2018版高考英语大一轮复习book8unit1challengingyourselfⅰ教案（含解析）重庆大学版

2018版高考英语大一轮复习book8unit1challengingyourselfⅰ教案（含解析）重庆大学版

Unit1ChallengingYourselfⅠ话题词汇1．customn．风俗；习惯2．civilizationn．文明；文化3．developedadj.发达的4．developingadj.发展中的5．promisingadj.有前途的6．populationn．人口7．besituatedin位于……8．consistof由……组成9．ownadiverseculture拥有多元文化10．berichinnaturalresources自然资源丰富话题佳作假设你们班将要召开一次学习经验交流会，请你以“HowtoLearnEnglish”为题，写一篇发言稿，介绍你的英语学习经验。内容要点如下：1．要学好英语，应该尽可能多地寻找机会使用英语；2．初学阶段，应该重视英语听说能力的培养和提高；3．语法学习是重要的，有助于正确理解和使用英语。佳作欣赏HowtoLearnEnglishBoysandgirls，I’mverygladtobeheretotalkabouthowtolearnEnglish.First，weshouldputEnglishintopracticeasmuchaspossible.Duringthecommunicativecourse，theabilitiesoflistening，speaking，readingandwritingcanbedevelopedgreatlyandcomprehensively.Also，learnerscanlearnsomethingmeaningfulfromtheirpartners.nSecond，atthebeginningofourEnglishlearning，weshouldpaymoreattentiontolisteningandspeaking.Theyarecloselyconnectedwithreadingandwriting.What’smore，itcanbesaidthattheyarethebasisofEnglishlearning.Oncetheyareignored，therewillbelittlepossibilitiesforlearnerstohavefurtherselfimprovement.Finally，grammarisimportant，whichhelpsusunderstandanduseEnglishfreely.GrammartellslearnershowtoorganizetheEnglishstructure.However，grammarisnoteverythingtothelearners.It’sprovedthatthereisnoneedforustospendmostofourtimelearninggrammar.Thatisallaboutmyexperience.Thankyou.名师点睛在遣词造句上，作者使用了一些高级词汇，如：put...intopractice，asmuchaspossible，payattentionto，becloselyconnectedwith等；一些过渡词汇，如：also，what’smore，however等；一些句型，如：it作形式主语、therebe句型、which引导的定语从句等。这些词汇和句型的使用清楚地表达了文章的内容，也体现了作者较好的语言组织能力。在文章结构上，作者使用了表示顺序的提示词first，second，finally依次阐述要点，从而使篇章结构具有条理性和层次性。同时，文章结尾部分的客套语与开头部分的开篇语前后吻合，符合演讲稿的结构要求。Ⅰ.写作必记单词1．shortenvi./vt.缩短，(使)变短2．polishvt.修改；润色3．respectedadj.尊敬的4．basisn．基础，根据，原则5．adaptvt.改编nadaptationn．改编本；适应6．stubbornadj.顽固的，固执的7．conveyvt.传达8．cautionn．小心，谨慎9．surroundvt.围绕；包围10．threatenvt.恐吓，威胁，预示(危险)threatn．威胁；恐吓11．assumevt.(想当然地)认为；假定，设想12．representvt.表现；象征Ⅱ.阅读识记单词13．truthfuladj.诚实的truthn．事实；真理；真相trueadj.真实的；正确的14．featurevt.以……为特色15．indicationn．指示，迹象，暗示16．loyaltyn．忠诚，忠心17．gesturen．手势，姿势18．functionvi.运行，起作用19．embarrassvt.使窘迫，使尴尬，使为难embarrassingadj.令人为难的；使人尴尬的embarrassvt.使窘迫；使尴尬；使为难20．oppositen．相反的事物21．contactn．接触，联系22．politeadj.有礼貌的，客气的；有教养的23．motiven．动机，目的24．personaladj.私人的，个人的25．markvt.做标记于；标志26．originallyadv.最初；原先originaladj.原始的；最初的；独创的；n.原作；原型originn．起源；来源n27．consumevt.消耗；吃完，喝光语境活用　[用所给词的正确形式填空]1．Therewaseveryindication(indicate)thatshewasjustanotherJamaicanteenagerwithoutmuchofafuture.(2016·江苏)2．OneofthethingsShellyAnncanbeproudofisherunderstandingofthistruth(true)．(2016·江苏)3．John，whatisyourplanforpersonal(person)growth？(2016·江苏)4．Based(basis)upontheirexpressedthoughtsandactual“musicking”behaviors，thistextexaminesthesongstheysing.(2016·浙江)5．Itwasalsomuchmorethanwecouldafford，butfarlessthantheoriginal(origin)askingprice.(2015·天津)6．Themoreembarrassing(embarrass)orshamefulthesecretis，thejuicierthegossipitmakes.(2016·浙江)7．Don’tletnegativityruinyourmotivation(motivate)．(2015·福建)8．EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelpwiththeirchildren，shepolitely(polite)refused.(2016·全国Ⅰ)1．comefromsth.来自2．gowith伴随，与……相配3．tell...apart区分，辨别4．makeup虚构，拼凑5．byname凭名字；用……的名字6．beshortforsth.……的简称7．divideinto分成8．turn...away回绝，把……打发走9．pickup获得10．makesense有意义11．bumpintosomeone撞上某人n12．inotherwords换句话说13．incontrast相反14．belongto属于15．findout获知(某事情)16．keeprecords作记录17．openup打开；开业；生产语境活用　[运用上述短语完成片段]MyforeignfriendisDaniel，buthisparentsorfriendscallhimDanorDanny.Ican’t1.tellthemapart(区分).2.Inotherwords(换句话说)，Ican’tunderstandwhytheycallhimlikethat.Doyouthinkit3.makessense(讲得通)?1．without引导的含蓄条件句Withoutalastnametogowithyourfirstname，howcouldpeopletellwhichRichardorwhichLilyyouare?只有名，没有姓，别人怎么能分出你是哪个理查德或哪个莉莉呢？仿写　没有他们的话，人们就不可能享受和谐，国家就会混乱。(2015·江苏)Withoutthem，peoplecouldnotenjoyharmonyorthecountrywouldbeinchaos.2．Whatif...?Whatifhehadbigfeet?如果他的脚很大(他又该叫什么)呢？仿写　相反，要是我们邀请他们来参加舞会那又会怎样？(2015·北京)Whatifweinvitedthemtocomehereforapartyinstead?3．considering...Consideringtheinfluenceofnonverbalcommunication，weneverreallystopcommunicating.就非言语交际的影响而言，我们从没有真正地停止过交流。仿写　就这个而论，你们可能认为这本书是一些枯燥无味的事实详述。(2015·湖北)Consideringthis，youmightexpectthebooktobeadryrecitationoffacts.n4．as引导非限制性定语从句That’swhyit’spossible，asthesayinggoes，to“readsomeonelikeabook”．那就是为什么如谚语所说，我们能“像读书一样阅读某人”。仿写　正如一句老话说的那样，生活中没有一个明确的可实现的目标，就像航海没有指南针一样。Asanoldsayinggoes，livingwithoutaclearandachievableaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.5．notuntil的强调句Itwasnotuntilmanycenturieslaterthattheirmeaningswererediscovered.直到多个世纪以后它们(旧的象形文字)的意义才被重新发现。仿写　巴赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪初他的音乐才能才得到完全认可。(2015·重庆)Bachdiedin1750，butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturythathismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.polishvt.修改；润色；擦亮；完善(1)Mostcollegepapersrequireyoutohavesomekindofidea，thentospendsometimethinkingaboutit，revisingit，andpolishingit.大部分大学的论文要求你有某种观点，然后花时间思考、修改和润色。(2)Hepolishedupthetabletop?他把桌面擦得很亮。polishup改善；提高；润色；擦亮；磨光polishwith用……擦亮[单句语法填空](1)Ioftenhavemyshoespolished(polish)toprotecttheleather.(2)Themaidsbegantopolishupthesilverdishes.n(3)Polishthedrawingpaperwiththeeraser.basisn.原因，缘由；基准，准则；方式；基础(1)Classicalideasprovideabasisforproducingnewmusic.古典音乐为创作新音乐提供了基础。(2014·安徽)(2)Ournextmeetingwillbeonthebasisofthisagenda.我们的下次会议将以本议程为中心议题。(3)Thisnovelisbasedonhistoricalfacts.这部小说是以历史事实为根据的。(1)onthebasisof在……基础上(2)basevt.以……为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在；以……为基础；n.根基，基底；底座；根据，出发点；基础base...on/upon...把……建立在……；以……为根据bebasedon/upon以……为根据(基础)[用base的正确形式填空](1)Basinganimportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason，youwillregretitsoonerorlater.(2)Basedonmyownopinion，thisoneisfarbetterthanthatone.(3)Onadailybasis，sheremindedmethatlifegoeson.surroundvt.围绕；环绕(1)Thenmakesurethepeopleyousurroundyourselfwitharesupportive.然后确保环绕在自己身边的是有积极思维的人。(2015·福建)(2)Theboygrewupinbeautifulsurroundingsbutnotinahappyhomeenvironment.这个男孩在美丽的环境中长大，但缺少一个幸福的家庭环境。(1)surround...with...使……包围……besurroundedwith/by被……包围(2)surroundingadj.周围的n(3)surroundingsn．环境[单句语法填空](1)Thesurrounding(surround)villageshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.(2)Someinsectstakeonthecoloroftheirsurroundings(surround)toprotectthemselves.(3)Hetriedtorunawaybutgaveupwhenhefoundhimselfsurrounded(surround)．(4)Hesurroundshimselfwithtalentedmusicians.threatenv.威胁；恐吓(1)However，othersareinfavoroftheinclusionbecauseitishardtosaywhetheritwillthreatentheChineselanguage.但是，其他人支持这种收录因为很难说它是否威胁到汉语。(2014·江苏)(2)Thestrikerswerethreatenedwithdismissaliftheydidn’treturntowork.罢工者受到威胁说，如果它们不复工，就会被解雇。(1)threatensb.with...用……威胁某人threatentodosth.威胁去做某事(2)threatn．威胁athreattosb./sth.对……的威胁基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Terrorismisathreattothewholecountry.(2)Hetiedherupandthreatenedherwithaknife.(3)Thehijackers(劫持者)threatenedtokill(kill)onepassengereveryhouriftheirdemandswerenotmet.写作能力提升——[句式升级](4)Becausehewasthreatenedbyhisclassmates，hedidn’ttellthetruthtotheteacher.(用过n去分词短语作状语改写)Threatenedbyhisclassmates，hedidn’ttellthetruthtotheteacher.makesense讲得通；有意义(1)Itjustdoesn’tmakesense—whywouldshedoathinglikethat?这真是无法解释——她为什么会做出这样的事情？(朗文词典)(2)TherearesomanynewwordsinthepassagethatIcouldhardlymakeanysenseofthematall.这篇文章有那么多生词，我根本不理解它们的意思。(3)There’snosenseinpretendingthisdoesn’thappen.假装这件事没有发生毫无意义。makesenseof弄懂……的意思；理解makenosense没道理；没意义inasense在某种意义上；在某种程度上innosense决不(位于句首时，句子要倒装)There’snosenseindoingsth.做某事没有意义。基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Thereisnosenseinforcing(force)yourselftogetwhatyoudon’twant.(2)Itisnecessarytoexplainyourtheoryatlength，otherwisetheaudiencewon’tmakesenseofwhatyouaretryingtogetacross.(3)Whatyousayistrueinasense.写作能力提升——[句式升级](4)Iinnosenseagreewiththissuggestion.(改为倒装句)InnosensedoIagreewiththissuggestion.adaptv.使适应；使适合；改编，改写n[单句语法填空](1)Theplayisadaptedfromanovel.(2)Theseteachingmaterialscanbeadaptedforolderchildren.(3)Whenyougotoanewcountry，youmustadapttonewmannersandcustoms.(4)Thisplayisanadaptation(adapt)ofashortnovel.(1)adapt(...)to(使……)适应于……adaptoneselfto使自己适应……adapt...for...为……改编(写)；改造……以供……之用adaptfrom根据……改编(写)(2)adaptationn．改编本；适应stubbornadj.顽固的，固执的；难对付的，棘手的[完成句子](1)他脸上流露出固执坚定的表情。Hisfacewassetinanexpressionofstubborndetermination.(2)这把锁很难开，得给它加点油了。Thislockisratherstubborn；itneedsoiling.stubborn常作为完形填空选项词考查。conveyvt.传达；运送；传送[单句语法填空](1)Pleaseconveymybestwishestoher.(2)Ifindithardtoconveymyfeelingsinwords.(3)Oureveryemotionandmoodcanbeconveyed(convey)withtheuseoffacialexpressionsandbodylanguage.nconvey常与介词to搭配，构成conveysth.tosb.向某人传达……。cautionn./v.小心；谨慎；警告[单句语法填空](1)Thegovernmentsareverycautiousaboutsettinganewpolicyandmakenodecisionuntiltheyarequitesureitistherightone.(2)Theteachercautionedhimagainstbeinglate.(3)Youshouldcrossthestreetwithcaution.withcaution小心地，谨慎地，相当于副词cautiously。gowith伴随；与……相配基础知识训练——[完成句子](1)我要和她一起去以免她受到伤害。Iwillgowithhertomakesureshecomestonoharm.(2)你觉得这帽子和我的新衣服相配吗？Doyouthinkthishatwouldgowithmynewdress?写作能力提升——[翻译句子](3)我想要一条能和这套西装相配的领带。Iwantatiethatwillmatch/gowiththissuit.gowith可表示“与……相配”，和动词match意义相同。Withoutalastnametogowithyourfirstname，howcouldpeopletellwhichRichardorwhichLilyyouare？只有名，没有姓，别人怎么能分出你是哪个理查德或哪个莉莉呢？n(1)Hefollowedhistracksandreturnedtothesnowcave，becausewithoutshelter，hecoulddiethatnight.他沿着踪迹返回到了雪洞，因为如果没有栖身之处，那天晚上他就会死掉。(2015·北京)(2)Butforthesafetybelt，Iwouldn’tbealivetoday.假若没有安全带的话，我就活不到今天了。(1)由without构成的介词短语表示含蓄条件，相当于if引导的虚拟条件句。如果该短语表示与过去事实相反的情况，句子的谓语动词用would/could/mighthavedone；如果与现在事实相反，句子谓语动词用would/could/might＋动词原形。(2)表示含蓄条件的还有：butfor，otherwise，or等。基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Withoutair，therewouldbe(be)nolivingthings.(2)Ididn’tknowthathewasacheat，otherwiseIwouldn’thavebelieved(not，believe)him.写作能力提升——[同义句改写](3)Ifitwerenotfortheirhelp，wecouldnotgetoverthedifficulties.Butfor/Withouttheirhelp，wecouldnotgetoverthedifficulties.Whatifhehadbigfeet？如果他的脚很大(他又该叫什么)呢？(1)Whatifthefamilyhadsimplyleftthecatbehind?倘若那家人把猫丢下会怎么样？(2)Whatfor？YourEnglishisasgoodasmine.为什么呢？你的英文跟我的一样好。(3)SevenmonthsagoIneverwouldhavebelievedthis，butguesswhat？BartConnerisisonthatteam.n七个月前我根本就不会相信，但是你猜怎么着，巴特·康纳就在那个队里。Whatif...？“如果……将会怎样；即使……又有什么关系？”为省略结构，相当于Whatshallwe/Idoif...？whatif中what可看作是whatshouldsb.do或whatdoesitmatter或whatwouldhappen的省略。whatif用于提出假设时，其后句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时)，也可用虚拟语气(一般过去时或should＋动词原形)。Whatfor？为何目的？为何理由？Sowhat？那又怎么样？What/Howabout...？……怎么样？Guesswhat？你知道……吗？你猜怎么着？What’sup？相当于What’sthematter？怎么了？基础知识训练——[单句语法填空](1)Whatifyoushouldfail?(2)Howaboutgoing(go)outforawalk?(3)Whatforareyousmokingtobacco?写作能力提升——[完成句子](4)—Herfatherisveryrich.—Sowhat(那又怎么样)？Shewouldn’taccepthishelpevenifitwereoffered.(5)Whatifhewon’tcome(要是他不愿意来怎么办)？Canyoutellme？Ⅰ.教材与语法填空Unit1Peoplearealwayschanging，whilepeople’snamesstay1.thesame.Anamesometimessayssomethingniceabouttheone2.whosenameitis.Girls’namesoftencome3.fromnwordsmeaning“pretty”，“happy”，“lovely”．Boys’namesareoftenborrowedfromwordsmeaning“strong”，“brave”，“lucky”．However，withoutalastname4.togo(go)withafirstname，it’sdifficulttotellwho’swho.Inthepastpeoplehadonlyonename.Withmoreandmorepeopleintheworld，itbecame5.harder(hard)totellthemapart.Sopeoplebegan6.making(make)uplastnamesfor7.themselves(they)．Sometimesamanwouldchoosealastnameaccordingtothekindofworkhedid.Sometimesaman8.got(get)hislastnamefromhisfather’sfirstname，andoftenamangothislastnamefromtheplace9.wherehelived.Sometimescoloursbecomelastnames.Forexample，amanwithredhairmight10.becalled(call)TomRed.Unit2Nonverbalcommunicationplays1.animportantpartindailycommunication.Infact，peoplepickup2.more(many)fromnonverbalcommunicationthanfromthewords，sowhenstudyingaboutaforeignculture，itmakessense3.topay(pay)attentiontohowpeopleusenonverbalcues.Gesturesmake4.upamajorformofnonverbalcommunication.However，agesturemayhavedifferentmeanings5.indifferentcultures.Forthatreason，peopleinaforeignculturemustusegestureswithcaution.Oneshouldalsopayattentiontoanother6.cultural(culture)aspectofnonverbalcommunication：space.Everypersonperceiveshimselftohaveasortofinvisibleshield7.surrounding(surround)hisphysicalbody.8.Considering(consider)theinfluenceofnonverbalcommunication，weneverreallystop9.communicating(communicate)．Howwewalk，howwestand，howweuseourhands，howwepositionourbodies，howweshowemotions—allsendamessagetoothers.That’swhyit’spossible,10.asthesayinggoes，to“readsomeonelikeabook”．Ⅱ.教材与短文改错Unit1BeijingOperaoriginatedinthelate18thcenturyandwasamixtureofmusic，dance，artandacrobatics.BasingupontraditionalAnhuiOpera，ithasadoptedrepertoire，musicandperformingtechniquesfromotherformsofoperas.MuchhistoricaleventsareadaptedintoBeijingOperaplays.Therearefourrolesinthegeneral:themale，thefemale，nthe“paintedface”，ortheclown.ThecostumesarebasedonthatoftheMingDynasty，nomatterthestoryisset.Afewsoldiersonthestagemayrepresentawholearmy.Anactorcircledthestagesuggestsalongjourney.Becauseartistshavebeenworkinghardoverthepasttwocentury，BeijingOperahasbecomearefinedartformandnowrepresentanimportantpartofChineseculture.答案BeijingOperaoriginatedinthelate18thcenturyandamixtureofmusic，dance，artandacrobatics.upontraditionalAnhuiOpera，ithasadoptedrepertoire，musicandperformingtechniquesfromotherformsofoperas.historicaleventsareadaptedintoBeijingOperaplays.Therearefourrolesinthegeneral:themale，thefemale，the“paintedface”，theclown.ThecostumesarebasedonoftheMingDynasty，nomatterthestoryisset.Afewsoldiersonthestagemayrepresentawholearmy.Anactorthestagesuggestsalongjourney.Becauseartistshavebeenworkinghardoverthepasttwo，BeijingOperahasbecomearefinedartformandnowanimportantpartofChineseculture.Unit2PeopleoftensaythattheEnglishman’shomewashiscastle.Theymeanthatthehomeisveryimportantandpersonaltohim.OnceIwastravellingontraintoLondon.Iwasinasectionforfourpeopleandtherewasatablebeforeus.Themanontheoppositesidetomehadhisbriefcaseonthetable.Therewasnospaceonhissideofthetableatall.Iwasannoying.Maybehethoughtthatheownedthewholetable.Ihadbeenreadabookaboutnonverbalcommunication，and...Itookvariouspapersoutofmybagandputthemonhisbriefcase!WhenIdidthishestiffenedandhiseyenearlypoppedoutofhishead.Ihadinvadedhisspace!nAfewminuteslateItookupmypapersoffhiscaseinordertoreadthem.Heimmediatelymovedhiscasetothesideofthetable.答案PeopleoftensaythattheEnglishman’shomehiscastle.Theymeanthatthehomeisveryimportantandpersonaltohim.OnceIwastravellingontraintoLondon.Iwasinasectionforfourpeopleandtherewasatableus.Themanontheoppositesidetomehadhisbriefcaseonthetable.Therewasnospaceonsideofthetableatall.Iwas.Maybehethoughtthatheownedthewholetable.Ihadbeenabookaboutnonverbalcommunication，...Itookvariouspapersoutofmybagandputthemonhisbriefcase!WhenIdidthishestiffenedandhisnearlypoppedoutofhishead.Ihadinvadedhisspace!AfewminutesItookupmypapersoffhiscaseinordertoreadthem.Heimmediatelymovedhiscasetothesideofthetable.Ⅲ.教材与话题微写作写作素材(关于身体语言)1．在非言语交际中，手势起着非常重要的作用；2．在不同的国家，同样的手势有时却有着相反的意义；3．在和来自不同文化的人交流时要谨慎；4．避免出现令人尴尬的场面。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用therefore，when引导的时间状语从句等高级词汇和句式。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Innonverbalcommunication，gesturesplayaveryimportantrole.Butindifferentcountries，thesamegesturesometimeshastheoppositemeaning.Therefore，whencommunicatingwithpeoplefromdifferentcultures，weshouldbecautioustoavoidembarrassingscenes.nⅠ.单句语法填空1．Thisnovelhasbeenadapted(adapt)forradiofromtheRussianoriginal.2．Yousee，abitofrespect(respectable)andcooperationcandothejobbetter.(2015·重庆)3．Onamoregloballevel，thedestructionoftherainforestforfullsuncoffeefieldsalsothreatens(threat)humanlife.(2015·陕西)4．Justasasinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.(2015·浙江)5．Instressfulsituationsinwhichrisktakingcanpayoffbig，menmaytendtodobetter；whencaution(cautious)weighsmore，however，womenwillwin.6．Thecircleisdividedintosections，andeachsectionrepresentsafractionofthedata.(2015·浙江)7．Considering(consider)thedistance，hearrivedveryquickly.8．Itisalsoamarkofdisrespectforasystemoraninstitution.9．Withouthiswartimeexperiences，Hemingwaywouldn’thavewrittenhisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.10.Next，shetiedseveralchopstickstogether，representing(represent)afamily.(2015·安徽)Ⅱ.阅读理解(2016·安徽马鞍山二十二中月考)Thehatedmobilephoneroaming(漫游)chargesthatgreatlyaffecttourists’tripsaroundEuropearesettobeended，butyou’llhavetowaituntil2017forittohappen.TheagreementannouncedonJune30willendthefrustration(懊恼)ofEuropeanUnioncitizensonholidayorabroadforbusinesswhofacetoomanychargesforusingtheirphonesforcallsandInternetbrowsingwhenintheEUbutoutsidetheirhomecountry.“ComingintoforceonJune15,2017，thedealmeansyoucanuseyourmobilephonewhentravelingintheEUandpaythesamepricesasathome，”theEuropeanCommissionsaidinastatement.“Ifyoupayforamonthlyvolume(月套餐)ofminutes，SMSanddatainyourcountry，anyvoicecalln，SMSanddatasessionyoumakewhiletravelingabroadintheEUwillberemovedfromthatasifyouwereathome，withnoextracharges，”itadded.Thedealwasreachedfollowingdiscussionsdatingfrom2013，butstillneedsformalapprovalbytheEuropeanParliamentand28governments.“Thisistheendofalongprocessandwe’redelightedwemanagetoproducearesultthatwillmeanspecificimprovementforcitizensinthesinglemarket，”EuropeanCommissionspokesmanMargaritisSchinassaid.Commentingontheagreement，GautamSrivastava，amobilephoneexpertatMoneySuperMarketsaid，“TheendofroamingchargesintheEUisagreatwinforcustomersbothintheUKandinEurope.”“FromJune2017on，you’llbeabletouseyourmobilephoneintheEU—sonomoreworryingaboutdatalimitsormakingandreceivingcallswhenyou’reonyourholidays，”addedGautamSrivastava.语篇解读　本文属于新闻报道。文章介绍欧盟将取消手机漫游费。这样做可以给游客带来很多好处。11．Thetextismostprobably.A．atravelguideB．anewspaperadC．anewsreportD．aculturalresearch答案　C解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“Thehatedmobilephoneroaming(漫游)chargesthatgreatlyaffecttourists’tripsaroundEuropearesettobeended，butyou’llhavetowaituntil2017forittohappen.”可知，文章介绍欧盟将取消手机漫游费，可排除A、B、D三项。故选C。12．Whatdoweknowabouttheagreement?A．Ithasbeenputintoeffectsince2013.B．ItallowsEUcitizenstopaylessabroadthanathome.C．Onehastopayfirstforamonthlyvolumetobenefitfromit.D．Ithasn’tbeenofficiallyapprovedsofar.答案　D解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“...butstillneedsformalapprovalbytheEuropeanParliamentand28governments.”可知，这项协议还没有得到官方的正式批准。故选D。13．WhatisexpertGautamSrivastava’sattitudetowardstheagreement?A．Negative.B．Positive.C．Uncertain.D．Unconcerned.n答案　B解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“TheendofroamingchargesintheEUisagreatwinforcustomersbothintheUKandinEurope.”可知，GautamSrivastava对这个协议是赞同的。故选B。14．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A．PeoplewillnotpaymobilephoneroamingchargesinEU.B．EUwillsetalimittoitsmobilephoneroamingcharges.C．EUcitizenswillusemobilephonesabroadfreeofcharge.D．EUwillcancelmobilephoneroamingchargesforitscitizens.答案　D解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thehatedmobilephoneroaming(漫游)chargesthatgreatlyaffecttourists’tripsaroundEuropearesettobeended，butyou’llhavetowaituntil2017forittohappen.”及第二段第一句中的“TheagreementannouncedonJune30willendthefrustration(懊恼)ofEuropeanUnioncitizens...”可知，文章介绍欧盟将取消手机漫游费。故选D。Ⅲ.七选五(2017·福建莆田二十五中月考)Everyonecomplains.Evenifyouarguethatyouarethehappiestpersonintheworld，youstillcomplainsometimes.Sometimesyoucomplainwithoutevenrealizingit，butrarelyisiteverhelpful.15Herearesometipstostopcomplainingandgiveupthenegativethoughts：16Whenyoufindyourselfthinkingorsayinganegativecommentaboutsomethingorsomeone，stopandforceyourselftosaysomethingpositiveinstead.Seekthehelpofacheerfulfriendtochangeyouwhenyoucomplainandhelpyoutoseethepositiveinthesituation.Makealistofthingswearegratefulfor.Weoftencomplainaboutthethingswedon’thavewithoutnoticingthosethingswealreadyhave.Begratefulforwhatwehaveinourlifebecauseweareluckysimplyforbeingourselves.17Learntoadapttothechanges.Therearemanythingswecan’tchange.18Alwaysfindthepositivesideofeachsituation，regardlessofhoweverdifficultthesituationis.Withparents’andfriends’support，wecansurviveanylifechanges.Allowyourselftovent(发泄)yourfeelingseveryonceinawhile.nConstantlyignorednegativethoughtscouldaddup.Ifyouarereallygoingthrougharoughtime，don’tbeafraidtoshareyourfeelingswithaclosefriendorfamilymemberorseeatherapist.Findwhatmakesyouhappy.19Maybeitistimetomaketheharddecisiontomoveontoanotherjoborcareer.Uncoverwhatyourbiggestcomplaintsareaboutandseeifyoucanchangethesituationtomakeyouhappy.Choosehappiness，focusonthepositive，andbekindalways!A．Changethewayyouthink.B．Makepositivepeoplefriends.C．Thebestandonlythingwecandoistoacceptthem.D．Areyouconstantlycomplainingaboutyourpresentjob?E．Sometimesthislistcanbeeasy，fullofhobbiesyouenjoy.F．Sohowcanyoumanagetoforceyourselftoendcomplaining?G．Setdownthingswearethankfulforandwe’llseethatwedon’thaveanyreasontocomplain.语篇解读　本文告诉我们该如何停止抱怨并放弃消极的想法。15．答案　F解析　空格上文讲述抱怨是没用的，无益的，下文讲述的是停止抱怨，放弃消极思想的一些建议，因此推断空格处选F项“如何成功地让自己停止抱怨呢？”符合语境，起承上启下的作用。故选F。16．答案　A解析　本段讲述当发现自己在想和说一些消极的东西时，停止并强迫自己说一些积极的东西，找一个快乐的朋友帮助你看到事情积极的一面。因此推断本段建议转变自己的思维方式，不要想消极的事情，要想一些积极的东西。故选A。17．答案　G解析　本段建议把感恩的事情列个清单，感激我们所拥有的，因此推断空格处选G项“写下我们感激的事情，我们将会明白我们没有什么可抱怨的。”符合语境。故选G。18．答案　C解析　根据段落标题和空格上文可知，我们要学会适应变化，总有许多事情我们不能改变，因此推断，既然我们不能改变，最好的也是唯一我们能做的就是接受它们。故选C。19．答案　D解析　根据空格下文可知，也许现在到了你要做出艰难的决定换一份工作的时候了，因此推断空格处选D项“你总是不断抱怨你现在的工作吗？”符合语境。故选D。Ⅳ.完形填空(2017·湖北恩施建始一中月考)FaceAdversity(逆境)withaSmilenItoldmyfriendGrahamthatIoftencyclethetwomilesfrommyhousetothetowncentrebutunfortunatelythereisabighillontheroute.Hereplied，“Youmean20.”HeexplainedthatIshouldbegladofthe21exercisethatthehillprovided.My22tothehillhasnowchanged.Iusedto23asIapproacheditbutnowItellmyselfthefollowing.Thishillwillexercisemyheartandlungs.Itwillhelpmeto24andgetfit.ItwillmeanthatIlivelonger.Thishillismyfriend.25，Ihaveasmileof26asIreachthetopofthehill.Problemsaretheretobefacedand27.Wecannotachieveanythingwitha(n)28life.HelenKellerwasthefirstdeafandblindpersonto29anUniversitydegree.Shewrote，“Charactercannotbe30ineaseandquiet.Onlythrough31oftrialandsufferingcanthesoulbestrengthened，visioncleared，ambitioninspiredandsuccessachieved.”Oneofthemain32ofsuccessinlifeisourattitudetowardsadversity.Attimesweallfacehardships，problems，accidentsanddifficulties.33wecannotchoosetheadversity，wecanchooseourattitudetowardsit.DouglasBaderwas21whenin1931hehadbothlegsamputated(截肢)followingaflyingaccident.Hewas34toflyagainandwentontobecomeoneoftheleadingflyingaces(擅长的人)．Hewasa(n)35toothersduringthewar.Hesaid，“Don’tlistentoanyonewhotellsyouthatyoucan’tdothisorthat.That’snonsense.36yourmind，andyou’llnever37crutches(拐杖)orastick，thenhaveagoateverything.Gotoschool，joininallthegamesyoucan.Go38youwantto.Butnever，neverletthem39youthatthingsaretoodifficultorimpossible.”语篇解析　在生活中我们总会遇到各种各样的困难，但我们要迎难而上，而不要被他人的言语打败。20．A.slowlyB．fortunatelyC．carefullyD．quickly答案　B解析　slowly慢慢地；fortunately幸运地；carefully仔细地；quickly快速地。句意为：你的意思是幸运。根据后文“HeexplainedthatIshouldbegladoftheexercisethatthehillprovided.”可知选B项。21．A.abundantB．properC．extraD．necessary答案　C解析　abundant充足的；proper恰当的；extra额外的；necessary必要的。句意为：他解释到我应该很高兴这座山额外所给予的锻炼。故选C项。n22．A.attitudeB．accessC．entranceD．affection答案　A解析　attitude态度；access途径；entrance入口；affection感情。句意为：现在我对这座山的态度改变了。根据“IusedtoasIapproacheditbutnowItellmyselfthefollowing.”可知选A项。23．A.climbB．confuseC．commentD．complain答案　D解析　climb爬；confuse使困惑；comment评论；complain抱怨。句意为：在过去我靠近那山坡时我会抱怨，但现在我告诉自己要顺其自然。根据but可知两个句子是过去和现在的对比，故选D项。24．A.putonweighB．gainweightC．loseweightD．takemyweight答案　C解析　putonweigh增重；gainweight增重；loseweight减肥。句意为：这帮我减肥，使我变得健康。根据“ItwillmeanthatIlivelonger.”可知选C项。25．A.GraduallyB．FinallyC．RarelyD．Approximately答案　B解析　gradually逐渐地；finally最后；rarely稀有地；approximately大约。句意为：最后，当我到达山顶时我露出了满意的笑容。故选B项。26．A.satisfactionB．devotionC．decorationD．caution答案　A解析　satisfaction满意；devotion投入；decoration装饰；caution小心。句意为：最后，当我到达山顶时我露出了满意的笑容。根据语境可知作者到了山顶感到十分的满意，故选A项。27．A.understoodB．clarifiedC．defeatedD．overcome答案　D解析　understand理解；clarify使清楚；defeat打败；overcome克服。句意为：问题总要面对和去克服的。故选D项。28．A.toughB．difficultnC．easyD．reasonable答案　C解析　tough困难的；difficult困难的；easy容易的；reasonable合理的。句意为：我们不可能会轻易地实现目标。根据句意选C项。29．A.gainB．acceptC．accomplishD．admire答案　A解析　gain赢得；accept接受；accomplish完成；admire钦佩。句意为：海伦凯勒是第一个赢得大学学位的聋哑人。根据常识可知选A项。30．A.foundedB．producedC．constructedD．developed答案　D解析　found建立；produce生产；construct构成；develop发展。句意为：海伦说，在安逸和平静中，人格是无法发展的。只有通过艰难和困苦的磨难才能使内心坚定，视野开阔，雄心振奋，从而达到成功的目的。根据语境可知选D项。31．A.happinessB．experiencesC．difficultiesD．pressures答案　B解析　happiness幸福；experience经历；difficulty困难；pressure压力。句意参考上题解析，故选B项。32．A.emphasisB．conflictsC．factorsD．powers答案　C解析　emphasis加强；conflict矛盾；factor因素；power力量。句意为：成功的一个重要因素是我们对于逆境的态度。根据句意选C项。33．A.WhileB．AsC．BecauseD．If答案　A解析　while尽管；as因为；because因为；if如果。句意为：有时我们会面对困难，问题和各种事故。尽管我们不能选择逆境，但我们能选择我们的态度。两个句子是让步关系，故选A项。34．A.devotedB．determinedC．commandedD．forced答案　B解析　句意为：他决定再次飞行，继续成为一个这方面的领头人。bedeterminedtodon下定决心做某事，故选B项。35．A.appreciationB．qualificationC．inspirationD．destination答案　C解析　appreciation感激；qualification资格；inspiration鼓励；destination目的地。句意为：在战争期间，这对于他人来说是一种鼓励。根据语境可知选C项。36．A.OpenupB．MakeupC．CometoD．Comeinto答案　B解析　句意为：下定决心，你就不会用拐杖，然后就能迈向一切。makeupone’smind下定决心，故选B项。37．A.rejectB．deliverC．abandonD．use答案　D解析　reject拒绝；deliver递送；abandon抛弃；use使用。句意参考上题解析，故选D项。38．A.anywhereB．everywhereC．nowhereD．somewhere答案　A解析　anywhere任何地方；everywhere每个地方；nowhere无处；somewhere某地。句意为：去任何你想去的地方。故选A项。39．A.adviseB．attemptC．requestD．persuade答案　D解析　advise建议；attempt企图；request要求；persuade说服。句意为：绝不让它们说服你，让你觉得事情太难了或做这个事情是不可能的。根据语境可知选D项。