2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（二十九）（含解析）外研版必修5

2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（二十九）（含解析）外研版必修5

高考提能练(二十九)Module5　TheGreatSportsPersonalityⅠ.阅读理解A[2019·福州八县市一中联考]IfyouhaveachancetogotoFinland,youwillprobablybesurprisedtofindhow“foolish”theFinnishpeopleare.Takethetaxidriversforexample.TaxisinFinlandaremostlyhighclassBenzwithafareoftwoUSdollarsakilometer.Youcangoanywhereinone,tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace,saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto,andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.Thedriverwouldnotshowtheleastsignsofanxiety.Thediningroomsinallbighotelsnotonlyservetheirguests,butalsoserveoutsidediners.Hotelguestshavetheirmealsfree,sotheynaturallygotothefreediningroomstohavetheirmeals.Themosttheywoulddotoshowtheirgoodfaithistowavetheirregistrationcardstothewaiter.Withsuchaloosecheck,youcaneasilyuseanyoldregistrationcardtotakeacoupleoffriendstodinefreeofcharge.TheFinnishworkersarepaidbythehour.Theyareverymuchontheirownassoonastheyhaveagreedwiththebossontherate.Thentheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly.Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake“petty_advantages”.Butthestrangethingisthatallthetaxipassengerswouldalwayscomebacktopaytheirfaresaftertheyhaveattendedtotheirbusinessandthatnotasingleoutsiderhaseverbeenfoundinthefreehoteldiningrooms.Andworkersalwaysgiveanhonestaccountoftheexacthourstheyputin.AstheFinnsalwaysactongoodfaithineverythingtheydo,livinginsuchasociety,hasturnedeveryoneintoareal“gentleman”．体裁：夹叙夹议　题材：风土人情　主题：芬兰人的诚实【解题导语】　本文主要通过一些例子，介绍了芬兰人的诚实，并且诚实让他们成为真正的“绅士”。【难句分析】　Youcangoanywhereinone,tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace,saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto,andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中thatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto为that引导的宾语从句，作say的宾语。译文：你可以乘一辆出租车去任何地方，告诉司机让你在任何地方下车，告诉(司机)你有一些事情要处理，然后不付车费就可以离开。1．TheunderlinedwordsinParagraph5mean“________”．A．tobereadytohelpothersB．tomakegooduseofone'sfriendsC．tobealittleaheadofothersD．togainsomethingatothers'expense答案与解析：D　考查词义猜测。根据第五段第一句“Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake‘petty_advantages’”可知，在日常生活中芬兰出现了很多的“漏洞”。结合上文内容可知，在芬兰，如果你告诉出租车司机你有一些事要处理，你不付车费就可以离开；在宾馆用旧的登记卡就可以享受免费大餐；工人只要告诉老板自己工作的时长就可以得到相应的工资，这些就是“漏洞”。由此可知，芬兰确定是那些爱贪小便宜的人的天堂，画线词意为“小便宜”，故D项正确。2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．WhiletakingataxiinFinland,youcangetoffwithoutfirstpayingyourfare.nB．InabighotelinFinland,youcanenjoyfreemealsifyou'relivinginthehotel.C．ThebossesinFinlandpaytheemployeesaccordingtotheregistrationoftheirworkinghours.D．Theworkersarealwayshonestwiththeirworkinghours.答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第四段的内容，尤其是第三句“Thentheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly”可知，老板是根据工人自己所说的工作时长给工人支付工资的，而不是根据登记的时长，所以C项与文意不符，故选C项。3．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．theFinnishsocietyisofveryhighmoral(道德的)levelB．therearemanyloopholesineverydaylifeinFinlandC．inFinland,mosttaxidriverswillnotchargeyouanythingD．everyoneinFinlandislikeagentleman,fortheyhavefaithinthemselves答案与解析：A　考查理解判断。根据最后一段最后一句，并结合全文内容可知，在芬兰，乘出租车的乘客可以先下车离开，等处理完事情后再付车费；没有在宾馆登记入住的人并不会去宾馆享受免费大餐；工人可以按照自己报的工作时长向老板索要工资。因为芬兰人总是诚实地做每一件事，生活在这样一个社会，每个人都变成了一个真正的“绅士”。据此可以判断，芬兰社会有着很高的道德水平，故A项正确。4．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．LifeinFinlandB．ASocietywith“Foolish”PeopleC．WhataLifeD．HonestaccountsoftheFinns答案与解析：B　考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章由人们认为芬兰人很“愚蠢”引出本文话题，接着举例介绍了芬兰人“愚蠢”的情况，最后点明主旨，即芬兰是一个道德水平很高的国家，人们的诚实让他们都成为绅士。据此可以判断，B项最适合作文章标题。B[2019·郑州质量预测]Manyyearsago,peoplereliedonthesun,themoonandstarstofindtheirwayaround.Later,thecompasswasintroduced.Andnow,wehavesatnav(卫星导航)systemstoguideus.Asatnavsystemusesgroupsofsatellitestoshowtheuser'slocation.Theysendinformationtoareceiver,suchasasmartphone,toshowuswhereweare.TheearliestbuiltsatnavsystemistheGlobalPositioningSystem,whichbelongstotheUS.ThenthereisRussia'sGlobalNavigation(导航)SatelliteSystem,theEuropeanUnion'sGalileoandChina'sownsatellitenavigationsystem,BeiDou.OnOctober14,2017,anARJ21700plane,whichwasthefirstdomesticallyproducedjetequippedwiththeBeiDounavigationsystem,successfullycompletedatestflight.TheresultsshowedtheperformanceofthesystemdevelopedbyChinamatchesthatofsimilarsystemsproducedabroad,accordingtotheCommercialAircraftCorporationofChina.Sinceitsintroductionin2000,theBeiDounavigationsystemhasseenincreasingnumbersofapplicationslinkedtoeverydaylife,fromsharedbikestofarming.Whenitcomestosharedbikes,smartlocksthatsupportBeiDouchipsoffermoreaccuratepositioningthanothers,makingiteasiertofindabike.FarmerscanuseBeiDouenabledtractorstoplow(犁)thesoilanduseunmannedaircraftswithBeiDoutosowseeds,whichcanimproveefficiencyandmakebetteruseofresources.BeiDou'sfarmingapplicationshavespreadfromHeilongjiangProvincetoBeijing,Liaoning,Shanxi,HubeiandotherregionsacrossChina.Withitsmanyuses,theBeiDounavigationsystemisevenplayingabigroleintheBeltandRoad(“一带一路”)construction.“Todate,theBeiDousystemhascoverednmostpartsoftheAsiaPacificregion,aswellascountriesalongtheSilkRoadEconomicBeltandthe21stCenturyMaritimeSilkRoad，”saidYangChangfeng，chiefdesigneroftheBeiDousystem.Today,therearemorethan20BeiDousatellitesaboveourheads,andChinaplanstolaunchevenmorethisyeartoexpandtheBeiDounetworktobetterservetheBeltandRoadInitiative.“AsBeiDouexpandsitsoverseasreach,itwillbeincreasinglypopularinthelogistics(物流)industry，”saidMiaoQianjun，secretarygeneralofthenavigationservicesassociation.“Ships，forexample，canuseittopositionthemselveswhilesailingacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries，nolongerlimitedtoSoutheastAsianregionsinthenearfuture.”体裁：说明文　题材：科技信息　主题：北斗卫星导航系统【解题导语】　作者主要介绍了中国的北斗卫星导航系统在生活中的运用，如共享单车、农业等。【难句分析】　Ships，forexample，canuseittopositionthemselveswhilesailingacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries,nolongerlimitedtoSoutheastAsianregionsinthenearfuture.分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是Ships，forexample，canuseittopositionthemselves;whilesailingacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries是一个时间状语从句；nolongerlimitedtoSoutheastAsianregionsinthenearfuture是过去分词短语作状语。译文：例如，在不久的将来，轮船穿越海洋到欧洲国家的时候，它们可以利用它(北斗卫星导航系统)来给自己定位，不再局限于东南亚地区。5．Whatisthepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Tocomparesomemodernsatnavsystems.B．Todescribethebenefitsofsatnavsystems.C．Totellushowsatnavsystemswerecreated.D．Tointroducesomesatnavsystemsandtheirfunctions.答案与解析：D　考查写作意图。第一、第二段介绍了卫星导航系统的作用、简单的原理及全球主要的卫星导航系统，故答案是D。6．WhatcanweknowabouttheBeiDounavigationsystemaccordingtothearticle?A．Itwasusedsuccessfullyinanewjetplane.B．Itismorepowerfulthanothersatnavsystems.C．ItwasintroducedtoChinaonOctober14,2017.D．Itwasn'tusedinoureverydaylifeuntilrecently.答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第三段首句“OnOctober14,2017，anARJ21700plane，whichwasthefirstdomesticallyproducedjetequippedwiththeBeiDounavigationsystem，successfullycompletedatestflight”可知，一架装备有北斗卫星导航系统的喷气式飞机成功完成了试飞，故答案是A。7．Accordingtothearticle，theBeiDounavigationsystemisalreadywidelyusedfor________.A．plowingthesoilandsowingseedsB．improvingtheefficiencyofnetworksC．producingmoresmartlocksforsharedbikesD．navigatingshipsacrossoceanstoEuropeancountries答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Farmerscanuse...tosowseeds”“BeiDou'sfarmingapplicationshavespreadfromHeilongjiangProvincetoBeijing，Liaoning，Shanxi，HubeiandotherregionsacrossChina”可知，北斗卫星导航系统已经广泛运用于耕地、播种中，故答案是A。8．WhatisMiaoQianjun'sattitudetowardthefutureoftheBeiDousystem?A．Worried.　B．Casual.nC．Positive.D．Doubtful.答案与解析：C　考查推理判断。根据题干中的关键词MiaoQianjun定位到最后一段，根据该段首句“‘AsBeiDouexpandsitsoverseasreach,itwillbeincreasinglypopularinthelogistics(物流)industry，’saidMiaoQianjun,secretarygeneralofthenavigationservicesassociation”可知，他认为，北斗卫星导航系统将会在物流业中越来越受欢迎，由此可推知，他对北斗卫星导航系统的前景是持积极乐观的态度的，故答案是C。Ⅱ.七选五[2019·郑州第二次质量预测]Perhapsyouhaveheardtheexpression“WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.”SowhenyouwanttodobusinessinFrance,youhavetogettoknowFrenchculture,makemarketingplans,andrunyourbusinessbylocallaws.__1__TheFrenchtakegreatprideintheirlanguage,soanyonewhodoesnotspeakitmayruntheriskofbeingdisrespectedbyhisFrenchcolleaguesorbusinesspartners.Also,anotherreasonwhylearningFrenchisimportantisthatitisagreatwaytoshoweverypossibleFrenchbusinesspartnerthatyoucareandrespecttheircountry'scultureandlanguage.Thefirstthingthatyoushoulddowhenmeetingsomeonenewistoshakehishandfirmlyandalwayslookatthepersonintheeye.Insocialmeetingswithfriends,kissingiscommon.Usefirstnamesonlyafterbeinginvitedto.__2__TheFrenchwillsometimesintroducethemselvesusingtheirsurnamefirst,followedbytheirfirstname.Dresswell.__3__Yourbusinessclothingisareflectionofyoursuccessandsocialstatus.Alwaystrytobetastefulandstylish.Womenareadvisedtodresssimplybutelegantly.Wearingmakeupispracticedwidelybybusinesswomen.TheFrencharepassionateaboutfood,solunchesarecommonindoingbusinessinFrance,whichusuallyconsistofanappetizer,amainmealwithwine,cheese,dessertandcoffee,andnormallytakeuptotwohours.__4__Donotbegineatinguntilthehostsays“bonappetite”.Passdishestotheleft,keepwristsabovethetableandtrytoeateverythingontheplate.__5__Thismaysuggestthatyoufindthefoodtasteless.Ifeatinginarestaurant,thepersonwhomakesaninvitationalwayspays.A．Remembertobeaspoliteaspossible.B．Thisisatimeforrelationshipbuilding.C．UseMonsieurorMadamebeforethesurname.D．Becarefulwithaddingsalt,pepperorsaucestoyourfood.E．Makeanappointmentwithyourbusinesspartnerinadvance.F．TheFrenchdrawinformationaboutpeoplebasedontheirappearance.G．LanguageshouldbethefocusofanyoneplanningtodobusinessinFrance.体裁：说明文　题材：文化　主题：法国的礼仪【语篇解读】　任何人如果想在法国做生意，都要了解法国的文化，做到入乡随俗。1．答案与解析：G　根据本段后面的内容可知，法国人为他们的语言感到骄傲，所以想在法国做生意，学习法语是很重要的。G项“任何打算在法国做生意的人都应该关注语言”与下文联系紧密，故选G。2．答案与解析：C　结合空处前后的内容可以看出，本段就名字的使用提出了建议，而与名字的使用相关的是C项“在姓之前使用先生或夫人”，故选C。3．答案与解析：F　本段的中心句是第一句“Dresswell”，接着就服饰方面提出了一些建议，故空处应选F项“法国人根据人们的外表来获取信息”。4．答案与解析：B　根据本段第一句可知，法国人酷爱食物，在法国做生意时，共进午餐是很常见的，且午餐用时多达两个小时。那么，共进午餐的时间也是建立关系的时间，B项符合语境，故本题选B。5．答案与解析：D　本段就餐桌礼仪方面提出了建议。D项“在食物中加入盐、胡椒粉或酱汁时要小心”与下一句“这可能表明你觉得饭菜没味儿”衔接紧密，故本空选D。nⅢ.短文改错[2019·陕西检测]DearMr.Thomas，IlearnfromtheNoticeBoardthatyouwantawordeditorfortheEnglishWeekly.LuckilyIhadafriend,David,whoisgoodforEnglish.Ithinkheistherightpersonforapost.DaviddoeswellinwriteinEnglishandoncewonfirstprizeintheEnglishwritingcontestholdinginourschool.What'smuch,Davidisafriendlyboyandhe'salwaysreadytohelpotherwheneverheisneeded.And,mostimportant,hegetsonwellwithallhisclassmatesandwillingtoworkforthegoodoftheteam.Pleaseoffertohimachance.I'msurehewillgiveyouasurprise.Yours，Sam答案：DearMr.Thomas，IlearnfromtheNoticeBoardthatyouwantawordeditorfortheEnglishWeekly.LuckilyIafriend,David,whoisgoodEnglish.Ithinkheistherightpersonforpost.DaviddoeswellininEnglishandoncewonfirstprizeintheEnglishwritingcontestinourschool.What's，Davidisafriendlyboyandhe'salwaysreadytohelpwheneverheisneeded.And,most，hegetsonwellwithallhisclassmatesandwillingtoworkforthegoodoftheteam.Pleaseofferhimachance.I'msurehewillgiveyouasurprise.Yours，Sam①had改为have。考查时态。幸运的是，我有一个名叫David的朋友，他擅长英语。根据该句中的is可知，该处陈述的是当前的事情，故用一般现在时。②for改为at。考查固定搭配。begoodat为固定搭配，意为“擅长……”。③a改为the。考查定冠词。他是该职位的合适人选。根据语境可知，该处的“post”属于特指，故用定冠词the。④write改为writing。考查动名词。David英语写作很好，他曾经在学校举行的英语写作比赛中获得了一等奖。根据该句中的介词in可知，该处作该介词的宾语，故用动名词。⑤holding改为held。考查过去分词。分析该句结构可知，名词theEnglishwritingcontest和动词hold之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。⑥much改为more。考查固定搭配。此外，David是一个友善的男生，无论何时只要别人需要他，他总是随时准备帮助他人。what'smore为固定搭配，意为“此外，另外”。⑦other改为others。考查不定代词。动词help后接宾语，表示“帮助他人”，故用others。⑧important改为importantly。考查副词。最重要的是，他和他所有的同学都能和睦相处，并乐意为团队的利益而工作。根据语境可知，该处应用副词修饰整个句子，故用importantly。⑨在and后加is。考查主谓一致。bewillingtodosth.为固定用法，意为“乐意做某事”；该句主语为he，属于第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数。n⑩删除offer后的to。考查固定搭配。offer为及物动词，offersb.sth.为固定搭配，意为“向某人提供某物”，故to多余。