全国版2020中考英语复习方案第三篇中考题型集训阅读理解07科技说明试题人教新目标版

全国版2020中考英语复习方案第三篇中考题型集训阅读理解07科技说明试题人教新目标版

阅读理解(七)　科技说明 A　[2019·泰安]‎ ‎　　Earlier this year, China achieved a new milestone(里程碑) in space research. On January 3, 2019, Chang’e-4 became the first lunar probe(月球探测器) in history to successfully land on the far side of the moon. ‎ The Earth’s gravity(重力) slows the moon’s rotation(自转), matching it to the speed of its orbit(公转). Therefore, the far side of the moon is almost “dark” and has never been seen. It’s this sense of the unknown that makes the far side of the moon such an interesting place for scientific and space research. Being blown by solar(太阳的) winds, the far side may have the special minerals(矿物质). For this reason, Chang’e-4 will study the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface and any mineral found by the spacecraft. Chang’e-4 is also carrying flower seeds, potatoes and silkworm eggs to see whether life is possible on the moon. ‎ If it is, then the moon will become a possible choice for space travel in the future. ‎ However, research of the “dark” side isn’t easy. As the side is blocked(阻断) off from us, radio noise coming off Earth is also blocked. This is why China’s relay satellite(中继卫星) Queqiao was sent up in May, 2018. Thanks to Queqiao, the communication problem between Earth and Chang’e-4 has been well solved. ‎ Power supply(电源供应) is also a challenge to the task. Chang’e-4 gets energy from the sun through its solar panels. As we know, a lunar day has the length of 28 Earth days. After Chang’e-4 was sent up on December 8, 2018, it took the probe over 20 days to orbit the moon to be in a position to be able to land in moon daylight and use its solar panels. ‎ Luckily, everything goes well. Chang’e-4 has worked on the “dark” side for over 5 months. It has sent back many photos of the far side of the moon and has been used to carry out some scientific experiments. ‎ The New York Times used the word “groundbreaking” to praise the task and wrote that “it will offer help to the history and development of the moon.”‎ ‎1.When was Chang’e-4 sent up?(　　)‎ A.In May, 2018.‎ B.On December 8, 2018.‎ 7‎ C.On January 3, 2018.‎ D.The passage doesn’t tell us. ‎ ‎2.The main tasks of Chang’e-4 don’t include 　　　　.(　　) ‎ A.studying if life is possible on the moon B.studying the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface C.studying the communication problem between Earth and other probes D.researching any mineral found by the spacecraft ‎3.The meaning of the underlined word “groundbreaking” in the last paragraph is the closest to “　　　　”.(　　) ‎ A.harmful B.unpredictable C.risky D.pioneering ‎4.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?(　　)‎ A.Chang’e-4 has sent back many photos of the far side of the moon.‎ B.A lunar day has the length of 28 Earth days.‎ C.China’s relay satellite Queqiao was sent up in order to offer power to probes.‎ D.Chang’e-4 is the first lunar probe in history that has successfully landed on the “dark” side of the moon. ‎ B　[2019·绵阳]‎ ‎　　Chinese companies lead in global 5G patent applications(专利应用) with Huawei taking the crown,according to a report by IPlytics, an authorized patent data company. Three companies from China were included in the top 10 list of 5G Standards-Essential Patents (SEPs) family owners. Huawei ranked first. ZET Corp. and China Academy of Telecommunications Technology(CATT) grabbed fifth and ninth places, respectively.  ‎ Chinese companies topped the list for most 5G SEPs applications in communication systems by the end of April 2019, accounting for 34 percent of the world’s total. Chinese tech giant Huawei has taken a leading role by owning 15 percent of SEPs, according to the report Who Is Leading the 5G Patent Race?‎ ‎5G SEPs are patents that any company will have to use when carrying out 5G technology and no one can avoid them.‎ Different from 3G and 4G technologies,5G technology will influence various industries and encourage the appearance of many new products, services and industries.‎ 7‎ The automotive sector will most likely be one of the first industries to depend on 5G, which will connect vehicles to other vehicles, roadsides, traffic lights, buildings and the Internet, according to the report.‎ ‎“It is 5G that is going to be a huge jump forward for communication systems because only with 5G’s higher bandwidth can a number of applications be more advanced(尖端的) and used by most consumers,”said Nicole Peng, senior director of the market research company Canalys.‎ As 5G technology has combined various industries and technologies, the number of 5G SEPs rose to more than 60,000 globally by the end of April 2019, the report said.‎ ‎1.What does“taking the crown”probably mean in Paragraph 1?(　　)‎ A.becoming the next king B.finishing the task better C.being in the first place D.wearing the hat of the king ‎2.Which one was NOT on the top 10 list of 5G SEPs?(　　)‎ A.Canalys. B.Huawei.‎ C.ZET Corp. D.CATT.‎ ‎3.What is the main idea of the first two paragraphs?(　　)‎ A.No companies can avoid 5G SEPs.‎ B.IPlytics is an important data company.‎ C.Chinese companies lead the 5G patent race.‎ D.China owned 34% of the world’s 5G SEPs applications.‎ ‎4.What does Nicole Peng think of 5G?(　　)‎ A.Various industries will be helpful for 5G a lot.‎ B.Many applications will make 5G more advanced.‎ C.5G will be used by many most advanced consumers.‎ D.5G will make great progress in communication systems.‎ ‎5.What can you get out of the passage?(　　)‎ A.5G will be first used by the industry of the automotive sector.‎ B.Various industries and farming will be mostly influenced by 5G.‎ C.5G will motivate many new products,services, and industries to appear.‎ D.More than 6 thousand 5G SEPs had been used by the end of April 2019.‎ 7‎ C　[2020·原创]‎ In order to make drivers keep their hands on the wheel and their eyes on the road, a new Japanese smartphone app offers free coffee to drivers who don’t check their phones for at least 100 kilometers.‎ In the last 3 years, there have been 443,691 traffic accidents in a town of Japan, and 50,101 deaths happened because of using smartphones while driving. So a Japanese company invented a new app which could give drivers some rewards if they didn’t check their phones while driving. By doing this, it can greatly reduce the number of traffic accidents.‎ Toyota(丰田) Motor Corporation, Komeda Co. Ltd and KDDI Corporation have worked together to create this driving app. It uses the phone’s gyro(陀螺仪) sensor to sense the tilt(倾斜) of the cars. And it can use GPS to figure out the number of kilometers a driver has traveled with the smartphone facing down. ‎ When the app finds that the smartphone has not been used for at least 100 kilometers, it will reward the driver with a cup of iced coffee. The reward can be earned for every 100 kilometers without checking the phone.‎ Toyota says that this is the first smartphone app that can help solve the problems of driving safety. This app has been used since September 20th, 2016, and it is available for both iOS and Android systems. Up to now, it has only worked in Japan.‎ ‎1.Lots of traffic accidents have happened in Japan because the drivers 　　　　while driving.(　　) ‎ A.drink coffee ‎ B.talk with others C.listen to music ‎ D.use their smartphones ‎2.The smartphone app is made to 　　　　.(　　) ‎ A.reward the drivers ‎ B.make sure traffic safety C.check the driving speed ‎ D.improve air pollution ‎3.“　　　　” has the same meaning as the underlined words “figure out”.(　　) ‎ A.Find out B.Work out 7‎ C.Try out D.Give out ‎ ‎4.The driver can get 　　　　as a reward if he drives without using his smartphone for at least 100 kilometers.(　　) ‎ A.a box of beer B.a glass of milk C.a bottle of water D.a cup of iced coffee ‎5.Which is WRONG about the new app according to the passage?(　　)‎ A.The smartphone app can be used only in Japan forever.‎ B.The smartphone app can sense the tilt of the cars.‎ C.Three companies worked together to create this driving app.‎ D.iOS and Android systems can use the smartphone app.‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ 7‎ A　[主旨大意]本文是一篇新闻报道,讲述为了探索月球,中国发射了嫦娥四号月球探测器以及该探测器的相关信息。‎ ‎1.B　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中的“After Chang’e-4 was sent up on December 8, 2018…”可知,嫦娥四号是在2018年12月8日发射的。故选B。‎ ‎2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“For this reason, Chang’e-4 will study the effect of solar winds on the lunar surface and any mineral found by the spacecraft. Chang’e-4 is also carrying flower seeds, potatoes and silkworm eggs to see whether life is possible on the moon.”可知,嫦娥四号的任务包括选项A、B、D中的内容,不包括选项C中的内容。故选C。‎ ‎3.D　词义猜测题。最后一段讲的是《纽约时报》高度评价了本次发射行动,它给月球的历史和发展提供了帮助,故画线单词的意思应是“开创性的”,故选D。‎ ‎4.C　推理判断题。根据第六段的内容可知,嫦娥四号已经发回了很多月球背面的照片,选项A正确;根据第五段第三句“As we know, a lunar day has the length of 28 Earth days.”可知,选项B正确;根据第四段最后两句“This is why China’s relay satellite Queqiao was sent up in May, 2018. Thanks to Queqiao, the communication problem between Earth and Chang’e-4 has been well solved.”可知,发射鹊桥中继卫星是为了解决地球与探测器之间的通讯问题而不是能源问题,选项C说法错误;根据第一段第二句“On January 3, 2019, Chang’e-4 became the first lunar probe in history to successfully land on the far side of the moon.”可知选项D正确。故选C。‎ B　[主旨大意]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了5G技术的现状以及未来应用的前景。‎ ‎1.C　词义猜测题。根据第一段,尤其是倒数第二句“Huawei ranked first.”可知,此处是“处在第一位”之意。故选C。‎ ‎2.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Three companies from China were included in the top 10 list of 5G Standards-Essential Patents (SEPs) family owners. Huawei ranked first. ZET Corp. and China Academy of Telecommunications Technology(CATT) grabbed fifth and ninth places, respectively.”可知,B、C、D三项均在列,由此可排除A项。故选A。‎ ‎3.C　段落大意题。根据第一段中的“Three companies from China were included in the top 10 list of 5G Standards-Essential Patents (SEPs) family owners. Huawei ranked first…”和第二段中的“Chinese companies topped the list for most 5G SEPs applications in communication systems by the end of April 2019, accounting for 34 percent of the world’s total. Chinese tech giant Huawei has taken a leading role by owning 15 percent of SEPs…”可知,中国公司在5G专利技术方面处于领导地位。故选C。‎ ‎4.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“It is 5G that is going to be a huge jump forward for ‎ 7‎ communication systems…”可知,5G技术将会在信息交流方面取得很大进步。故选D。‎ ‎5.C　主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“…5G technology will influence various industries and encourage the appearance of many new products, services and industries.”可知,5G技术将会激发更多新产品、新服务、新产业的出现。故选C。‎ C　[主旨大意]本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在日本某城镇,因司机在开车途中使用手机已经多次引发严重的交通事故。为了解决这一问题,一家日本公司联合其他几家公司开发了一款软件。该软件会在司机开车途中检测司机是否总是看手机,然后决定是否为该司机提供免费的咖啡作为奖励。‎ ‎1.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In the last 3 years, there have been 443,691 traffic accidents in a town of Japan, and 50,101 deaths happened because of using smartphones while driving.”可知,日本某城镇多次发生车祸是因为司机开车时使用智能手机。故选D。‎ ‎2.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Toyota says that this is the first smartphone app that can help solve the problems of driving safety.” 可知,丰田等公司开发这款软件是为了帮助解决驾驶安全问题。故选B。‎ ‎3.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的宾语“the number of kilometers a driver has traveled with the smartphone facing down”可推知,figure out 的意思是“计算”。故选B。‎ ‎4.D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“When the app finds that the smartphone has not been used for at least 100 kilometers, it will reward the driver with a cup of iced coffee.”可知,当应用程序发现智能手机至少有100公里没有被使用时,它将奖励司机一杯冰咖啡。故选D。‎ ‎5.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Up to now, it has only worked in Japan.”可知,到目前为止,它只在日本被使用,而不是永远只在日本使用。A项叙述错误。故选A。‎ 7‎