2020版高考英语复习unit11themedia知能演练轻松闯关（含2019届新题，含解析）北师大版

2020版高考英语复习unit11themedia知能演练轻松闯关（含2019届新题，含解析）北师大版

Unit11TheMedia课时练1　阅读理解提速练[学生用书P283(单独成册)]阅读理解A(2019·湖北重点中学模拟)Don’thaveplentyoftimeforreading？Ifyouareinterestedinnonfictionbooks，herearegoodchoicesforyou.ARoomofOne’sOwnThisessaybyEnglishwriterVirginiaWoolfisbasedonherseverallecturesgiventotwowomen’scollegesatCambridgeUniversityin1928.Init，Woolfdescribesthatit’scircumstancenottalentalonethatallowsmentobemoresuccessfulatwriting.Women，inotherwords，spendsomuchtimecooking，cleaning，andtendingtotheirchildrenthattheyhavenotimeleftforart.Towritewell，therefore，awomanmusthave“aroomofherown”.Whileonitssurface，thisessayappearstobeonlyaboutwriting，itisactuallyaboutwealthandclass，freedomandimprisonment，andthepowerstrugglebetweensexes.TheArtofWarWrittenbyancientChinesemilitarystrategistSunZi，TheArtofWariswidelyconsideredtobeoneofthebestbooksaboutmilitarystrategy(军事战略)inhumanhistory.Consistingof13chapters，eachdealingwithaseparateaspectabouthowtofightawar，thebookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguagesandhasthousandsofeditions.Forcenturies，ithasbeenusedtotrainmilitaryleadersforitsdetailedstudyofmilitarystrategyandeffectiveleadership.LettertoMyDaughterThisbookofessaysandpoemsbyMayaAngelou，arespectableAmericanpoet，iswrittenfor“thedaughtersheneverhad”—themillionsofwomen，bothyoungandold，whosheconsiderstobeher“family”.Fromtheviewpointofacaring，olderrelative，thisbookcontainslessonsselectedfromherownlifeexperiences，includingthebirthofheronlychild，ason，aswellasthedevelopmentandlossoffriendship.ABriefHistoryofTimeIfyou’reshortontime，thenwhynotreadabout，well，thecreationofntime？Thisbook，firstpublishedin1998frombrilliantscientistandmathematicianStephenHawking，exploresmindbendingquestionsaboutthecreationoftheuniverse，includingifandwhenitwillend，andifso，how.Despiteitsheavysubjectmatter，Hawkingaddressesthesequestionsinawaythat’seasytounderstand，evenforthosewhoknowlittleaboutphysics.【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了四本纪实类文学作品。1．Whatcanwelearnaboutthefourbooks?A．ABriefHistoryofTimemainlyfocusesonthematteroftime.B．LettertoMyDaughterisactuallyacommonfamilyletter.C．TheArtofWargivesadviceonhowtobemilitaryleaders.D．ARoomofOne’sOwnismorethanaboutwriting.D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Whileonitssurface，thisessayappearstobeonlyaboutwriting，itisactuallyaboutwealthandclass，freedomandimprisonment，andthepowerstrugglebetweensexes.”可知，虽然表面上这篇文章只跟写作有关，但是实际上它是有关财富和社会等级，自由和监禁以及两性之间的权力之争的，所以D项正确。morethan意思是“不仅仅”。2．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Asaphysicist，Hawkingisequallyfamousforwriting.B．Mayadevotesherselftofightingforwomen’srights.C．ThebookbySunZiishelpfulinpolicymaking.D．Woolflooksdownuponmeninwriting.C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“TheArtofWariswidelyconsideredtobeoneofthebestbooksaboutmilitarystrategy(军事战略)”和“eachdealingwithaseparateaspectabouthowtofightawar”可知，TheArtofWar对政策的制定有帮助。所以选项C正确。3．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Tomakecomparisonsbetweenthefourbooks.B．Torecommendthefourbookstoreaders.C．Tomakecommentsonthefourbooks.D．Topromotesalesofthefourbooks.B　解析：写作意图题。根据第一段“Don’thaveplentyoftimeforreading？Ifyouareinterestedinnonfictionbooks，herearegoodchoicesforyou.”可知，本文的写作目的是向读者介绍文中提到的四本作品。所以选项B正确。Bn(2019·甘肃重点中学协作体高三第一次联考)InancientEgypt,thepharaoh(法老)treatedthemessagerunnerlikeaprincewhenhearrivedatthepalace,ifhebroughtgoodnews.However,iftheexhaustedrunnerhadthemisfortunetobringthepharaohunhappynews,hisheadwascutoff.Shadesofthatspiritspreadovertoday’sconversations.OnceafriendandIpackedupsomepeanutbutterandsandwichesforanouting.Aswewalkedlightheartedlyoutofthedoor,picnicbasketinhand,asmilingneighborlookedupattheskyandsaid,“Ohboy,abaddayforapicnic.Theweathermansaysit’sgoingtorain.”Iwantedtostrikehimonthefacewiththepeanutbutterandsandwiches.Notforhisstupidweatherreport,butforhissmile.SeveralmonthsagoIwasracingtocatchabus.AsIbreathlesslyputmyhandfulofcashacrosstheGreyhoundcounter,thesalesagentsaidwithabroadsmile,“Oh,thatbusleftfiveminutesago.”Dreamsofheadcutting!It’snotthenewsthatmakessomeoneangry.It’stheunsympatheticattitudewithwhichit’sdelivered(传递).Everyonemustgivebadnewsfromtimetotime,andbigwinnersdoitwiththeproperattitude.Adoctoradvisinghispatientthatsheneedsanoperationdoesitinacaringway.Abossinforminganemployeehefailstogetthejobtakesonasympathetictone.Bigwinnersknow,whendeliveringanybadnews,theyshouldsharethefeelingofthereceiver.Unfortunately,manypeoplearenotawareofthis.Whenyou’retiredfromalongflight,hasahotelclerkcheerfullysaidthatyourroomisn’treadyyet?Whenyouhadyourheartsetonthetoastedbeef,hasyourwaitermerrilytoldyouthathejustservedthelastpiece?Itmakesyouasatravelerordinerwanttolandyourfistrightontheirunsympatheticfaces.Hadmyneighbortoldmeoftheupcomingrainstormwithsympathy,Iwouldhaveappreciatedhiswarning.HadtheGreyhoundsalesclerksympatheticallyinformedmethatmybushadalreadyleft,Iprobablywouldhavesaid,“Oh，that’sallright.I’llcatchthenextone.”Bigwinners,whentheybearbadnews,deliverbombswiththeemotionthebombarded(被轰炸的)personissuretohave.【解题导语】　本文主要讲述当我们要告诉别人不好的消息的时候，要注意说话的方式和语气，还要带有同情心。4．From“Dreamsofheadcutting！”(Paragraph3),welearnthatthewriter________．A．wasremindedofthecruelpharaohnB．wasmadatthesalesagentC．wishedthatthesalesagentwouldhavebaddreamsD．dreamedofcuttingthesalesagent’sheadthatnightB　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的描述可知，“我”对售票员的态度很恼火。5．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Theauthorreallyappreciatedtheneighbor’swarning.B．Fromthepassageweknowthatitisthebadnewsthatmakessomeoneangry.C．Iftherunnerbroughttothepharaohunhappynews,hewouldbetreatedlikeaprince.D．Whenwewanttodeliveranybadnews,weshouldsharethefeelingofthereceiver.D　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Bigwinnersknow,whendeliveringanybadnews,theyshouldsharethefeelingofthereceiver.”可知，当告诉别人不好的消息的时候，应该带有同情心，应该分担消息接收者不好的感觉。6．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Receivingbadnewsrequiresgreatcourage.B．Helpingotherssincerelyisthekeytobusinesssuccess.C．Deliveringbadnewswithsympathyisimportantincommunication.D．Learningancienttraditionscanbeuseful.C　解析：主旨大意题。本文主要告诉我们当我们告诉别人不好的消息的时候，要注意讲话的方式和态度，应该带有同情心，分担别人的忧愁。7．Inthewriter’sopinion,hisneighborwas________．A．nothelpfulB．notconsiderateC．friendlyD．warmheartedB　解析：推理判断题。第二段中的“Aswewalkedlightheartedlyoutofthedoor,picnicbasketinhand,asmilingneighborlookedupattheskyandsaid...Iwantedtostrikehimonthefacewiththepeanutbutterandsandwiches.”以及最后一段中的“Hadmyneighbortoldmeoftheupcomingrainstormwithsympathy,Iwouldhaveappreciatedhiswarning.”可知，“我”认为邻居没有同情心，不能为别人考虑。故选B项。Cn(2019·山西太原高三模拟)At39weekspregnantmostwomenwouldonlybethinkingofracingtohospital.ButnotAmberMiller,whosetofftoruntheChicagoMarathonwhileexpectinghersecondchildanyday.Asshenearedthefinalstageoftherace,shebegantofeelpaininthestomach.Butthedeterminedathletemanagedtocrossthefinishlinein6hoursand25minutes.UnbelievablytheChicagoracewasnotevenbabyJune’sfirstmarathon—MillerrantheWisconsinMarathonearlierthisyear,fourmonthspregnant.Shealsorananothermarathonwhenshewasaboutfourmonthspregnantwithherson,Caleb.Althoughtherewasextraweight,theseasonedrunner’stimewasjust3hoursoffherpersonalbest.Millerbegantofeelpainneartheendoftherace,butshewasnotsureifitwaslabor(分娩),becauseshetypicallyfeelssomepainwhensherunswhilepregnant.AfterherraceherhusbanddrovehertoCentralDuPageHospitalinWinfieldwhereshegavebirthtothehealthy7pounds,13ouncebaby.Millerdecidedtorunbecausesheandherhusbandhadalreadysignedupfortherace.Theathleticmothersaidsheexperiencedanenthusiasticwelcomefromcrowdsassheranalong.Butthedevotedrunner,whohadcompletedeightmarathons,admittedthatshedidgetafewstrangelooksalongthecourse.“IknowwhatIcanhandle.ThisissomethingI’vebeendoingforalongtime，”theexperiencedmarathonrunnersaid.Junewasbornat10：29p．m.onSundaynightaftersevenhours’labor.“She’sabsolutelyperfect，”Millersaid.“Weareextremelyhappy,butverytired.”Afterhersurprisingdoubleachievement,Millersayssheisplanningtotakesometimeofftoconcentrateonbeingafulltimemom.【解题导语】　本文讲述了在芝加哥马拉松赛上，AmberMiller已怀孕39周，但她坚持用6个小时25分钟完成了马拉松赛并在当晚产下了小女儿June。8．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Millerfailedtofinishtheraceduetoherlabor.B．Miller’shusbandwasagainstherrunningtherace.C．Millerknewshewasgoingtogivebirthattheendoftherace.D．Itwasn’tMiller’sfirsttimetorunamarathonwhilepregnant.D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，n这并非Miller第一次以孕妇之身参加马拉松比赛。年初，已经怀孕4个月的她参加了威斯康星州马拉松比赛。此外，在怀着第一个孩子Caleb的时候，她也参加过马拉松比赛。故选D。9．WhatisthenameofMiller’skidbornrightaftertheChicagoMarathon?A．Caleb.B．June.C．Amber.D．Wisconsin.B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句及倒数第二段中的“Junewasbornat10：29p．m.onSundaynightaftersevenhours’labor.”可知，芝加哥马拉松比赛结束后，Miller的小女儿June诞生了。故选B。10．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．PeoplehavedifferentattitudestoMiller’saction.B．Millerwillsoonreturnforherfavoritemarathons.C．Thebabywasindangeratbirthbecauseoftherace.D．Miller’spersonalbestinmarathonswasover6hours.A　解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Theathleticmothersaidsheexperiencedanenthusiasticwelcomefromcrowdsassheranalong.Butthedevotedrunner,whohadcompletedeightmarathons,admittedthatshedidgetafewstrangelooksalongthecourse.”可知，人们对Miller怀孕仍坚持跑马拉松比赛有着不同的态度。故选A。11．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AYoungAmericanCoupleLovingMarathonsB．HowtoFinishtheLatestChicagoMarathonC．HowtoTrainaPregnantWomanforMarathonsD．APregnantWomanGivingBirthAfteraMarathonD　解析：标题归纳题。本文讲述了在芝加哥马拉松赛上，AmberMiller已怀孕39周，但她坚持用6个小时25分钟完成了马拉松赛并在当晚产下了小女儿。故选D。D(2019·辽宁五校协作体联考)IwasjustinFrancetovisitmygrandmotherwhoisverydeartome.Idon’tgettocrosstheAtlanticveryoften,andshe’snow96yearsold,soeverytimeIvisither,thetwoofusareveryawarethatitmightbethelasttimeweseeeachother.Lastyear,Ididaseriesofshortvideointerviewsaboutherlife.Iaskedhernwhatitwaslikegrowingupwithherfatherinthe1910s,andlivingalonewithtwoyoungchildren.Iaskedherabouthergreatestmemories,andherfavoritebooks,foods,etc.IlearnedalotofamazingnewthingsaboutherIhadneverknownbefore.Thesewereveryintimateconversations,whichmademebetterknowher.Thisyear,IdidnotreallyhavequestionsandIonlyhadagreatdesiretomakeherknowhowmuchIloveher.Icookedforherandreadherstories.Igaveherafootmassage(按摩),whichwasherfirstever!Beforeleaving,Iwaslookingforawaytoleavesomethingmeaningfulbehindbesidesthememoryofourtimetogether.Therefore,Iwroteherfivedifferentlovenotes,andhidthemindifferentplaceswhereIknewshewouldeventuallyfindthem.IleftreallyjoyouslyknowingthatthesenoteswouldsurelycheerherupafterIleft.ShecalledmeasIwastravellingbacktoParistocatchmyplanebacktotheU．S.andsaid.“Ifoundyournotes！BythetimeIdiscoveredthelastone,Iwaslaughingoutloud!Thankyousomuch,mysweetheart！”Ismiledtomyself,knowingshestillhadtwomoretogo!ItwasSunday,somyguesswasthatshehadnotcheckedhermailboxandhadnotyetdrivenhercar!【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“我”与奶奶在一起的美好时光。12．Theunderlinedword“intimate”inParagraph2probablymeans“________”．A．closeB．inspiringC．impressiveD．usualA　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段最后两句可知，“我”从奶奶那里学到了以前从未了解的东西，我们进行了亲密的谈话，这使“我”更加了解她。此处表示“亲密的，密切的”，故选A。13．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．TheauthorwenttoFrancetovisithergrandmotherveryfrequently.B．Theauthordidn’texpecthergrandmothertofindallthefivenotes.C．Theauthorandhergrandmotherenjoyedthetimetheystayedtogether.D．Theauthor’shomeisnotfarfromhergrandmother’s.C　解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一句话及下文内容可知，“我”非常享受与奶奶在一起的时光，故选C。14．Fromthelastparagraph，weknowthat________．A．GrandmotherfoundallthenotesimmediatelytheauthorleftB．GrandmotherhadnotcheckedhermailboxbeforethecallnC．GrandmotheralwayscallstheauthorbeforeshegetsontheairplaneD．GrandmotherdoesexercisebyfindingthenotesB　解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“ItwasSunday,somyguesswasthatshehadnotcheckedhermailboxandhadnotyetdrivenhercar！”可知，奶奶在打电话之前并没有检查邮箱，故选B。15．Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．TheWonderfulTimewithGrandmotherB．TheMeaningfulLoveNotesC．ThePersonWhoInfluencesMeMostD．TheTreasureofMyFamilyA　解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，“我”回忆了与奶奶在一起的幸福时光，故选A。七选五(2019·长沙五月模拟)It’seasytotalkyourselfoutofexercising.Evenwhenyouhavethebestintentionstoworkout,excusesaresoeasytofind—“I’mtootired”or“I’mbusy”or“Theweatherisbad”.Don’tworry!1.________•Takebabysteps.Youwouldnevertrytorun10milesononeday,right?Whenyoudotoomuchtoosoon,you’llendupinjuredanddiscouraged.Takeiteasyasyougetstarted.Maybeyouonlyrunaquarterofamileduringyourfirstweek.2.________•Showtheclockwhoisboss.Healthexpertssayyoushouldaimforatleast150minutesofexerciseaweek,plusweighttrainingatleasttwiceaweek.Ifyouworktoolatetogettoagym,keepasetofweightsathome.Ifyoucan’tdo30minutesatonce,breakitupinto10or15minutesections.•3.________Yourworkoutshouldbejustasmuchahabitasbrushingyourteethoreatingbreakfast.Whenit’spartofyourroutine,youwon’tevenhavetothinkaboutit.Inafewmonths,fitnesscanberegularinyourday.•Keepitreal.You’renotgoingtoshakeoff30poundsinaweek.4.________Forexample,increaseyourworkoutschedulefrom2to3daysaweek,orexercisefor15moreminuteseachtime.•Celebrate!5.________Therefore,evenapoundofweightlossorapoundofmusclegainisthereasontorewardyourself.Gooutwithfriends,orbuyanewpairofjeans.A．Getusedtoit.nB．Doitforyourself.C．Ittakesweekstoseerealchanges.D．Keepafitnessjournaltorecordyourprogress.E．Aimforsomethingthat’srealisticasafirststep.F．Thefollowingtrickscankeepyourfitnessroutineontrack.G．Whenitbecomeseasyforyou,youcanmakeitmorechallenging.【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了能使自己坚持锻炼的几条建议。1．F　解析：根据空前不去运动的借口以及下文的建议可知，空处在文中起到了承上启下的过渡作用，所以选F项。2．G　解析：根据本段的主题句“Takebabysteps.”及上文的“Takeiteasyasyougetstarted.Maybeyouonlyrunaquarterofamileduringyourfirstweek.”可推知，你可以循序渐进，逐步挑战更大强度的锻炼，所以选G项。3．A　解析：根据空后的“Yourworkoutshouldbejustasmuchahabitasbrushingyourteethoreatingbreakfast.”可推知，要养成锻炼的习惯，并自觉去做，所以选A项。4．E　解析：根据空前的“Keepitreal.You’renotgoingtoshakeoff30poundsinaweek.”可知，锻炼的目标要现实可行，所以选E项。5．C　解析：根据空后的“Therefore，evenapoundofweightlossorapoundofmusclegainisthereasontorewardyourself.”可推知，锻炼的效果并不会立竿见影，只要有效就值得庆贺，所以选C项。课时练2　知识运用板块练[学生用书P286(单独成册)]完形填空(2019·兰州诊断)MydaughterKellyisacautiousperson.Sheneedstowarmuptosituations,andis__1__totrynewthings.Whenwithclosefriends,shebecomesa__2__wholaughsloudlyandchants,“Girlsrule,boysdrool.”Butwhenthat__3__zoneisnotaroundher,sheisshyand__4__．Thishasbeenchallengingforme__5__．“Shy”isnotawordthatIthinkhaseverbeenusedto__6__me.Butthishasbeenayearof__7__formygirlthathasfilledherwithanewsenseof__8__.Thisyearshemovedtolaplaneinswimmingwhereshewaspreparingforaswimteam.Thisyearshelearnedtorideabikewithouttrainingwheels.Andthisyearshe__9__herfirstkids’triathlon(三项全能)．OnSaturday,withathunderstormcomingsoonandmyson’sbirthdaypartylaterintheday,weallwentoutinthedarkofthemorningforKellyto__10__herfirsttriathlon.Wepracticedtransitionsfromswimto__11__andtorunwithher.Wegotnalltheequipmentshe’dneedandwekepttalkingaboutthe__12__.Butaswewaitedthetwohoursfortheolderkidstofinishbeforeher__13__，she__14__mylegalittleharderandtoldmeshelovedmeafewtoomanytimes.Shewasnervousbuttryingtokeepcalm.Andthenitwastimeforhertogo.Fromthesecondshejumpedintothewater,myheart__15__quickly.Mydaughter__16__intothemostconfidenthumanbeingIhadeverseen.Shedominatedthatswim,crushedthatbikerideandrantothe__17__withthebiggestsmileonherface.IcanhonestlysaythatIneverfeltso__18__ofsomeoneinmyentirelife.Itwasn’tbecauseshedidasportoranythinglikethat.Itwasbecauseshewasafraidofsomethingand__19__thatfearwithconfidenceandfireIhadn’tseenbefore.AlldayIwouldfindmyselfjustlookingoveratherandsmiling.ShemightbewearingthefinalistmedalbutIfeltlikeI__20__thatday.【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿Kelly是一个做事谨慎，不自信且害羞的人，但是自从她参加了三项全能训练及比赛后，发生了很大的变化，对此作者感到很自豪。1．A.braveB．eagerC．hesitantD．willingC　解析：根据上文中的“MydaughterKellyisacautiousperson.”可知，她需要对各种情况进行热身并且对尝试新事物犹豫不决(hesitant)。2．A.troublemakerB．leaderC．thinkerD．fighterB　解析：根据下文中的“wholaughsloudlyandchants,‘Girlsrule,boysdrool.’Butwhenthat______zoneisnotaroundher,sheisshyand______”可知，当与亲密的朋友在一起的时候，她就成为一位领导(leader)。3．A.comfortB．dangerC．hardshipD．compromiseA　解析：根据上文中的“laughsloudlyandchants”大声笑并且唱歌可知，作者的女儿感到很舒服，所以此处为当那个舒适(comfort)区不在她身边的时候。4．A.scaryB．nervousC．painfulD．thrilledB　解析：根据上文中的“Butwhenthat______zoneisnotaroundher”可知，她会感到害羞和紧张(nervous)。5．A.sometimesB．sometimenC．ontimeD．attimesD　解析：根据下文中的“‘Shy’isnotawordthatIthinkhaseverbeenusedto______me.”可知，此处表示“这对作者来说有时很有挑战性”。6．A.attractB．catchC．describeD．meetC　解析：根据上文中的“Thishasbeenchallengingforme______．”可知，这对作者来说有时很有挑战性，说明作者并不总是那么害羞，因此“shy”这个单词用来描述作者不合适。7．A.firstsB．secondsC．finalsD．endsA　解析：根据下文中的“Thisyearshemovedtolaplaneinswimmingwhereshewaspreparingforaswimteam...Andthisyearshe______herfirstkids’triathlon(三项全能)．”可知，但对作者的女儿来说，这是一年的第一次(firsts)，让她充满了新的自信。8．A.circumstanceB．confidenceC．coincidenceD．dependenceB　解析：参见上题解析。confidence“自信”。9．A.defeatedB．lostC．completedD．quittedC　解析：根据上文中的“Thisyearshelearnedtorideabikewithouttrainingwheels.”可知，今年作者的女儿取得了很多成绩，此处与前文形成并列关系，所以此处为今年她首次完成了(completed)她的三项全能。10．A.arrangeB．attendC．achieveD．accompanyB　解析：为了Kelly去参加(attend)她的第一次三项全能比赛，我们所有人在早晨很早的时候就出门了。11．A.busB．bikeC．taxiD．motorcycleB　解析：根据上文中的“Thisyearshelearnedtorideabikewithouttrainingwheels.”可知选B。12．A.raceB．lifeC．testD．assignmentA　解析：根据上文中的“Andthisyearshe______herfirstkids’triathlon(三项全能)．”可知，作者的女儿是在进行比赛，所以此处为我们购买了她需要的所有设备，n我们一直在谈论比赛(race)。13．A.chanceB．turnC．failureD．successB　解析：根据上文中的“Butaswewaitedthetwohours...”及下文中的“Andthenitwastimeforhertogo.”可知，作者和女儿正在等待，所以此处表示“在轮到女儿之前”。14．A.heldB．pressedC．squeezedD．scratchedA　解析：上文说作者的女儿是一个谨慎害羞的孩子，所以在向作者表达爱意的时候不免有些紧张，所以此处为她紧紧地拉着(held)作者的腿，告诉作者她很爱作者。15．A.settledB．aroseC．sankD．roseD　解析：根据上文中的“Fromthesecondshejumpedintothewater”可知，作者的女儿参加比赛，作为家长会感到很紧张，即此处表示“我的心迅速地提了起来(rose)”。16．A.translatedB．transplantedC．transformedD．transportedC　解析：根据下文中的“Shedominatedthatswim,crushedthatbikerideandrantothe______withthebiggestsmileonherface.”可知，作者的女儿已经有了很大的改变，因此transformed符合语境。17．A.standB．summitC．deadlineD．finishD　解析：从开始到结束(finish)的整个过程中，她都一直处于主导地位，而且脸上始终带着灿烂的微笑。18．A.ashamedB．sensibleC．proudD．criticalC　解析：女儿从一位害羞没有自信的女孩变成很有自信的女孩，作为家长作者感到很自豪。19．A.seizedB．conqueredC．graspedD．possessedB　解析：此处表示“用自信和激情克服了(conquered)恐惧，这是我以前从没见过的”。20．A.wonB．thoughtC．reservedD．removedA　解析：根据上文中的“AlldayIwouldfindmyselfjustlookingoveratherandnsmiling.”可知，女儿的胜利使作者感到自豪，所以尽管女儿可能戴着决赛的奖牌，但作者觉得那天是自己赢(won)了。语法填空(2019·青海西宁第一次联考)Everyoneseems1.____________(have)hisorherownholiday.DadhasFather’sDay.MomhasMother’sDay.ChildrenhaveChildren’sDay.LovershaveValentine’sDay.Butisthereaspecialday2.____________olderpeople?Ofcourse.TheChongyangFestivalistheholiday3.____________Chinesepeopleshowlovefortheirelders.4.____________(celebrate)ontheninthdayoftheninthlunarmonth,thefestivalisalsoknownastheDoubleNinthFestival.Nineisthe5.____________(high)digit(数字),soit6.____________(regard)thatthetwotogethermeanalonglife.Thefestivalcomesduring7.____________goldentimeofautumn.Theclearweatherandthejoyofharvestmakeforahappyatmosphere.Ontheday,people8.____________(traditional)climbamountainandcarrydogwood(茱萸)．Peopleinancienttimes9.____________(believe)thattheplantcoulddriveawayevil10.____________(spirit)andpreventpeopleagainstcoldinwinter.【解题导语】　本文是说明文，简单地介绍了中国的传统节日——重阳节。1．tohave　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处指每个人似乎都有自己的节日。seem后接动词不定式作宾语。2．for　解析：考查介词。此处表示老人的节日，强调“对象”，故用介词for。3．when　解析：考查定语从句。重阳节是中国人向年长的人表达关爱的节日。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是表示时间的holiday,且空处在从句中作时间状语，故用when。4.Celebrated　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，celebrate与其逻辑主语thefestival之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。5．highest　解析：考查形容词最高级。“9”被认为是最大的个位数字。根据空前的“the”可知，此处应用high的最高级形式。6．isregarded　解析：考查时态和语态。人们认为两个“9”意味着长寿。根据上下文可知此处用一般现在时，且it与regard之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。7．the　解析：考查冠词。此处指秋天的黄金时期，是特指，故用定冠词the。8．traditionally　解析：考查副词。所填词修饰整个句子，故要用副词形式。traditionally“传统地”。9．believed　解析：考查时态。根据句中的时间状语“inancientntimes”可知此处要用一般过去时。10．spirits　解析：考查名词复数。spirit在这里表示“幽灵，鬼魂”，是可数名词，故用复数形式。课时练3　语法写作增分练[学生用书P287(单独成册)]第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)　第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2019·广州综合检测)EachweekNewYorkbasedhairstylistMarkBustostriestomakeasmalldifferenceinpeople’slives61.____________givinghaircutstohomelesspeople.Duringtheweek,Markworksinhishighclasssalon,buteachSunday,hewalksaroundthecityaskingpeople62.____________they’dlikeahaircut.Hethengivesthemastylishhaircut—63.____________samekindhewouldgivetoanypayingcustomer,exceptthesearedoneforfreeforthosewhoarehomelessorcannotaffordahaircut64.____________(them)．Mark’sworkbeganin2012whenvisitingfamilyinthePhilippines.Insteadofjust65.____________(take)atypical,relaxingvacation,hedecidedtogivepoorlocalchildrenhaircuts.“IfeltsohappydoingitthatI’vecontinuedsincereturning，”Markexplains.Changingsomeone’sappearancecanhaveahugeimpactontheirlife.Rememberthehomelessretiredsoldierwhoreceivedamakeover?Hefoundajob,66.____________(rent)ahouseandquitdrinkingalcoholafterwards.67.____________(simple)changinghowapersonlookscangivethemahugeincreasein68.____________(confident)．MarkBustosprovesthattherearemanyways69.____________(give)，andthatyoucaneasilyuseyour70.____________(person)abilitiestomakeadifferenceinsomebody’slife.【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了发型师MarkBustos通过给无家可归的人理发来改变他们的外貌，从而使他们增加自信心、努力改变生活的故事。61．by　解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，发型师通过给无家可归的人理发，试图给他们的生活来个小小的变化。by＋v.ing意为“通过……”，作方式状语。故填by。62．whether/if　解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，Mark周一至周五在高级美发厅上班，每个周日就在市区到处走走，问人们是否需要理发。whether/if引导宾语从句，n意为“是否”。故填whether/if。63．the　解析：考查冠词。thesame意为“同样的”，为固定用法。故填定冠词the。64．themselves　解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指自己负担不起理发费用的人，因此应用所给词的反身代词。故填themselves。65．taking　解析：考查非谓语动词。insteadof意为“而不是”，其后接动名词形式，作“of”的宾语。故填taking。66．rented　解析：考查动词的时态。根据“and”连接并列成分可知，此处应与其他两个谓语动词“found”和“quit”时态一致，应用一般过去时。故填rented。67．Simply　解析：考查词性转换。空格处修饰分词短语“changinghowapersonlooks”，应用副词。故填Simply。注意首字母大写。68．confidence　解析：考查词性转换。此处指改变发型能让他们信心大增，介词“in”后应接名词形式。故填confidence。69．togive　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作“manyways”的后置定语。故填togive。70．personal　解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰名词“abilities”，应用所给词的形容词形式作定语。故填personal。第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。DearJack，Howareyou?I’mwritingtoaskforyourhelp.Asyouknowit,Englishreadingisdifficultforforeignlanguagelearnersandittakestime.ManystudentsinourclassareweakonEnglishreadingcomprehension.AlthoughIhavetriedeverymeansimproveit,likeexpandingmyvocabularyanddoalargenumberofexercises,sofarallmyeffortshaveendedupinfailure.Tomakethingsbad,readingwillmakeupahigherpercentagethisyearthaneverbeforeinthecomingCollegeEntranceExamination.Nowwiththeimportantexamdrewnear,Ifeelmoreandmorestressingandworried.ItwillruinnmycollegedreamunlessIdonottakeaction.I’llappreciateitverymuchifyoucangivemesomeadvicesonhowtoimprovemyreadingabilityeffective.I’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Bestwishes!Yours，LiHua答案：DearJack，Howareyou?I’mwritingtoaskforyourhelp.Asyouknow，Englishreadingisdifficultforforeignlanguagelearnersandittakestime.ManystudentsinourclassareweakEnglishreadingcomprehension.AlthoughIhavetriedeverymeansimproveit,likeexpandingmyvocabularyandalargenumberofexercises,sofarallmyeffortshaveendedupinfailure.Tomakethings，readingwillmakeupahigherpercentagethisyearthaneverbeforeinthecomingCollegeEntranceExamination.Nowwiththeimportantexamnear,Ifeelmoreandmoreandworried.ItwillruinmycollegedreamIdonottakeaction.I’llappreciateitverymuchifyoucangivemesomeonhowtoimprovemyreadingability.I’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Bestwishes!Yours，LiHua第二节　书面表达(满分25分)(2019·合肥质检)假如你是李华，你班交换生Amy这两天因身体不适，未能到校上课，请给她写一封邮件，要点如下：1．表示安慰；2．询问她是否能参加下周六学校举行的足球比赛；3．邀请她下个月到你家共度端午节。注意：1.词数100左右；n2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：DearAmy，Iamsosorrytolearnthatyousuddenlyfellill.It’snevereasytoadapttoanewenvironment,andhopefullyyou’llsoongetusedtoit.Asscheduled,ourfootballmatchwilltakeplacenextSaturday.Iwouldgreatlyappreciateitifyoucouldletmeknowwhetheryoucantakepartinitbythen.Bytheway,ourtraditionalDragonBoatFestivaliscomingnextmonth.MyfamilyandIareallexpectingyourcomingtoenjoytheauthenticfestiveatmospherewithus.Don’thesitatetotellmeifyouneedanyhelp.Sincerelyhopethatyouwillbewellsoon.Yours，LiHua