2018_2019学年高中英语module5theconquestoftheuniverse课下能力提升十九外研版

2018_2019学年高中英语module5theconquestoftheuniverse课下能力提升十九外研版

课下能力提升(十九)Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式1．Sheswore(发誓)thatshe'dneverseenhim.2．Noonecouldhaveforeseen(预见)thatthingswouldturnoutthisway.3．Knowtheenemyandknowyourself,andyoucanfightahundredbattleswithnodangerofdefeat(失败)．4．Ourfeelingsofhappinessandsorrow(悲伤)aresoonlostinthepassingoftime.5．Chinahasmadeabreakthroughinmanyfieldsinthepastdecades(几十年)．6．Herdevotion(devote)tothejobleftherwithverylittlefreetime.7．Wearenowengagedinagreatandmostglorious(glory)cause,neverundertakenbyourforefathers.8．Don'tdefendhimanymore.It'sobviousthathedeliberately(deliberate)destroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapology.9．Ihavealotofsympathy(sympathize)forher;shehastobringupthechildrenonherown.10．Heismyfaithful(faith)friendwhocansharehappinessandsorrowwithme.Ⅱ.选词填空setout,inviewof,dependon,haveanimpacton,besimilarto,aseriesof,beconsistentwith,otherthan1．Shegavea_series_oflecturesabouthowtobecomeaprofessionalinterpreterlastyear.2．Hardlyhadwegottothedestinationwhenweset_outtofulfillthetaskswithgreatenthusiasm.3．Thereisnodoubtthattheadshave_an_impact_onthepubliclife.4．Thedressyouarewearingis_similar_totheonethatIboughtlastyear.5．In_view_oftheshortageoftime,eachpersoncanonlyspeakfor5minutes.6．Therecentstudyhasshownthatpeople'sattitudestowardsprotectingtheenvironmentarenotconsistent_withtheirbehaviorindailylife.7．InChina,children,evenintheirtwentiesdepend_ontheirparentsforfoodandclothing.8．Youcan'tgothereother_thanbyswimming.Ⅲ.完成句子1．他是公认的全国最优秀的诗人。Hewas_generally_acknowledged_to_be/asthefinestpoetinthecountry.2．青少年指责他们的父母误导他们。Theteensaccuse_their_parents_ofmisleadingthem.3．关于这件事，我得向经理请示一下。Ihavetoconsult_the_manager_aboutthematter.4．令我们感到宽慰的是，他的病没有我们担心得那么严重。To_our_relief,_hisillnessprovednottobeasseriousaswehadfeared.5．虽然他是个富人，但是他工作很努力。Rich_man_as_he_is,_heworkshard.Ⅳ.完形填空Theterrorattacksareoccurringworldwide.Theyhavearousedcountlessthoughts__1__medown.WhatcanIdoforthose__2__people,theveryvictimsandrefugees?YesterdayIboardedatrainandtookmyseat__3__thecarriagesoIwouldbefacingforward.Soon,amotherandherthreechildren,twoboysandalittlegirl,n__4__intotherowofseatsinfrontofme.Thewomanwaswearingclothesthatwere__5__.Idon'tthinkyoucouldeverfindany__6__oftheclothesatanystore.Iwas__7__bythebeautifulsimplicityofthesegarments.Theyweren'texpensive,fancy,orfromafamousdesigner,__8__theywerepriceless.Thelittlegirl'seyesandminemetandlocked.Shesmiled__9__andgazedatme.IwouldreceiveagiftIhadbeenhopingfor.Ihad__10__toconnectwithpeoplefromaculturethatwascurrentlysufferingandinmy__11__wasawarmPakistanifamily.Wehadaconversation.Iusedstandardconversation__12__：Howoldareyou？Wheredoyoustudy？Thiswasachildbutthedepthandbreadthofourconversationtookittoamazing__13__.Whatwasevenmoreremarkablewasthe__14__conversation.Hersmile,hergazeandhertrust__15__touchedme.Our45minutestogether__16__quicklybutwewillalwaysbeineachother'shearts.Duringthetime,Iwasinthe__17__thattodosomethingforthoseunluckypeople,Ijustneededtoopenmydoor__18__theycouldcomein.Itisamazingwhathappenswhenyou__19__toothers.Peoplecomein__20__beautifulgifts.It'slikelytostartwithjustakindsmile.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者用自身的经历告诉我们：一个人想要去关注他人，就要敞开心扉与他们交谈。1．A.pulling　　　　　　　　　B．weighingC．breakingD．cutting解析：选B　根据下文的“WhatcanIdoforthose...refugees”可知，恐怖袭击使作者心绪翻腾，忧心忡忡。weighdown“使忧心忡忡”，符合语境。pulldown“贬低，使扫兴”；breakdown“破坏，消除，砸破”；cutdown“杀死，砍倒”。2．A.disabledB．confusedC．disturbedD．offended解析：选C　根据语境及下文中的“dosomethingforthoseunluckypeople”可知，此处指的是作者在想自己能为那些不幸的(disturbed)人做些什么。disturbed除了常见的“心神不安的，烦恼的”这些意思外，还表示“不幸的，坎坷的，多灾多难的”。confused“糊涂的，迷惑的”；offended“被冒犯的”。3．A.attheendofB．onthetopofC．inthecenterofD．inthefrontof解析：选A　根据空后的“soIwouldbefacingforward”可知，作者坐在车厢的后面。attheendof“在……后面”，符合语境。4．A.lookedB．brokeC．ranD．squeezed解析：选D　根据“amotherandherthreechildren”“therowofseatsinfrontofme”可知，一位母亲和她的三个孩子的座位在作者的座位的前面，而火车上的一排座位一般可坐两至三个人，所以这位母亲和她的孩子都坐的话，显然空间是不够的，他们得挤进去。squeeze“(使)挤入，挤过，塞入”符合语境。5．A.shabbyB．differentC．funnyD．fashionable解析：选B　根据下文中的“Idon'tthinkyoucouldeverfind...bythebeautifulsimplicityofthesegarments”可知，这位母亲的衣服是特别的、与众不同的。different“与众不同的，别致的”，符合语境。shabby“破旧的，破烂的”；funny“滑稽的，奇怪的”；fashionable“流行的，时髦的”。6．A.inspirationB．accountC．traceD．decoration解析：选C　作者认为你在任何一家商店都找不到这些衣服的踪迹。trace“踪迹，痕迹”，符合语境。inspiration“灵感”；account“描述”；decoration“装饰”。7．A.struckB．shockedC．excitedD．movedn解析：选A　根据语境可知，作者被这位母亲的衣服所呈现的一种简单的美所折服。bestruckby/on/withsb./sth.“迷恋(某人或某物)，被(某人或某物)打动”，符合语境。8．A.thoughB．soC．andD．yet解析：选D　这些衣服不贵重，不高档，也不是出自著名的设计师之手，但它们是无价的。前后句之间是转折关系，故用连词yet。9．A.broadlyB．hopefullyC．occasionallyD．gratefully解析：选A　根据下文中的“awarmPakistanifamily”“Hersmile...touchedme”以及“startwithjustakindsmile”可知，此处指她的脸上露出了一个开心的微笑。smilebroadly“咧开嘴笑，开心地笑”。hopefully“满怀希望地”；occasionally“偶然，偶尔”；gratefully“感激地”。10．A.refusedB．expectedC．pretendedD．decided解析：选B　作者即将收到他一直想要的一份礼物。他曾期望(expected)自己能与受苦的人们接触。上文中的“hopingfor”是提示。11．A.seatB．heartC．lifeD．presence解析：选D　在作者面前的是一个热情的巴基斯坦家庭。inone'spresence“当着某人的面，在某人面前”。12．A.techniquesB．piecesC．startersD．stoppers解析：选C　根据上文中的“standardconversation”和下文中的“Howoldareyou？Wheredoyoustudy？”可知，作者使用了常见的谈话开场白(starters)。conversationpiece“(因不寻常)成为话题的东西，谈资”；conversationstopper“噎人的话，令人瞠目结舌的话”。13．A.heightsB．factsC．changesD．conclusions解析：选A　虽然她只是一个孩子，但是作者与她的谈话的深度和广度让谈话达到了惊人的高度。height“高度”，符合语境。14．A.meaningfulB．unspokenC．valuableD．casual解析：选B　根据下文中的“Hersmile,hergazeandhertrust”可知，更让作者感到有意思的是他们之间无声的谈话。unspoken“未说出口的，未表达的”，符合语境。meaningful“有意义的”；valuable“很重要的”；casual“随便的”。15．A.obviouslyB．suddenlyC．deeplyD．eventually解析：选C　根据空前的“Hersmile,hergazeandhertrust”，空后的“touchedme”及下文的“wewillalwaysbeineachother'shearts”可知，她的微笑、对作者的凝视及她的信任深深地触动了作者。deeply“深深地”，符合语境。16．A.flewawayB．flewpastC．camealongD．cameapart解析：选B　此处指作者与小女孩在一起的45分钟转瞬即逝。flypast“(时间)逝去，过去”，符合语境。flyaway“飞走”；comealong“出现，进展，赶快”；comeapart“破裂”。17．A.hopeB．pointC．conditionD．knowledge解析：选D　在那期间，“我”知道了，要为那些不幸的人做些什么，“我”只需打开心门，以便他们能进来。intheknowledgethat是固定用法，意为“知道，了解”。18．A.nowthatB．asifC．sothatD．incasen解析：选C　参见上题解析。sothat“以便”，符合语境。nowthat“既然”；asif“好像”；incase“以防万一”。19．A.giveoverB．gooverC．openupD．makeup解析：选C　根据文中内容可知，一个人要去关注他人，就要敞开心扉与别人交谈，这种感觉很让人惊叹。openup“畅所欲言，直抒胸臆”，符合语境。goovertosb.“向某人走过去”；makeuptosb.“讨好，奉承，巴结”。20．A.packingB．bearingC．designingD．recommending解析：选B　根据上文的内容可知，与小女孩的交谈使作者得到了与遭遇不幸的人有所接触的机会，也帮助作者明白了他该如何帮助那些不幸的人。这些对作者来说都可称得上是“美丽的礼物”。由此可知，此处说的是人们会带着美丽的礼物进来。bear“携带，带有”，符合语境。pack“包装”；design“设计”；recommend“推荐”。Ⅴ.阅读理解AStephenHawkingWarnsHumansMustLeaveEarthSoonProfessorStephenHawkingcameoutwithaseriouswarningforpeople.WhileattheStarmusFestival,afestivalinTrondheim,Norway,celebratingscienceandthearts,Hawkingwarnedpeoplethatthehumanraceisinseriousdanger.HawkingcriticizedPresidentDonaldTrumpfordenyingclimatechange.Thenthephysicistwarnedtheaudience,“Iamnotdenyingtheimportanceoffightingclimatechangeandglobalwarming,unlikeDonaldTrump,whomayjusthavetakenthemostseriousandwrongdecisiononclimatechangethisworldhasseen.”HawkingproposedthattheleadingcountriesshouldsendastronautstotheMoonbefore2020torestartamovementofmoreexplorationinspace.TheBBCreportedthatHawkingsuggestedthatwe“buildalunarbasein30years'timeandsendpeopletoMarsby2025”．AccordingtotheBBC,ProfessorHawkingsaid,“Spreadingoutintospacewillcompletelychangethefutureofhumanity.”Hecontinued,“Ihopeitwouldunitecompetitivenationsinasinglegoaltofacethecommonchallengeforusall.”Thephysicistsharedmoreideastomotivatetheyoungergenerationtocontinueexploringspace.Hawkingstated,“Anewandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexcite(youngpeople),andstimulateinterestinotherareas,suchasastrophysics(天体物理学)andcosmology(宇宙学)．”Hawkingalsorevealedhisvisionofotherformsofenergythatcouldmoveustoanewplanet.Hewarnedtheaudience,“TheEarthisunderthreatfromsomanyareasthatitisdifficultformetobepositive.”Hecontinued,“Ournaturalresourcesarebeingdrainedatanalarmingrate.Wehavegivenourplanetthedisastrousgiftsofclimatechange,risingtemperatures,reductionofthepolaricecaps,deforestation(滥伐森林),anddecimation(大批杀死)ofanimalspecies.Wecanbeanignorantandunthinking(考虑不周的)lot.”Theprofessorwarnedtheaudiencethatdoingnothingwouldleadnowhere.Hesaid,“IfwesucceedwewillsendaprobetoAlphaCentauriwithinthelifetimeofsomeofyoualivetoday.Itisclearthatweareenteringanewspaceage.Wearestandingatthethreshold(开端)ofanewera.Humancolonizationandmovingtootherplanetsisnolongersciencefiction,anditcanbesciencefact.”Hawkingadvisedtheaudiencetomovetootherworldsbecausewearerunningoutofspace.n语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。1．AccordingtoHawking,whatisthefirststepforhumanstospreadoutintospace?A．TosendpeopletoMars.B．Tobuildalunarbase.C．TosendastronautstotheMoon.D．Tochangethefutureofhumanity.解析：选C　细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C项。2．Theunderlinedword“drained”inParagraph5canbereplacedby“________”．A．speededupB．storedC．usedupD．explored解析：选C　词义猜测题。由该词前面的“naturalresources”和后面的“atanalarmingrate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C项。3．WhatisHawking'sattitudetowardstheEarth'sfuture?A．Pessimistic.B．Confused.C．Positive.D．Indifferent.解析：选A　观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A项。4．ThereasonwhyhumansmustleavetheEarthsoonisthat________.A．theEarthisunderthreatandthehumanraceisinseriousdangerB．humanshavefoundotherformsofenergytomovetoanewplanetC．anewandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexciteyoungpeopleD．astronautshavefoundabetterworldinspacethantheEarth解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A项。BIwouldliketotalktoyouaboutspacevegetables,andtoshowyouthatspacevegetablesarehealthyandgoodforyou.Spacevegetablesaregrownfromseedsthathavebeentakentoandbroughtbackfromouterspace.Theseedsareaffectedbytheradiation(辐射)andlowgravityinouterspace.WhentheyarebroughtbacktoEarth,theseseedsproducevegetablesthatarebigger,healthierandmorenutritious(有营养的)thannormalvegetables.However,somepeopleworryabouteatingspacevegetables.Theythinkthatspacevegetablesmightnotbegoodforusandcouldgiveuscancerasaresultoftheirexposure(暴露)toradiationinspace.Peopleshouldnotbescared,asspacevegetablesareactuallyperfectlyhealthy.Herearesomefactsthatyoushouldknowaboutspacevegetables：Spacevegetablesaregrownfromseedsthatarecarefullyselected.Whenseedsarebroughtbackfromspace,theyaretestedtomakesurethatthevegetablestheygrowwillbesafetoeat.Therearenotraces(痕迹)ofradiationaftertesting.Spacevegetablesarebetterforyouthannormalvegetables.Forexample,spacetomatoesstayfreshfortwentydays,whichisoneweeklongerthannormaltomatoes.Anotherpopularspacevegetableisthepeppers.Spacepepperscontain20percentmorevitaminCthannormalpeppers.Aftermodified(转基因)foodscameontothemarket,peopleworriedthattheywereeatingunknownthings.Forexample,ifnutgenesareputinsidepotatoes,peopleallergic(过敏的)tonutsmightgetverysickfromeatingthesepotatoesbecausetheydonotknowtheyarealsoeatingnuts.Unlikegeneticallymodifiedfoods,spacevegetableshavenotbeengeneticallychanged.Thismeansthatnonewgenesareputnintothevegetables.Therefore,theywon'tdamageyourhealth.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太空蔬菜，并用事实证明太空蔬菜不是转基因食品，对身体无害。5．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．SpaceVegetablesB．SpaceExplorationC．HealthyVegetablesD．ModifiedFoods解析：选A　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了太空蔬菜。故选A。6．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantageofspacevegetables?A．Healthy.B．Nutritious.C．Poisonous.D．Safe.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一、二段的内容可知，太空蔬菜健康、有营养、安全并且对人有好处，所以A、B、D三项都是太空蔬菜优点，C项表示“有毒的”，当然不是优点。7．Whichofthefollowingbelongstostepstakentoensurethequalityofspacevegetables?A．Afterbeingbroughttotheouterspace,theseedsarecarefullyselected.B．Whenbeingbroughtbackfromspace,seedsaretested.C．Thevegetablesareexposedtoradiationinspace.D．Thevegetablesarefresherthannormalones.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，在进入太空之前，种子是经过认真挑选的，从太空回来后，这些种子要被检测。由此可知选B。8．Accordingtothelastparagraph,wecaninfer________.A．spacevegetablesbelongtogeneticallymodifiedfoodsB．manypeopleareallergictospacevegetablesC．spacevegetablesaresafetoeatD．foodsthataregeneticallychangedprovedhealthy解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，太空蔬菜不是转基因食品，对身体没有害处。故选C。