2018全国中考英语试题分类汇编 ：被动语态（教师卷）

2018全国中考英语试题分类汇编 ：被动语态（教师卷）

‎ 2018全国中考英语试题分类汇编 ：被动语态 ‎1.When he went abroad, he found that many products in local shops _______ in China.‎ ‎ A. make B. makes C. made D. were made ‎【来源】辽宁 阜新 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：当他出国时，他发现在当地商店的许多商品是中国制造的。结合句 ‎ ‎ 意，此处主语products与谓语make之间是被动关系，故用be+过去分词， ‎ ‎ 主语products是复数形式，故谓语用复数形式，故为were made。故选D。‎ ‎2.—Simon, do you know who invented the kite?‎ ‎ —Sure! It ____ by Mozi over 2,000 years ago.‎ ‎ A. is invented B. invented C. was invented D. will be invented ‎【来源】江苏 南京 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：Simon，你知道谁发明了风筝吗？—当然，它是于2000多年前被墨 ‎ ‎ 子发明的。by引出动作的发出者，而前面的主语it（代指风筝）与选项动 ‎ ‎ 词之间是被动关系，事件发生于2000多年前，故句子用一般过去时态的 ‎ ‎ 被动语态来表达，答案选C。‎ ‎ 【点睛】‎ ‎ 初中英语教材中出现了五种时态的被动语态及带有情态动词的被动语态。‎ ‎ （1）一般现在时被动语态的构成：助动词am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 ‎ English is spoken in many countries.‎ ‎ (2) 一般过去时被动语态的构成：助动词was/were + 及物动词的过去分词 ‎ Was this novel written by his father?‎ ‎ (3) 一般将来时构成：will/be going to do + be + 及物动词的过去分词 ‎ The baby will be taken good care of in the hospital.‎ ‎ (4) 现在完成时被动语态的构成：助动词have/has + been + 及物动词的过去分 ‎ ‎ 词 ‎ Has his work been finished yet?‎ ‎ (5) 现在进行时被动语态的构成：am/is/are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 ‎ The problem is being discussed by the students.‎ ‎ (6)带有情态动词的被动语态的 构成：情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 ‎ Your composition must be handed in tomorrow.‎ ‎3._____ Wugang Airport_____ last year?‎ ‎ A. Did; build B. Had; built C. Was; built ‎【来源】湖南 邵阳 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：武冈机场是去年修建的吗？Did…build是一般过去时态的疑问句形 ‎ ‎ 式；Had…built是过去完成时态，疑问句形式；Was…built是一般过去时被 ‎ ‎ 动语态，疑问句形式。句中的主语Wugang Airport与谓语动词build构成 ‎ ‎ 被动关系，这里应使用被动语态，且时间是last year，过去的，故应用一 ‎ ‎ 般过去时的被动语态，选C。‎ ‎4.A new international airport_______in the city next year.‎ A. completes B. is completed C. will complete D. will be completed ‎【来源】北京 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：一座新的国际机场明年将要在这所城市完工。一般将来时的被动语态。completes一般现在时；is completed 一般现在时的被动语态；will complete一般将来时； will be completed一般将来时的被动语态。根据句子的主语是“A new international airport”以及时间状语“next year”所以要用一般将来时的被动语态来填空，因此可知这句话的意思是“一座新的国际飞机场明年将要在这所城市完工。”故选D。‎ ‎5.—Let’s go to play soccer, Peter.‎ ‎—I’m afraid not. I’ll need one more hour before my homework_______.‎ A. has finished B. finished C. will be finished D. is finished ‎【来源】四川 眉山 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：—彼得，让我们去踢足球吧。—我恐怕不行。我还需要一小时才能完成作业。before表示“在……之前”，引导的时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，结合句意，主语homework与谓语finish之间是被动关系，故用is finished。故选D。‎ ‎6.—Final exam is coming, Tom. Don’t watch TV for too long.‎ ‎—I’m not a child any more. I ______ what to do.‎ A. should always be told B. should always tell C. shouldn't always be told D. shouldn’t always tell ‎【来源】四川 达州 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：—期末考试就要来了，汤姆。不要看太长时间的电视。—我不再是个孩子了。我不应该总是被告知该做什么。考查被动语态。主语是I动词tell的承受者，所以使用被动语态形式，因此B/D不对。由句子I’m not a child any more. 我不再是个孩子了。可知，下句应该用被动句的否定形式。故选C。‎ ‎7.—What a terrible rainstorm it was last night!‎ ‎—Yes, many old trees and houses________ .‎ A. pull down B. were pulling down ‎ C. were pulled down D. pulled down ‎【来源】四川 南充 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：昨天晚上多么可怕的暴风雨啊！—是的，许多老树和房子都被推倒了。本题考查一般过去时被动语态。A pull down拆毁.拉倒;拉下，原形；B. were pulling down 过去进行时； C. were pulled down 一般过去时被动语态；D. pulled down一般过去时。“房子被拉倒”，要用被动语态，又发生在last night ，要用一般过去时。所以要用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。‎ ‎8.The school music festival _________next Monday.‎ A. was held B. held C. will be held ‎【来源】吉林省 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：这个学校的音乐节将在下周一举行。was held被举行，是一般过去时的被动语态；held是hold的过去式或过去分词；will be held一般将来时的被动语态。根据句意可知，该句的主语The school music festival与动词hold构成被动关系，应使用被动语态；next Monday是将来的时间，故应选C。‎ ‎9.You__________ throw it away. It can _________ .‎ A. needn’t; recycle B. needn't; be recycled C. don' t need; be recycled ‎【来源】黑龙江 龙东地区 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：你没有必要把它扔掉。它可以回收利用。needn’t情态动词，不必；后跟动词原形；recycle实义动词，回收利用。Can 是情态动词，后跟动词原形。根据句意，知“it”‎ 是动作的承受者，“被回收利用”故使用be recycled。所以答案选B。‎ ‎10.It is believed that tea ________ to Korea and Japan from China during 6th and 7th centuries.‎ A. brought B. was brought C. is brought ‎【来源】山东 菏泽 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：茶被认为是在第六和第七世纪期间从中国带到韩国和日本的。考查被动语态。本句是宾语从句，从句主语tea是单数第三人称，还是动词bring的受动者，需用被动语态，即be+过去分词结构。during 6th and 7th centuries在第六和第七世纪期间，用于一般过去时，根据句意语境，可知是一般过去时的被动语态，需用was+过去分词结构，故选B。‎ ‎11.What good news! Xiaogan West Station ________in Yunmeng in two years.‎ A. builds B. will build C. is built D. will be built ‎【来源】湖北 孝感 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：多好的消息啊！孝感西站将于两年内在云梦建成。A. builds动词三单，建造；B. will build一般将来时态，将要建造；C. is built一般现在时态的被动语态，被建造；D. will be built一般将来时态的被动语态，将被建造。根据in two years表示将来的时间短语，以及主谓之间的被动关系，所以本句使用“一般将来时态的被动语态”。故选：D。‎ ‎12.— The 19th National Congress of the CPC(中共十九大) _____ in Beijing last year.‎ ‎— Our country has been into a new era(时代) since then.‎ A. held B. was held C. has held D. had held ‎【来源】湖北咸宁 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：—去年，中共第十九次全国代表大会在北京举行。—从那时起，我国进入了一个新的时代。A. held一般过去时；B. was held一般过去时的被动语态；C. has held 现在完成时态；D. had held过去完成时态。根据时间状语last year判断，句子的时态为一般过去时，主语The 19th National Congress of the CPC与hold之间是被动的关系，因此要用被动语态的形式，故答案为B。‎ ‎13.There will be fewer workers in factories because most work _________ by robots in the future.‎ A. is done B. was done C. will be done D. will do ‎【来源】辽宁 沈阳 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：工厂将会有更少的工人，因为将来大多数工作将会由机器人来做。本题考查一般将来时的被动语态。most work和do之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；再根据in the future可知要用一般将来时的被动语态，对应的结构是 will be done，故答案为C。‎ ‎14.FIFA World Cup______every four years. Guess which team will win in 2018 Russia FIFA World Cup?‎ A. is held B. was held C. will be held ‎【来源】黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：国际足联世界杯每四年举办一场，猜猜哪支球队会在2018年俄罗斯世界杯上获胜？考查一般现在时的被动语态。由题干可知本句主语FIFA World Cup和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；结合句意“国际足联世界杯每四年举办一场”陈述的是客观事实，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are+动词过去分词；主语是FIFA World Cup，第三人称单数，系动词用is，hold的过去分词是held；故答案选A。‎ ‎15. Jane _______ to call me last night, but she didn’t.‎ A. supposed B. supposes C. was supposed D. is suppose ‎【来源】山东临沂 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：詹妮昨天晚上应该打电话给我的，但是她没有。考查被动语态。supposed to猜想会/应该，be supposed to do本应该会，固定短语。Jane是动词suppose的受动者，需用被动语态；last night昨天晚上，是过去的时间，系词需用was；根据句意语境，可知选C。‎ ‎16.Our classroom is very clean and tidy because it ______ every day.‎ A. cleans B. cleaned C. was cleaned D. is cleaned ‎【来源】广西 贺州 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意“—我们的教室非常整洁，每天它都会被打扫”。根据every day可知，用一般现在时，且it指classroom，it与clean之间为被动be done，故选D。‎ ‎17.Students ______ to the library after school.‎ A. allow to go B. are allowed going C. will allow go D. are allowed to go ‎【来源】内蒙古 通辽 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：学生们被允许放学后去图书馆。allow to go形式错误，allow后不能用动词不定式作宾语；are allowed going形式错误，allow 后直接用动名词作宾语；will allow go形式错误；are allowed to go被允许去…。这里考查allow这个词的用法，它的意思是“允许”，常用于句型allow sb. to do sth.或allow doing sth.，根据句意可知，句中的主语Students和动词allow构成被动关系，故应选D。‎ ‎18.Nowadays, because of the Readers(《朗读者》)by CCTV, many book fans _____ reading in public places.‎ A. will see B. were seen C. are seen D. have seen ‎【来源】湖北黄石 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：如今，由于中央电视台的《朗读者》，很多书迷都在公共场所阅读。考查动词语态辨析题。fans书迷，复数人称，是动词see的受动者，需用被动语态，即are+过去分词结构；根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。‎ ‎19.The opening of the 2018 World Cup ______in Russia this evening. So after our English exam, let’s go and watch it to relax ourselves!‎ A. Would be held B. is held C. will be held ‎【来源】四川 成都 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：2018世界杯开幕式今天晚上将在俄国举行。因此在我们英语考试之后，让我们去观看它来放松我们自己。根据语境可知是将来被动语态，其结构是will be done的形式。A. Would be held过去将来被动语态；B. is held一般现在时态的被动语态。根据题意，故选C。‎ 点睛：一般将来时态被动语态的结构是：主语（动作的接受者）+ will（或者其他表示将来时态的助动词:shall; am / is / are going to + ； am / is / are to ）+ 动词过去分词 ‎（1） A meeting will be held.‎ ‎（2）What will be done next?接下来要做什么?‎ ‎20.The latest mobile phone _____ in China.‎ A. will make B. has made C. is making D. is made ‎【来源】江苏 徐州 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：最新的手机是在中国制造的。will make将会制造，一般将来时态；has made现在完成时态；is making现在进行时态；is made 一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知，这句话的主语The latest mobile phone与谓语动词make之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态，选项中只有D是被动形式，故选D。‎ ‎21.If you are caught smoking in the kitchen, you ______ by your boss.‎ A. will fire B. are fired C. will be fired ‎【来源】湖北 恩施 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：如果你在厨房里被抓到吸烟，你就会被老板开除。你只能“被开除”，所以需要使用被动语态be done，如果主句是将来时，那么if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来，这是主将从现的用法，本题中从句是说如果被抓到抽烟的话，用了一般现在时，那么主句用一般将来时，表示“你将会被开除”，所以用一把将来时的被动语态，will be done，故选C，‎ ‎22.Andy, with his parents,_________Hong Kong, and some shopping_______by them.‎ A. have gone to; will do B. has gone to; will be done C. have been to ; will do D. has been to; do ‎【来源】贵州 安顺 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：安迪和他的父母去了香港，他们将买一些东西。Andy是句子的主语，with his parents作状语，根据主谓一致的原则，首先排除A,C；have/has gone to表示某人去了某地，现在还没有回来，have/has been to表示某人去过某地，现已回来。根据by them判断，第二个句子是被动语态的句子，故答案为B。‎ ‎23.The number of the elderly(老人) ______ increasing in China, and with the development of China economy,they _______better care of in the future.‎ A. is; will take B. are; are taken ‎ C. is; will be taken D. are; will take ‎【来源】贵州 安顺 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：中国老年人的数量在不断增加，随着中国经济的发展，他们将得到更好的照顾。the number of表示“……的数量”，跟复数名词连用作主语时，中心词是number，谓语动词要用单数形式，首先排除B,D；they与动词词组take care of 之间是被动的关系，故答案为C。 ‎ ‎24.Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ________ in it.‎ A. list B. are listed C. will list D. will be listed ‎【来源】河北省 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：看这幅画。前五名的电视剧都在里面。考查被动语态。根据语境得知The top five TV plays与list之间存在被动关系；由Look at the picture得知是一般现在时，因此为一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。‎ ‎25.Kids have to take many extra classes after school classes. They _______ hard to study for good grades.‎ A. push B. are pushed C. are pushing D. have pushed ‎【来源】江西省 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：孩子们不得不上很多课外班。他们刻苦学习以求好成绩。考查被动语态。句中的they指上文的kids，是动词push的受动者，需用被动语态；根据句意结构，可知选B。‎ ‎26.Dr Bethune ________ still________ in both China and Canada today A. is; remembered B. is; remembering C. will; remember D. has; remembered ‎【来源】天津市 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：如今白求恩医生仍然被中国和加拿大的人民纪念。 Dr Bethune是动作的承受者，故使用被动语态，又因句中有时间状语 today（今天），故使用一般现在时被动语态，故选A。‎ ‎27.The weatherman says a rain shower _____ this afternoon in the south.‎ A. expects B. expected C. is expected D. was expected ‎【来源】安徽省 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：天气预报员说今天下午在南方有望下阵雨。根据 a rain shower和 expect之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，排除A/B；根据this afternoon 可知是一般现在时态；故选C ‎ 点睛：被动语态的各个时态。1）一般现在时态的 am /is are+done，例如：I am asked to study hard by my mother. 2）一般过去时态的 were/was+done,例如：A new shop was built last year. 3) 现在完成时态的 have/has been+done 例如：This book has been translated into Chiese. 4) 一般将来时态的 will be+ done, 例如：Many trees will be planted next year. 5)现在进行时态的 am/is/are+being+done， 例如：My bike is being repaired by Tom now.‎ ‎28.—Who’s the little girl in the photo, Laura?‎ ‎—It’s me. This photo_________when I was five.‎ A. is taken B. takes C. was taken D. took ‎【来源】重庆市 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查一般过去时被动语态。由句中的when I was five可知，空格处所在的句子是一般过去时，主语This photo与动词take之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时被动语态，一般过去时被动语态的结构为：was/were+过去分词。因此选C。‎ ‎29.–Look, what an old bridge! It looks so special!‎ ‎–Yeah, it ______ nearly 500 years ago.‎ A. was building B. was built C. has built ‎【来源】四川 乐山 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：—看，多么古老的桥啊！看起来很特别！—是啊，它是近500年前建造的。考查动词语态辨析题。it指的是上一句的bridge，是动词build的受动者，需用被动语态。500 years ago五百年前，用于一般过去时。根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。‎ ‎30.—Do you know when and where the 24 Winter Olympic Games___________?‎ ‎—In Beijing and Zhangjiakou, in 2022.‎ A. is held B. will be held C. will hold ‎【来源】湖南 郴州 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：—你知道24届冬奥会什么时候在哪里举行吗？—2022年在北京和张家口。根据the 24 Winter Olympic Games和hold之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，根据in 2022.可知是将来时态；故选B 点睛：被动语态的各个时态。1）一般现在时态的 am /is are+done，例如：I am asked to study hard by my mother. 2）一般过去时态的 were/was+done,例如：A new shop was built last year. 3) 现在完成时态的 have/has been+done 例如：This book has been translated into Chiese. 4) 一般将来时态的 will be+ done, 例如：Many trees will be planted next year. 5)现在进行时态的 am/is/are+being+done， 例如：My bike is being repaired by Tom now.‎