2020版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练29globalwarming（含解析）新人教版

2020版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练29globalwarming（含解析）新人教版

课时提能练(二十九)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2019·贵阳摸底考试)Pollution'sseriouseffectsontheenvironmenthavebecomemoreobviousinrecentyears.Mostscientistsagreethateffortsarenecessarytoprotectourenvironmentfromfurtherharm.Asweknow，theconstructionindustryconsumesalargequantityofenergyandresourcesandcreatesahugeamountofpollution.Sogreenbuildingsareingreatneed.Theenvironmentalbenefitsofgreenbuildingsincludetheprotectionofecosystemsandbiodiversity(生物多样性)，improvedairandwaterquality，lesswasteflowingintostreamsandtheprotectionofnaturalresources.Greenbuildingscanalsoresultinloweroperatingcostsbecausetheytypicallyuselessenergyandfewermaterialsandimproveindoorairquality，improvingthehealthofpeoplewholivethere.Theprocessofbuildinggreenhousesincludestechnicalandartisticplanningwithnatureprotectioninmind.Buildingdesignsoftenreflectthesurroundingenvironmentandnaturalresourcesanduserenewablebuildingmaterialssuchasbambooandstraw.Inaddition，recycledresourcesfoundlocallyareusedforgreenbuildings，reducingthecostandairpollutionassociatedwithtransportingmaterialslongdistances.Carefulsiteselectionisimportanttominimize(使减少到最低限度)humaneffectsonthesurroundingenvironment.Forexample，placingastructureinanareathatallowsittotakeadvantageofcoolbreezes(微风)andsunlightcanreduceenergyuseandexpenses.Moreenergyandexpensesareneededforlargerbuildingsaswell，soitisimportanttobuildthesmallones.Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandcosts.Theseroofsarepartiallyorcompletelycoveredwithplants，whichhelpstokeepheatingandcoolingcostslow，preventwaterrunningoffanddealwithpollutants.Otherfeaturesofgreenbuildingsoftenincludeenergyandwaterprotection，recyclingandwastereduction.Inaddition，renewableenergysourcessuchassolarpower，waterpowerandwindpowerareusedforheatandelectricity，whichgreatlyreducescostsanddecreasestheinfluenceontheenvironment.【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了绿色建筑的优势和特色。1．Whatcanweknowaboutgreenbuildings?nA．Producingnowaste.B．Onlyusingcleanenergy.C．Beingmadeofnewmaterials.D．Beingenvironmentfriendly.D　[推理判断题。根据对全文的整体理解特别是第三段的内容可推知，绿色建筑整体上是环保的，故选D。]2．Whatisagreenbuildingprobablylikeaccordingtothefifthparagraph?A．Large.　　　　　　B．Small.C．Green.D．Low.B　[细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Moreenergyandexpensesareneededforlargerbuildingaswell，soitisimportanttobuildthesmallones”可推知，绿色建筑应该倾向于小型建筑，而非高楼大厦，故选B。]3．Whatisthepurposeofusinggreenroofs?A．Tofittheenvironment.B．Tokeepwarm.C．Tocollectnaturewater.D．Toreducecosts.D　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Greenroofsareanotherfeatureofgreenhousesthatreduceenergyuseandcosts”可知，绿色屋顶可以降低能源使用和成本，故选D。]4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Promotingenergyefficiency.B．Environmentalbenefits.C．Greenbuildings.D．Ecosystemsandbiodiversity.C　[主旨大意题。根据文章的关键词“greenbuildings”和对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲的是绿色建筑，故选C。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2019·武汉调研)OnDecember22,2016Ilandedinthelandofthe“AmericanDream”．__1__HereisoneofthethingsI'vestruggledwithduringmyalmostoneyearintheStates.__2__MyuncleandauntjokedthatIbroughtrainfromSaigontoAmerica.Saigon,whereIcomefrom,istheoldnameofHoChiMinhCityinVietnam.Vietnamisatropicalcountrywhereitrainsmostoftheyear.BeforegoingtotheU．S.,actually,Ihadnnoideawhattoexpectaboutitsweather,butthebigrainonmyarrivalgavemethefirstexpectationofwhattheweatherheremightbelike.Californiaisknownforhavingagreatclimate—moresunshine,coolerinsummerandwarmerinwinter.__3__However,havingbeenhereforaprettylongwhilenow,IhaveexperiencedvariousformsofclimateinCalifornia.__4__MostofthetimeIwaslivinginSiliconValley,wheretheweatherisabitcolderthanwhereIstudyinOrangeCounty.ButIwasreallysurprisedtofindchilltotheboneweatherinSanFrancisco—abigshiftfromSiliconValleyinonlyaboutanhour'sdrive.Howstrange!__5__TheworstisthatIgetarunnynosewheneverIwakeupinthemorning.BecauseIamallergictothecoldandwindyweathers,Ikeepsneezingbadly,andevenmorebadlyifIgetcaughtinthecold.Ithinkthatmybodyneedsmoretimetogetusedtothisclimate,butasmanypeoplesaid,IamluckiertobeinCaliforniawhereIdon'thavetofightwithextremeweathersasinotherstates.A．Iamsensitivetoweatherchange.B．Suchstrangeweatherhasaffectedmyhealth.C．Sotheamountofrainthisyearisconsideredunusual.D．TheLAXairportinCaliforniawelcomedmewithabigrain.E．SoIquicklygetusedtotheunchangeableclimateinCalifornia.F．Theweathervarieswidelydependingonwhereyouareinthestate.G．Sincethen,IhavediscoveredtonsofdilemmasaboutlifeinAmerica.【语篇解读】　本文是国外生活类说明文。作者介绍了自己从越南到美国之后所体验到的各种天气。1．G　[上文提到作者到了美国，接下来说“下面是我在美国接近一年的时间里努力应付过的诸多难题中的一个”。由此可以推断，空处表达的应该是作者经历了很多困难，G项的意思是“从那时起，我在美国发现了很多生活难题”，所以选G。]2．D　[本空位于段首，为段落主题句。根据下文中的“MyuncleandauntjokedthatIbroughtrainfromSaigontoAmerica”可知，空处应与rain有关，D项“加利福尼亚的LAX机场用一场大雨欢迎了我”符合语境，所以选D。]3．C　[上一段讲的是加利福尼亚的大雨，本段首句讲的是“加利福尼亚因气候好而著名”，C项的意思是“因此今年的雨量被认为是不寻常的”，符合段落以及句子间的逻辑，所以选C。]4．F　[本空位于段首，为段落主题句。下文讲的是美国不同的地方有着迥异的天气，即便是相隔很近的两个地方，其天气也有很大的变化，而F项的意思是“在美国，n天气随着你所在的地方而有很大的差异”，所以选F。]5．B　[本空位于段首，为段落主题句。下文讲的是作者因为天气多变而打喷嚏，而B项的意思是“这种奇怪的天气已经影响到了我的健康”，所以选B。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2019·银川检测)RajeshNaik1.________(transform)120acresofwastelandintoanorganicfarm，providingan2.________(inspire)exampleoftheeffortstocreatealargelake.“Icomefromafamilyofagriculturalistsandthislandismyancestralland,3.________hardrockstructuresmakeitdifficulttoholdwater.Peoplethoughtitwasimpossibletofarmthislandand4.________Iwasthrowingawaymycareer.However，Iwasdeterminedtoworkondevelopingthewaterresourcesinthearea，”saysRajesh.Ittookalotoffinancialresourcesandtime5.________(create)thelake，whichisenoughtoirrigate(灌溉)thewholefarm.Thishasnotonlyencouragedplant6.________(grow)inthearea，butalsohelpedinincreasingthewatertable(地下水位)inthesurroundingareas7.________thefarm.Besidesgrowingfruitandvegetables，Rajeshhasalsostartedadairyfarmthathas8.________(many)than200cows.“Ifthismodel9.________(carry)outineverypartofthecountry，thewholecountrywillbeabletosolveitswaterproblemsandhaveagriculture10.________(total)basedonorganicfarming.Whatisimportantisthewillofpeopleandthesupportfromthegovernment.”saysRajesh.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了RajeshNaik把120英亩的荒地变成了有机农场的过程及其对未来的期望。1．hastransformed　[考查动词的时态。根据下文中的“providingan________(inspire)exampleoftheeffortstocreatealargelake”可知，此处为过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，所以用现在完成时，即RajeshNaik已经把120英亩的荒地变成了一个有机农场。]2．inspiring　[考查非谓语动词。为创造一个大型湖泊的努力提供了一个鼓舞人心的例子。根据语境可知，此处用现在分词作定语，意为“鼓舞人心的”。]3．where　[考查定语从句。坚硬的岩石结构使其难以蓄水。分析句子结构可知此处为定语从句，且从句中不缺少主语或宾语，又根据语境可知用where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。]4．that　[考查连接词。人们认为耕种这片土地是不可能的，我正在浪费我的事业，分析句子结构可知此处为宾语从句，若动词后有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，n第二个和后面几个从句的that不能省略，所以此处应填that。]5．tocreate　[考查非谓语动词。建成这个湖需要花费大量的财政资源和时间，此处ittakes(sb.)＋时间/金钱＋todosth.为固定结构，其中动词不定式为真正的主语。]6．growth　[考查名词。这不仅促进了该地区植物的生长，而且也提高了农场周边地区的地下水位。根据语境可知此处用名词growth意为“生长”。]7．of　[考查介词。参见上题解析。根据语境可知thefarm与thesurroundingareas为所属关系，所以用of所有格。]8．more　[考查形容词比较级。Rajesh还创办了一个有200多头奶牛的牛奶场。此处morethan意为“超过”，为固定结构。]9．iscarried　[考查动词的时态及语态。根据语境可知，此处主语model与动词carry之间为被动关系；空处所在句描述的是将来的情况，又因为在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态。]10．totally　[考查副词。此处修饰动词短语basedon，用副词。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2019·安徽省名校联考)Asweallknow，wecanmeetwithvariouschallengesinourlife.Facingwithchallenges，howshouldwedo?Lastmonth，ourclassclimbedMountTai，whichwasmorethan1，500metersabovesealevel.Lackingexercises，Ithoughtthatthisactivitywasgreatchallengeforme.IfeltveryexhaustedhalfwaythatIwantedtogiveup.Seethis，myclassmatesandevensomestrangersencouragedme.Intheend，Imanagedtoreachonthetopofthemountain.Therefore，don'tgiveupinthefaceofchallenges.Ifyouaredeterminedenough，it'scertainlythatyoucanovercomeit.【答案】　Asweallknow，wecanmeetwithvariouschallengesinourlife.with/Facingchallenges，shouldwedo?Lastmonth，ourclassclimbedMountTai，whichmorethan1，500metersabovesealevel.Lacking，Ithoughtthatthisactivitywasgreatchallengeforme.IfeltexhaustedhalfwaythatIwantedtogiveup.this，myclassmatesandevensomestrangersencouragedme.Intheend，Imanagedtoreachthetopnofthemountain.Therefore，don'tgiveupinthefaceofchallenges.Ifyouaredeterminedenough，it'sthatyoucanovercome.