2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（一）（含解析）外研版

2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（一）（含解析）外研版

高考提能练(一)Module1　MyFirstDayatSeniorHighⅠ.阅读理解A[2019·湖北八校第一次联考]EvenforacertifiedteacherwithadegreeandteachingcertificatefromFlorida,acertainembarrassmentexists.Thetwowords“Englishteacher”don'tclearlyshowwhoIam.Letmeexplain:WhenIgobacktotheUS,Imeetallmyoldfriends.Somearestressed,exhaustedandgenerallyunhappy.Theyarestuckinjobstheydon'tlovethattheydoonlytopaythebills.Eventheonesmakinggoodmoneydon'tevenhavethetimetospenditandenjoythemselves.IfIwereintheUSandIwasworkingasateacher,anaccountant,alawyerorsoon,thenthatwouldbemyjobmoreorlessforthenext30to40years.Imighthaveothertalents,butIwouldbelimitedinbeingabletoexplorethem.InChinathesystemisfluidforeveryone:Chineseandexpats(侨民).Iknowmanyfriends,bothChineseandexpats,whochangedcareersbecausetheywantedsomethingnewanditdidn'trequiregoingbacktouniversitytostudyforfourmoreyears.Allitrequiredwasmotivationandacalculatedrisk.OneofthebestthingsaboutlivinginChinaformeisthatIcanexploredifferentcareerchoicesandactuallyfindonethatItrulylove.Let'sfaceitthatpeoplechangeovertheyears:Yourlikes,yourabilitiesandeventhethingsthatmakeyouhappyareconstantlychanging.Whyshouldn'tyourjobsandtheopportunitiesalsochangewithyou?WhenpeopleaskmeifIlovemyjob,myansweris“YES.”InChinaIhavehadmanyjobs:anactor,amodel,asalesmanandateacheratvariousstagesduringmysevenyearshere.Andnoonetoldme“Youcan'tdothat.”Therewasnoselflimiting.InChina,ifyouhavethemotivationtoworkhardandthedrivetosucceedthenopportunitiespresentthemselvesaroundeverycorner.体裁：夹叙夹议文　题材：职业选择　主题：“我”在美国和中国的职业选择【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。尽管“我”有学位和教师资格证，但是在美国“我”可能会像“我”的美国朋友一样，做着不喜欢的工作，因而感到不开心，但是，在中国，“我”可以尝试各种不同的工作，只要有动力，就能找到机会。【难句分析】　OneofthebestthingsaboutlivinginChinaformeisthatIcanexploredifferentcareerchoicesandactuallyfindonethatItrulylove.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中thatIcanexploredifferentcareerchoicesandactuallyfindonethatItrulylove为that引导的表语从句，其中thatItrulylove为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词one。译文：对我来说，在中国生活最好的事情之一就是我可以探索不同的职业选择，并且的确找到了一个我真正喜欢的职业。1．Whytheterm“Englishteacher”couldn'texplaintheauthor'sroleinChinaclearly?A．BecausehehastakenmanydifferentjobsinChina.B．BecausehehasnochoicebuttobeanEnglishteacher.C．Becausethepurposeofhisteachingistomakegoodmoney.D．Becausethere'retoomanyjobsforhimtochoosefrom.答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第四段，尤其是第二句“InChinaIhavehadmanyjobs:anactor,amodel,asalesmanandateacheratvariousstagesduringmysevenyearshere”可知，“我”在中国生活的七年时光中，从事了多种职业，故第一段中所说的“英语老师”这个词并不能清楚地说明“我”在中国的角色。2．Whyaresomeoftheauthor'soldfriendsgenerallyunhappy?nA．BecausetheyhavenochancetoworkinChinaasteachers.B．Becauseit'sevenharderforthemtoearnmoneyintheUSnow.C．Becausetheyhavenoabilitytoexploretheirothertalents.D．Becausetheycan'tgetawayfromtheworktheydon'tenjoy.答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第二段，尤其是第二到四句“Somearestressed,exhaustedandgenerallyunhappy.Theyarestuckinjobstheydon'tlovethattheydoonlytopaythebills.Eventheonesmakinggoodmoneydon'tevenhavethetimetospenditandenjoythemselves”可知，在美国，“我”的老朋友中的一些人压力很大，疲惫不堪，而且不快乐。他们被困在自己不喜欢的职业中，只是为了赚钱而工作。即使是那些赚了大钱的人也没有时间去消费和享受生活。故D项正确。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fluid”inParagraph3mean?A．Strict.　　　B．Fixed.C．Changeable.D．Exciting.答案与解析：C　考查词义猜测。根据第三段第二句“Iknowmanyfriends,bothChineseandexpats,whochangedcareersbecausetheywantedsomethingnewanditdidn'trequiregoingbacktouniversitytostudyforfourmoreyears”可知，在中国，许多职业并不需要四年的大学学习，人们可以自由选择职业，故中国的工作体制不是僵化的，而是可变的。据此可知，该词意为“可变的”，故C项正确。干扰项分析：A项意为“严格的”，B项意为“固定的”，D项意为“令人兴奋的”，都与文意不符。4．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofChina?A．Acountrywithoutmotivation.B．Alandofopportunities.C．Anationfullofforeigners.D．Aplaceshortofjobs.答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。根据第四段最后一句“InChina,ifyouhavethemotivationtoworkhardandthedrivetosucceedthenopportunitiespresentthemselvesaroundeverycorner”可知，“我”认为，在中国，如果你有努力工作的动力和成功的魄力，那么机会就会出现在你眼前。据此可以判断，“我”认为中国是一个充满着机会的国度，故B项正确。B[2019·洛阳统考]ItisquiteapparentthatcompetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherintheUnitedStatesortheAmazonRainForest.Withoutitwewouldnothavegrownintoprimates(灵长目动物).Orwewouldprobablystillbestrugglingtosharpenabronzetoolwhilecrawlingaroundonfourlegsinsearchofmeat.Withoutcompetition,Columbuswouldn'thavediscoveredAmericaandEdisonwouldneverhaveinventedthelightbulb.Thefriendship,likeallrelationshipsbetweentwopeople,involvescompetition.Itisn'tcompetitioninatraditionalsensebecausetherearenogoalstobescoredandnoprizes.Perhapstheecologicaldefinition—thesimultaneous(同时的)demandbytwoormoreorganismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrients,livingspace,orlight—betterexplainsit.Asinnature,highschoollifeisgovernedbyasetoflaws,similartoashortenedversionofDarwin'stheoryofevolution,overpopulation,andcompetition.Thereisanabundanceofhighschoolstudentsandtodistinguishthem,rankingandcategorizing(分类)takeplace.Inhighschool,friendshipcoexistswithcompetitioneventhoughattimestherelationshipisrough.Infact,insomecircumstances,competitionistoomuchofaburdenforfriendshiptobear,causingittofallapart.Collegeadmissionisthefinalhighschoolobjective.Fouryearsofhardworkistoachievegoodgrades,andastudent'sfateisdeterminednotonlybytheseachievements,butbytherecordsofthousandsofotherseniorstryingtoachievesimilarrecognition.nNevertheless,bynecessity,competitionbetweenstudentsexistsinallaspectsofhighschoollife.Itsetsandimprovesthestandardsineverythingfromsportstoschoolwork.Healthy,friendlycompetitioncanhaveonlybenefits,butwhenitbecomestoofierce,jealousy(妒忌)cantearfriendshipapart.Yet,despiteallthis,withoutcompetition,wewouldbelost.体裁：议论文　题材：友谊　主题：友谊与竞争【语篇解读】　本文主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。【难句分析】　ItisquiteapparentthatcompetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherintheUnitedStatesortheAmazonRainForest.分析：thatcompetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherintheUnitedStatesortheAmazonRainForest是真正的主语，而It作形式主语；whether...or...意为“不管是……还是……”。译文：很显然，无论是在美利坚合众国还是在亚马孙热带雨林，竞争围绕着人类生活的各个方面。5．Whatdoestheecologicaldefinitionmainlyexplain?A．Howfriendscompetewitheachother.B．Howtowinthecompetition.C．Whattheresultofcompetitionis.D．Whatcompetitionexactlyis.答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。分析第二段最后—句“Perhapstheecologicaldefinition—thesimultaneous(同时的)demandbytwoormoreorganismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrients,livingspace,orlight—betterexplainsit”可知，该句的主干是Perhapstheecologicaldefinitionbetterexplainsit，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“competition”。两个破折号之间的内容解释“theecologicaldefinition”。句意：两个或者更多的生物体同时对有限的生态环境资源有需求，如营养物质、生存空间、光——这一生态学定义更好地解释了竞争(的含义)。故选D项。6．Accordingtotheauthor,whatcausesthehighschoolstudentstocompete?A．Thenumberofthemistoolarge.B．Friendshipisaburdenforthem.C．Theyknowthelawsofnaturewell.D．Theyaredividedintodifferentgroups.答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。故选A项。7．Whichbestdescribestherelationshipoffriendshipandcompetition?A．Friendshipisalwaysbasedoncompetition.B．Thedegreeofcompetitionisvitaltofriendship.C．Competitionisterriblyharmfultofriendship.D．Competitionisaresultoflostfriendship.答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Healthy,friendlycompetitioncanhaveonlybenefits,butwhenitbecomestoofierce,jealousy(妒忌)cantearfriendshipapart”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂。因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。故选B项。Ⅱ.七选五[2019·昆明调研]HowtoBeaGoodListenertoYourFamilyCommunicationisimportantforstrongfamilyrelationships.__1__Workingonyourlisteningskillscanhelpyoucommunicatebetterandformstrongerbonds.Listenactively.Whenlisteningtoafamilymember,donotletyourmindwanderntootherthings.It'simportanttomakeyourfamilymemberfeelheardandvalued.Putyourphoneawayandgivethemyourfullattention.Neverthinkaboutotherthingswhensomeoneistalking.__2__Repeatwhathasbeensaid.Brieflysummarizingwhatthespeakerhassaidcangoalongwaytowardseffectivecommunication.Everyonewantstofeelvaluedandheard,sorepeatingafamilymember'spointcanshowyouwerelistening.__3__Itcanreallyallowyouandyourfamilytocommunicatebetteraswell.__4__Interruptingcanputbreaksoneffectiveconversation.Alwaysallowafewsecondsofsilenceaftersomeonefinishestalkingbeforeofferingyourresponse.Thisallowsyoutomakesurethespeakerhasfinishedtalking.Donottalkoversomeoneeither.Nomatterhowcuriousyoufeelaboutasubject,donotstarttalkinguntiltheotherpersonhasfinished.Avoidhurryingthespeaker.__5__Donotbreakinbeforethespeakerisfinishedjusttohurrythespeakeralong.Neversaythingslike“Canyougettothepoint？”Thiswillmakeitseemlikeyou'renotinterestedintheconversation.A．Donotinterrupt.B．Neverrushthepersonintotalking.C．Instead,focusonwhat'sbeingsaid.D．Peopletendtopausewhentheyspeak.E．Itcanhelpyoumakesureyouunderstoodthespeaker.F．Whensomeonefinishestalking,askquestionsifnecessary.G．However,ifyoudon'ttrulylistentoothers,itcanbedifficulttocommunicate.体裁：议论文　题材：人际交往　主题：倾听家人的良方【语篇解读】　本文介绍了四个改善家庭成员间关系的倾听技巧。1．答案与解析：G　空前一句突出交流对巩固家庭成员之间关系的重要性，空后一句是说使用倾听技巧可以帮助你更好地交流以及建立更密切的联系，故G项“然而，如果你不能真正地倾听他人，交流就会变得困难”从反面进一步强调倾听的重要性。2．答案与解析：C　本段围绕“Listenactively”展开，根据本段的内容及空前一句“当别人讲话时不要去想其他的事情”可知，C项“而要关注对方正在说的内容”符合语境。3．答案与解析：E　本段紧扣“Repeatwhathasbeensaid”进行论证，空处与前一句构成递进关系，E选项中的“It”指代前一句中的“repeatingafamilymember'spoint”。4．答案与解析：A　空处为段首句，根据段落特征可知，本句应为祈使句且为本段的主题句。空后一句讨论打断别人会中断有效的交流，由此可以推断段首句应为不要打断(他人说话)，故A项符合语境。5．答案与解析：B　本段主题是“避免催促说话人”。空处谈论的内容应与首句相关，B项中的“rush”与空前的“hurrying”同义，表示“催促”，故选B项。Ⅲ.短文改错[2019·南昌模拟]Thereistoomanypeopleandtoomanypollutionontheearth.Ifwemovedtothemoononeday,howwouldlifebelikethere?Inmyopinion,lifewouldbemuchmorecomfortonthemoonthanontheearth.Therewouldn'tbepollutionortrafficjam.Wecouldgowhereverwelikeinoneminutebythespaceship,whichwouldbemuchfastthanatrainoranairplane.Wewouldeatwhateveryoulikewithoutbeingconcernedunhealthyingredients.ThisisaplacewhereIamalwaysdreamingabout.答案：Thereitoomanypeopleandtoomanpollutionontheearth.Ifwemovedtothemoononeday,howouldlifebelikethere?Inmyopinion,lifewouldbemuchmorecomforonthemoonthanonntheearth.Therewouldn'tbepollutionortrafficja.Wecouldgowhereverwelikeinoneminutebyspaceship,whichwouldbemuchfasthanatrainoranairplane.Wewouldeatwhateveryolikewithoutbeingconcernedunhealthyingredients.Thisisaplacewher/Iamalwaysdreamingabout.①is改为are。考查主谓一致。therebe句型的谓语遵循就近原则，谓语动词要和后面的toomanypeople保持一致，故用复数形式。②many改为much。考查限定词。pollution是不可数名词，故用much。③how改为what。考查代词。Whatissb./sth.like？是固定句型，like是介词，故本句中用what。④comfort改为comfortable。考查形容词。muchmore一般修饰形容词或者副词，此处为系表结构，故用comfort的形容词形式。⑤jam改为jams。考查名词复数。那里可能没有污染，也没有交通堵塞。trafficjam意为“交通堵塞”，为可数名词词组且其无限定词修饰，故用复数形式。⑥删除the。考查冠词。“by＋交通工具”表示出行的方式时，名词用单数形式，且不用冠词修饰。⑦fast改为faster。考查形容词比较级。than是比较级的标志词，much、far等副词后常跟形容词或副词的比较级，表示程度。⑧you改为we。考查代词。与主句主语We呼应，故用we作从句的主语。⑨在concerned后加about。考查介词。beconcernedabout意为“对……担心的”，后跟名词或代词等作宾语。⑩where改为that/which或删除where。考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句，关系代词在从句中作about的宾语，指代先行词place，故将where改为that/which或删除where。