2020版高考英语一轮复习第1部分unit1alandofdiversity教学案（含解析）新人教版选修8

2020版高考英语一轮复习第1部分unit1alandofdiversity教学案（含解析）新人教版选修8

Unit1　Alandofdiversity[单词　拼写应用]核心单词1．meansn．手段；方法2．hardshipn．苦难；困苦3．boomn．(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期4．occurvi.发生；出现5．luggagen．行李6．hirevt.&n．租用；雇用7．thankfuladj.感激的；感谢的8．reformvt.&vi.改革；革新n．改良；改革；改造9．graspvt.&n．抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会10．customsn．海关；关税；进口税[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Itjustoccurred(occur)tomethatifwewantedtogototheseashoreforourvacation，wehadbettermakereservationsinadvance.2．IamnotcertainwhetherIhavegrasped(grasp)whatyoumeant.3．Lastyearhehired(hire)threelabourerstohelphisharvest.4．Inthemeantime，mobileonlineshoppingmarketis_booming(boom)inChina，withanannualgrowthrateof63.5%.5．Wheneveritis，weshouldkeepathankful(thank)hearttowardseverythingexisted.6．Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceourcountryreformed(reform)andopenedtotheoutsideworld40yearsago.拓展单词1．majoradj.主要的vi.主修n．专业→majorityn．大多数；大半→(反义词)minorityn．少数2．electvt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→electionn．选举3．punishv．处罚；惩罚→punishmentn．处罚；惩罚4．crossn．十字；交叉adj.交叉的；生气的v．使交叉；横过→crossingn．横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道→acrossprep.在……的对面(过)；朝；向n5．applyvi.申请→applicantn．申请人→applicationn．申请书；申请6．indicatevt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→indicationn．迹象；标示→indicatorn．指示器；指示信号7．apparentadj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparentlyadv.显然地；显而易见地8．racen．种族；比赛→racialadj.人种的；种族的[语境运用]　用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Apparently，shetooknonoticeoftheapparentmistakesintheaccident.(apparent)2．OneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajorinEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(major)3．Parentsshouldn'tpunishthechildrenforsmallmistakes，becausetoomuchpunishmentwillleadtotheirlosingconfidence.(punish)4．“Walkacrossthisstreetandturnleftatthefirstcrossing．”theboytoldthelady.(cross)5．AlltheapplicantscanapplyinpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheirapplicationsbeforeMay6th.(apply)阅读词汇1．straitn．海峡2．Arcticadj.北极的；北极区的3．federaladj.联邦制的；联邦政府的4．aircraftn．飞行器；航空器；飞机5．polen．地极；电极；磁极6．vicen．&adj.代理；副职7．shavev．刮；剃8．tramn．(有轨)电车9．bakeryn．面包房；面包厂10．seagulln．海鸥11．cattlen．牛(总称)12．mournv．哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛13．nephewn．侄子；外甥拓展联想1.单复数意义不同的名词小结①custom(风俗)→customs(海关)n②manner(方式)→manners(礼貌)③paper(纸)→papers(文件)④art(艺术)→arts(文科)⑤arm(手臂)→arms(武器)⑥work(工作)→works(作品)2.带后缀ing的名词集锦①crossing十字路口②training训练③feeling感觉④wedding婚礼⑤marketing促销⑥spending花销⑦engineering工程3.后缀“or”表示“人”的高频名词①conductor售票员；列车员②translator翻译家；译者③director导演；主管④educator教育工作者⑤editor编辑⑥inventor发明家；发明者⑦operator操作员；接线员熟词生义你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？1．Shefoundherselfrarelycheckingthesocialnetworkingsite,lettingdaysorevenweeksslipbybetweenvisits.(时间)不知不觉地过去2．NotoncediditoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.想到3．Asvisitors,theleastwecandoisbeciviltothepeopleintheirownland.彬彬有礼的；客气的[短语　多维应用]高频短语1.keep_up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)2．live_on继续存在；继续生存3．make_a_life[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空。Inthehistory，theChineseimmigrationintoCaliforniadatesbacktothen习惯于新的生活方式、工作等4．by_means_of用……办法；借助……5．occur_to_sb.某人突然想到6．a_great/good_many许多；很多1850s.①A_great/good_manyChinesewenttoCalifornia②by_means_ofshipforgoldorjobs.Aftertheirarrival，theyhadto③make_a_lifethere，forwhichsomepeoplesufferedalot，andothers④kept_uptheirChinesecustomsto⑤live_on.高频短语7.take_in包括；吸收；欺骗；理解8．apply_for申请；请示得到9．mark_out用线画出范围；标出……界线10．back_to_back背靠背11．team_up_with与……合作或一起工作12．the_majority_of大多数……[语境运用]　选用左边短语的适当形式填空。Inthelateryears，⑥the_majority_ofimmigrantsfromChina⑦teamed_up_withthelocalAmericanstobuildtheirnewhomes.ThehardworkingChineseimmigrantsgradually⑧took_inAmericanEnglishto⑨apply_forjobs.TheydidreallymakeagreatcontributiontothedevelopmentofAmerica.拓展联想1.“v.＋out”结构短语荟萃①markout标出……界线②turnout结果是③makeout理解；辨认出④workout锻炼⑤cutout删去⑥comeout出版；开花2．“v.＋in”结构短语聚焦①breakin强行闯入②givein屈服；投降③turnin上交④takein吸收；欺骗⑤succeedin在……取得成功⑥engagein从事；参加；忙于[句式　结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.Itislikelythat...有可能……。However，itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.有可能我们的父母能更好地理解我们并给我们一些合理的建议。It_is_likely_thatourparentscanunderstandusbetterandgiveussomereasonableadvice.n2.Thatiswhy...那就是……的原因。Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.他迷恋电脑游戏，那就是他不得不辍学的原因。Heisaddictedtocomputergames，andthat_is_whyhehastodropoutofschool.3.Itisbelievedthat...人们认为/相信……。Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups，butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.人们普遍认为书的影响是如此之大，以至于我们的父母总是鼓励我们养成良好的阅读习惯，阅读更多的书籍。It_is_commonly_believed_thattheinfluenceofbooksissogreatthatourparentsalwaysencourageustoformgoodhabitsofreadingandtoreadmorebooks.精讲4个考纲单词1．meansn．手段；方法(1)单句语法填空①Studentssometimessupportthemselvesbymeansofdoingparttimejobs.②Everypossiblemeanshas_been_tried(try)，butnonehasworked.③Allpossiblemeanshave_been_tried(try)，butnonehasworked.④(2018·江苏卷)Timeismoney，butthatprinciplemeans(mean)differentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)Punishmentisbynomeansawisechoicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.(高级表达)By_no_means_is_punishment_a_wise_choicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.(倒装)先理解再牢记(1)bythismeans通过这种方法bymeansof用……办法；借助……byallmeans一定，务必；当然可以bynomeans决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)(2)ameansofcommunication一种通讯/交流工具n(3)meanvt.意味着[名师点津]　means是单复数同形的名词，其谓语动词的数取决于means前的修饰语：①若all/some/several/manymeans作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；②若every/each/one/ameans作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。2.majorityn．大多数；大半(1)单句语法填空①Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembersare(be)againstit.②(2016·北京卷)Infact，heinspiresmetomajorinEnglishincollege，tobeabridgebetweenChinaandtheworld.(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级(普通表达)Whenitcomestoeducation，mostpeoplebelievethatitisalifetimestudy.(高级表达)Whenitcomestoeducation，the_majority_ofpeoplebelievethatitisalifetimestudy.先理解再牢记(1)a/themajorityof...大多数……(谓语动词用复数)beina/themajority构成大部分/大多数(2)majorn．&v．专业；主修majorin主修……；以……为专业(3)minorityn．少数intheminority占少数[佳句背诵]　(2016·天津卷)Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.3.occurvi.发生；出现(1)单句语法填空①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface，somethingoccurred(occur)tome.②Itdidn'toccurtohertoaskforhelp.(2)[链接写作]——一句多译他忽然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。①It_hit_him_thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(hit)②It_struck_him_thathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.(strike)先理解再牢记nsth.occurstosb.某人想到某事Itoccurstosb.某人想到做某事Itstrikes/hitssb.that...某人突然想起……[佳句背诵]　Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingforaplacetoparkwhentheaccidentoccurred.4.indicatevt.指出；标示；表明；暗示(1)单句语法填空①Thereisagreatdealofevidenceindicating(indicate)thatlisteningtosoftmusiccanreducestress.②Asis_indicated(indicate)inthesurvey，moreandmorepeoplechoosetotravelabroad.③Thewayapersonisdressedinisagoodindication(indicate)ofhis/hercharacterorpersonality.(2)[链接写作]——完成句子图画显示，一个男孩坐在桌边专心读书。As_is_indicated_in_the_picture，aboyissittingatthetable，absorbedinreading.先理解再牢记(1)indicatesth.(tosb.)(向某人)暗示某事indicatethat/whclause表示……；示意……(2)indicationn．暗示；表示；预兆[佳句背诵]　(2016·四川卷)Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleep.诠释2个核心短语1．makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等(1)单句语法填空①Shehadtolookforparttimebabysittingjobstheseyearsto_make(make)aliving.②Thevillage，whichhadseemeddeserted，immediatelycametolife.(2)[链接写作]——完成句子汤姆是一位能靠打鱼谋生的人。Tomisamanwhocanmake_a_living_byfishing.先理解再牢记(1)makealivinglearnone'sliving维持生计，谋生n(2)live/leada...life过着……生活come(back)tolife苏醒；变得活跃；恢复生气bring...backtolife使……苏醒过来；给……活力2.takein包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留(1)写出下列句中takein的含义①(2016·四川卷)Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime，thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.吸收②Don'tbetakeninbyproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.欺骗③ItwasseveralminutesbeforeItookinwhathewassaying.理解④Imanagedtorentahousebigenoughtotakeinpeople.收留(2)[链接写作]——词汇升级(普通表达)Ilistenedtothespeechcarefully，butIstillcouldn'tunderstand.(高级表达)Ilistenedtothespeechcarefully，butIstillcouldn'ttake_anything_in．先理解再牢记takeapart拆开takedown拿下，记下takeoff起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功takeon呈现；雇用；承担takeover接收；接管；取代takeup占用；占据；开始从事[佳句背诵]　(2018·浙江卷)NowthatIhaveanadvantageoverotherapplicants，I'meagertobetakenonforthisvoluntaryjob.突破1个高考句型(教材P2)That_is_whytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。[要点提炼]　why...为表语从句，意为“这/那就是……的原因”。(1)单句语法填空①(2018·浙江卷)IhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandiseasytogetalongwith.That'swhyI'mwritingtoapplyforthejob.②ThereasonwhyTomcamelateforthemeetingwasthathewasill.(2)[链接写作]——一句多译n他有重要的事情要处理，这就是他没参加会议的原因。①Hehadanurgentthingtodealwithandthat_was_whyhedidn'tattendthemeeting.②Hedidn'tattendthemeetingandthat's_becausehehadanurgentthingtodealwith.先理解再牢记(1)That'swhy...那就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)(2)That'sbecause...那是因为……(because从句表示原因)(3)Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...……的原因是……[佳句背诵]　Tomwasverylazy.Thatwaswhyheneverachievedanythinginhislife.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thegovernmentismadeupof120officialselected(elect)bythepeopleofthecountry.2．Withthetouristtradebooming(boom)，theresidentsofthisareaarepayingmoreattentiontotheprotectionofnature.3．Theadvertisementforengineersinthelocalpaperattractedmanyapplicants(applicant)．4．Unluckily，sheslipped(slip)andfelldownfromtheupstairs.5．Inspiteofdifficulties，themayorneverabandonedreforming(reform)educationsysteminourcity.6．Shehadlookedeverywhereforherchildren，buttheywerenowhereto_be_found(find)，whichmadeherveryworried.7．Whoeverbreakstheschoolruleswillsurelyreceivepunishment(punish)．8．Themajorityoftheintervieweesprefer(prefer)watchingTVathometogoingtothecinema.9．To_keep(keep)upwithagoodstatewithyourteachersandclassmates，youshouldlearntobeongoodtermswiththem.10．Thebreadwassohard；that'swhywedidn'teatit.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Emersonwouldalwayssetdownnewideasthatwereoccurredtohim.n去掉were2．Fatheristhanktomeforpersuadinghimtogiveupsmoking.thank→thankful3．Weregrettoinformyouthatourcompanyhasbeenhiredanothergirlforthejobofsecretary.去掉been4．Havingpunishedbyhisboss，hewasinaverybadmood.Having后加been5．Infact，Ididn'trealizeitsimportanceafterIwaselectedthemonitor.去掉the6．TheysettleddowninCanadaandmadenewlifeforthemselves.made后加aⅠ.课文语法填空根据P1－3课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia，noonereallyknows.However，itislikely1.thatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.Scientistsbelievethatthesesettlers2.crossed(cross)theBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.Inthe16thcentury，afterthe3.arrival(arrive)oftheEuropeans，thenativepeoplesuffered4.greatly(great)．Thousandswerekilledorforcedinto5.slavery(slave)．Inaddition，manydiedfromthediseasesbroughtbytheEuropeans.However，somesurvivedtheseterribletimes，andtodaytherearemoreNativeAmericans6.living(live)inCaliforniathaninanyotherstate.Inthe18thcenturyCalifornia7.was_ruled(rule)bySpain.SpanishsoldiersfirstarrivedinSouthAmericaintheearly16thcentury，whentheyfoughtagainstthenativepeopleandtook8.theirland.Twocenturieslater，theSpanishhadsettledinmostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheUnitedStates.Of9.thefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia，themajoritywere10.religious(religion)men，whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.Ⅱ.写作改错双练根据提示运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并改正学生习作。n1．众所周知，自从1978年改革以来，中国经历了移民大潮。(immigration)2．据报道，成千上万的农民从农村涌向城市。(Itisreportedthat...)3．尽管辛苦，他们中的多数人都能适应城市生活。(makealife)4．有些农民甚至申请到了城市居民权，享受和当地人一样的权利。(applyfor)5．他们通过努力工作为城市的繁荣做出了贡献，自己也过上了幸福的生活。(bymeansof；boom)第一步：练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二步：练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。Asweallknow，Chinaexperiencedimmigrationmovementssincethereformin1978.Itisreportedthatthousandsoffarmerfromthecountrysidecrowdintothecities，themajorityofwhocanmakealifeinthecitiesdespitegreathardship.Someevenhaveappliedfortherighttoliveinthecityandenjoythesamerightsofthelocalpeople.Inaddition，theyhavemadeagreatcontributiontotheboomofthecitiesbymeansofworkhardandliveahappylife.【答案】　Asweallknow，Chinaexperiencedimmigrationmovementssincethereformin1978.Itisreportedthatthousandsoffromthecountrysidecrowdintothecities，themajorityofcanmakealifeinthecitiesdespitegreathardship.Someevenhaveappliedfortherighttoliveinthecityandenjoythesamerightsthelocalpeople.Inaddition，theyhavemadeagreatcontributiontotheboomofthecitiesbymeansofhardandliveahappylife.n