浙江省杭州市2019年中考英语真题试题（含解析）

浙江省杭州市2019年中考英语真题试题（含解析）

‎2019 年杭州中考英语试题 第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）‎ 第一节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）‎ 听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ACCBA 第二节（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）‎ 听下面 3 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白后，你都有时间阅读各小题，每小题 5 秒钟。听完后，各小题给出 5 秒的作答时间，每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第 6 至第 8 三个小题。‎ ABC 听下面一段对话，回答第 9 至第 11 三个小题。‎ ACB 听下面一段独白，回答第 12 至第 15 题四个小题。‎ AABC 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B, C 和D）中选出最佳选项 A The Coffee Pot Restaurant We' re looking for Saturday assistants (帮手)in our busy town centre restaurant.The job will include setting and clearing tables, serving customers and helping in the kitchen.We’re looking for polite and patient people who can work under pressure.‎ Hours: 10 am4 pm including a half-hour lunch break.‎ Pay: Ғ 5 an hour + lunch Film Extras Wanted Have you ever wanted to be in the movies? Are you interested in acting? We’re making a film in the local area during July and August and we 'll need several young people as extras ( 临时演员 ).We’re looking for active and social 14-18 year- old .‎ Pay: Ғ 50 a day + meals.‎ Please include a recent photograph in your application.‎ Newspaper Boys/Girls We're looking for honest young people to deliver ( 投递) newspapers and magazines. We need one person for morning deliveries (7-8) and two people for evening deliveries(5-6). You must be at least 13 years old and have your own bicycle. For morning deliveries you need to be good at getting up early,too!‎ Pay:Ғ 30 a week When you apply (申请),please say whether you prefer mornings or evenings.‎ PART-TIME ASSISTANTS WANTED Shop'n'Save Supermarket needs two young people (14-18) for evening and weekend work.The job includes helping customers, putting things on the shelves, collecting trolleys, etc.‎ Hours： 5-7 evenings or 10-5 Saturdays and Sundays Pay Ғ4 an hour and free lunch for weekend hours 16. To be a film extra, one has to be .‎ A. polite and patient. B. active and social.‎ C. honest and strong. D. helpful and careful.‎ 17. A part-time assistant at Shop' n' Save Supermarket needs to .‎ A. set and clear tables. B. provide a photo.‎ C. deliver newspapers. D help customers.‎ 18. If 13-year-old Tom is free from5:00 pm to7:00 pm, which job can he apply for?‎ A. A restaurant assistant. B. A film extra.‎ C. A newspaper boy. D. A supermarket assistant.‎ ‎【答案解析】16-18 BDC 解析：A 篇为 4 则招聘广告（话题同七下 U1）‎ 16 B 细节题。根据第二栏第五行的 we are looking for active and social 14—18-year-olds，我们要找的是活跃的 14-18 岁的年轻人，可知本题答案是 active and social，因此选B。‎ 17 D 细节题。根据第四栏第三、四行 the job includes helping customers、 putting things on the shelves、 collecting trolleys，etc.这项工作包括帮助客户，把东西放在货架上，收集手推车，等等。可知应聘的人需要 help customers，答案选 D。‎ 18 C 细节题。题目意思是：如果十三岁的 Tom 在晚上 5：00—7：00 有空，那他可以申请哪个工作？首先，Tom 的年龄不符合第二栏（14—18）和第四栏（14—18）工作的年龄要求。其次 Tom 的空闲时间（5：00pm—7：00pm）不符合第一栏的时间要求（10：00am—4： 00pm），而他的年龄和空闲时间是刚好符合第三栏的，因此答案选 Newspapers Boys/Girls， C。‎ B This painting is called The Fighting Temeraire. Temeraire is the name of the big, old sailing ship that you can see on the left of the picture. People chose this picture to be the greatest painting in Britain.‎ J. M. W. Turner painted it in 1839. It shows the old sailing ship, the Temeraire, on the River Thames near London. There's a small tugboat pulling the old ship. It's in fact taking the Temeraire on its last journey. The old ship is going to the breaker's yard. In the background we can see the sun setting.‎ The picture, however, is more than just a painting of two boats in the evening. The artist wanted to show the end of an era (时代). The time of the beautiful, old sailing ships is coming to an end. That's why we see this happening at sunset. In the little, brown tugboat we can see the new industrial era starting. The tugboat is small and dark and it's making a lot of smoke, but it's very strong, because it's pulling the much bigger ship The painting shows a real event. Turner watched the Temeraire taking its last journey up the Thames, but he changed some of the details. He painted the old ship white and gold so that it looks like a ghost. In fact, the real ship was black and yellow. We also see the sun setting behind the ship, but in fact, the ship travelled towards the sunset. However, Turner wanted to show the sun setting on the time of the beautiful old sailing ships.‎ Turner painted The Fighting Temeraire when he was quite old, so perhaps he wanted to show the sun setting on his own life, too. He loved the painting and he never sold it. You can see it today in the National Gallery in London.‎ 16. The Fighting Temeraire .‎ A. is the name of a big sailing ship B. was thought the best painting in Britain C. shows two nice new ships D. was painted by a famous young artist 16. The old ship was pulled to the yard .‎ A. to be painted new B. to be repaired C. to be broken up D. to be sold 17. What does the tugboat stand for according to the passage?‎ A. The new industrial era.‎ B. The beautiful old era.‎ C. The painter's own life.‎ D. The white and gold ghost.‎ 17. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?‎ A. The color of the real sailing ship was white and gold.‎ B. In the painting the sailing ship was going towards the sunset.‎ C. Finally Turner sold this painting because he didn't like it.‎ D. Today the painting is kept in the National Gallery in London.‎ ‎【答案解析】19-22 BCAD 解析：B 篇为说明文。本文主要介绍了一幅画及其含义。‎ ‎19.B 细节理解题。由第一段中 Temeraire is the name of the big, old sailing ship 可知 Temeraire 才是船的名字，A 项错误，也可以知道这幅画上画的是旧的船，C 项错误；由第一段中 People chose this picture to be the greatest painting in Britain 可知人们认为他是英国最伟大的画，与 B 项同义，故B 项正确；由文章第四段的Turner painted The Fighting Temeraire when he was quite old，故D 项错误。‎ ‎20.C 细节理解题。由文章第二段中 It’s in fact taking the Temeraire on its last journey 可知这个是它最后一次旅途了，所以被拉到院子里是为了销毁。break up 结束，解散，衰落。‎ ‎21.A 细节理解题。由文章第三段中 In the little, brown tugboat we can see the new industrial era starting 可知 tugboat 代表的是A 项。‎ ‎22.D 细节理解题。从最后两段话中可知道什么。由 the real ship was black and yellow 可知A 项错误；由 we also see the sun seting behind the ship 可知B 项错误；由 He loved the painting and he never sold it 可知C 项错误；由 You can see it in the National Gallery in London 可知D 项正确。‎ C Smile Train is a charity (慈善团体) that helps the millions of children around the world, who suffer from a facial defect (缺陷). The defect happens when a baby's top lip or mouth doesn't form properly before birth. Eating and drinking is very difficult for these babies. The charity provides free operations, which give these children a new smile, and with it, new hope and a new beginning.‎ Children with the defect need all the help. Although many sufferers are accepted by their families, sadly, others are not. In some countries, children with this defect are often abandoned at birth because their parents feel ashamed of them or cannot afford the operations. The good news is that the operation is not difficult. It takes less than an hour and costs the family nothing. The charity raises money and finds the right medical volunteers to perform the operations.‎ A Smile Train doctor from the UK said, “Each child who has the operation is given a second chance at life. After years of staying at home, the children can finally go to school and be happy. Every year I perform hundreds of operations free of cost through Smile Train. Some of the stories I have heard are quite surprising.‎ One newborn baby girl was found abandoned on a train. Luckily for her, she was found and adopted (收养) by a passenger. This lady then heard about Smile Train and brought the baby to our hospital. I did the operation and gave hope to the family. Experienced doctors like me share our skills with local doctors. In this way make sure that these operations will always be available."‎ 16. Smile Train is a charity which .‎ A. provides food and medical care for poor children B. raises money for all the doctors working in the UK.‎ C. offers free medical help to children with the facial defect D. gives children without parents a new hope and a new beginning 17. The underlined word "abandoned" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .‎ A. given up B. dressed up C. called up D. brought up 18. What did the doctor from the UK think of his volunteer work?‎ A. Dangerous B. Surprising C. Relaxing D. Valuable 19. It can be inferred from the passage that .‎ A. children with the facial defect are becoming more ashamed than before.‎ B. more doctors are trained to help children with the facial defect.‎ C. fewer baby boys with the facial defect are operated on than girls.‎ D. doctors in Smile Train are always well paid for doing the operations ‎【答案解析】23-26 CADB 解析：C 篇为说明文。Smile Train 的慈善团体帮助有面部缺陷的孩子做手术。‎ ‎23、C，细节理解题，根据第一段第一句“Smile Train is a charity that help the millions of children around the world, who suffer from a facial defect.”和最后一句 “The charity provides free operations,”，可知 Smile Train 这个慈善团体主要是帮助有面部缺陷的孩子们，使他们能接受免费的手术。故答案选C。‎ ‎24、A，词义猜测题，根据第二段第二、三、四句“Although many sufferers are accepted by their families. Sadly, others are not. In some countries, children with this defect are often abandoned at birth because their parents feel ashamed of them or cannot afford the operations.”可知尽管很多患者被他们的家庭接受了，但是令人遗憾的是，有一些并没有被他们的家庭接受。在有些国家，有这个缺陷的孩子们经常一出生就被他们的父母遗弃，因为他们觉得羞愧或者是没有办法承担手术的费用。A、give up 放弃；B、dress up 盛装打扮；C、call up 打电话给某人；D、bring up 养育、提出。故答案选A。‎ ‎25、D，细节理解题，根据最后一段倒数第三句“I did the operation and gave hopes to the family”可知，这位来自英国的医生认为自己的志愿者活动给这些患病孩子的家庭带去了希望，是很有价值的。故答案选D。‎ ‎26、B，推理判断题，由最后一段的最后两句可知有经验的医生们把做手术的技术分享给当地的医生，通过这种方式，我们确保了孩子们一直可以接受到这样的手术。故答案选B。‎ D If you go shopping in any toy store, you can see clearly the different games and toys for boys and girls：there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls ；and dark colored cars, guns, and soldiers for boys. Some big ‎ stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and a blue floor for boys. In fact, it is difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink.‎ Some people think that too much pink is bod for girls. Sue Palmer, writer of Toxic Childhood, is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color. According to some scientists, this happens for two reasons.Firstly, most companies offer too many products in pink. Also, many parents think their little daughter looks cute in pink. Sue Palmer says that girls at this age cannot make proper decisions by themselves, but the pink can affect （影响） the choices and the decisions they will make in the future.‎ Some parents are worried too —for example, Vanessa Holburn, thirty-two, who has two girls under the age of four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy. "Pink says that you are soft and gentle.Blue says that you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. I'm worried that pink will not help them with that." she says.‎ But not everyone thinks there's something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isn't worried at all. "People forget that things change all the time. He says "My girls used to love pink when they were little, but as they get older, they change."Turner explains that his twelve-year-old daughter never wears pink clothes anymore. "This love of pink is just a fashion and all fashions change."he adds."It's only since the 1940s that people have started dressing girls in pink—before that it was a color for boys"‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎3‎ ‎4‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎3‎ ‎4‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎3‎ ‎4‎ ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎4‎ ‎3‎ 16. Which of the following best shows the structure of all passage?‎ A B C D 17. The underlined word " that" in Paragraph 3 means .‎ A. being soft and gentle B. being strong and powerful C. being gentle but powerful D. being cute and beautiful 18. According to Grayson Turner .‎ A. parents needn't worry about pink toys B. all little kids love the color pink C. pink has always been a color for girls D. his girls now prefer the color blue 19. The purpose of this passage is to .‎ A. explain why girls are crazy about the color pink B. make parents less worried about the color pink.‎ C. encourage girls to give up playing with pink toys D. show people's different opinions about the color pink ‎【答案解析】27-30 BBAD 解析：D 篇为议论文。玩具商店里的女生的玩具总是粉色的。粉色对女生造成的影响，人们有不同的看法。‎ ‎27、B，文章结构题，文章第一段引出话题：玩具商店卖的玩具分为男孩的和女孩的，女孩们的玩具总是粉色的。第二段的主要内容为：有些人认为太多的粉色对女孩们来说是有坏处的。第三段主要内容为：有些家长也很担忧粉色对女孩子的成长不好。第四段主要内容为： 并不是每个人都认为粉色对女孩子是不好的。可知第一段为总起段，第二段和第三段都是举例说明了人们对粉色可能对女孩造成不好影响的担忧，第四段是举例说明了一个相反的想 法：并不需要担心粉色对女孩的影响，因为潮流总是在变化的。故答案选B。‎ ‎28、B，词义猜测题，根据第三段最后两句“I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. I’m worried that pink will not help them with that.”可知这位妈妈希望她的女儿们坚强有力量，她担心粉色并不能帮助她们成为那样坚强有力量的人，故答案选B。‎ ‎29、A，细节理解题，根据第四段第一句“ But not everyone thinks there’s something wrong with pink.”后面由Grayson Turner 表达了他对这个观点的支持，可知他认为并不需要太担心粉色的玩具，故答案选A。‎ ‎30、D，主旨大意题，根据各段内容可知，本文主要讨论了人们对于粉色玩具的不同观点， 有人很担忧，有人认为不需要担心，故答案选 D。‎ 第二节（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）‎ 下面文章中有五处（第 31-35 题）需要添加首句。请从以下选项（A,B,C,D,E,F）中选出符合各段意思的首句，选项中有一项是多余选项。‎ Where you sit and how you fit ‎ 31 For more than seventy years, researchers and teachers have studied the link between the place where students choose to sit in class and what they are like as people and learners. Where do you usually decide to sit? Have you ever really thought about the reasons for your decision?‎ ‎ 32 But is this really true? Well, some researchers say it is not. In fact, shy students often choose the back row because it is far away from the teacher and they don't want to answer questions. At the back, students probably won't speak much, but in big classrooms. it can be hard to see the board and hear what the teacher is saying. This could be the reason why students who sit here often get lower grades on tests and exams. For students with poor eyesight or hearing, a seat at the back of the classroom is not a good choice.‎ ‎ 33 However, they like watching and listening rather than joining in. These students are usually also very good at taking notes. Next time you miss a class, borrow notes from someone who sits here. On the sides of the classroom you will generally find modest and thoughtful people. These people usually get good grades in school and are interested in learning.‎ ‎ 34 Then the statistics (统计数据) say you probably like your teacher. You probably also have a good relationship with your classmates. Caring, outgoing, and cheerful people usually sit in the middle. They are normally serious about learning and feel disappointed with low grades on tests and exams.‎ ‎ 35 Students who sit here usually want to discuss things with the teacher and are often very interested in the subject. They want to be in the best place to see and hear everything the teacher does and says. The only problem with sitting here is that it can be difficult to see and hear what other students do and say in class.‎ ‎7 / 14‎ So, if you really want to hear what everyone says in class, choose a different place to sit.‎ A. You probably sit right at the front of the class if you’re longing for knowledge.‎ B. Research suggests that the seat you choose in the classroom says a lot about you and your personality.‎ C. Do you sit in the middle of the classroom?‎ D. This means it's a good idea to sit in a different place every day.‎ E. People often think that students who sit at the back are lazy.‎ F. Students who sit at the side of the classroom are normally interested in class.‎ ‎【答案解析】 BEFCA 解析：这篇文章讨论的是在教室里选择不同的座位能反映出你和你的个性差异。‎ 16. B，首句推理题。文章为总分的结构，本段中“researchers and teachers have studied the link between the place where students choose to sit in class and what they are like as people and learners.”与 B 选项“研究表明，你在教室里选择的座位能反映出你和你的个性”句意吻合，故选答案 B。‎ 17. E，首句推理题。根据本段第四句关键词“In fact, shy students often choose the back row”可知，本段是讨论座位在后排的情况。E 选项“人们经常认为坐在后面的学生很懒”，故选答案E。‎ 18. F，首句推理题。根据本段倒数第二句关键词“On the side of the classroom”可知，本段是讨论坐在教室旁边的情况。F 选项“坐在教室旁边的学生通常对上课很感兴趣”，故选答案 F。34.C，首句推理题。根据本段倒数第二句关键词“Caring, outgoing, and cheerful people usually sit in the middle.”可知，本段是讨论坐在教室中间的情况。C 选项“你坐在教室的中间吗?”， 故选答案C。‎ ‎35.A，首句推理题。根据本段第三句“They want to be in the best place to see and hear everything the teacher does and says.”可知，本段是讨论坐在教室前排的情况。A 选项“如果你渴望知识， 你可能就坐在教室的前排”，故选答案 A。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 25 分）‎ 第一节：完形填空（共 15 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）‎ 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中选出一个最佳选项。‎ Katy Sullivan is an actress, an athlete (运动员), and a person who also refuses to accept the words no or I can’t.‎ She was born without the lower half of her 36 and has worn prosthetic ( 假 体 ) ones all her life. She grew up in Alabama, US and had a(n) 37 childhood. She kept up with her sisters and brothers at the gym and the swimming pool. She feels lucky 38 her family treated her in just the same way as the other members.‎ When a person is born without legs, there are plenty of things that are 39 to do. But Katy believed she could 40 anything. So she chose two jobs that are difficult, 41 with both legs. As a teenager, she once saw a good movie. Before it was 42 , Katy had made her mind up to be a(n) 43 .‎ She did a degree in theater and then moved to Los Angeles, where she has ‎ played 44 in theater, television and movies. She has a positive ( 积 极 的 ) view of life. She thinks that if you believe 45 can do something, you should 46 it. So when Katy's friend asked her ‎ 47 she'd like to try running, she said "yes". She was given a pair of running legs and she 48 her new life.‎ Katy was the first person in the world with two prosthetic legs to 49 running as a competitive sport. She entered the final of the 100 meters in the 2012 London Paralympics.‎ Katy's family, friends and fans look up to her as an 50 of someone who has overcome her difficulty and achieved her dreams.‎ ‎36. A. arms B. legs C. feet D. hands ‎37. A. embarrassing B. lonely C. active D. strange ‎38. A. though B. unless C. before D. because ‎39. A. difficult B. important C. possible D. easy ‎40. A. achieve B. accept C. examine D. prevent ‎41. A. just B. also C. even D. ever ‎42. A. up B. over C. on D. out ‎43. A athlete B. writer C. actress D. coach ‎44. A. games B. music C. sports D. roles ‎45. А. You B. we C. she D. they ‎46. A. depend on B. go for C. get used to D. look after ‎47. A. whether B. how C. when D. why ‎48. A. shared B. started C. changed D. prepared ‎49. A. fix up B. show up C. take up D. set up ‎50. A. ancestor B. enemy C. influence D. example ‎【答案解析】‎ Keys: 36-40 BCDAA 41-45 CBCDA 46-50 BABCD 文章大意：本文主要讲述了 Katy 虽然身体残疾，但依然尝试做很多看起来不可能的事情， 最终成功的故事。‎ ‎36.B 考查名词。结合下文中 when a person is born without legs 可知，Katy 是没有腿的下半部分，故选择B 项。‎ ‎37.C 考查形容词。根据下文她和她兄弟姐妹的相处可知她有一个很积极的童年。‎ embarrassing 尴尬的；lonely 孤独的；active 积极的，活跃的；strange 奇怪的，陌生的。‎ ‎38.D 考查连词。她感到很幸运，因为他家人们用对待其他家人一样的方式对待她。前后两句为因果关系，前是结果，后是原因，故选择 D 项。though 虽然；unless 除非；before 在…… 之前；because 因为。‎ ‎39.A 考查形容词。当一个人出生时候就没有脚时，会有许多困难的事情。‎ ‎40.A 考查动词。但是 Katy 相信她能实现一些事情。Achieve 取得，实现；accept 接受；examine检查；prevent 预防，防止。‎ ‎41.C 考查副词。所以她选择了两份即使有两条腿也会觉得困难的工作。just 仅仅；also 也；‎ even 即使；甚至；ever 曾经。‎ ‎42.B 考查副词。在电影结束之前。up 向上的；over 结束的；on 开着的；out 外面的，出局的。‎ ‎43.C 考查名词。她就已经决定成为一个女演员。根据后文的 where she has played ‎ in theater 可知她在戏剧中扮演角色，所以此处应为C 项。‎ ‎44.D 考查名词。她在戏剧中扮演角色。role 角色；play roles in 扮演……角色，发挥……作用。‎ ‎45.A 考查代词。她认为如果你相信你能做一些事，那你应该能够努力完成它。本题所指代的是 thinks 后面宾语从句的 you 是同一个人，故选择A 项。‎ ‎46.B 考查动词短语。你应该能够努力完成它。depend on 依靠；go for 努力获取；get used to 习惯于；look after 照顾。‎ ‎47.A 考查连词。所以当 Katy 的朋友们问她是否愿意尝试跑步，她说好。whether 是否；how 如何；when 什么时候，当……的时候；why 为什么。‎ ‎48.B 考查动词。她开始了她新的生活。前文说到她答应了尝试跑步，下文说在跑步方面取得了一些成就，故本题是开始了新生活，选择 B 项。‎ ‎49.C 考查动词短语。她是世界上第一个有假肢且从事作为竞技体育跑步的人。fix up 修理；‎ show up 露面；take up 开始从事；set up 建立。‎ ‎50.D 考查名词。她的家人，朋友和粉丝都把她当作一个榜样来尊敬。look up to 尊敬。ancestor 始祖；enemy 敌人；influence 影响；example 例子，榜样。‎ 第二节：（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的相应位置。‎ The eco-house Simon Dale didn't want to live in a city's apartment building. So he made up his mind 51 (build) his own home in the countryside. He moved to Wales with his family and built a wooden eco-house. With the help of his father-in-law, a builder，he moved into a_ home after only four months. 53 only cost $4,700 to build the house.‎ ‎52 (comfort) new The eco-house is made of natural 54 ( material). Simon Dale and his father- in-law 55 (dig) into the side of a hill and then used the mud and stone to make the walls. The floors 56 ( make) from wood from the nearby area. The design is open-plan, There is no central heating, 5 7 there's a wood-burner and solar panels (太阳能电板) on the top 58 can provide power for lighting, music and computing. Drinking water is from a nearby spring. The fridge stays cool， thanks 59 air from under the ground. Simon Dale says, "We try to live in peace with the natural world, " He has 60 (certain) done his best to achieve that.‎ ‎【答案解析】‎ ‎51-60 to build, comfortable, It, materials, dug, are made, but, which/that, to, certainly 本文大意：Simon 不想住在城市的公寓里，所以他决定在乡下建自己的家。‎ ‎51.to build 考察非谓语动词/动词不定式。句子翻译为：他决定在乡下建造自己的家。本句的谓语是 make up，make up one's mind to do something 决定做某事，因此答案是 to build。52.comfortable 考察形容词。句子翻译为：他仅仅在四个月之后就搬进了舒服的新家。此处冠词 a 和名词home 之间的空，是应填一个形容词来修饰这个名词hone ‎ 的，因此答案是comfortable。‎ 53. It 考察 it 做形式主语。it costs/cost sb to do sth. 做某事花去某人... 钱。本篇文章时态是过去时，因此谓语是 cost 的过去式 cost，因此答案是 It。‎ 54. materials 考察名词。句子翻译是：生态住宅是用天然材料建造的。材料materials 是可数名词，而建造房子当然使用了不止一种材料，因此答案填 materials。‎ 53. dug 考察动词/时态。句子翻译是：Simon 和他的岳父在一座小山的边上挖洞，然后用泥和石头砌墙。这句话有两个并列谓语 dig 和 used，由 used 既可得到启示，前面的 dig 应使用过去式 dug，而且，本文的整体时间就是过去。因此答案是 dug。‎ 54. are made 考察动词/被动语态。句子翻译为：地板是用附近地区的木头做的。本句主语是 the floors，地板当然是被制成的，其次地板为复数形式，则 be 动词选用 are，地板的材质是一般事实，此处不用过去时态。因此答案是 are made。‎ 55. but 考察连词。句子翻译为：（顶部）没有中央供暖，但顶部有一个木材燃烧器和太阳能电池板。两个there be 句型一前一后一肯一否，是为明显的转折，因此答案是 but。58.which/that 考察连词/定语从句。句子翻译为：没有中央供暖，但顶部有一个木头燃烧器和太阳能电池板，可以为照明、音乐和计算机提供电力。名词后面挖一个空，后面句子又缺乏主语，这明显是一个定语从句，引导词做从句的主语，因此答案是代词 which/that。59.to 考察固定搭配。句子翻译是：多亏了地下的空气，冰箱才能保持凉爽。多亏了，幸亏thanks to，这是一个固定搭配，答案填 to。‎ 60. certainly 考察形容词/副词。句子翻译是：他必定已经尽了最大的努力来实现这一点。本句挖空在助动词has 和实义动词 done 之间，只能填副词，答案填 certainly。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 25 分）‎ 第一节：单词拼写（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）‎ 根据下列句子及所给的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的正确形式（每空仅限一词）。‎ 61. I'm very hungry. I haven't e anything since 7 : 00 this morning.‎ 62. His team had lost the game because of him. He felt like there was a heavy w on his shoulders as he walked home alone.‎ 63. A d is a conversation between two people in a book, film or play.‎ 64. Judy is good-looking, but I think she looks much p with long hair than with short hair.‎ 65. Growing vegetables looks easy, but a it takes a lot of learning.‎ 66. Hearing the funny story, all the students began to l loudly.‎ 67. The doctor told the patient to take the m three times a day.‎ 68. J 1st is Children's Day.‎ 69. She is nineteen, and next year she is going to celebrate her t birthday.‎ 70. It takes me 45 m to get to school by bike every morning.‎ ‎【答案解析】‎ ‎61-70：eaten, weight, dialogue/dialog, prettier, actually, laugh, medicine(s), June, twentieth, minutes 61. eaten。考查动词。根据句意：我很饿，自早上 7:00 起，我没吃过任何东西。所缺词义为“吃”。根据 since 和 haven't 可知为时态为现在完成时，结合首字母，即答案为 eaten。（八下过去分词）‎ 61. weight。考查名词。根据句意：因为他，他的队伍输了比赛。当他独自走路回家的时候， 他感觉到了肩膀上的重压。所缺词义为“重量”。根据 a 可知为名词，结合首字母，即答案为weight。（九年级课本U11 原句）‎ 61. dialogue/dialog。考查名词。根据句意：对话是两个人在书中、电影或戏剧中的对话。所缺词义为“对话”。根据首 a 可知为名词，结合首字母，即答案为 dialogue/dialog。（九年级U9）‎ 62. prettier。考查形容词比较级。根据句意：朱迪长得很好看，但我认为她长发比短发更好看。所缺词义为“更好看”。根据首 much 可知为形容词比较级，结合首字母，即答案为 prettier。‎ ‎（八上 U4）‎ 63. actually。考查副词。根据句意：种植蔬菜看起来简单，但实际上它需要很多学识。所缺词义为“实际上”。根据句子成分分析为副词，结合首字母，即答案为 actually。（八下 U8）‎ 64. laugh。考查动词。根据句意：听到这个有趣的故事，所有的学生开始大声的笑。所缺词义为“笑”。根据began to 可知后面为动词原形，结合首字母，即答案为 laugh。（八上 U3）‎ 65. medicine(s)。考查名词。根据句意：医生告诉病人每天吃 3 次药。所缺词义为“药”。根据 the 可知为名词，结合首字母，即答案为 medicine(s)。（八上 U6）‎ 66. June。考查月份名词。根据句意：6 月 1 日是儿童节。所缺词义为“六月”，即答案为 June。‎ ‎（七上 U8）‎ 67. twentieth。考查数词。根据句意：她现在 19 岁，明年她要庆祝她的第 20 个生日。所缺词义为“第二十”，即答案为 twentieth。（七上 U8）‎ 68. minutes。考查名词。根据句意：每天早上骑车上学花了我 45 分钟的时间。所缺词义为“分钟”，根据 45 可知后面为名词复数，即答案为 minutes。（七下U3）‎ 第二节：书面表达（共 1 题，满分 15 分）‎ 假定你是李平,最近收到意大利朋友 Linda 的电子邮件。以下是邮件的一部分,请你阅读后回复,词数 80 左右。‎ Subject:‎ From : Linda To : Li Ping ‎…‎ I'm really looking forward to meeting your brother when he comes to Rome in the summer. I can show him around the city! Please tell me something about him! How old is he? What does he look like? What kind of person is he and what's he interested in?‎ Hope to hear from you soon.‎ Love, Linda ‎【答案解析】‎ 中考书面表达评分标准 ‎(一) 评分原则：‎ 内容和语言共计 l5 分。在评分时要以作文的整体谋篇和语言水平(看其是否地道)来评判。先确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，微调得分。最后，看其词数和卷面整洁程度，词数太少(不到 40 个词) 或书写欠整洁的应酌情再扣 l～2 分，但不倒扣分。‎ ‎(二) 内容要点：‎ ‎1、文章应包括所提供的要点内容。‎ ‎2、个人提出的理由，表达要清楚。(三) 各档次的给分范围和要求：‎ 第六档：(13～l 5 分)包含内容要点；语言基本无误；行文连贯，表达清楚。‎ 第五档：(10～12 分)基本包含要点，遗漏少量次要点；语言有少量错误；行文基本连贯， 表达基本清楚。‎ 第四档：(7～9 分)包含部分要点；语言虽有较多错误，尚能达意。第三档：(4～6 分)要点不明确；语言错误多，影响意思表达。‎ 第二档：(1-3 分)只抄写了提示词；错误百出，不知所云。第一档：(0 分) 白卷或文不对题。‎ ‎(四) 第六档有 3 分的差距，旨在鼓励写出优秀的作文。请根据考生佳作把握分寸。‎ ‎2019 年杭州中考写作解析今年作文是关于我们七年级下第九单元的人物介绍的内容。‎ 1. 格式方面：文章为是书信类，根据已有的邮件进行回复，开头和结尾已经给出。‎ 2. 审题方面：根据题目的信息可以看到，作文的要求是要根据邮件进行回信，所以需要我们对来信内容有很好地审核，每个问题都需要回复。从考察的内容看，这次的作文还是比较贴近生活实际和课本，平时这类的作文也有练习过，所以平时每个单元的作文练习还是要引起重视。‎ 3. 结构方面： 作文一定要注意格式和层次。感谢回复-清晰回答相关问题-提出归还请求-再次感谢。‎ One possible version:‎ Dear Linda,‎ Thank you so much for agreeing to show my brother around Rome. Now let me tell you something about my brother. He is thirteen years old, easy-going and humorous -- we get along really well. He loves different cultures. He is interested in museums and likes trying local food.‎ My brother is also cute. He's of medium height with short straight black hair. He is good at Chinese kung fu, and usually wears T-shirts and jeans.‎ Thanks again for your help!‎ Yours,‎ Li Ping 思路点拨：‎ 1. 表明回信目的 Thank you so much for agreeing to show my brother around Rome. Now let me tell you something about my brother.‎ 2. 回答题目要求的四个问题 He is thirteen years old, easy-going and humorous -- we get along really well. He loves different cultures. He is interested in museums and likes trying local food.‎ My brother is also cute. He's of medium height with short straight black hair. He is good at Chinese kung fu, and usually wears T-shirts and jeans.‎ 1. 表示感谢 Thanks again for your help!‎