaper.20.A)Learnacomputerlanguage.B)Learndataprocessing.　　C)Buysomecomputersoftware.D)Buyafewcoursebooks.21.A)Thursdayevening,from7:00to9:45.B)FromSeptember1toNewYear’seve.　　C)EveryMonday,lastingfor12weeks.D)Threehoursaweek,45hoursintotal.22.A)Whattobringforregistration.B)Wheretoattendtheclass.　　C)HowhecangettoFrostHall.D)Whetherhecanuseacheck.　　Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.23.A)Atrainingcoach.B)Atradingadviser.　　C)Aprofessionalmanager.D)Afinancialtrader.24.A)Hecansaveonlivingexpenses.B)Heconsiderscookingcreative.　　C)Hecanenjoyhealthierfood.D)Hethinkstake-awayistasteless.25.A)Itissomethinginevitable.　　B)Itisfrustratingsometimes.　　C)Ittakespatiencetomanage.　　D)Itcanbeagoodthing.SectionB　　Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOne　Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.26.A)Therewerenoplanetswithoutmoons.B)TherewasnoairorwateronJupiter.　　C)Lifewasnotpossibleinouterspace.D)Themysteryoflifecouldnotberesolved.27.A)Ithasanumberofactivevolcanoes.B)Ithasanatmosphereliketheearth’s.　　C)Ithasalargeoceanunderitssurface.D)Ithasdeepcavesseveralmileslong.28.A)Lightisnotanessentialelementtoit.B)Lifecanforminveryhottemperatures.C)Everyformoflifeundergoesevolution.D)Oxygenisnotneededforsomelifeforms.PassageTwo　Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.29.A)Whethertheyshouldtakethechildhome.　　B)WhatDr.Mayer’sinstructionsexactlywere.　　C)Whoshouldtakecareofthechildathome.n　　D)Whenthechildwouldcompletelyrecover.30.A)Sheencouragesthemtoaskquestionswhenindoubt.　　B)Shemakesthemwritedownallherinstructions.　　C)Shehasthemactoutwhattheyaretodoathome.　　D)Sheasksthemtorepeatwhattheyaresupposedtodo.31.A)Itlacksthestabilityoftheprintedword.B)Itcontainsmanygrammaticalerrors.　　C)Itisheavilydependentonthecontext.D)ItfacilitatesinterpePassageThree　Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.32.A)Jobsecurity.B)Goodlabourrelations.　　C)Challengingwork.D)Attractivewagesandbenefits.33.A)Manytediousjobscontinuetobedonemanually.　　B)Moreandmoreunskilledworkerswilllosejobs.　　C)Computerswillchangethenatureofmanyjobs.　　D)Boringjobswillgraduallybemadeenjoyable.34.A)Offerthemchancesofpromotion.　　B)Improvetheirworkingconditions.　　C)Encouragethemtocompetewitheachother.　　D)Givethemresponsibilitiesaspartofateam.35.A)Theywillnotbringrealbenefitstothestaff.　　B)Theyconcernasmallnumberofpeopleonly.　　C)Theyarearbitrarilysetbytheadministrators.　　D)Theyarebeyondthecontrolofordinaryworkers.SectionC　Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.　Inthehumanities,authorswritetoinformyouinmanyways.Thesemethodscanbe(36)______intothreetypesofinformationalwriting:factual,descriptive,andprocess.　Factualwritingprovides(37)______informationonanauthor,composer,orartistoronatypeofmusic,literature,orart.Examplesoffactualwritingincludenotesonabookjacketor(38)______coverandlongerpieces,suchasanarticledescribingastyleofmusicwhichyoumightreadinamusic(39)______course.Thiskindofwritingprovidesa(40)______foryourstudyofthehumanities.　Asitsname(41)______,descriptivewritingsimplydescribes,orprovidesan(42)______of,apieceofmusic,art,orliterature.Forexample,descriptivewritingmightlistthecolorsanartistusedinapaintingorthe(43)______acomposerincludedinamusicalcomposition,soastomakepicturesorsoundsinthereader’smindbycallingupspecificdetailsofthework.(44)________.　Processwritingexplainsaseriesofactionsthatbringaboutaresult.(45)________.Thiskindofwritingisoftenfoundinart,whereunderstandinghowanarthascreatedacertaineffectisimportant.(46)_________.PartⅣReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)　SectionA　　Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.　Infamilieswithtwoworkingparents,fathersmayhavemoreimpactonachild’slanguagedevelopmentthanmothers,anewstudysuggests.　Researchers4792familiesform11childcarecentersbeforetheirchildrenwereayearold,interviewingeachtoestablishincome,levelofeducationandchildcarearrangements.Overall,itwasagroupofwell-classfamilies,withnmarriedparentsbothlivinginthehome.　Whenthechildrenwere2,researchersvideotapedthemathomeinfree-playsessionswithbothparents,48alloftheirspeech.ThestudywillappearintheNovemberissueofTheJournalofAppliedDevelopmentalPsychology.　Thescientistsmeasuredthe49numberofutterance(话语)oftheparents,thenumberofdifferentwordstheyused,thecomplexityoftheirsentencesandother50oftheirspeech.Onaverage,fathersspokelessthanmothersdid,buttheydidnotdifferinthelengthofutterancesorproportionofquestionsasked.　Finally,theresearchers51thechildren’sspeechatage3,usingastandardizedlanguagetest.Theonlypredictorsofhighscoresonthetestwerethemother’slevelofeducation,the52ofchildcareandthenumberofdifferentwordsthefatherused.　Theresearchersare53whythefather’sspeech,andnotthemother’s,hadaneffect.　“It’swell54thatthemother’slanguagedoeshaveanimpact,”saidNadyaPancsofar,theleadauthorofthestudy.Itcouldbethatthehigh-functioningmothersinthestudyhad55hadastronginfluenceontheirchildren’sspeechdevelopment,Ms.Pancsofarsaid,“oritmaybethatmothersare56inawaywedidn’tmeasureinthestudy.”A)alreadyB)analyzedC)aspectsD)charactersE)contributingF)describingG)establishedH)qualityI)quotedJ)recordingK)recruitedL)totalM)unconsciousN)unsureO)yetSectionB　Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOne　　Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.　Throughoutthislong,tenseelection,everyonehasfocusedonthepresidentialcandidatesandhowthey’llchangeAmerica.Rightlyso,butselfishly,I’mmorefascinatedbyMichelleObamaandwhatshemightbeabletodo,notjustforthiscountry,butformeasanAfrican-Americanwoman.AsthepotentialFirstLady,shewouldhavetheworld’sattention.AndthatmeansthatforthefirsttimepeoplewillhaveachancetogetupcloseandpersonalwiththetypeofAfrican-Americanwomantheysorarelysee.　Usually,thelivesofblackwomengolargelyunexamined.Theprevailingtheoryseemstobethatwe’reallhot-temperedsinglemotherswhocan’tkeepaman.Evenintheworldofmake-believe,blackwomenstillcan’tescapethestereotypeofbeingeye-rolling,oversexedfemalesraisedbyournever-married,alcoholic(酗酒的)mothers.　Theseimageshavehelpeddefinethewayallwomenareviewed,includingMichelleObama.Beforesheevergetsthechancetocommittoacause,charityorfoundationasFirstLady,hermosturgentandperhapsmostcomplicateddutymaybesimpletobeherself.　Itwon’tbeeasy.Becausefewmainstreampublicationshavedonein-depthfeaturesonregularAfrican-Americanwomen,littleisknownaboutwhoweare,whatwethinkandwhatwefaceonaregularbasis.Forbetterorworse,Michellewillrepresentusall.　Justasshewillhavehercritics,shewillalsohavemillionsoffanswhousuallyhavelittleinterestintheFirstLady.ManyAfrican-Americanblogshavewrittenaboutwhatthey’dliketoseeMichellebringtotheWhiteHouse—mainlyshowingtheworldthatablackwomancansupporthermanandraiseastrongblackfamily.Michellewillhavetoworktopleaseeveryone—animpossibletask.ButformanyAfrican-Americanwomenlikeme,justalittleofherpoise(沉着),confidenceandintelligencewillgoalongwayinchanginganimagethat’sbeenaroundforfartoolong.57.WhydoesMichelleObamaholdastrongfascinationfortheauthor?　A)SheservesasarolemodelforAfricanwomen.　B)ShepossessesmanyadmirablequalitiesbecomingaFirstLady.　C)ShewillpresenttotheworldanewimageofAfrican-Americanwomen.　D)ShewillpaycloserattentiontotheinterestsofAfrican-Americanwomen.n58.WhatisthecommonstereotypeofAfrican-Americanwomenaccordingtotheauthor?　A)Theyarevictimsofviolence.B)Theyareofaninferiorviolence.　C)Theyusequitealotofbodylanguage.D)Theyliveoncharityandsocialwelfare.59.WhatdomanyAfrican-Americanswriteaboutintheirblogs?　A)WhetherMichellecanliveuptothehighexpectationsofherfans.　B)HowMichelleshouldbehaveasapublicfigure.　C)HowproudtheyaretohaveablackwomanintheWhiteHouse.　D)WhatMichelleshoulddoaswifeandmotherintheWhiteHouse.60.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutMichelleObamaasaFirstLady?　A)Howevermanyfansshehas,sheshouldremainmodest,　B)Sheshouldn’tdisappointtheAfrican-Americancommunity.　C)Howeverhardshetries,shecan’texpecttopleaseeverybody.　D)ShewillgiveprioritytoAfrican-Americanwomen’sconcerns.61.WhatdomanyAfrican-AmericanwomenhopeMichelleObamawilldo?　A)Helpchangetheprevailingviewaboutblackwomen.　B)HelpherhusbandinthetaskofchangingAmerica.　C)OutshinepreviousFirstLady.　D)Fullydisplayherfinequalities.PassageTwoQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.　Whennextyear’scropofhigh-schoolgraduatesarriveatOxfordUniversityinthefallof2009,they’llbejoinedbyanewface;AndrewHamilton,the55-year-oldprovost(教务长)ofYale,who’llbecomeOxford’svice-chancellor—apositionequivalenttouniversitypresidentinAmerica.　Hamiltonisn’ttheonlyeducatorcrossingtheAtlantic.SchoolsinFrance,Egypt,Singapore,etc,havealsorecentlymadetop-levelhiresfromabroad.Highereducationhasbecomeabigandcompetitivebusinessnowadays,andlikesomanybusinesses,it’sgoneglobal.Yetthetalentflowisn’tuniversal.High-levelpersonneltendtoheadinonlyonedirection:outwardfromAmerica.　ThechiefreasonisthatAmericanschoolsdon’ttendtoseriouslyconsiderlookingabroad.Forexample,whentheboardoftheUniversityofColoradosearchedforanewpresident,itwantedaleaderfamiliarwiththestategovernment,amajorsourceoftheuniversity’sbudget.“Wedidn’tdoanyglobalconsideration,”saysPatriciaHayes,theboard’schair.TheboardultimatelypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessmanandpoliticalactivist(活动家)whoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents:fund-raising.Fund-raisingisadistinctivelyAmericanthing,sinceU.S.schoolsrelyheavilyondonations.Thefund-raisingabilityislargelyaproductofexperienceandnecessity.　ManyEuropeanuniversities,meanwhile,arestillmostlydependentongovernmentfunding.Butgovernmentsupporthasfailedtokeeppacewithrisingstudentnumber.Thedeclineingovernmentsupporthasmadefunding-raisinganincreasingnecessaryabilityamongadministratorsandhashiringcommitteeshungryforAmericans.　Inthepastfewyears,prominentschoolsaroundtheworldhavejoinedthetrend.In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformerYaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherpreviousjobshehadoverseen“amajorstrengtheningofYale’sfinancialposition.”　Ofcourse,fund-raisingisn’ttheonlyskilloutsidersoffer.Theglobalizationofeducationmeansmoreuniversitieswillbeseekingheadswithinternationalexperienceofsomekindofpromoteinternationalprogramsandattractaglobalstudentbody.Foreignerscanofferafreshperspectiveonestablishedpractices.62.Whatisthecurrenttrendinhighereducationdiscussedinthepassage?　A)InstitutionsworldwidearehiringadministratorsfromtheU.S.　B)Alotofpoliticalactivistsarebeingrecruitedasadministrators.　C)Americanuniversitiesareenrollingmoreinternationalstudents.　D)Universitypresidentsarepayingmoreattentiontofunding-raising.n63.WhatisthechiefconsiderationofAmericanuniversitieswhenhiringtop-leveladministrators?　A)Thepoliticalcorrectness.B)Theirabilitytoraisefunds.　C)Theirfameinacademiccircles.D)Theiradministrativeexperience.64.WhatdowelearnaboutEuropeanuniversitiesfromthepassage?　A)Thetuitionstheychargehavebeenrisingconsiderably.　B)Theiroperationisunderstrictgovernmentsupervision.　C)Theyarestrengtheningtheirpositionbyglobalization.　D)Mostoftheirrevenuescomefromthegovernment.65.CambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichardasitsvice-chancellorchieflybecause_____.　A)shewasknowntobegoodatraisingmoney　B)shecouldhelpstrengthenitstieswithYale　C)sheknewhowtoattractstudentsoverseas　D)shehadboostedYale’sacademicstatus66.Inwhatwaydotop-leveladministratorsfromabroadcontributetouniversitydevelopment?　A)Theycanenhancetheuniversity’simage.B)Theywillbringwiththemmoreinternationalfaculty.　C)Theywillviewalotofthingsfromanewperspective.D)Theycansetupnewacademicdisciplines.PartⅤCloze(15minutes)　Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.　Olderpeoplemustbegivenmorechancestolearniftheyaretocontributetosocietyratherthanbeafinancialburden,accordingtoanewstudyonpopulationpublishedrecently.　Thecurrentpeopleapproachwhich67onyoungerpeopleandonskillsforemploymentisnot68tomeetthechallengesofdemographic(人口结构的)change,itsays.Only1%oftheeducationbudgetis69spentontheoldestthirdofthepopulation.　The70includethefactthatmostpeoplecanexpecttospendathirdoftheirlivesin71,thattherearenowmorepeopleover59thanunder16andthat11.3millionpeopleare72statepensionage.　“73needstocontinuethroughoutlife.Ourhistoricconcentrationofpolicyattentionandresources74youngpeoplecannotmeetthenew75,”saysthereport’sauthor,ProfessorStephenMcNair.　Themajor76ofoureducationbudgetisspentonpeoplebelowtheageof25.77peoplearechangingtheirjobs,78,partnersandlifestylesmoreoftenthan79,theyneedopportunitiestolearnateveryage80,somepeoplearestartingnewcareersintheir50sandlater.　Peopleneedopportunitiestomakea“midlifereview”to81tothelaterstageofemployedlife,andtoplanforthetransition(过渡)82retirement,whichmaynowhappen83atanypointfrom50toover90,saysMcNair.　Andthereshouldbemoremoney84tosupportpeopleinestablishinga85ofidentityandfindingconstructive86forthe“thirdage”,the20ormoreyearstheywillspendinhealthyretiredlife.67.A)operatesB)focusesC)countsD)depends68.A)superiorB)regularC)essentialD)adequate69.A)currentlyB)barelyC)anxiouslyD)heavily70.A)regulationsB)obstaclesC)challengesD)guidelines71.A)enjoymentB)retirementC)stabilityD)inability72.A)overB)afterC)acrossD)beside73.A)IndentifyingB)LearningC)InstructingD)Practicing74.A)atB)byC)inD)on75.A)desiresB)realmsC)needsD)intentions76.A)measureB)ratioC)areaD)portion77.A)WhenB)UntilC)WhetherD)Before78.A)neighborsB)moodsC)homesD)mindsn79.A)ageB)everC)previouslyD)formerly80.A)ForexampleB)BycontrastC)InparticularD)Onaverage81.A)transformB)yieldC)adjustD)suit82.A)withinB)fromC)beyondD)to83.A)unfairlyB)unpredictablyC)instantlyD)indirectly84.A)reliableB)considerableC)availableD)feasible85.A)senseB)conscienceC)projectD)definition86.A)ranksB)assetsC)idealsD)rolesnPartVITranslation(5minutes)　Directions:CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.　87.Youwouldnothavefailedifyou__________________________(按照我的指令去做).　88.Despitethehardshipheencountered,Marknever______________(放弃对知识的追求).　89.Scientistsagreethatitwillbealongtime______________(我们找到治愈癌症的方法).　90.Productionhastobeincreasedconsiderablyto__________________(与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步).　91.Themoreexerciseyoutake,________________________(你越不大可能得感冒).2009年12月大学英语四级考试答案PartⅠWriting　CreatingaGreenCampus　Recently,withtheideaofmakingandmaintaining“agreenearth”beingthefocusofthesociety,“greencampus”hasbecomeamoreandmorepopularconceptinuniversitiesorcolleges,which,undoubtedly,willbringusanever-lastingbenefittobothourcampusandoursociety.　Theconceptof“greencampus”doesnotonlymeanagreenenvironmentbutalsoreferstoanenvironmentalsenseinpeople’smind.Campusplaysacrucialroleineducatingtheyounggenerationandtheconsciousnessof“greencampus”willdefinitelyproduceaprofoundeffectonstudents’variousenvironmentalprotectionactivitiesaftertheirgraduation.What’smore,theyounggenerationisundertheburdenofsevereenvironmentalpollutionandtherearemanyproblemswaitingforthemtosolve.　Tomake“greencampus”cometrue,firstly,itisnecessarytoworkouteffectiveprinciplesforthedevelopmentofsustainableandrecyclablecampus.Secondly,itcallsforpeople’sawarenessoftheseriouspollutionaroundusandactualactiontoreducethewaste.Lastbutnotleast,itisnecessarytostrengthenthetiesbetweencampusandsociety,soastoensurethat“greencampus”canworksmoothlywiththeco-effortofthewholesociety.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)1.B2.D3.C4.D5.B6.A7.C　　8.Qualified9.Recognizes10.excellenceSectionA11.A　12.B　　13.A　　14.B15.C　　16.C　　17.D　　18.A　　19.C　　20.B　　21.C　　22.A23.D　24.B　　25.A　　26.C27.C　　28.A29.B　　30.D　　31.A　　PassageThree32.C　　33.A　　34.D　　35.B36.classified　　37.background38.book39.appreciation　　40.context　　41.imply　　42.image　　43musicalinstrument　　44.Descriptivewritinginthehumanities,particularlyinliteratureisoftenmixedwithcriticalwriting或Descriptivewritingismixedwithcriticalwriting45.processingwriting46.morethanonetypeoftechniqueisusedinwritingPartIVReadingComprehensionSectionAn47.K　　48.J　　49.L50.C51.B　　52.H　　53.N　54.G55.A　　56.ESectionBPassageOne62.A　　63.B　　64.D　　65.A　　66.C67.B　　68.D　　69.A　　70.C　　71.B　　72.A　　73.B　　74.D　　75.C　　76.D77.A　　78.C79.B　　80.A　　81.C　　82.D　　83.B　84.C　85.A　　86.DPartⅥTranslation87.hadfollowedmyinstructions/orders88.gaveuppursuingknowledge89.beforewefindthemethodsofcuringcancers/beforewefindthecureforcancer90.keeppacewiththeconstantlyincreasingdemandsofconsumerskeepupwiththeconstantlygrowingneedsofconsumers91.thefewerchancesyouwillhaveofcatchingacold