2018年中考英语总复习易错知识点专题八副词专项训练含解析

2018年中考英语总复习易错知识点专题八副词专项训练含解析

专题八 副词 易错清单 　　‎ ‎ 1. how often,how long,how far,how soon巧辨析 how often有“多久一次”的意思,是就做某事的频率提问。常用“Twice a year.”,“Three times a week.”等回答。如:‎ ‎—How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视?‎ ‎—Three times a week. 每周三次。‎ how long表示 “时间多久或物体多长”, 表示时间侧重指 “一段时间”。针对 “how long” 的回答一般是时间段,如 “for three days”, “three years”。如:‎ ‎—How long did he stay here?他在这儿待了多久?‎ ‎—About two weeks. 大约两个星期。‎ ‎—How long is the river?这条河有多长?‎ ‎—About 500 km. 大约500千米。‎ how soon表示 “多久之后”,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间提问。how soon的回答一般是: in+时间段。如: ‎ ‎—How soon will he be back?他要多久才回来?‎ ‎—In an hour. 一小时以后。‎ ‎(4)how far 是提问“路程有多远”,询问距离。如:‎ How far is it from his house?‎ 距离他家有多远? ‎ ‎2. too,enough,so同作副词,差别大 too作副词,用在“too... to”结构, too... to结构中的动词不定式部分为否定意义,意为“太……而不能……”。如:‎ He is too young to go to school.‎ 他年龄太小了不能上学。‎ enough用作副词时,意为“足够”,“形容词或副词原级+enough to”结构意为“足以能够”,是肯定意义。如:‎ He is old enough to go to school.‎ 他到了上学的年龄了。‎ 9‎ so意为“如此”,用于“so... that... (如此……以至于……)”,so后接形容词或副词,that后面加从句。如:‎ He is so old that he can't go on working.‎ 他年龄太大,不能继续工作了。‎ ‎　　3. already,still,yet用法巧辨析 already通常用于肯定句中,表示“已经”。如: ‎ I have already seen the film.‎ 我已经看过这部电影了。 ‎ yet用来谈论某事是否已经发生,多用于疑问句和否定句中。在疑问句中,意为“已经”,在否定句中意为“还,尚”,通常放在句末;not yet可用于简略回答,意为“还没有”。如: ‎ He hasn't finished reading the book yet.‎ 他还没有读完这本书。 ‎ ‎—Have you finished your homework?你完成家庭作业了吗? ‎ ‎—No,not yet. 不,还没有。 ‎ still意为“仍然,还”,强调过去发生的事情及存在的状况目前还在延续。在现在进行时中,still只表示动作正在持续。如: ‎ He's still living with his mother.‎ 他仍与母亲住在一起。‎ ‎　　4. either,also,too用法“也”不同 also用于肯定句,常用在实义动词前be动词后。如:‎ He also attended the meeting yesterday.‎ 昨天他也参加了会议。‎ He is also a scientist. 他也是科学家。‎ too用于肯定句,在句末,too前须有逗号。如:‎ He can swim,too. 他也会游泳。‎ either用于否定句,通常放在句末,之前需加逗号。如:‎ He didn't attend the meeting,either.‎ 他也没去参加会议。‎ ‎　　5. ago,before“以前”差别大 9‎ ago表示“从现在起若干时间以前”,常与动词一般过去式连用,而且ago只能作副词。如:‎ He left Shanghai three days ago.‎ 他三天前离开了上海。‎ before表示“从过去某时起若干时间以前”,常与过去完成式连用。before既可作副词又可作介词和连词。如:‎ I had finished the work two days before.‎ 两天前我已完成了工作。(副词)‎ I visited him two days ago,but he had gone to Paris five days before.‎ 我于两天前去访问他,可是他已于那日5天前赴巴黎去了。(副词)‎ ‎6. much too,too much词序颠倒,意不同 too much可以用作副词,也可以形容词,意为“太多、过于”。用作副词时,在句中作状语。如:‎ Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.‎ 看电视太久,对你的眼睛不好。‎ His father was too much surprised to see him here.‎ 他的爸爸看到他在这儿非常吃惊。‎ too much用作形容词时,常用来修饰不可数名词。如:‎ He drank too much beer last night.‎ 他昨晚酒喝得太多。‎ Please don't waste too much money.‎ 请不要浪费太多的钱。‎ too much 用作名词时,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。如:‎ Too much was happening all at once.‎ 同时发生的事太多了。‎ Mike,you have eaten too much. You can't eat any more.‎ 迈克,你吃得太多了,你不能再吃了。‎ It's too much for me. 这个我干不了。‎ much too用作副词时,通常用来修饰形容词或副词,意为“极其、非常、实在太”。如:‎ Do you enjoy traveling by plane much too?‎ 9‎ 你特别喜爱乘飞机旅游吗?‎ This problem is much too difficult for me to work out.‎ 这个问题非常难,我算不出来。‎ This shirt is much too expensive for him.‎ 这件衬衫对他来说,实在太贵了。‎ ‎　　7. hard与hardly没有共同语言 当hard用作副词时,意为“努力地、困难地、猛烈地”等。如:‎ Does Tom work hard at his lessons?‎ 汤姆学习努力吗?‎ It`s raining hard outside now. Don't go out.‎ 现在外面正下着大雨,不要出去。‎ hardly并不是hard加上后缀所构成的副词,hardly只能用作副词,意为“几乎没有、几乎不”。如:‎ I can hardly see anything on the blackboard.‎ 我几乎看不见黑板上的任何东西。‎ My father hardly ever watches TV.‎ 我爸爸几乎不看电视。‎ 提分策略 在近几年中考英语试题中,对副词的考查主要集中在副词的辨析用法、副词比较等级、副词与形容词的选择等,同时也涉及到含有副词的习惯用法和固定短语。题目设计更加注重语境创设,考查学生在特定语境中运用副词的能力。复习过程中需要重点掌握以下内容:‎ ‎1. 副词词意辨析 副词词意辨析是中考副词考查的主要内容,要求考生熟记常用易混副词的辨析,能结合具体语境准确使用副词。‎ ‎【例】(2013·江苏无锡·2)—Look at the bird over there! It's so beautiful!‎ ‎—Wow! It's a rare crane. It　　　　appears in this area. ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎ A. always B. usually C. seldom D. often ‎　　【解析】考查副词词义辨析。always总是;usually通常;seldom很少;often经常。由前半句“哇,是丹顶鹤”可知在这儿是很少出现这种鸟。故选C。‎ 9‎ ‎【答案】C ‎2. 副词比较等级 ‎ 中考对于副词的考查集中在原级、比较级和最高级的基本句型上,这是中考重点考查的知识点。具体来讲,特别要注意下面几点:(1)判断句子是原级、比较级还是最高级;(2)根据句子的意思来判断考查的副词是哪种比较等级;(3)能够根据句子中的一些修饰语做出正确判断。‎ ‎【例】(2013·广东茂名·30)　　　　 you hit the horse,　　　　it will go. ‎ A. Hard;fast B. The hard;the fast C. The harder;the faster ‎【解析】考查副词的比较级。句意:你越使劲拍马,它跑得越快。“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……就越……”。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】C ‎3. 动词+副词 ‎【例1】(2014·广东广州·22)—Do you want to eat here?‎ ‎—No. Just fish and chips to 　　　　,please. ‎ A. get away B. take away C. send away D. throw away ‎【解析】考查动词+副词away的辨析。get away;离开,逃跑;take away;带走,外带; send away;解雇;throw away;扔掉。根据题目,选择take away,表示食物需要外带。‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【例2】(2014·浙江温州·7)——Don`t 　　　　late,Mary. You have a singing competition tomorrow morning. ‎ ‎——Ok,dad.I`ll go to bed right now.‎ A. dress up B. grow up C. stay up D. mix up ‎【解析】考查动词+副词up的辨析。dress up打扮;grow up 长大;stay up 熬夜;mix up混合。由应答句判断,爸爸叫不要熬夜,不是不要打扮、长大或混合,因为明天上午参加歌咏比赛。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】C ‎4. 连接副词/词组的辨析用法 9‎ 连接副词/词组通常用来连接宾语从句。常见的有:when;where;how;why等。与不定式构成不定式短语时,该连词就转换成疑问副词,在句中作主语、宾语、状语或宾语补足语。不定式短语结构可以与宾语从句互换使用。‎ ‎【例】(2014·浙江湖州·19)—Excuse me,Sir. 　　　　is it from here to the nearest shopping mall? ‎ ‎—Well,only about five minutes walk.‎ A. How often B. How long C. How far D. How soon ‎【解析】考查疑问短语用法。句意:——劳驾先生,这里离最近的购物中心有　　　　? ——哦,大约步行5分钟的路程。How often 多久一次,常对频度提问;how long多长时间,常对一段时间提问;how far 多远,常对距离、路程提问;how soon多久,多对一般将来时间提问。分析句意可知:是对路程提问,故选C。 ‎ ‎【答案】C 专项训练 ‎1. (2014·天津塘沽区·37)—There has never been such a beautiful village 　　　　in the world. ‎ A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere ‎2. (2014·江苏盐城·4)Computers of this kind 　　　　. They are out of stock (脱销)now. ‎ A. sell good B. sell well C. are sold good D. are sold well ‎3. (2014·湖北枣阳·32)—You must drive 　　　　next time,or there may be another accident. ‎ ‎ —Thanks. I will be much 　　　　from now on. ‎ A. carefully;more carefully B. more careful;more careful C. more carefully;more careful D. more careful;carefully ‎4. (2014·江苏江阴·3) —Lily dances so well. Where was she trained?‎ 9‎ ‎ —She learns all by herself. She 　　　　goes to any training class. ‎ A. usually B. often ‎ C. even D. never ‎5. (2013·天津)—I think winter is a beautiful season,　　　　when it snows. ‎ ‎—Me,too.‎ A. specially B. especially C. probably D. properly ‎6. (2013·浙江义乌)Li Hua studies math very　　　　 and her math is　　　　 in her class. ‎ A. careful;good B. carefully;well C. careful;best D. carefully;the best ‎7. (2013·江苏南京)We've got no tea. Let's have juice　　　　. ‎ A. either B. however C. yet D. instead ‎8. (2013·四川绵阳)—Do you often go fishing with your father?‎ ‎—No,　　　　. I Don`t like fishing at all. ‎ A. never　　　B. always　　　　C. usually ‎9. (2013·山西)Lucy does homework　　　　than Tim. ‎ A. carefully B. more careful C. more carefully ‎10. (2013·四川凉山)Mike always does his homework as　　　　 as the exams. ‎ A. good　　　B. well　　　C. better ‎11. (2013·河北)I　　　　 go to the theatre,because I Don`t like operas at all. ‎ A. always B. often C. sometimes D. never ‎12. (2013·广东湛江)His grandparents live　　　　in a small house,but they Don`t feel　　　　. ‎ A. lonely;alone B. alone;lonely C. lonely;lonely D. alone;alone ‎13. (2013·江西)—Emily,here