2018年中考英语总复习易错知识点专题七形容词专项训练含解析

2018年中考英语总复习易错知识点专题七形容词专项训练含解析

专题七 形容词 易错清单 ‎1. good,well,nice,fine good是涵义最广的常用词,属一般用语,主要指“人的品质好”或“东西的质量好”等意思。如:‎ Milk is good for children.‎ 牛奶对儿童有益。‎ John is a good worker.‎ 约翰是一名好工人。‎ nice带有一定的感情色彩,着重强调人们的感觉,含有“漂亮的”、“美妙的”、“美味的”等意思;也可表示对人“友好和蔼”。如:‎ The chips are nice.‎ 这些炸土豆条很好吃。‎ Nice to meet you.很高兴见到您。‎ fine侧重于表示“质量精细”、“身体健康”,还可以表示“天气晴”等意,语气比good重。如:‎ ‎—How are you?你身体好吗?‎ ‎—Fine,thank you.很好,谢谢你。‎ It is a fine day today.今天天气晴朗。‎ well常用作副词,修饰动词;也可用作形容词(仅作表语),表示“身体好”、“健康的”、“顺利的”等意;还可译为“满意的;恰当的”等。如:‎ My grandma is very well.我奶奶身体很好。‎ Liu Ning speaks English well.刘宁英语讲得很好。‎ ‎2. tall与high;short与low 说人、动物、树木等有生命的东西,要用tall,不用high,如a tall woman 一个高个子妇女。‎ high表示不与地面接触的人或物的高,或人站在桌子上、飞机飞上天空的高度等。如:‎ He is high up in the tree.‎ 他高高地爬在树上。‎ 8‎ ‎ ‎ The plane is so high in the sky.‎ 飞机在空中这么高。‎ 指建筑物、山时用tall或high都可以,不过high的程度比tall高。‎ high可作副词,tall不能。‎ tall的反义词为short,high的反义词为low。‎ 指人(树、楼)的个子时用tall与short;指其他事物(含价格price时)一般用high与low。如:‎ He's very tall/short. 他个子高/矮。‎ Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.‎ 大道的两侧有高大的树木。‎ A few people live on high mountains.‎ 少量的人住在高山上。‎ ‎3. real与true ‎(1)real指客观上存在,并非想象和虚构的,它是与“无”相对而言。如:‎ Mo Yan's real name is Guan Moye.‎ 莫言的真名字是管谟业。‎ ‎(2)true是指“真正的”,“真实的”,强调事实和实际情况相符,它是与“假”相对而言。如:‎ The news is true.这消息是真的。(不是假消息)‎ 可将true 或real用作修饰一个实体,表示这完全是“真的”,不是伪造的。如:‎ It's a true/real pearl.这是真珍珠。‎ true还可以表示“正确的”,real没有这种用法。如:‎ What he said is true.他说的话是真的。‎ ‎4. interested与interesting interesting指人或东西“有趣的”,作定语或表语,而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”,只能作表语(excited/exciting;bored/boring等类似)。如:‎ The teacher is very interesting and all the children like him.‎ 那个老师很有趣,孩子们都喜欢他。‎ This cartoon movie is really interesting. Most kids like it.‎ 这部卡通电影确实有意思。大部分孩子都喜欢。‎ 8‎ ‎ ‎ Li Lei is very interested in physics.‎ 李磊对物理非常感兴趣。‎ ‎5. whole与all 记住两个词序:the whole + 名词;all (of) the + 名词。如:‎ He was busy the whole morning.‎ 整个早晨他都很忙。‎ He can remember all the words he learns.‎ 他能记住学过的所有单词。‎ ‎6. lonely与alone lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是“孤独的,寂寞的,荒凉的”,作定语或表语;alone的意思是“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,作为副词的alone可作状语。如:‎ He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.‎ 他一人独住,但是并不感到孤独。‎ He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well with him.‎ 他是个孤独的人,你要和他相处好实在不易。‎ ‎7. sick与ill sick和ill都表示“生病的”,但是sick可以作定语、表语,而ill只能做表语。如:‎ He has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now.‎ 他病了很久,现在非常虚弱。‎ Vets help treat sick pets and most of the pets owners like them.‎ 兽医帮助诊治患病的宠物,很受宠物主人们的喜爱。‎ 提分策略 ‎　　形容词是历年中考英语试题语法考点之一。近年来中考对形容词的考查重点主要有两个方面:一、考查形容词的语法作用——作表语、宾语补足语和修饰不定代词等。二、考查形容词辨析用法及其比较级、最高级和同级比较。解题时,要注意以下两个方面。‎ ‎1. 形容词词意辨析 形容词词意辨析是中考考查的主要内容,这就要求考生熟记常用易混形容词,能结合具体语境准确使用形容词。‎ ‎【例1】　(2014· 山东枣庄·16)Tom doesn't like thrillers because ‎ 8‎ ‎ ‎ it's 　　　　. ‎ A. funny B. interesting C. exciting D. scary ‎【解析】　考查形容词词义辨析。汤姆不喜欢恐怖片,因为它可怕,不是滑稽、有趣或激动人心,所以选D。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎【例2】　(2014·浙江温州·3)Leo was so 　　　　that he rushed to the kitchen,hoping to find something to eat. ‎ A. thirsty B. hungry C. tired D. sleepy ‎【解析】　考查形容词词义辨析。由从句句意“他冲向厨房,希望找到吃的东西”判断,Leo 饿了,不是渴了、累了或困了,所以选B。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎【例3】　 (2013·黑龙江牡丹江 ·6)There isn't much traffic near his house. He lives in a 　　　　neighborhood. ‎ A. quiet B. noisy C. dirty ‎【解析】　考查形容词的用法。根据前句句意“在他家附近没有很多车辆”可以推测出他住在一条安静的街道上,quiet 意为安静的,noisy意为吵闹的,dirty意为脏的,所以选择答案A。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎【例4】　 (2013·浙江湖州·23)My new neighbor is so 　　　　that he enjoys meeting and talking to people. ‎ A. shy B. outgoing C. quiet D. smart ‎【解析】　考查形容词辨析。句意:我的新邻居是如此外向,他很喜欢与人交谈。outgoing,外向的、开朗的,与后面的“enjoys meeting and talking to people”对应。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎2. 形容词比较等级及其特殊用法 中考对于形容词的考查集中在原级、比较级和最高级的基本句型上,这是中考试题的重点所在。具体来讲,特别要注意下面几点:(1)判断是哪一种句型;(2)‎ 8‎ ‎ ‎ 根据句子的意思来判断;(3)能够根据句子中的一些修饰语做出正确判断。‎ ‎【例1】　(2014·浙江杭州·25)Of the two shirts,I'd like to choose the 　　　　one to save some money for a cap. ‎ A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive ‎【解析】　考查形容词最高级用法。由不定式(为了省点钱买顶帽子)判断,在两件衬衫中,作者想选择较便宜的一件,不是更贵、最贵的或更便宜的一件,所以选B。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎【例2】　(2013·广东·33)—What do you think of the film So Young directed by Zhao Wei?‎ ‎—Wonderful. I think it's 　　　　than the other films about youth in recent years. ‎ A. the best B. the worst C. much better D. much worst ‎【解析】　考查比较级的用法。由Wonderful可知电影好看,排除B、D,than前面为比较级,much可以修饰比较级。所以选择答案 C。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎【例3】　 (2012·江苏南通·13)Bob often says that swimming is 　　　　than hiking in reducing weight, but he always spends more time on swimming.  ‎ A. less useful B. less interesting C. more useful D. more interesting ‎【解析】　 考查形容词比较级的用法。从后面的than 可知用比较级,后面的but可知与前面内容相反,but 引出的内容是“花更多的时间在游泳上”。可知前面相反的是“无用的”。故选A。‎ ‎【答案】　A 专项训练 ‎1. (2014·山东菏泽·4)—I can't afford the white sweater. Can you show me another one?‎ ‎—What about the orange one? The price is a little 　　　　. ‎ A. cheaper B. higher 8‎ ‎ ‎ C. lower D. more expensive ‎2. (2014·山东济南·34)Shao Shuai is one of the 　　　　boys in China. We should learn from him. ‎ A. thankful B. more thankful C. most thankful D. less thankful ‎3. (2014·`江苏盐城 ·9)The old town of Lijiang is 　　　　with tourists for its beautiful old buildings. ‎ A. popular B. famous C. special D. for ‎4. (2014·上海奉贤区·36)Dear students,please read every sentence carefully. 　　　　you are,　　　　 mistakes you'll ‎ make.‎ A. The more carefully;the fewer B. The more careful;the less C.The more carefully;the less D. The more careful;the fewer ‎5. (2014·湖北鄂州·32)—Dad,I think I am 　　　　to get back to school. ‎ ‎—Not really,dear. You'd better stay at home for two days.‎ A. so well B. so good C. good enough D. well enough ‎6. (2013·天津)A 100-year-old man ran a marathon in Toronto on Sunday. He became the 　　　　person to complete the long-distance running in the world. ‎ A. youngest B. best C. biggest D. oldest ‎7. (2013·四川成都)—Math is too difficult,I nearly give it up.‎ ‎—Please don't;nothing is 　　　　if you put your heart into it. ‎ A. important B. impossible C. interesting ‎8. (2013·福建泉州)—I hear Michael never tells a lie.‎ ‎—That's right. He is an 　　　　boy. ‎ A. active B. honest C. outgoing ‎9. (2013·河北)Mo Yan is 　　　　Chinese writer that won the Nobel Prize in 2012. ‎ 8‎ ‎ ‎ A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular ‎10. (2013·江苏南京)—Why are you so 　　　　, Amy? ‎ ‎—I thought I lost my wallet,but I didn't. I found it in my bag!‎ A. angry B. happy C. sad D. nervous 参考答案与解析 ‎1. A　解析:考查形容词辨析用法。special特别的;simple简单的;important重要的;interesting有趣的。由“usual shirt and jeans”判断,Jim穿着与往常一样,没有什么特别的。故选A。‎ ‎2. B　解析:考查形容词辨析用法。tired 累;worried 着急;excited 激动的;relaxed放松的。由“can't find(找不到)”判断,你看起来着急。故选B。‎ ‎3. A　解析:考查形容词辨析用法。noisy吵闹的;lonely独自的;quiet安静的;strict严格的。由“talking and laughing in the classroom”判断,它是吵闹的。故选A。‎ ‎4. B　解析:考查形容词的用法。应答句是并列句,第一个空应该用形容词interesting;我感到有点乏味用a bit bored。故选B。‎ ‎5. B　解析:考查形容词比较级的用法。由“形容词比较级+than”判断,此处应该用形容词比较级,所以排除A、C、D三项。故选B。‎ ‎6. A　解析:考查形容词的辨析。对于中国有自己的航母,我当然会感觉激动和“自豪”。而不是可怕、紧张、奇怪。‎ ‎7. D　解析:考查形容词词意辨析。weak虚弱的;nervous紧张的;serious严重的;energetic精力充沛。句意:弗雷德总是精力充沛,因为他经常做对他的健康有益的户外活动。所以选择答案D。‎ ‎8. C　解析:考查形容词的词意辨析。句意:星期五晚上我从大学里回家过生日。家里没有人,妈妈和爸爸也没有给我留字条,这使我很生气。根据句意,答案选C比较符合“I”当时的心情写照,其他三个选项都与当时的情景不符。‎ ‎9. D　解析:考查形容词词意辨析。shy害羞的;friendly友好的;polite礼貌的;hard-working刻苦的。句意:在考试中艾玛总能取得好成绩,因为她是一个勤勉的女孩。故选D项。‎ ‎10. B　解析:考查形容词的用法。careful 小心的;proud骄傲的,自豪的;tired累的;afraid害怕的。根据句意“我为你而自豪”,构成 be proud of 固定短语“以……为荣”,所以选 ‎ 8‎ ‎ ‎ B。‎ 8‎ ‎ ‎