初二上册英语知识点归纳

初二上册英语知识点归纳

初二上册英语第一单元知识点讲解 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?‎ 重点句子 ‎1. Where did you go on vacation? 你去哪儿度假的？ ‎ ‎1）这是一个由疑问副词where引导的特殊疑问句。Where用来询问地点或场所，用于句首，其后跟一般疑问句。 如：Where are you from？     Where does he live？ 2）go on vacation“去度假 ”‎ He will go on vacation with his family. 他要和家人一起度假。 【解析】 vacation [və'keɪʃn] n 假期 = holiday ‎ on vacation 在度假 take a vacation 去度假 ‎ ‎ winter vacation 寒假 summer vacation 暑假 ①I have a lot of _______________every year . (vacation)‎ ‎( ) ② — Where did Sarah go on vacation? — She went to America.‎ ‎ A. on vacation B. take a vacation ‎ ‎ C. is on vacation D. is for vacation ‎2、Did you go with anyone?你和别人一起去的吗？‎ 这是一个一般过去时的一般疑问句。当含有实义动词的一般过去时的陈述句变为一般疑问句时，需借助助动词did，此时后面的实义动词应用原形。其句型结构为“did+主语+动词原形+其它？”，肯定回答为“Yes,主语+did”，否定回答为“No,主语+didn′t”‎ ‎· 基本用法 ‎ pron. anyone 任何人，相当于anybody，通常用在否定句、疑问句或条件从句中。如：‎ ‎ I won’t tell anyone I saw you here. ‎ ‎ 我不会告诉任何人我在这儿见过你。‎ ‎ Why would anyone want that job? ‎ ‎ 为什么会有人想要那份工作呢？‎ ‎· 知识拓展---同类词 ‎ ‎ some-‎ any-‎ no-‎ every-‎ ‎ 指人 someone 有人 somebody anyone 任何人 anybody no one 没有人 nobody everyone 人人 everybody ‎ 指物 something 某物 anything 任何事 nothing 没有事 everything 一切事 ‎ 指地点 somewhere 某地 anywhere 任何地方 nowhere 无处，没有地方 everywhere 到处 ‎ 注意：‎ ‎ (1)由some-, any-, no-, every-构成的符合不定代词作主语时，都作单数看待，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎ (2)不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后，作后置定语。如：‎ ‎ I’d like something to drink. ‎ ‎ 我想要些喝的。‎ ‎ Is there anything interesting in the book?‎ ‎ 这本书中有有趣的东西吗？‎ 小结：【解析1】someone [sʌmwʌn] pron 某人 ‎ ‎ anyone [eniwʌn] pron 任何人 ‎ everyone [evriwʌn] pron 每人，人人 ‎3.visited my uncle 看望了我的叔叔 visit是及物动词，意为“拜访；探望”,后接表示人的名词或代词。‎ visit还可以意为“参观；游览”，后接表示地点的名词。‎ a.I visited my grandmother last week. 上周我去______了我的外婆。‎ b.Do you want to visit Shanghai? 你想______上海吗？ ‎ 拓展：visitor意为“参观者；游客”。 ‎ ‎ These visitors come from America.____________________‎ ‎4. How did you like it？ 你觉得它怎么样？‎ ‎【解析】 How do you like sth?= What do you think of sth? 或者“How do you feel about…..？”，你认为......怎么样？‎ ‎ — It’s/ they’re ... — I love/ like...‎ ‎ — I don’t mind... — I can’t stand ... ‎ ‎5.Did you buy anything special？你买特别的东西了吗？‎ ‎【解析】 buy 及物动词，以为“买；购买”，过去式为bought buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 ‎ My father bought me a bike.= My father bought a bike for me. 我爸爸给我买了辆自行车。‎ anything 不定代词，意为“某事；某件东西”，主要用于疑问句或否定句中。‎ ‎ Do you want anything about it. 你想从我这里要些什么吗？‎ anything special 意为“特别的东西”，形容词修饰不定代词时应该后置。‎ ‎ Is there anything new in this book? 这本书里有新的内容吗?‎ ‎ Do you want anything else? 你还想要其他什么吗？‎ ‎5、I didn′t really see anything I liked. 我实在没有看到我喜欢的任何东西。‎ 这是一个省略了关系代词that定语从句。主句为I didn′t really see anything，从句I liked，修饰先行词anything。因anything是不定代词，故关系代词只能用that,且that在从句中作宾语，因此可以省略。‎ ‎2.Oh, did you do anywhere interesting? 哦，你去有趣的地方了吗？ (P2.2d)‎ ‎【解析】本句是did 开头的一般疑问句；一般过去时中不含was/were 的句子在变一般疑问句时，需用助动词did，原句中的动词过去式需变成原形。‎ ‎ Did you have a party last night? 你昨晚上举行聚会了吗？‎ anywhere 用作副词，意为“在任何地方”‎ ‎ Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation? 你暑假期间去过什么地方吗？‎ 注意：anywhere 与 somewhere 的区别 anywhere 意为“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。‎ ‎ I can’t find it anywhere. 我到处都找不到它。‎ Somewhere 意为“在某处；到某处”，常用于肯定句中。‎ ‎ I lost my key somewhere near here. 我把钥匙丢在这附近的某个地方了。‎ ‎6.Oh, did you do anywhere interesting? 哦，你去有趣的地方了吗？ ‎ ‎【解析】本句是did 开头的一般疑问句；一般过去时中不含was/were 的句子在变一般疑问句时，需用助动词did，原句中的动词过去式需变成原形。‎ ‎ Did you have a party last night? 你昨晚上举行聚会了吗？‎ anywhere 用作副词，意为“在任何地方”‎ ‎ Did you go anywhere during the summer vacation? 你暑假期间去过什么地方吗？‎ 注意：anywhere 与 somewhere 的区别 anywhere 意为“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。‎ ‎ I can’t find it anywhere. 我到处都找不到它。‎ Somewhere 意为“在某处；到某处”，常用于肯定句中。‎ ‎ I lost my key somewhere near here. 我把钥匙丢在这附近的某个地方了。‎ ‎7. Kevin meet anyone interesting? 凯文遇到有趣的人了吗？‎ ‎【注】不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数 Is everyone here ?‎ Did she go to the park with __________last year? ( someone)‎ ‎【解析2】interest v 使感兴趣 → interesting adj. 有兴趣的 ‎ → interested adj. 感兴趣的 ‎ be interested in=take interest in 对……感兴趣 The students are __________in these ______books.( interest)‎ ‎【注】 以—ing结尾的adj. 常用来作定语或表语，修饰物。‎ ‎ 以—ed结尾的adj.用来表示情绪，常做表语，修饰人 Excited/exciting bored/boring relaxed/relaxing ‎ This movie wasn’t ______. He fell asleep half way through it.‎ ‎　A. interesting enough B. enough interesting ‎ ‎　C. interested enough D. enough interested ‎8.Grace buy anything special?格蕾丝买特别的东西了吗？‎ ‎【注】形容词修饰不定代词，放在不定代词之后 ‎9. I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事告诉你。‎ ‎【解析】 something pron. 某事，某物 anything pron. 任何事物 nothing pron. 没有什么；没有一件东西 ‎【注】形容词修饰不定代词，放在不定代词之后 ‎ ( )① Everything there ____ interesting yesterday evening?‎ ‎ A. was B. is C. were D. are ‎( )② Did he do _____ before?‎ A. anything interesting B. interesting anything ‎ C. anywhere interesting D. interesting anywhere ‎“Have you read today's newspaper" “Yes It's really boring.‎ ‎ There ‘is ______in it.”‎ A. something new B. nothing new C. anything new ‎ ‎10、We took quite a few photos there.我们在那里拍了不少照片。‎ ‎ take photos 意为“照相；拍照”。 ‎ ‎ Could you help me take some photos? 你能帮我拍几张照片吗？‎ ‎【辨析】：quite a few与quite a little ‎ quite a few意为“相当的;不少”，修饰可数名词复数；‎ ‎ quite a little意为“相当的;不少”，修饰不可数名词。‎ ①He will stay here for _____ _____ _____days. ‎ ②There is _____ _____ _____water in the bottle(瓶子).‎ ‎【解析1】 few / a few little / a little辨析 否定 肯定 所修饰的名词 few没有，几乎没有 ‎ a few有几个 可数名词复数 little几乎没有。 ‎ a little有一点儿 不可数名词 ‎【拓展】few / a few用来修饰可数名词，‎ ‎①few表示否定，“没有，几乎没有”；‎ He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞 ‎②a few表示有肯定， “有几个”‎ There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。 ‎ little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，‎ ‎①little表示否定，“没有，几乎没有”。‎ ‎ There is little time left. Hurry up! 没多少时间了，快点儿！‎ ‎②a little 表示肯定，“有一点儿”‎ ‎—Can you speak English? ‎ ‎—Yes, but only a little. ‎ ‎ In our school, ____ students like English, but _____ of them can speak English smoothly.‎ A. a little, a few B. a few, few ‎ C. a few, little D. a little, few ‎ John is getting very thin. He doesn't eat _____ food.  ‎ ‎ A. many  B. enough  C. few  D. little ‎ Now teenagers are very busy with their schoolwork and they have _____ time to do exercise.‎ ‎ A. few B. little C. a few D. a little ‎11 I bought something for my parents , but nothing for myself. ‎ 我为我父母买了一些东西，但是没有给我自己买什么东西。‎ ‎【解析】myself 我自己 ‎【拓展】反身代词 ‎(1)反身代词的构成 ‎◆一、二人称的反身代词 构成:形容词性物主代词+self/selves构成 单数 myself yourself 复数 ourselves yourselves ‎◆ 第三人称的反身代词 构成:第三人称宾格+self/selves 单数：‎ himself herself itself 复数： ‎ themselves ‎(2)反身代词的常见搭配：‎ enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time玩得高兴 teach oneself=learn …by oneself 自学 ‎ by oneself =alone 独自 ‎ help oneself to 随便吃 ‎ introduce oneself to 自我介绍 ‎(3)反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。‎ You have to believe in ______________.That’s the secret of success.(we)‎ ‎ I’m old enough to look after __________ (我自己).‎ Deng Ziqi won lots of fans for through the TV program I Am a Singer.‎ ‎ A. she B. her C. herself ‎ The book is mine.I wrote my name on its cover________.‎ ‎ A.myself B.yourself C.himself ‎12. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. ‎ 我的大部分时间都待在家里读书和休息。‎ ‎· 基本用法 ‎ adj. most 多数的；大部分的；作代词，表示“大多数，大部分”。如：‎ ‎ Most people think so. ‎ ‎ 大多数人都这样想。‎ ‎· 知识拓展---相关短语 ‎ most of 表示“绝大多数”，可用于如下结构中：‎ ‎ most of the time“大部分时间”，其中most为代词，意为“大部分；大多数；大体上”。‎ Most of the time Alan studies hard.艾伦大部分时间学习都很刻苦。‎ ‎ most of +物主代词 +名词复数/不可数名词 ‎ most of + 宾格代词 ‎ 注：most of 结构做主语，谓语动词的数取决于of后的名词或代词。如：‎ ‎ Most of the students like reading the story. ‎ ‎ 大部分学生喜欢读这个故事。‎ ‎【解析2】relax →relaxed adj 感到轻松的，自在的 ‎ → relaxing adj. 令人放松的 ‎ ‎ be relaxed about 对……感到放松 ‎13. Everything tasted really good!所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃！‎ ‎【解析】 taste good尝起来很好吃 ‎ ‎ taste 在此为连系动词，意为“尝起来”，其后接形容词构成系表结构。‎ ‎ The food tastes really great. 食物尝起来棒极了。‎ ‎ The milk tasted terrible. 牛奶尝起来很糟糕。‎ 同类型的词还有：与感官有关的look(看起来),feel(摸上去), ,smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来)等；表示变化的become(变成), get(变得) ，turn(变成)等；表示某种情况或状态持续的连系动词keep(保持),stay(保持)等。(划线部分均作表语)‎ ‎ He looks very young.他看起来很年轻。‎ ‎ The cake smells delicious.这蛋糕闻起来挺好。‎ ‎ The story sounds true.这故事听起来真实。‎ ‎ When spring comes, the days get longer and the weather gets warmer.‎ 春天来时，白天变长，天气变暖。‎ Florence Nightingale became a famous nurse.弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔成了一个著名的护士。‎ Dr Bethune became very popular then.那时白求恩大夫变得很受欢迎了。‎ His face turned redder and redder.他的脸变得越来越红了。‎ Please stay happy.请保持高兴。‎ They keep busy.他们保持忙碌。‎ ‎14. It was wonderful! 它非常壮观！‎ ‎【解析】 wonder [wʌndə] v 想知道 →wonderful [wʌndəful] adj. 精彩的 ‎( ) Dehong is a wonderful city in Yunnan province. ‎ A. clean B. beautiful C. noisy D. big ‎15.It was my first time there.这是我第一次去那里。‎ ‎ 【解析】It’s one’s first time to do sth . 某人第一次做某事 It was her ___________(one) time in Yunnan in 2014.‎ ‎16．Did everyone have a good time? 大家都玩得很开心吗？‎ ‎【解析】have a good time=have fun玩得开心，过的愉快，其后接V-ing, 同义短语还有enjoy oneself。‎ ‎ We had a good time at the party. 我们在晚会上玩得很开心。‎ ‎= We had fun at the party. ‎ ‎= We enjoyed ourselves at the party.‎ ‎17.Did you go shopping? 你们去购物了吗？‎ go shopping意为“去购物；去买东西”，同义短语为do some shopping. ‎ ‎ I usually go shopping on Sundays.我通常星期天去购物。‎ 拓展：“go+doing”形式表示“去做某事”，常用于表达从事某一体育活动或休闲活动。‎ go skating 去滑冰 go hiking 去 go sightseeing 去观光 ‎ go fishing 去钓鱼 go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去划船 ‎18．The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read. 唯一的问题是晚上除了读书没什么事可做。‎ ‎【解析】 nothing much to do 意为“没什么事可做”。‎ ‎ I have nothing special to do this afternoon. 今天下午我没什么特别的事可做。‎ 拓展 nothing…but… 意为“除……之外什么也没有；只有”，but 后可接名词或者动词原形。‎ I had nothing but a cup of tea this morning. 我今天早上只喝了杯茶。‎ ‎19．Still no one seemed to be bored. (即使这样)仍然没有人看起来无聊。‎ ‎【解析】 seem 可作不及物动词或连系动词，意为“好像；似乎；看来”。‎ Everything seems easy. 一切似乎很容易。‎ 拓展 seem +形容词“看起来……“‎ You seem happy today. 你今天看起来很高兴。(系表结构)‎ seem + to do sth. “似乎，好像做某事“。‎ I seem to have a cold. 我似乎感冒了。‎ It seems that/as if 似乎，看起来。如：‎ It seems that he is sad. = He seems to be sad. 他似乎很难过 C．It seems/seemed +that 从句 “看起来好像……；似乎……“。‎ 其中it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。‎ It seems that no one believes you. 看起来好像没有人相信你。‎ seem like… “好像，似乎……”。‎ It seems like a good idea. 它好像是个好主意。(系表结构)‎ bored 与 boring的区别 bored ：厌倦的；烦闷的；感到无聊的。一般在句中修饰人，作表语。‎ boring ：无趣的；令人厌烦的；单调的。一般在句中修饰事或物，可作表语和定语。‎ I’m bored with what he said. 我对他说的话厌烦极了。‎ I find the story very boring. 我发现这个故事太无聊了。‎ ‎.Still no one seemed to be bored. 但是没有人觉得无聊了。‎ ‎【解析2】bore →boring adj. “令人厌烦的，厌倦的”，其主语多是物 一般在句中修饰事或物，可作表语和定语 ‎→bored adj. “厌烦的，厌倦的” ,其主语多是人，一般在句中修饰人，作表语 词义辨析：look/seem/appear 这些动词均有“看起来，好像是”之意。‎ appear: 指从感观印象看似乎是如此，但有时着重指因视野、观点限制而产生的歪曲印象。‎ look: 指从样子看起来，侧重通过视觉而建立的印象。‎ seem: 多指从主观印象或个人反应得出的看法。‎ ‎20. went to a friend’s farm in the countryside with my family.‎ ‎ 我和家人一起去了乡下一个朋友的农场。‎ ‎【解析】a friend’s farm是名词所有格形式。一般情况下，表示“有生命的人或物”的名词后面加’s，表示所属关系。‎ ‎ The red bike is Alice’s.那辆红色的自行车是爱丽斯的。‎ ‎【拓展】：名词所有格的构成：‎ ‎1）单数名词词尾加“’s”，复数名词词尾没有s,也要加“’s”： ‎ ‎ the girl ‘s pen女孩的钢笔 women’s shoes女鞋 on Children’s Day ‎2）复数名词以s结尾的只加“’”： ‎ ‎ the students’ reading room学生阅览室 ‎ ‎ Teachers’s Day教师节 ‎3）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有’s，则表示“分别有”；只后一个名词有一个’s，则表示“共有”：‎ John’s and Kate’s rooms约翰和凯特（各自）的房间 ‎ Lily and Lucy’s father莉莉和露西的爸爸 ‎4）表示无生命的名词一般与of构成短语，表示所有关系 a map of China一幅中国地图 the name of the story那个故事的名字 ‎21. Did everyone have a good time?所有人都玩得开心吗？‎ ‎【解析】 have a good time / wonderful/great time ‎ fun = enjoy oneself 玩的开心,过得愉快 ‎22. What did Lisa say about…?莉萨对……说过什么？‎ ‎【解析】 say about意为“发表对……的看法”。‎ ‎ I didn’t say anything about it.我对此事什么也没说。‎ ‎23. What activity do you find enjoyable? 你发现什么活动很有趣？‎ ‎【解析1】 activity [æktiviti] n.活动；(pl) 复数：activities ‎ ① Students like outdoor activities.___________________‎ ‎( ) ②Are you free? Let’s do some______ with Tom.‎ A. activity B. actors C. actresses D. Activities ‎【解析2】enjoyable adj，意为“愉快的；快乐的”。‎ ‎ I’m sure we will have an enjoyable vacation.‎ 我确信我们将会有一个愉快的假期。‎ ‎24. I really enjoyed walking around the twon. 我确实喜欢在城镇附近散步。‎ ‎【解析】joy n 喜欢 → enjoy v 喜欢 → enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的 ‎ enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 She enjoys ____________(listen) to the music.‎ enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time玩得高兴，过得愉快 ‎( ) — I am glad to be invited to Susan’s birthday party on Friday evening , Mum.‎ ‎ — _______ yourself, dear! But remember to be back before 10 o’clock.‎ ‎ A. Help B. Believe C. Make D. Enjoy ‎ Children always have a good time at the Wetland Park(湿地公园) of ‎ ‎ Liu Panshui.‎ ‎ A. enjoy themselves B. help each other ‎ ‎ C. look beautiful D. have a big dinner ‎25. I arrived in penang inMalaysia this morning with my family.‎ ‎ 今早我和我的家人到达了马来西亚的滨城。‎ ‎【解析】arrive vi“到达”。‎ ‎ arrive in表示到达较大的地方，如国家、省、市等；‎ ‎ arrive at表示到达较小的地方，如机场、商店、广场、村庄等。‎ ‎（注：地点副词home，here，there前介词省略）‎ ‎【辨析】get/ reach/ arrive get to +地点=arrive in/at +地点=reach+地点 同义短语或单词： get to 到达； reach 到达 。若表示“到家”：arrive home或get home;“到那儿”：get there.‎ ‎( ) ___the afternoon of April 30th ,many foreign visitors arrived _____ Shanghai.‎ A. In ,at B. On, in C. On ,to I arrive in Leishan last Sunday.‎ ‎ A.reach B.reached to C.got to D.got to ‎ —When will the plane _____Shanghai?‎ ‎—Sorry，I don’t know.‎ A. get B. arrive at C. reach ‎－Henry, please call us as soon as you________ Hawaii.‎ ‎ －OK. I’ll do that, Mom.‎ ‎ A. arrive in B. are arriving in C. will arrive at ‎26.It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. ‎ 天气晴朗且炎热，因此我们决定去我们宾馆附近的海滩。‎ ‎ v. decide 决定（过去式:decided 过去分词:decided 现在分词:deciding 第三人称单数:decides ）‎ ‎ 常用于以下结构中：‎ ‎ (1)decide to do sth=make up one’s mind to do sth 决定去做某事 ‎ decide on (doing) sth. 决定什么……‎ ‎ decide+从句（wh-疑问句或that从句）。如：‎ ‎ We decided to go to New York next month. ‎ ‎ 我们决定下个月去纽约。‎ ‎ We decided on going swimming. ‎ ‎ 我们决定去游泳。‎ ‎ We can’t decide where to go.‎ ‎ 我么不能决定该去哪儿。‎ ‎ He decided that he would buy a new computer. ‎ ‎ 他决定买一台新电脑。‎ ‎​· 知识拓展--相关单词 ‎ n. decision 决定，make a decision表示“做决定”。如：‎ ‎ I made a decision to study better. 我决定好好学习。‎ ‎ (3)make a decision on +n/doing ‎ ‎(4) decide on 选定；决定 ‎【拓展】：1）decide后常跟“疑问词+动词不定式”做宾语。‎ ‎ He can’t decide when ______ (leave)他不能决定何时动身。‎ ‎ 2）decide后常跟宾语从句。‎ ‎ I can’t decide where _________. 我不能决定我该去哪儿。‎ ‎ Harry has decided________ an online shop after graduating from school.‎ ‎ A. open B.to open C. opened D. opening ‎ It was dark outside. Sue decided______ to the bank alone.‎ not going B. going not C. not to go D. to not go ‎27. What a difference a day makes! 一天竟如此不同！ （多么与众不同的一天啊！）‎ ‎【解析】 different adj. 不同的 →differently adv. 不同地→difference n. 不同点 be different from= be not the same as 与…..不同 (反) the same as There are some differences between ... and ...“......和......两者间的不同点”‎ ‎· 基本用法 n. difference 不同，make a/the difference表示“要紧，起作用，有所不同”，也可用 ‎ make a/no/little/much/some difference表示“对……有/没有/几乎没有/有很大/有些影响”。如：‎ ‎ It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not. ‎ ‎ 他去还是留对我没有影响。‎ ‎ What you have told me may make a difference to my own opinion. ‎ ‎ 你告诉我的一切，可能影响我自己的看法。‎ ‎ Does his absence make a difference to your work?‎ ‎ 假如没有他，对你的工作会有影响吗？‎ ‎【解析】(1) what 修饰名词，引导的感叹句的形式：‎ What + (a/ an ) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主语 + 谓语)！‎ Eg. What a beautiful park( it is)! 这是一个多么漂亮的公园啊！‎ What nice weather! 多么好的天气！‎ What lovely dogs they are! 多么可爱的一群小狗啊！‎ ‎(2) how 修饰形容词或副词，引导感叹句的形式：‎ How + 形容词或副词 + 主语 + 谓语！‎ Eg.How wonderful the waterfall looks! 瀑布看起来多壮观啊！‎ How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！‎ How beautiful a piace it is! 多美的一个地方啊！‎ How+主语+谓语！‎ How time flies! 光阴似箭！‎ ‎28.My sister and I tried paragliding. 我和姐姐尝试了滑翔伞运动。‎ ‎【解析】 try vi 试图，设法，努力其后常接名词、动名词或不定式，意为“尝试；试图，设法；努力” （过去式:tried 过去分词:tired 现在分词:trying 第三人称单数:tries）‎ ‎ I don’t think I can do it,but I’ll try.我认为我做不了它，但是我要尝试一下。‎ ‎【拓展】 (1)try on 试穿 ‎(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成，强调付出一定的努力设法去完成。‎ You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。‎ ‎ (3) try doing sth 试图做某事,表示一种尝试、做做看的想法，不一定付出很多努力。‎ ‎ I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我试着种果木花卉，但未成 ‎(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 ‎①We should _________(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future.(5）try n“尝试”，常用短语“have a try= want a go 试一试”。‎ ‎ I’m going to have a try.我想试一试。‎ ‎【解析2】paragliding ['pærəɡlaɪdɪŋ] n.空中滑翔跳伞 ‎29. We rode bicycles to Georgetown . 我们骑自行车去了乔治市 ‎【解析】bicycle [baisikl] n.自行车，脚踏车 =bike ‎ ‎ by bike = on the bike 乘自行车 ‎ ( ) I often go to school ______ bike.‎ ‎ A.on B.in C.by D.of ‎ ‎30. I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉像是一只鸟。‎ ‎ Did you dislike anything? 你不喜欢什么东西吗？‎ ‎1）feel like意为“给……的感觉；感受到”。其后常接从句。‎ ‎ He feels like he is swimming. 他感觉像在游泳一样。‎ 拓展：feel like还可意为“想要……”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词。即：‎ feel like sth. 想要某物 feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 Do you feel like a cup of tea now? 你现在想要一杯茶吗？‎ Do you feel like ______ (take) a walk in the park with me? 你想跟我在公园散步吗？‎ ‎2）辨析：exciting与excited ‎ exciting 意为“令人兴奋的，使人激动的”， 一般修饰某物。‎ excited 意为“感到兴奋的，激动的”， 一般修饰某人。‎ a.The story is_________(exciting, excited) . ‎ ‎ b.He told me the_______(exciting, excited)news.‎ ‎ c.Sarah was_______(exciting, excited)to see the singer.‎ ‎【解析】dislike v“不喜欢；厌恶”，其后接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。同义词是hate。‎ Mary ______ the hamburgers.玛丽不喜欢汉堡包。 ‎ I _____ ______ computer 我不喜欢玩电脑游 ‎【拓展】 like v 喜欢 (反义词) dislike [dɪs'laɪk] v.不喜欢；厌恶 ‎ ‎ ( ) They often talk about their ____.‎ A. like and dislike B. likes and dislike C. likes and dislikes ‎ ‎ D. like and dislikes ‎【拓展】 (1) like sth 喜欢某物 I like English/ apples. ‎ ‎(2) like doing sth 喜欢做某事（表示兴趣爱好） She likes swimming ‎(3) like to do sth 喜欢去做某事 （表示去做一件具体的事）‎ ‎4) would like to do sth= want to do sth 想去做某事 ‎(5) feel like doing sth 喜欢去做某事= want /would like to do sth ‎①I ________ her because she always argues with me . (like)‎ ‎( ) ② — Would you like _____ shopping with me?‎ ‎ — Sorry, I feel like ____ this book.‎ A. to go; read B. to go; reading C. going; to read D. going ; reading ‎ ‎【解析2】bird [bɜ d] n.鸟；禽 ‎ Look! A ______ is singing in the tree.‎ ‎ A. pig B. bird C. cow ‎ ‎31. There are a lot of new buildings now 现在有许多新的建筑物。‎ ‎【解析1】there be 句型基本认识 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。‎ ‎2、结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.‎ ‎ (2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.‎ ‎【注意】：  there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如：‎ ‎① There is a bird in the tree.   树上有一只鸟。‎ ‎ ② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.  ‎ 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。‎ ‎ ③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. ‎ 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。‎ ‎3：变成否定：There be句型的否定式的构成在be后加上not There are some pictures on the wall. ‎ ‎→There aren't any pictures on the wall. ‎ There is a bike behind the tree. ‎ ‎→ There isn't a bike behind the tree. ‎ ‎4：变成一般疑问句 There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。‎ There are some fish in the water. ‎ ‎→Are there any fish in the water?‎ ‎— Yes , there are. — Yes , there aren’t ‎ ‎ Across from my home, __ a shop which sells things from foreign countries.‎ A. it is B. it has C. there is D. that is ‎ There ______more visitors in Dongying this year because 2014 City Landscaping Exposition of Shandong Province (山东省城市园林绿化博览会) will be held here on September 1st.‎ ‎ A. is B. are C. will be D. is going to have ‎【解析2】 build → built →built v→ building n 建筑 ‎ ‎ → builder n 建筑者 ‎①There are a lot of new _____________(build) in our town.‎ ‎( )② The _____ are busy _____ the tall ______.‎ ‎ A. builder; build; building B. buildings; build; builder ‎ C. builders; building; buildings D. build ; building; builder ‎32. When we got to the top , it was raining really hard. ‎ 当我们到达顶部的时候，学生们正在读英语。‎ ‎【解析】top n 顶部，表面 at the top of… 在……的顶部 top student 尖子生 come top 名列前茅 ‎【记】stop → top ‎11.It was exciting! 它如此令人兴奋！‎ ‎【解析】excite v 使激动，使兴奋 ‎ ‎ (1) exciting adj. 令人激动的，可作定语和表语，作表语时主语通常为物。‎ ‎ (2) exciting adj. 感到激动的（常作表语，主语通常为人。）‎ ‎ be excited about 对…… 感到兴奋 ‎①We are _____ about the ________news .(excite)‎ ‎②—What _____ news! — Yes. We are all _____ about it.‎ ‎ A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. exciting; excited ‎③ This TV show is too ____. I’d rather listen to music.‎ ‎ A. fantastic B. exciting C. boring D. interesting.‎ Going to South Africa for the World Cup makes me ____ , for I am a football fan.‎ ‎ A. relaxed B. relaxing C. excited D. exciting ‎ 5.- What__ __news! The Chinese Women's Badminton Team won the ‎ Uber Cup again. - Really? That's great!‎ ‎ A. interesting B.interested C.exciting D.excited ‎33. There are a lot of new buildings now…现在有许多新的建筑物……‎ building 可数名词,意为“建筑物；楼房”。 ‎ build 动词，“建造，建筑” （built，built），‎ The workers built many tall buildings in our school last year.‎ ‎34.We didn’t have an umbrella so we were wet and cold.‎ ‎ 我们没有带伞，因此我们身上又湿又冷。‎ ‎【解析】 umbrella：[ʌm'brelə] n 雨伞 an umbrella 一把雨伞 ‎( ) Tom didn’t have ____ umbrella .‎ ‎ A. / B. the C. a D. an ‎ ‎35. I wonder what life was like here in the past. ‎ 我很想知道过去这儿的生活是什么样的。‎ ‎【解析】 wonder [wʌndə] ①vt 想知道,(其后常接who,what,why等疑问词引导的宾语从句。)‎ ‎ I wonder what they were doing here.我想知道他去哪里了 ‎ I wonder________. 我想知道那个男孩是谁 A.the boy is who B.who is the boy ‎ ‎ ②n 奇迹 ‎ →wonderful [wʌndəful] adj. 精彩的 ‎【记】 The Great Wall is one of the greatest ___ in the world, and it’s very ___________. (wonder)‎ ‎( ) Dehong is a wonderful city in Yunnan province. ‎ clean B. beautiful C. noisy D. Big ‎· 基本用法 ‎ vt. wonder 想知道，琢磨，对……感到奇怪（疑惑）‎ ‎ I wonder where to spend the weekend. ‎ ‎ 我琢磨去哪里度周末。‎ ‎· 知识拓展---相关句型/结构 ‎ wonder at sth. 惊奇/惊讶于某事 ‎ wonder to do sth. 想干某事 ‎ wonder+who/what/why +从句或to do … 想知道 ‎ wonder+if/whether … 想知道是否 ‎36.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.‎ ‎ 因为人太多，所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。‎ ‎【解析1】wait [weit] v 等待→ waiter n （男）服务员 wait for意为“等候”，其后可接人或物。‎ ‎ a.I’ll wait for you at the door. ‎ ‎ b.Tom was waiting for a bus over there.‎ ‎2）wait to do sth 等待做某事 ‎3）can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待的做某事 ‎. It’s polite to ___________ (等待) in line before getting on the bus.‎ ‎--You're in a hurry. Where are you going?  ‎ ‎ --To the cinema. Sue ___ for me outside.   A. waits  B.  waited C. is waiting   D.was waiting ‎【解析2】over介词，意为“多于；超过；在……以上（表示数目、程度）”，相当于more than。‎ ‎ a. My father is over 40 years old. ‎ ‎ b.There are over eight hundred students in our school.‎ 拓展：a.over表示“在……之上”，与物体垂直且不接触，反义词为under。‎ ‎ There is a map over the blackboard.‎ b. over表示“通过”。I hear the news over the radio.‎ c. over表示“遍及”。I want to travel all over the world.‎ ‎【解析3】too many意为“太多”，其后接可数名词复数。‎ ‎ He always has too many questions to ask me.‎ ‎【辨析】：too many,too much与much too ‎(1)too many + 复数名词 许多 too many people ‎ ‎(2)too much +不可数名词 许多 too much homework ‎ ‎(3)much too +形容词 太… much too cold ‎( ) ① The math problem is _________ difficult. ‎ ‎( ) ② There are ____people in the supermarket.‎ ‎( ) ③There was____ snow in the south of China.‎ A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too ‎( )④ Mr. Smith eats ______ food, so he’s _____ fat.‎ ‎ A. much too; too much B. too many; much too ‎ C. too much; too much D. too much ;much too ‎37. And because of the bad weather , we couldn’t see anything below. 而且因为这糟糕的天气，我们看不到山下的任何景色。‎ ‎【解析1】because of 因为 ‎ 【辨析】：because of与because ‎ ‎（1） because of介词短语，“因为，由于”，后可接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。‎ ‎ 【记】 because of +n/ving /代词宾格(用于句中)‎ ‎（ because of 是复合介词，后接名词或代词，相当于名词词组）‎ ‎ She’s worried because of her son.‎ ‎（2） because连词，“因为”，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。‎ ‎{记} because conj +从句 （引导原因状语从句）‎ ‎ He didn’t go to school yesterday because he was ill ‎【记】I didn’t go to the party not ____ the weather but ____ I didn’t feel well.‎ ‎ A. because of; because B. because ; because of C. because ; because ‎(3) because 还可以回答why 引导的句子（because 是连词，后接句子，是主句的直接原因，常用来回答由why 引导的特殊疑问句。）‎ ‎— Why do you like pandas? ‎ ‎— Because they are cute.‎ ‎(4) because 和so 不能一起连用，二者只能用其一。‎ Tom didn’t go to school yesterday ____ he was ill.‎ ‎ A. as B. so C. because D. while ‎ Mo Yan’s books have been sold out in many book stores ___ his winning of the Nobel Literature Prize.‎ ‎ A. because B. since C. as D. because of ‎ He didn’t go to school yesterday ________ he was ill.‎ ‎ A. because B. because of C. if D. so ‎ ‎【解析2】below[bɪ'ləʊ] adv “在下面；到下面”。‎ ‎ Please write your name below. ‎ ‎ prep.低于；在...下面 (反义词)above ‎ From the top of the mountain I could see the village below.‎ ‎38. We wanted to walk up to the top , but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train.‎ ‎【解析1】want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。‎ ‎【解析2】start doing sth.意为“开始做某事”，同义短语：start to do sth.‎ ‎【拓展】：作“开始”讲时，start与begin两者可互换，‎ ‎ 但以下几种情况只能用start,不用begin。‎ ‎ （1）表示“创办；开办”时。‎ ‎ He started a new bookshop last month.他上个月新开了一家书店。‎ ‎ （2）表示“机器开动”时。‎ ‎ I can’t start my car.我不能启动我的车了。‎ ‎ （3）表示“出发；动身”时。‎ I will start tomorrow morning.我会在明天一早出发。‎ ‎【解析3】a little副词短语，“一点儿”，在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词。‎ ‎ 也可以修饰不可数名词。‎ a.I can draw a little,but only as a hobby.______________________________‎ b.It’s a little cold outside. ______________________________‎ c.He said he spoke a little English. ______________________________‎ ‎【解析4】take the train意为“乘火车”，take在此意为“乘坐”。‎ ‎39My father didn’t bring enough money... 我父亲没有待足够的钱....‎ ‎【辨析】：bring与take ‎ ‎ bring意为“带来；拿来”，指从别处带到说话者所在地；‎ ‎ take意为“拿走；带走”，指从说话者所在地带到别处去 ‎ —I’m sorry I ________ my exercise book at home this morning.‎ ‎ —It doesn’t mater. Don’t forget ________ it here this afternoon.‎ A. left; to take B. forgot; bringing C. left; to bring D. forgot; to bring ‎【解析】enough [inʌf]  ‎ ‎(1)enough adj.足够的,‎ 修饰可数名词或不可数名词,可以放在名词前面,也可以放在名词后面;‎ have enough time to do sth 有足够的时间做某事 ‎(2) adv.足够地,修饰形容词、副词、动词,并放在其后。‎ ‎ serious enough 足够严肃 ‎【记】 We still have enough time to make this birthday cake look good enough ‎ This movie wasn’t ______. He fell asleep half way through it.‎ ‎　A. interesting enough B. enough interesting ‎ ‎　C. interested enough D. enough interested ‎ This movie wasn’t ______. He fell asleep half way through it.‎ ‎　A. interesting enough B. enough interesting ‎ ‎　C. interested enough D. enough interested ‎40.I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真的喜欢在这个城镇周围散步。‎ ‎【解析1】enjoy vt，“喜爱；欣赏；享受……的乐趣”，其后接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。‎ ‎ Do you enjoy your job?你喜欢你的工作吗》 ‎ ‎【拓展】 ①enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 ‎ She enjoys ____________(listen) to the music.‎ ‎ ② enjoy oneself =have a good time = have fun 玩得开心 （+ doing）‎ ‎【解析2】walk around意为“四处走走”。‎ ‎ He’s just walking around the village.他只是在村庄里随便走走。‎ ‎41. I’m so hungry. 我很饿!‎ ‎【解析】 hungry adj. 饥饿的 → hunger n 饥饿 ‎. I can't eat any more food, I am_ .‎ A. busy B. hungry C. full D. serious ‎42. …because we forgot to bring an umbrella… 因为我们忘了带雨伞。‎ ‎【解析】forget的反义词remember“想起；记得”‎ ‎ forgetful,意为“健忘的”‎ ‎ 【辨析】：forget to do sth.与forget doing sth. ‎ ‎（1）forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事（事情还没做） ‎ ‎ Don’t forget to close the window.‎ ‎（2）forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事（事情已经做过了） ‎ ‎ I forget closing the window.‎ ‎【拓展】remember to do“_______________”；‎ ‎ remember doing“_______________”。‎ ‎43. trade v 经商 →trader n 商人 ‎ ‎( ) Her aunt is a ______ because she sells fish and meat every day.‎ ‎ A. doctor B. worker C. teacher D. trader ‎44.We wanted to walk up to the top,but then it started raining a little so we decided take the train.‎ ‎【解析1】want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。‎ ‎【解析2】start doing sth.意为“开始做某事”，同义短语：start to do sth.‎ ‎【拓展】：作“开始”讲时，start与begin两者可互换，‎ ‎ 但以下几种情况只能用start,不用begin。‎ ‎ （1）表示“创办；开办”时。‎ ‎ He started a new bookshop last month.他上个月新开了一家书店。‎ ‎ （2）表示“机器开动”时。‎ ‎ I can’t start my car.我不能启动我的车了。‎ ‎ （3）表示“出发；动身”时。‎ I will start tomorrow morning.我会在明天一早出发。‎ ‎【解析3】a little副词短语，“一点儿”，在句中修饰动词、形容词或副词。‎ ‎ 也可以修饰不可数名词。‎ a.I can draw a little,but only as a hobby.______________________________‎ b.It’s a little cold outside. ______________________________‎ c.He said he spoke a little English. ______________________________‎ ‎【解析4】take the train意为“乘火车”，take在此意为“乘坐”。‎ ‎45. About one hour later, we stopped and drank some tea. 大约一小时后，我们停下来喝了些茶。‎ ‎1）one hour later 一小时后 ；一小时前_________________‎ ‎2）stop动词，意为“停止；中断”，过去式_________，现在分词__________；‎ ‎3）drink及物动词，意为“喝；饮”； 还可以作名词，意为“饮料”。‎ ‎46. Did you dislike anything? 你不喜欢什么东西吗？‎ ‎ dislike意为“不喜欢；厌恶”，其后可接名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。‎ a. Mary ______ the hamburgers. 玛丽不喜欢汉堡包。 ‎ b. I _____ ______ computer 我不喜欢玩电脑游戏。‎ ‎ 46.Why not?为什么不带呀？‎ ‎【解析】why not意为“为什么不呢”，一般用在疑问句中，表示提建议；why not后面需跟动词原形。‎ ‎【注】：“Why not + 动词原形?” 相当于“Why don’t you+ 动词原形?”‎ ‎ a.Why not go to the party with me? ‎ ‎ =Why don’t you go to the party with me?为什么不和我一起去参加聚会呢？‎ ‎ b._____ _____take a walk? ‎ ‎ = _____ ______ _____ take a walk? 为什么不去散步呢？‎ ‎47.Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water.‎ ‎ 我们班上的每一个人都随身带了装有食物和水的提袋。‎ ‎【解析】with介词，意为“具有；带有”。‎ ‎ 此处介词短语with some food and water作bag的后置定语。‎ ‎【拓展】：with作介词时的其他用法：‎ 和……在一起，‎ I often go to school ______ my friend.我经常和朋友们一起去上学。‎ b.以（手段、材料），用（工具），‎ ‎ Cut the apple with a knife.用刀切苹果。‎ ‎48. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 我的双腿如此累以至于我想停下来。 ‎ so…that…如此…以至于 ‎【解析】 so…that…/ such…that…（如此…以致）引导的结果状语从句 ‎【注】：1)当名词前面有many,much,little,few修饰时，用so而不用such。‎ ‎ 2)so…that句型的否定形式可用简单句too…to或not…enough to代替。‎ ‎ 3)so that(以便，为了)引导目的状语从句，从句谓语中常含有 ‎ may,might,can,could,will,would等情态动词。‎ ‎ 【解析】 so…that…与 such…that…‎ so…that…: so 后接形容词或副词，常构成句型：A：主语+谓语+so +adj./adv. + that 从句。‎ ‎ .Today was so hot that we didn’t go out for picnic. 今天如此热，以至于我们没有出去野餐。‎ B、：主语+谓语+so +adj./adv.+a/an+单数可数名词 + that 从句 She is so lovely a girl that we all love her. 她是如此可爱的一个女孩，以至于我们都爱她。‎ such…that…: such后接名词，常构成的句型：such + (a/ an) + adj. +名词（可数名词复数/单数可数名词）+that从句。‎ ‎ He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him. 他非常聪明，大家都非常喜欢他。‎ ‎49. 常用的感叹句的结构：‎ What+adj.+ 复数名词或不可数名词+主语+谓语！ ‎ ‎2）What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！‎ ‎3）How+adj. +a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！ ‎ ‎4）How+adj./adv. +主语+谓语！ ‎ ‎5）How +主语+谓语！‎ What an interesting book it is! = How interesting a book is! 那本书多么有趣啊！‎ ‎—______ bad weather! We can’t go for a picnic because of the rain today.‎ ‎ —I hope it’ll stop soon. ‎ ‎ A. What B. How C. What a D. How a ‎ ‎ --_____foggy day ! --Something must be done to solve the haze problem .‎ ‎ A. How B. What C. What a ‎ ‎ ________ weather it is today!‎ ‎ A. What hot B. How hot C. What a hot D. How a hot ‎－What can you see in the garden?‎ ‎ －Flowers. ________ beautiful they are!‎ ‎ A. What B. How C. How a ‎-____ wonderful news, isn't it?‎ ‎ -Yes, it is.‎ ‎ A. What a B. What C. How ‎.—______sweet song it is!‎ ‎ —Yeah, it’s My Heart Will Go On sung by Celine Dion.‎ ‎ A. How B. How a C. What a D. What ‎ ________good time we have had in the junior middle school!‎ ‎ A. What B. What a C. How D. How a ‎ ‎50．My classmates told me to keep going,so I went on.‎ ‎ 我的同学告诉我坚持往前走，因此我便继续前进了 ‎1）tell sb. (not)to do sth.意为“告诉某人（不要）做某事。‎ ‎ The teacher______ ______ ______ ______the window.老师告诉我们擦窗户。‎ ‎2）keep doing sth.意为“继续做某事，一直做某事”。‎ She______ ______TV for two hours last night.昨晚她看了两个小时的电视。‎ ‎51.Everyone jumped up and down in excitement.大家都兴奋地跳起来。‎ ‎【解析1】jump在此为及物动词，意为“跳跃”。‎ ‎【拓展】：与jump相关的短语：‎ jump into跳入 jump off跳离 jump over跳过 jump out of跳出 ‎【解析2】up and down意为“上上下下；来来往往”，在句中作状语。‎ ‎ They looked me ______ ______ ______他们上上下下打量我。‎ ‎ He walks______ ______ ______the room.他在房间里来回走动。‎ ‎52.Twenty minutes later,the sun started to come up.20分钟后，太阳开始升起来了。‎ ‎ 【解析】 come up意为“出现；发生”。 ‎ ‎ It gets hot after the sun has come up.太阳升起后，天气就热了。‎ ‎ Please let me know if anything comes up.如果发生什么事的话，请让我知道。‎ 单词 anyone ['eniwʌn] pron.任何人 anywhere ['eniweə(r)] adv.任何地方 n.任何(一个)地方 wonderful ['wʌndəfl] adj.精彩的；极好的 few [fjuː] adj.很少的；n.少量 most [məʊst] adj.最多的；大多数的；‎ something ['sʌmθɪŋ] pron.某事物；‎ nothing(=not…anything) ['nʌθɪŋ] pron.没有什么n.没有 myself [maɪ'self] pron.我自己 everyone ['evriwʌn] pron.每人；人人 yourself [jɔː'self] pron.你自己；你亲自 hen [hen] n.母鸡；雌禽 bored [bɔːd] adj.无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的 pig n.猪 diary ['daɪəri] n.日记；日记簿(keep a diary)‎ seem [siːm] vi.似乎；好像 someone ['sʌmwʌn] pron.某人；有人 quite a few相当多；不少(后接可数名词)‎ of course [əvkɔːs] 当然 activity [æk'tɪvəti] n.活动；活跃 decide [dɪ'saɪd] v.决定；选定(decide to do sth.)‎ try [traɪ] v.尝试；设法；努力 (try to do sth. /try doing sth.)‎ bird [bɜːd] n.鸟；禽 paragliding ['pærəɡlaɪdɪŋ] n.空中滑翔跳伞 bicycle ['baɪsɪkl] n.自行车 building ['bɪldɪŋ] n.建筑物 trader ['treɪdə(r)] n.商人；商船 wonder ['wʌndə(r)] v.惊奇；想知道；怀疑 difference ['dɪfrəns] n.差异；不同 top [tɒp] n.顶部；顶 wait [weɪt] v.等；等待(wait for)‎ umbrella [ʌm'brelə] n.伞；雨伞 wet [wet] adj.湿的；雨天的 below [bɪ'ləʊ] prep.低于；在...下面adv.在下面 as [əz] conj.如同；像...一样 enough [ɪ'nʌf] adj.足够的adv.足够地；充分地 duck [dʌk] n.鸭肉；鸭 hungry(反full) ['hʌŋɡri] adj.饥饿的；渴望的 feel like(doing sth.)想要 dislike [dɪs'laɪk] v.不喜欢；厌恶 n.不喜爱；厌恶；反感 短语：‎ ‎1. go on vacation去度假 2.stay at home 待在家里 ‎ ‎3.go to the mountains 去爬山 4. go to the beach 去海滩 ‎ ‎5. visit museums 参观博物馆 6. go to summer camp 去参加夏令营 ‎7.quite a few 相当多(只修饰可数名词) 8.study for 为……而学习 ‎ ‎9.go out 出去 10.most of the time 大部分时间 ‎ ‎11. taste good 尝起来很好吃 12.have a good time 玩得高兴 ‎ ‎13. of course 当然 14.feel like 给……的感觉；感受到 ‎ ‎15.go shopping 去购物 16.in the past 在过去 ‎ ‎17. walk around 四处走走 18. because of 因为 ‎ ‎19. one bowl of… 一碗…… 20. the next day 第二天 ‎ ‎21. drink tea 喝茶 22. find out 找出； 查明 ‎ ‎23. go on 继续 24.take photos 照相 ‎ ‎25. something important 重要的事 26. up and down 上上下下 ‎ ‎27. come up 出来 28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 ‎ ‎29. taste + adj. 尝起来…… 30. look+adj. 看起来…… ‎ ‎31.nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有 ‎ ‎32.seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来…… ‎ ‎33. arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点 到达某地 ‎ ‎34.decide to do sth. 决定去做某事 35. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / ‎ ‎36. try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 37. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事/ ‎ ‎38. forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 39. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 ‎ ‎40. want to do sth. 想去做某事 41. start doing sth. 开始做某事 ‎ ‎42. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 43. dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事 ‎ ‎44. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 ‎ ‎45. Why not do. sth.? 为什么不做……呢？‎ ‎46. so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于…… ‎ ‎47. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 ‎ ‎48 .have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得痛快 句型 ‎1、buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth.为某人买某物 ‎2、taste + adj. 尝起来…… look+adj. 看起来……‎ ‎3、nothing…but+动词原形 除了……之外什么都没有 ‎4、seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来……‎ ‎5、arrive in+大地点（如国家、省份、城市等） / arrive at+小地点（如学校、商店、车站等） 到达某地 get to+地点/reach+地点 到达某地 ‎6、decide to do sth.决定去做某事 ‎7、try doing sth.尝试做某事（强调抱着试试看的心态尝试某件事是否行得通） / try to do sth（强调付出努力并设法去完成）.尽力去做某事 ‎ ‎8、forget doing sth.忘记做过某事/ forget to do sth.忘记做某事 ‎9、enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 10、 want to do sth.想去做某事 want sb to do sth ‎11、start doing sth.开始做某事 12、 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 ‎ ‎13、dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 14、 keep doing sth.继续做某事 keep on doing sth 不停做某事 15、. Why not do. sth. =Why don’t you do sth ? 为什么不做……呢？‎ ‎16、so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于……‎ ‎17、tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 ‎18、enough+名词：足够的；充足的；从分的； 形容词+ enough：足够地；充足地；从分地 19、not really：真的没有 20、seem to do sth 似乎好像做某事 21、Bye for now!到这该说再见了！22、.have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得痛快 keep sth+adj.使…保持…状态 feel like +n./v.ing sth 想要……；想要做……‎ 一般过去时 ‎（一）结构 ‎ 一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。‎ 基本结构 否定句 一般疑问句 Be动词 was/ were+not was或were提前，放于句首 行为动词 didn’t+do（动词原形）‎ Did+主语+do（动词原形）‎ 注：在一般过去时的句子中，谓语动词可分为两类一类是be动词，其形式为was与第一、三人称单数连用，were与第二人称和复数人称的主语连用。凡是由be动词做谓语的句子，变否定句时，直接在其后加not,即wasn’t 或weren’t，变一般疑问句将was/ were放在句首，句末用问号。另一类谓语动词是由行为动词来充当，如stayedwentvisited等,这一类动词做谓语时，可与任何人称连用，句子变否定时，要在主语后面，动词的前面加didn’t，动词用原形；一般疑问句是把did提到句首，动词用原形。‎ I was in Shanghai last year .‎ I wasn’t in Shanghai last year .‎ ‎ Was you in Shanghai last year ?‎ ‎ He went to the park yesterday .‎ ‎ He didn’t go to the park yesterday ?‎ ‎ Did he go to the park yesterday ?‎ ‎（二）句式 ‎ 1、肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他。‎ ‎ I was in Beijing yesterday .‎ ‎ I went to the beach yesterday .‎ ‎ 2、否定句：主语+wasn’t 或weren’t+其他。‎ ‎ 主语+didn’t + V原+其他。‎ ‎ I wasn’t in Beijing yesterday .‎ ‎ I didn’t go to the beach yesterday .‎ ‎ 3、一般疑问句：was/ were+主语+V原+其他？‎ ‎ Did +主语+V原+其他？‎ ‎ Were you in Beijing yesterday ?‎ ‎ Did you go to the beach yesterday ?‎ ‎ 4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ was/ were+主语+其他？‎ 特殊疑问词+did+主语+V原+其他？‎ ‎ Where were you yesterday ?‎ ‎ Where did yougo yesterday ?‎ ‎（三）用法 ‎ 1、一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last week(month , year…),…ago,the other day ,just now ,at the age of…,in 1980等连用。如：‎ ‎ At the age of ten ,she began to learn to play the piano .‎ ‎ 2、表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。‎ ‎ When I was a child ,I often play the football in the street .‎ ‎ 3、在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时态代替过去将来时。‎ ‎ He said he wouldn’t go if it rained .‎ ‎（四）动词过去式的规则变化 ‎1) 一般情况下, 在动词原形末尾加-ed ; 如look-looked ‎2) 以不发音字母e结尾的，在词尾加-d, 如 practice-practiced；‎ ‎3) 结尾是“辅音字母+y” 的动词, 变“y”为“i” 再加ed, 如study studied;‎ ‎4) 重读闭音节结尾, 双写动词尾的辅音字母，再加ed, 如stop stopped。‎ 不规则动词表 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 catch caught come came do did draw drew drink drank drive drove eat ate fall fell am is was are were begin begun break broke bring brought build built buy bought can could 动词过去式的记忆口诀 动词一般过去时, 表示过去发生事；be用was或用were, have, has变had；‎ 谓语动词过去式, 过去时间坐标志；一般动词加- ed, 若是特殊得硬记。‎ 否定句很简单, 主语之后didn’t添；疑问句也不难, did放在主语前；‎ 如果谓语之前有did, 谓语动词需还原；动词若是was, were, 否定就把not添。‎ 补充：‎ 一般过去时的用法 ‎　1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。‎ ‎　　 Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？‎ ‎　2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。‎ When I was a child, I often played football in the street. ‎ 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。‎ ‎　　Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.‎ ‎　　 那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。‎ ‎3）句型：1. It is time for sb. to do sth　 "到……时间了" "该……了"。‎ It is time for you to go to bed.　 你该睡觉了。‎ ‎　　 2．It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了""早该……了" ，‎ It is time you went to bed.　　你早该睡觉了。‎ ‎　　 3. would （had） rather sb. did sth.　表示'宁愿某人做某事'。‎ I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。‎ ‎　4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。‎ I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。‎ 注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。‎ 1） 动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。‎ Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？‎ ‎　　 I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。‎ ‎2）情态动词 could, would。‎ Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？‎ Used to / be used to ‎　used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。‎ Mother used not to be so forgetful.　老妈过去没那么健忘。‎ ‎　　 Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。‎ ‎　be used to + doing： 对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。‎ He is used to a vegetarian diet.‎ ‎　　 Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了。‎ 典型例题 ‎　　---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.‎ ‎　　---- It's 69568442.‎ ‎　　 A. didn't　　B. couldn't　C. don't　D. can't 答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。‎ 复合不定代词或副的构成及用法 ‎ 构成：由some, any, no, every分别加上-body, -thing, -one构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；加上-where构成副词。 someone / somebody 某人 something 某事；某物 anyone / anybody 任何人 anything 任何事物 no one / nobody 无人；没有人 everyone / everybody 每人 everything 每一件事物；一切 nothing 没有什么 用法： ‎ ‎（1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语，但不能作定语。 ‎ Nobody will listen to him. He wants something to eat. ‎ ‎ （2）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。 There is nothing wrong with the TV. Everybody likes reading. ‎ ‎（3）some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；‎ any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。‎ 但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。 ‎ Someone is calling me. ‎ There isn’t anyone else there. ‎ Is anybody over there? ‎ Could you give me something to eat? ‎ ‎（4）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。 ‎ There is something delicious on the table. ‎ ‎（5）somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere用作副词。 ‎ Flowers come out everywhere. ‎ ‎(6). anything作“任何事物”,anyone作“任何人”讲时，可用于肯定句，条件句。‎ I can do anything for you. 我可为你做任何事情。Anyone can do this. 任何人都能做这件事。‎ ‎ 注：① 形容词修饰不定代词要后置：anything special ‎ ‎② 不定代词做主语时谓语用单数.‎ 小结：一般过去时 ‎ ‎· 定义 ‎ 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表 示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago等。‎ ‎ I got up at 6:30 yesterday. ‎ ‎ 我昨天6:30起床。‎ ‎ My father was very busy last week. ‎ ‎ 我父亲上周很忙。‎ ‎· 基本结构 ‎1. 肯定句“主语＋动词过去式＋其他”或者“主语＋was／were＋其他”。‎ I played tennis last weekend. ‎ 我上周末打网球了。‎ My school trip was great. ‎ 我的学校郊游棒极了。‎ ‎2. 否定句“主语＋didn’t＋动词原形＋其他”或“主语＋wasn’t／weren’t＋其他”。‎ The girl didn’t play computer games yesterday afternoon. ‎ 这个女孩昨天下午没玩电子游戏。‎ Old Henry wasn’t happy last Friday. ‎ 上星期五老亨利不高兴。‎ ‎3. 一般疑问句“Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？”肯定回答为“Yes，主语＋did”，否定回答为 ‎ “No，主语＋didn’t”或者“Was／Were＋主语＋其他？”肯定回答为“Yes，主语＋was／were”，‎ ‎ 否定回答为“No，主语＋wasn’t／weren’t”。‎ ‎ — Did you go to the beach? ‎ ‎ 你们去海滩了吗？‎ ‎ — Yes, we did.／No, we didn’t. ‎ ‎ 是的，我们去了。／不，我们没有。‎ ‎ — Was your weekend OK? ‎ ‎ 你的周末过得还行吧？‎ ‎ — Yes, it was.／No, it wasn’t. ‎ ‎ 是的，还行。／不，不行。‎ ‎ 4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句（顺序）？‎ ‎ — What did Li Lei do last weekend? ‎ ‎ 李雷上周末干什么了？‎ ‎ — He visited his grandparents. ‎ ‎ 他去看了他的祖父母。‎ ‎ — Where were you yesterday? ‎ ‎ 你昨天在哪儿？‎ ‎ — I was at home. ‎ ‎ 我在家里。‎