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精编国家开放大学电大《现代货币金融学说》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案
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国家开放大学电大《现代货币金融学说》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案 国家开放大学电大《现代货币金融学说》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案 国家开放大学电大《现代货币金融学说》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案 国家开放大学电大《现代货币金融学说》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案 国家开放大学电大《现代货币金融学说》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案 国家开放大学电大《现代货币金融学说》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案 国家开放大学电大《现代货币金融学说》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案 国家开放大学电大《现代货币金融学说》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案 国家开放大学电大《现代货币金融学说》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案 《现代货币金融学说》网络课答案 形考任务1 夏斌:四年货币超发63万亿 超前面59年总量网易财经11月30日讯 由新京报主办的“2014中国青年经济学人”论坛近日在北京召开。国务院参事、国家经济战略研究院院长夏斌表示,我们剧烈的货币投放还在对当下的经济运行带来深刻的影响,如果以货币供应量M2来衡量,我们08年底货币供应量47.5万亿,2013年末110.6万亿,2009年到2013年货币供应高达63万亿,远远超过中国1949年开国以来到08年底59年的货币供应量,这么多的货币供应已经在各个行业、各个领域铺开了数以万计的投资,其中绝大多数项目还在建设中,还没有达到投资回报期。现在当国际需求萎缩,当中国经济增速下行,市场规模缩减、企业销售收入和利润减少,有些企业自然就还不起贷款,或者是本息,必然会产生一部分企业破产倒闭,这是自然的。如果不破产倒闭才是不符合市场经济的常理,同时只要有部分企业破产倒闭,就会开始引起银行对同类项目的谨慎放贷,或者同类企业本身也会减少新的投资,结果全社会的贷款规模会收缩。 其效应在经过企业间上下游连续第发酵和传染,就有可能带来债务紧缩的逻辑性冲击,形成整个经济的内省收缩,产生新一轮企业的生存危机。其实这种状况我们从今年8月份的统计数据已经初步在表明,当时的社会供应和社会融资余额增速几乎没有变,但是工业增加值却降得吓人,已经降到了6.9,外国企业感到日子越来越难过,这种周期现象,这种周期理论指出的曾经有过度的货币供应引起的经济超级繁荣,最终必然是以经济的大增长和危机来收场,这才能开启新一轮的经济循环。 根据以上文字和你的理解,回答:增发货币,利大于弊还是弊大于利? 答:货币超发,弊大于利 贸易确实能增加社会总财富,但增发货币并不能促进贸易,它促进的只是某些领域的贸易(因为社会资源更多的投入了这些领域),而以另一些领域的衰落为代价,总体来说不能带来财富的增加。比如,在不考虑其他因素的情况下,增发货币导致本国货币在国际上处于弱势地位,由此刺激了出口相关行业,却抑制了进口相关行业,此消彼长,很难说是促进了总贸易。商业周期的成因和经济危机的本源吧。你说的对,肯定不是所有企业都能还得了贷款。简单的说,泡沫吹的越大,到时候还不了贷款的企业就越多,泡沫破裂的时候响声也就越大。 通胀预期理论认为,从长期来看,人们认识到了通胀以后,就对它有预期,会修正自己的薪金需求,投资回报要求等等,同样企业也会修正它们的定价,银行修正借贷利息,因此通胀前期形成的劳动实际价格低,回报大的局面不复存在,所以失业率恢复到正常形态下,GDP增长率也恢复正常数值。 形考任务2 第一章 1936年以前的西方金融理论-章节测验 一、单选题(共7道,每题5分)题目1 在直接影响物价水平的诸多因素当中,费雪认为最主要的一个因素是( )。 选择一项:A. 存款通货的数量 B. 存款通货的流通速度 C. 货币的流通速度 D. 货币的数量 题目2 提出累积过程理论的经济学家是( )。 选择一项:A. 马歇尔 B. 庞巴维克 C. 西尼尔 D. 维克塞尔 题目3 关于费雪方程式,下列正确的是( )。 选择一项:A. 货币数量并不总是与物价同比例变动 B. 货币数量不会对方程式中其他因素产生影响 C. 物价水平受其他因素影响也影响其他因素 D. 货币数量与物价同比例变动 题目4 信用媒介论的主要代表人物是( )。 选择一项:A. 费雪 B. 李嘉图 C. 亚当·斯密 D. 马歇尔 题目5 新剑桥学派认为在通货膨胀的传导过程中主要的传送带是( )。 选择一项:A. 利率 B. 信贷量 C. 货币工资率 D. 失业率 题目6 新剑桥学派在诸多经济政策中把( )放在首要地位。 选择一项:A. 收入政策 B. 金融政策 C. 社会政策 D. 财政政策 题目7 关于经济周期,维克塞尔认为( )。 选择一项:A. 政府最好不干预经济 B. 市场利率与自然利率不一致造成经济波动 C. 只有新产金不断流入金库银行才能持续压低货币利率 D. 银行不可任意变动利率 二、多选题(共7道,每题5分)题目8 属于近代货币数量说代表的经济学家是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 洛克 B. 甘末尔 C. 托马斯 D. 费雪 E. 李嘉图 题目9 关于费雪方程式,下列正确的是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 物价与货币流通数量成反比 B. 物价与货币流通数量成正比 C. 物价与货币流通速度成反比 D. 物价与商品量成反比 E. 物价与货币流通速度成正比 题目10 按剑桥方程式,下列正确的是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 现金余额增加,物价下跌 B. 现金余额增加,货币流通速度就加快 C. 现金余额增加,物价上涨 D. 现金余额增加,物价是否变化取决于货币数量是否变化 E. 现金余额增加,货币流通速度就减慢 题目11 .关于现金余额数量说,下列正确的是( )选择一项或多项:A. 从持币机会成本的角度,发展为货币需求决定理论 B. 从货币作为一种资产的角度,发展为货币需求分类理论 C. 从货币供求相互关系的角度,发展为货币供求均衡理论 D. 从货币对其持有者效用的角度,发展为一种货币需求动机理论 E. 它是现代货币需求理论的先驱 题目12 按新古典学派的均衡利息论,下列正确的是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 利率变动能使储蓄与投资趋于平衡 B. 储蓄与利率是正函数关系 C. 投资与利率是正函数关系 D. 投资与利率是反函数关系 E. 储蓄与利率是反函数关系 题目13 维克塞尔认为()选择一项或多项:A. 如果使货币中立,就对经济无影响 B. 如果使货币中立,能促使经济保持均衡 C. 货币和经济融为一体 D. 货币对经济有主动的影响 E. 货币是面纱 题目14 费雪认为下列哪些因素直接影响物价水平:( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 存款通货的流通速度 B. 存款通货的数量 C. 货币的流通速度 D. 商品交易的数量 E. 货币的数量 三、判断题(共5道,每题6分)题目15 费雪的交易方程式区分了通货和货币两个概念。( )选择一项:对 错 题目16 庇古的剑桥方程式强调货币的储藏手段职能。 ( )选择一项:对 错 题目17 货币金属观认为生产只是创造财富的前提,流通才是财富的直接来源。( )选择一项:对 错 题目18 “节欲论”把利息看成是货币所有者为积累资本放弃当前消费而节欲的报酬。( )选择一项:对 错 题目19 “时差利息论”把利息看成是人们对商品在不同时期的不同评价而产生的价值差异。( )选择一项:对 错 第二章 凯恩斯的货币金融学说-章节测验 一、单选题(每题5分,共8题,共40分)题目1 凯恩斯认为( )是变动货币供应量最主要的方法。 选择一项:A. 财政透支 B. 法定存款准备金率 C. 公开市场业务 D. 再贴现 题目2 凯恩斯认为与现行利率变动方向相反的是货币的( )需求。 选择一项:A. 所有 B. 投机 C. 交易 D. 预防 题目3 凯恩斯认为货币交易需求的大小主要取决于( )。 选择一项:A. 心理 B. 利率 C. 财富 D. 收入 题目4 凯恩斯认为在资本主义社会,储蓄与投资的主要关系是( )。 选择一项:A. 储蓄大于投资 B. 不确定 C. 储蓄小于投资 D. 储蓄与投资一致 题目5 按凯恩斯的理论,下列正确的是( )。 选择一项:A. 高利率会提高储蓄 B. 高利率是有效需求不足的重要因素 C. 高利率可以促进消费 D. 高利率会提高收入 题目6 按凯恩斯的理论,货币数量变动首先影响的是( )。 选择一项:A. 物价 B. 货币流通速度 C. 实际贮藏的数量 D. 利率 题目7 凯恩斯认为有效需求的价格弹性( )。 选择一项:A. 小于0 B. 大于1 C. 小于1 D. 等于1 题目8 按凯恩斯的理论,除了膨胀性的货币政策,主要靠( )支持赤字财政政策。 选择一项:A. 减少补贴 B. 增加税收 C. 向中央银行借款 D. 发行公债 二、多选题(每题2分,共10题,共20分)题目9 凯恩斯认为在( )等因素的作用下,投资需求不足。 选择一项或多项:A. 资本边际效率递减 B. 边际储蓄倾向递减 C. 流动性陷阱 D. 流动偏好 E. 边际消费倾向递减 题目10 凯恩斯认为利率取决于( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 货币数量 B. 流动偏好 C. 消费 D. 投资 E. 储蓄 题目11 凯恩斯认为货币的交易需求和预防需求主要受( )影响。 选择一项或多项:A. 收入水平 B. 经济发展状况 C. 物价水平 D. 个人财富 E. 货币数量 题目12 凯恩斯认为经济体系中的决定因素有( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 储蓄 B. 利率 C. 资本边际效率 D. 投资 E. 消费倾向 题目13 凯恩斯认为在货币量变动时影响物价弹性的因素有( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 有效需求 B. 生产要素的差异 C. 生产报酬 D. 生产资源 E. 工资状况 题目14 凯恩斯认为刺激经济增长主要依靠( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 汇率政策 B. 膨胀性的货币政策 C. 弹性的工资政策 D. 赤字财政政策 E. 稳健的货币政策 题目15 当出现利率刚性时,主要政策措施有( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 紧缩性的货币政策 B. 扩张性的货币政策 C. 奖出限入的外贸政策 D. 扩张性的财政政策 E. 紧缩性的财政政策 题目16 凯恩斯认为可能引起货币量-物价传导机制栓塞的因素主要有( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 生产资源的供给弹性 B. 投资乘数 C. 投资的替代弹性 D. 流动性陷阱 E. 投资的利率弹性 题目17 按凯恩斯的理论,下列正确的是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 货币需求不变,增加货币供应,则投资增加 B. 货币需求上升,如不增加货币供应,则投资减少 C. 货币需求上升,如不增加货币供应,则投资增加 D. 货币供应量变动首先影响的是利率 E. 货币需求不变,增加货币供应,则投资减少 题目18 按凯恩斯的理论,下列正确的是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 地租影响产品价格 B. 一般物价水平取决于工资单位和就业量 C. 利息影响产品价格 D. 生产规模影响产品价格 E. 工资影响产品价格 三、判断题(每题5分,共8题,共40分)题目19 凯恩斯就业理论的逻辑起点是货币需求三动机原理。()选择一项:对 错 题目20 凯恩斯认为货币具有周转灵活性的特征,但保藏费用过高。()选择一项:对 错 题目21 凯恩斯认为利率对货币交易需求和预防需求的影响很小。()选择一项:对 错 题目22 凯恩斯认为货币的预防动机主要受心理因素影响。( )选择一项:对 错 题目23 凯恩斯认为储蓄和贮钱是不同的两个概念。( )选择一项:对 错 题目24 凯恩斯认为利息是储蓄的报酬。( )选择一项:对 错 题目25 凯恩斯认为物价与货币数量同比例增加。( )选择一项:对 错 题目26 凯恩斯认为货币供应是中央银行控制的外生变量。( )选择一项:对 错 第三章 新剑桥学派的货币金融学说-章节测验 单项选择题 题目1 文特劳布认为货币需求的产出流量动机由( )决定。 选择一项:A. 资本所有者的行为 B. 居民的行为 C. 劳动者的行为 D. 企业的行为 题目2 文特劳布认为当货币向商业性流通转移时影响的是( )。 选择一项:A. 货币量 B. 汇率 C. 物价 D. 利率 题目3 文特劳布的货币需求七动机中凯恩斯没有分析过的是( )。 选择一项:A. 政府需求扩张动机 B. 金融流量动机 C. 产出流量动机 D. 弥补通货膨胀损失的动机 题目4 新剑桥学派认为借贷资金供给曲线与利率呈( )变动关系。 选择一项:A. 反向 B. 不规则 C. 同向 D. 不相关 题目5 新剑桥学派认为在通货膨胀的传导过程中主要的传送带是( )。 选择一项:A. 货币工资率 B. 失业率 C. 利率 D. 信贷量 题目6 新剑桥学派在诸多经济政策中把( )放在首要地位。 选择一项:A. 收入政策 B. 金融政策 C. 财政政策 D. 社会政策 多项选择题 题目7 新剑桥学派提出因所有制和历史因素造成的国民收入在社会上各阶级之间的分配失调是资本主义的病根所在。( )选择一项或多项:A. 还款和资本化融资动机 B. 产出流量动机 C. 预防和投机动机 D. 货币—工资动机 E. 金融流量动机 题目8 新剑桥学派认为借贷资金的需求主要来源于( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 新增的窖藏现金量 B. 当前储蓄 C. 当前投资 D. 出售固定资产的收入 E. 固定资产的重置与更新 题目9 新剑桥学派认为采用紧缩货币、压低就业量的政策的结果是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 降低了物价 B. 压低了就业 C. 提高了利率 D. 刺激了经济增长 E. 减少了投资 题目10 新剑桥学派在经济理论上的突出特点是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 特别重视收入分配问题 B. 在分析方法上采用历史观 C. 特别重视物价问题 D. 特别重视货币问题 E. 在分析方法上采用均衡观 题目11 新剑桥学派认为中央银行控制货币供应量的能力有限,因为( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 存在非银行金融机构 B. 货币供应量是内生变量 C. 票据流通可以增加货币供应 D. 银行体系会想方设法逃避中央银行控制 E. 中央银行不独立于政府 判断题 题目12 新剑桥学派提出因所有制和历史因素造成的国民收入在社会上各阶级之间的分配失调是资本主义的病根所在。( )选择一项:对 错 题目13 文特劳布认为货币在商业性流通和金融性流通之间发生转移会影响两个市场的价格。( )选择一项:对 错 题目14 文特劳布认为权力性货币需求形成财政性货币流通。( )选择一项:对 错 题目15 新剑桥学派认为出售固定资产的收入形成当前储蓄。( )选择一项:对 错 题目16 按资金借贷论的观点,市场利率是实物市场和货币市场均衡时的利率。( )选择一项:对 错 题目17 新剑桥学派认为货币工资、直接成本、物价的螺旋上升是通货膨胀持续存在的主要原因。()选择一项:对 错 题目18 新剑桥学派认为通货膨胀有利于经济力量强大的集团。( )选择一项:对 错 题目19 新剑桥学派认为通货膨胀容易形成外贸逆差。( )选择一项:对 错 题目20 新剑桥学派认为在实施社会政策的手段上,财政手段和金融手段同等重要。( )选择一项:对 错 第四章 新古典综合学派的货币金融学说-章节测验 一、单选题(每题4分,共24分)题目1 乘数的概念最早由( )提出。 选择一项:A. 卡恩 B. 凯恩斯 C. 汉森 D. 索洛 题目2 托宾认为货币投机需求与利率之间存在( )关系。 选择一项:A. 不确定 B. 相等 C. 反向变动 D. 同向变动 题目3 平方根定律认为当利率上升时,现金存货余额( )。 选择一项:A. 不确定 B. 上升 C. 不变 D. 下降 题目4 在凯恩斯区域,政府主要通过( )达到目标。 选择一项:A. 货币政策 B. 物价政策 C. 收入政策 D. 财政政策 题目5 债券的违约风险与利率是( )变动的。 选择一项:A. 同步 B. 不确定 C. 同方向 D. 反方向 题目6 根据储蓄生命周期理论,储蓄主要取决于( )。 选择一项:A. 终生收入 B. 收入 C. 当前收入 D. 利率 二、多选题(每题4分,共20分)题目7 “新古典综合”主要是( )的结合。 选择一项或多项:A. 维克塞尔的累积过程理论 B. 凯恩斯的宏观经济理论 C. 新剑桥学派理论 D. 新古典学派的微观理论 E. 新凯恩斯主义经济学派理论 题目8 惠伦认为决定预防性货币需求的因素是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 持币成本 B. 收入状况 C. 社会保障体系 D. 人们的心理 E. 支出状况 题目9 新古典综合派的复杂货币乘数模型里( )对货币供应量起决定性作用。 选择一项或多项:A. 商业银行的经营决策 B. 利率的变化 C. 公众对各种金融资产的偏好程度 D. 收入水平的变化 E. 中央银行政策 题目10 根据生命周期理论,影响个人储蓄行为的因素主要有( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 家庭规模 B. 工作期和退休期的长短 C. 个人收入的生命周期 D. 流动性抑制 E. 对将来的考虑 题目11 新古典综合派提出的抑制通货膨胀的政策主张主要有( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 汇率政策 B. 货币政策 C. 收入政策 D. 人力政策 E. 财政政策 三、判断题(每题4分,共36分)题目12 鲍莫尔认为在企业最适度现金余额的决定中,有着规模经济的规律在起作用。( )选择一项:对 错 题目13 惠伦认为非流动性成本比较高。( )选择一项:对 错 题目14 传统的货币供给理论认为只有商业银行才能创造存款货币。( )选择一项:对 错 题目15 资产组合理论认为风险和收益是同方向变化、同步消长的。( )选择一项:对 错 题目16 新古典综合派认为财政政策和货币政策的配合必须是同方向的。( )选择一项:对 错 题目17 当利率和收入水平都很低时,货币政策效果不大。 ( )选择一项:对 错 题目18 根据储蓄生命周期理论,一个国家的储蓄率完全与它的人均收入无关。( )选择一项:对 错 题目19 纯预期理论把当前对未来利率的预期作为决定未来利率期限结构的关键因素。( )选择一项:对 错 题目20 国家债券利率和企业债券利率之间的差额不仅反映了违约风险,还反映了流动性风险。( )选择一项:对 错 第五章 新凯恩斯主义经济学派的货币金融学说-章节测验 一、单选题(每小题4分,共5道题,共20分)题目1 新凯恩斯主义学派以()弥补原凯恩斯主义的缺陷。 选择一项:A. 从微观角度说明宏观经济政策 B. 从微观角度解释微观主体行为 C. 从宏观角度说明微观主体行为 D. 从宏观角度解释宏观经济政策 题目2 新凯恩斯主义学派认为在不完全的信贷市场上,可以利用()作为检测机制。 选择一项:A. 利率的选择效应 B. 利率的激励效应 C. 利率的反向选择效应 D. 利率的正向选择效应 题目3 按效率工资论,下列正确的是()。 选择一项:A. 提高工资水平,不一定会提高平均效率 B. 工资水平只要不为零,总能雇佣到一定数量的工人 C. 降低工资水平,不一定会降低平均效率 D. 工资增加对平均效率的影响是递减的 题目4 不完全信息的信贷市场通常是在( )的作用下达到均衡。 选择一项:A. 利率和配给 B. 政府干预 C. 利率 D. 利率和政府干预 题目5 关于失业滞后论,下列正确的是()。 选择一项:A. 当经济中没有货币冲击时,经济会回归到固有的均衡就业水平 B. 当企业追求利润最大化的经济行为下,市场会出现非自愿失业 C. 强调企业在就业中的力量 D. 当失业存在,企业会用低工资失业工人来替代高工资就业工人 二、多选题(每小题4分,共5道题,共20分)题目6 解释工资粘性的是()。 选择一项或多项:A. 效率工资论 B. 交错价格调整论 C. 菜单成本说 D. 合同的交错签订 E. 集体谈判理论 题目7 解释价格粘性的是()。 选择一项或多项:A. 效率工资论 B. 集体谈判理论 C. 合同的交错签订 D. 菜单成本说 E. 交错价格调整论 题目8 按交错合同论,下列正确的是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 一个社会中所有的劳动合同交错签订 B. 交错合同使货币非中性 C. 中央银行调整货币量时所有工人的工资都要调整 D. 一个社会中所有的定货合同交错签订 E. 中央银行调整货币量会影响所有的实际工资 题目9 按新凯恩斯学派利率理论,下列正确的是()。 选择一项或多项:A. 造成资源配置失调 B. 理性的银行一定按市场利率贷款 C. 当资金需求大于供给时,市场利率高于银行最优利率 D. 当资金需求大于供给时,市场利率等于银行最优利率 E. 当资金需求大于供给时,市场利率低于银行最优利率 题目10 关于新凯恩斯主义的信贷政策主张,下列正确的是()。 选择一项或多项:A. 在政府担保的情况下,市场利率变为无风险利率 B. 政府可以提供小额信贷补贴,以降低市场利率 C. 政府应该干预信贷市场,以实现市场效率最优 D. 在政府担保的情况下,市场利率变为无风险利率 E. 政府不应干涉信贷市场,而是通过信贷配给达到市场均衡 三、判断题(每小题4分,共5道题,共20分)题目11 新凯恩斯主义经济学派的主要贡献在于力图为原凯恩斯主义的宏观经济政策补充宏观理论基础。()选择一项:对 错 题目12 银行最优利率就是信贷市场出清时的均衡利率。()选择一项:对 错 题目13 信贷市场出现配给,是国家干预的产物。()选择一项:对 错 题目14 按新凯恩斯主义学派的观点,中央银行货币政策的重心不应唯一定位在利率指标上。( )选择一项:对 错 题目15 新凯恩斯学派认为当实际就业率偏离均衡就业率时,市场机制不会驱动就业率再回到均衡就业时的水平。( )选择一项:对 错 第六章 哈耶克的货币金融学说-章节测验 一、单选题(每小题6分,共5道题,共30分)题目1 被新奥国学派、伦敦学派、芝加哥学派、弗莱堡学派推为代表人物的经济学家是( )。 选择一项:A. 哈耶克 B. 萨缪尔森 C. 弗里德曼 D. 凯恩斯 题目2 关于中立货币的条件,下列正确的是( )。 选择一项:A. 哈耶克认为保持货币中立的条件是货币供应的总流量不变 B. 哈耶克认为保持货币中立的条件是市场利率与自然利率相等 C. 哈耶克与维克塞尔在这方面是一致的 D. 哈耶克认为变动货币供应量若对一般物价没有影响,则对商品相对价格没有影响 题目3 哈耶克认为货币制度改革的最好办法是( )。 选择一项:A. 中央银行独立于政府 B. 统一区域货币 C. 金本位 D. 由私人银行发行货币 题目4 哈耶克认为通货膨胀最严重的后果是( )。 选择一项:A. 市场机制破坏 B. 物价上涨 C. 社会动荡 D. 人心不安 题目5 哈耶克认为根治通货膨胀的措施是( )。 选择一项:A. 放任不管直到经济瓦解 B. 对工资和物价加以管制 C. 促进出口 D. 停止货币数量增长 二、单选题(每小题6分,共5道题,共30分)题目6 哈耶克认为静态的均衡经济是以下比例的相等( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 用于购买消费品的货币量和购买资本品的货币量的比例 B. 消费品需求量和资本品需求量的比例 C. 货币供应量和货币需求量的比例 D. 投资和储蓄的比例 E. 周期内所生产的消费品量与资本量的比例 题目7 关于经济危机,下列正确的是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 凯恩斯认为原因在于需求不足 B. 哈耶克认为原因在于资本供给不足 C. 凯恩斯认为解决办法是采用膨胀性的财政货币政策 D. 哈耶克认为解决办法是采用紧缩性的货币政策 E. 哈耶克认为在危机阶段也要无为而治 题目8 哈耶克认为货币的具体用途有( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 一般等价物 B. 用于购买 C. 作为储备 D. 核算单位 E. 延期支付的标准 题目9 哈耶克认为通货膨胀的后果表现在( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 造成资源配置失调 B. 扰乱工资体系 C. 错误引导劳工 D. 破坏市场机制 E. 经常引发政治动乱甚至革命 题目10 关于哈耶克的通货膨胀理论,下列正确的是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 可以通过通货膨胀解决失业问题 B. 通货膨胀是失业增加的原因 C. 通货膨胀是失业的结果 D. 失业可以加剧通货膨胀 E. 劳工在部门之间的转移可以缓解失业矛盾 三、判断题(每小题5分,共8道题,共40分)题目11 哈耶克同意弗里德曼在货币数量论基础上提出的单一规则。( )选择一项:对 错 题目12 哈耶克不同意弗莱堡学派主张的社会市场经济模式。( )选择一项:对 错 题目13 哈耶克反对通过减税的办法刺激供给。( )选择一项:对 错 题目14 在人们处于强迫性节约的状态下,经济不能维持均衡。( )选择一项:对 错 题目15 哈耶克认为按人们的自愿储蓄扩张生产,如果生产结构发生变化则经济均衡的稳定趋势将改变。( )选择一项:对 错 题目16 哈耶克认为对于通货来说最重要的是由谁来发行。( )选择一项:对 错 题目17 哈耶克认为成本推动并不能造成通货膨胀。( )选择一项:对 错 题目18 哈耶克的货币非国家化设想只会是一种幻想。( )选择一项:对 错 形考任务3 中国经济网北京2月29日讯 中国人民银行决定,自2016年3月1日起,普遍下调金融机构人民币存款准备金率0.5个百分点,以保持金融体系流动性合理充裕,引导货币信贷平稳适度增长,为供给侧结构性改革营造适宜的货币金融环境。 对此,多名专家、学者进行解读。有分析称,预测释放流动性7000亿左右,对股市形成正面维稳作用,未来还有降准降息预期,有利于市场最终在2638点附近形成双底,推动3月大逆转行情。另有专家表示,降准是重大利好消息,有利于稳定股市、楼市,利于货币宽松政策的持续。 【作业要求】 根据以上文字和你的理解,回答:货币政策的目标是什么?应如何来确定适合一国经济发展的货币政策目标?(回答不少于300字。)答:货币政策是指政府或中央银行为影响经济活动所采取的措施,尤指控制货币供给以及调控利率的各项措施。用以达到特定或维持政策目标——比如,抑制通胀、实现完全就业或经济增长。包括信贷政策、利率政策和外汇政策。 根据对总产出的影响方面,可把货币政策分为两类:扩张性货币政策(积极货币政策)和紧缩性货币政策(稳健货币政策)。在经济萧条时,中央银行采取措施降低利率,由此引起货币供给增加,刺激投资和净出口,增加总需求,称为扩张性货币政策。反之,经济过热、通货膨胀率太高时,中央银行采取一系列措施减少货币供给,以提高利率、抑制投资和消费,使总产出减少或放慢增长速度,使物价水平控制在合理水平,称为紧缩性货币政策。 存款准备金: 存款准备金是指金融机构为保证客户提取存款和资金清算需要而准备的在中央银行的存款,中央银行要求的存款准备金占其存款总额的比例就是存款准备金率。 这一部分是一个风险准备金,是不能够用于发放贷款的。这个比例越高,执行的紧缩政策力度越大。 最简单的说,就是各家银行需要交给人民银行保管的一部分押金,用以保证将来居民的提款,而如果押金交的比以前多了,那么银行可以用于自己往外贷款的资金就减少了。 形考任务4 第七章 弗莱堡学派-章节测验 一、单选题(每小题2分,共6道题,共18分)题目1 弗莱堡学派认为,最为理想的社会发展道路是()。 选择一项:A. 自由放任的市场经济 B. 社会市场经济模式 C. 计划经济 D. 社会主义市场经济 题目2 弗莱堡学派认为,对于整个社会而言最优的筹资方式是()。 选择一项:A. 发行债券 B. 银行贷款 C. 发行人民股票 D. 增发货币 题目3 在弗莱堡学派看来,确定货币供应增长率的主要依据是()。 选择一项:A. 潜在的社会生产能力增长率 B. 已实现的社会生产能力增长率 C. 预期的社会生产能力增长率 D. 当年可能的社会生产能力增长率 题目4 弗莱堡学派认为,最适合作为中央银行货币供应控制指标是()。 选择一项:A. 现金 B. M1 C. M2 D. M3 题目5 根据弗莱堡学派的观点,中央银行货币政策的目标应该是()。 选择一项:A. 经济增长 B. 充分就业 C. 稳定货币 D. 国际收支平衡 题目6 弗莱堡学派认为,进行金融控制的首要任务是()。 选择一项:A. 防范金融风险 B. 实现公布的货币供应目标 C. 规范金融业的竞争 D. 增强政府的宏观经济调控能力 二、多选题(每小题2分,共11道题,共33分)题目7 弗莱堡学派认为,在社会市场经济秩序下,可取的筹集资金的方式主要有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 通过银行信贷筹集资金 B. 提高物价的方法筹集资金 C. 政府增发货币 D. 政府增加税收 E. 发行有价证券筹集资金 题目8 下面关于弗莱堡学派货币供应原则的论述,正确的有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 货币供应的总原则是为经济发展提供足够多的货币 B. 货币供应的总原则是保证币值稳定 C. 从理论上来说,实行“商品本位制”是确保币值稳定的最佳方案 D. 货币供应的一条具体原则是保持商品追逐货币,因此,要尽量减少货币量 E. 货币供应的一条具体原则是货币供应与社会生产能力相适应 题目9 在弗莱堡学派的理论当中,中央银行货币量是货币政策的重要控制指标,它包括()。 选择一项或多项:A. 非银行部门的现金总量 B. 现金总量 C. 超额存款准备金 D. 法定存款准备金 E. 银行持有的短期国债 题目10 弗莱堡学派认为,金融控制的重点应该在货币供应上,包括()。 选择一项或多项:A. 金融资产总规模 B. 货币供应量 C. 通货 D. 信贷总额 E. 利率水平 题目11 在弗莱堡学派对货币层次的划分当中,M2包括()。 选择一项或多项:A. 现金 B. 外币存款 C. 国内储蓄存款 D. 国内银行机构的活期存款 E. 四年以下国内银行机构的定期存款 题目12 根据弗莱堡学派,金融控制中利率手段的主要对象是()。 选择一项或多项:A. 再贴现率 B. 贷款利率 C. 短期放款利率 D. 同业拆借利率 E. 证券回购协议利率 题目13 弗莱堡学派认为,在确定合适的货币供应增长率时,应该考虑的因素主要有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 已实现的社会生产能力增长率 B. 当年可能的社会生产能力增长率 C. 潜在社会生产能力增长率 D. 预期的社会生产能力增长率 E. 可承受的通货膨胀(紧缩)率 题目14 弗莱堡学派金融控制的流动性手段主要包括()。 选择一项或多项:A. 调整法定准备金率 B. 改变再贴现的最高限额 C. 直接信用控制 D. 调整证券回购协议利率 E. 公开市场操作 题目15 弗莱堡学派认为,人民股票这种筹资方式的优越性体现在()。 选择一项或多项:A. 购买人民股票是个人的最优储蓄形式 B. 对于企业而言,发行人民股票可以降低筹资成本 C. 企业发行人民股票可以改善劳资关系 D. 通过发行人民股票,可以顺利实现国有企业私有化和财富的公平分配 E. 发行人民股票是筹集国家资金的有效手段 三、判断题(每小题2分,共12道题,共36分)题目16 相对于哈耶克,弗莱堡学派的经济学家更相信政府应该在市场经济中发挥积极的作用。 选择一项:对 错 题目17 弗莱堡学派认为,在社会市场经济中,三种主要的筹资方式有:通过自由市场筹集资金、通过提高物价的办法筹集资金、政府通过增发货币和增加税收的方法筹集资金,这三种方法都是可取的。 选择一项:对 错 题目18 弗莱堡学派认为,货币稳定是社会市场经济正常运转的前提条件。 选择一项:对 错 题目19 在弗莱堡学派看来,只有稳定币值才能稳定物价、稳定市场、稳定经济,所以要稳定币值就应该严格控制货币供应量的增长,将其控制在最低限度。 选择一项:对 错 题目20 “商品货币本位制”作为弗莱堡学派的一个重要的理论观点,其现实应用性为所有的弗莱堡学派经济学家所认同。 选择一项:对 错 题目21 弗莱堡学派认为,由于货币稳定和物价稳定是密切相关的,因此,可以通过控制物价的方法来达到稳定货币的目的。 选择一项:对 错 题目22 在通货膨胀和经济增长的关系上,弗莱堡学派反对凯恩斯主义关于以通货膨胀刺激经济增长的主张。 选择一项:对 错 题目23 弗莱堡学派认为,稳定币值是货币政策的首要目标,因此,在确定货币供应增长率时,在潜在的社会生产能力增长率的基础上加上可承受的通货膨胀率是不可取的做法,因为这样有纵容通货膨胀之嫌。 选择一项:对 错 题目24 弗莱堡学派认为,在确定货币供应的增长率时,应当以当年可能的社会生产能力的增长率为主要依据。 选择一项:对 错 题目25 弗莱堡认为,金融控制的重点应该放在信贷规模上面。 选择一项:对 错 第八章 瑞典学派的货币金融学说-章节测验 一、单选题(每小题2分,共11道题,共22分)题目1 瑞典学派认为,政府为增加公共开支筹资的最佳渠道是()。 选择一项:A. 发行国债 B. 通货膨胀 C. 增加税收 D. 发行货币 题目2 在信奉经济自由主义的经济学派当中,主张用利率作为货币政策中介指标的学派是( )。 选择一项:A. 弗莱堡学派 B. 瑞典学派 C. 供给学派 D. 合理预期学派 题目3 北欧学派关于开放型小国通货膨胀的研究着重考察的是()因素。 选择一项:A. 结构方面 B. 需求方面 C. 供给方面 D. 货币方面 题目4 瑞典学派货币金融理论的最大特点在于,( )始终是该学派理论分析的核心。 选择一项:A. 利率 B. 货币供应量 C. 汇率 D. 税率 题目5 在北欧模型中,一般来说不属于开放经济部门的行业是( )。 选择一项:A. 运输业 B. 农业 C. 建筑业 D. 制造业 题目6 瑞典学派针对开放型经济小国通货膨胀的特征,提出的主要治理对策是( )。 选择一项:A. 限制收入增长 B. 实行全盘指数化 C. 实行单一规则 D. 扩大生产规模 题目7 在北欧模型中,不直接影响开放型经济小国通货膨胀率的因素是()。 选择一项:A. 非开放部门通货膨胀率 B. 非开放部门劳动生产率增长率 C. 开放部门劳动生产率增长率 D. 世界市场通货膨胀率 题目8 瑞典学派货币金融学说的主要研究对象是()。 选择一项:A. 封闭经济的大型国家 B. 开放经济的小型国家 C. 开放经济的大型国家 D. 封闭经济的小型国家 题目9 属于瑞典学派的通货膨胀理论是()。 选择一项:A. 预期通货膨胀理论 B. 全球通货膨胀理论 C. 需求拉动型通货膨胀理论币 D. 成本推动型通货膨胀理论 题目10 在物价的影响因素上,瑞典学派认为( )。 选择一项:A. 物价的波动与利率的变化密切相关 B. 货币供应量的变化会直接导致物价变动 C. 利率对物价的影响是直接的,不需要经过中间的传导过程的 D. 利率的变动能迅速的反映到物价的变动上 二、多选题(每小题3分,共10道题,共30分)题目11 根据北欧模型,决定经济开放型小国通货膨胀率的主要因素有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 本国开放部门劳动生产率增长率 B. 本国非开放部门劳动生产率增长率 C. 本国三大产业之间的结构 D. 本国开放部门与非开放部门之间的结构 E. 世界通货膨胀率 题目12 瑞典学派认为,利率要对物价产生影响,其前提条件是()。 选择一项或多项:A. 合理预期的存在 B. 货币流量不变 C. 失业率等于自然失业率 D. 人们预期的滞后性和不完全性 E. 存在着闲置或同质的生产资源 题目13 根据瑞典学派的理论,通货膨胀的国际传递途径主要有( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 预期传递 B. 需求传递 C. 货币传递 D. 部门传递 E. 价格传递 题目14 对于一个经济开放型小国来说,治理通货膨胀的有效方法是()。 选择一项或多项:A. 重视人力政策 B. 实行“单一规则”,控制货币供应量 C. 实行全盘指数化经济政策 D. 限制非开放部门的发展,鼓励开放部门经济发展 E. 采取限制工资增长率的收入政策 题目15 导致全球通货膨胀的因素是多方面的,瑞典学派认为,这些因素主要包括()。 选择一项或多项:A. 各国资源利用状况 B. 全球货币存量 C. 公众的心理预期 D. 产品和劳务的需求组合 E. 成本推动因素 题目16 根据瑞典学派的利率理论,金融机构对利率变动的反应主要体现在下面哪些方面。()选择一项或多项:A. 资产调整反应 B. 替代反应 C. 期待反应 D. 流动性反应 E. 财富反应 题目17 下面关于瑞典学派利率理论的论述,错误的是()。 选择一项或多项:A. 利率对一国经济的开放部门和非开放部门都有重要影响 B. 利率对物价的影响不是直达的,它需要一个相对复杂的传导过程 C. 货币政策的重点不应该是利率,而是货币供应量 D. 传统利率理论的一个重大缺陷是忽略了利率对金融机构的影响 E. 利率的变化能够直接影响物价水平 题目18 利率在货币政策中重要作用的经济学派有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 瑞典学派 B. 弗莱堡学派 C. 凯恩斯学派 D. 合理预期学派 E. 货币学派 三、判断题(每小题3分,共8道题,共24分)题目19 瑞典学派的主要研究对象是开放型的经济大国。( )选择一项:对 错 题目20 瑞典学派认为,货币政策的重点应该放在对利率的调节上,通过调节利率来影响国民经济的运行。()选择一项:对 错 题目21 物价的影响因素上,瑞典学派同货币学派一样,认为物价的波动是与货币量直接相连的。()选择一项:对 错 题目22 凯恩斯学派一样,瑞典学派认为,居民的储蓄主要受可支配收入的影响,而与利率水平的高低没有太直接的关系。( )选择一项:对 错 题目23 瑞典学派认为,利率对国际经济活动的影响主要体现在资本的输出输入上,而它对进出口的影响则不那么明显。()选择一项:对 错 题目24 瑞典学派利率理论区别于以往利率理论的一个明显特征是:它不仅重视借款人和储蓄人对利率的反应,还着重分析了利率对金融机构行为的影响。()选择一项:对 错 题目25 瑞典学派认为,在浮动汇率制度下,通货膨胀的国际传递有价格传递、部门传递、需求传递、货币传递和预期传递等五种主要的途径。()选择一项:对 错 题目26 在瑞典学派的利率理论中,说明金融机构利率弹性的出发点是政府债券利率和企业贷款利率之间的不一致性。()选择一项:对 错 第九章 货币学派的货币金融学说-章节测验 一、单选题(每小题2分,共10道题,共20分)题目1 货币学派的理论基础是()。 选择一项:A. 货币面纱说 B. 萨伊定律 C. 货币面纱说 D. 货币数量说 题目2 弗里德曼认为,在选择合适的货币层次来充当货币政策中介指标时,最优的选择应该是()。 选择一项:A. M3 B. M0 C. M1 D. M2 题目3 货币学派认为,影响货币总需求的主要因素是()。 选择一项:A. 只有利率 B. 流动性偏好 C. 收入和利率 D. 只有收入 题目4 弗里德曼的货币需求函数强调的是()。 选择一项:A. 汇率的主导作用 B. 人力资本的影响 C. 利率的主导作用 D. 永恒收入的影响 题目5 弗里德曼的货币需求函数式是()选择一项:A. Md/P=f(Yp,W;rm,rb,re,1/p*dp/dt;U) B. Md=L1(y)+L2(i)C. M′d'=n'+p'+v' D. PT/V=Md 题目6 货币学派由稳定的货币需求函数推导出,货币政策应该是()。 选择一项:A. 单一规则 B. 适度从宽 C. 相机抉择 D. 适度从紧 题目7 在弗里德曼的货币需求函数中,与货币需求呈同方向变动关系的是()。 选择一项:A. 人力财富占总财富的比重 B. 永恒收入 C. 预期的商品价格变动率 D. 预期的固定收益报酬率 题目8 弗里德曼的货币需求函数 M/P=f(Y,W;rm,rb,re,1/p*dp/dt;U)中,Y代表( )。 选择一项:A. 流动性效用 B. 机会成本 C. 永恒收入 D. 物价变动率 题目9 货币学派认为,货币政策中介指标应该是()。 选择一项:A. 基础货币 B. 汇率 C. 货币供应量 D. 利率 题目10 下面关于货币学派货币供应理论的论述,错误的是()。 选择一项:A. 中央银行对货币供应的控制力很弱 B. 中央银行改变货币供应量通常是通过改变高能货币的数量来实现 C. 货币供应量是个外生变量 D. 商业银行和公众的行为选择对货币供应量有一定的影响 二、多选题(每小题3分,共8道题,共24分)题目11 下面关于货币学派的理论及政策主张的论述,正确的是()。 选择一项或多项:A. 无论是在短期还是在长期,货币都是中性的 B. 温和的通货膨胀可以长期对经济增长发挥促进作用 C. 货币供求失衡的原因主要来自于供给方 D. 货币政策的首要任务在于稳定币值 E. 货币流动速度是个恒定不变的常数 题目12 在弗里德曼的货币需求函数中,与货币需求成正比的有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 永恒收入 B. 预期的非固定收益的报酬率 C. 债券利率 D. 非人力财富占总财富的比率 E. 流动性效用的大小 题目13 根据卡甘的货币供给模型,与货币供应量成反比的变量是()。 选择一项或多项:A. 通货比率(通货与存款之比) B. 准备金——存款比率 C. 高能货币 D. 存款准备金率 E. 货币乘数 题目14 弗里德曼认为,导致货币量过多的直接原因有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 政府推行充分就业的政策 B. 国民生产总值下降 C. 政府开支增加 D. 中央银行实行错误的货币政策 E. 货币需求下降 题目15 弗里德曼反对以利率作为货币政策中介指标的主要理由有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 利率与中央银行货币政策操作之间的联系具有不确定性 B. 利率是内生变量 C. 关于利率变动的数据难以及时获得 D. 利率与最终经济变量之间的关系不稳定 E. 中央银行难以有效控制利率水平 题目16 弗里德曼的货币供应决定模型中,决定货币供应量的因素主要有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 商业银行的存款与准备金之比 B. 信贷总量 C. 商业银行存款与公众持有的通货之比 D. 短期国债 E. 高能货币 题目17 在弗里德曼的货币需求函数中,持有货币的机会成本包括()。 选择一项或多项:A. 贷款利率 B. 预期的投资收益率 C. 预期的非固定收益的报酬率 D. 预期的商品价格变动率 E. 预期固定收益的报酬率 题目18 货币学派与凯恩斯在货币传导机制上的主要分歧有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 前者认为货币在短期也是中性的,不会对实际经济变量产生影响 B. 货币学派认为货币在长期是中性的,凯恩斯学派认为货币在长期也是非中性的 C. 货币学派认为传导可以在货币市场和商品市场同时进行,凯恩斯认为传导渠道主要是货币市场 D. 货币学派认为传导过程中起主要作用的是收入支出,凯恩斯则强调利率在整个传导机制中的核心作用 E. 货币学派认为传导的最终效果是物价的普遍上涨,凯恩斯认为最终能实现产出的真实增加 三、判断题(每小题2分,共11道题,共20分)题目19 货币学派旗帜鲜明地反对任何形式国家干预,认为政府不应该对经济运行有任何干预,包括货币。 选择一项:对 错 题目20 弗里德曼认为,货币数量说首先应该是一个货币需求理论,是明确货币需求由何种因素决定的理论。 选择一项:对 错 题目21 弗里德曼否认在失业和通货膨胀之间存在着一种替代关系。()选择一项:对 错 题目22 弗里德曼的通货膨胀定义是“引起物价普遍上涨的一种货币现象”。( 选择一项:对 错 题目23 货币学派的理论基础是货币数量说,而且弗里德曼认为近代货币数量说的两种理论——交易方程式和剑桥方程式中,前者更为可取。()选择一项:对 错 题目24 作为与凯恩斯学派针锋相对的一个经济学流派,货币学派的货币理论全盘否定了凯恩斯的货币理论。 选择一项:对 错 题目25 弗里德曼认为凯恩斯把货币流通速度看成是极不稳定的是错误的,认为它应该是个稳定的常数。()选择一项:对 错 题目26 货币面纱观是货币学派的理论基础。()选择一项:对 错 题目27 货币学派政策建议的理论基础和分析依据是稳定的货币需求函数。()选择一项:对 错 第十章 供给学派的货币金融学说-章节测验 一、单选题(每小题2分,共8道题,共16分)题目1 供给学派认为,在所有刺激投资的因素中,最为重要、最为有效的因素是( )。 选择一项:A. 利率 B. 资本品价格 C. 预期受益 D. 税率 题目2 供给学派通货膨胀理论的一个突出特点在于,它对于通货膨胀的研究是从( )的角度展开的。 选择一项:A. 供给 B. 需求 C. 货币 D. 结构 题目3 提出“拉弗曲线”的经济学派是( )。 选择一项:A. 弗莱堡学派 B. 统一区域货币 C. 货币学派 D. 供给学派 题目4 在供给学派看来,控制通货膨胀的治本之方在于( )。 选择一项:A. 降低税率 B. 限制货币发行 C. 增加生产和供给 D. 削减政府开支,平衡预算 题目5 供给学派认为,造成通货膨胀的根本原因在于( )。 选择一项:A. 供给不足 B. 需求过剩 C. 货币供应过多 D. 结构性失衡 题目6 供给学派理论最大的特点是( )。 选择一项:A. 主张控制货币,反对通货膨胀 B. 强调经济当中的供给因素 C. 将减税作为其政策主张的中心 D. 力主市场经济,反对政府干预 题目7 下面陈述中,不属于供给学派政策主张的有( )。 选择一项:A. 减税政策存在着时滞效应,其有利于储蓄和投资的反应在短时间内不可能非常显著,需要耐心的等待 B. 控制通货膨胀需要从供给和需求两个方面同时入手 C. 高税率是导致美国陷入“滞胀”泥潭的重要因素 D. “单一规则”是进行货币限制的有效手段 题目8 供给学派认为,要实行货币限制,从理论上来说最有效的方法是( )。 选择一项:A. 采用“单一规则 B. 恢复金本位制 C. 增强中央银行独立性 D. 明确中央银行的货币政策目标 二、多选题(每小题3分,共5道题,共15分)题目9 供给学派认为税率对储蓄的影响主要体现在以下几个方面( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 可支配收入 B. 储蓄率 C. 总收入 D. 投资收益率 E. 储蓄形式 题目10 供给学派认为,要通过减税来达到增加供给,治理通货膨胀的目的,其必要条件是( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 扩大政府债券发行规模,通过财政手段筹集建设资金 B. 削减政府开支,消灭赤字 C. 制定合理有效的产业政策 D. 保证国际收支平衡,避免外部因素干扰 E. 限制货币发行,稳定货币 题目11 供给学派认为,通货膨胀对国民经济的危害主要体现在以下几个方面()。 选择一项或多项:A. 通货膨胀使个人和企业承受更高的实际税负 B. 通货膨胀降低了储蓄的数量和效率 C. 通货膨胀导致贸易逆差 D. 通货膨胀严重损害供给 E. 通货膨胀减少投资 题目12 下面的经济学派当中,主张“通货膨胀促退论”的有( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 供给学派 B. 凯恩斯学派 C. 新古典综合派 D. 弗莱堡学派 E. 合理预期学派 题目13 供给学派反对货币学派的“单一规则”的主要依据有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 在当今信用货币制度下,很难对什么是货币做出清楚的界定 B. 货币当局无法确定出恰当的货币供应增长率 C. 中央银行往往会迫于多方面的压力而随意提高货币供应增长率 D. 按照“单一规则”制定的货币政策往往存在过分僵硬的缺陷 E. “单一规则”导致中央银行无法有效利用货币政策对宏观经济进行调控 三、判断题(每小题2分,共8道题,共16分)题目14 供给学派强调,减税政策之所以有效,一个显著的优点就是减税的政策效果能够与政策的实施同步产生。( )选择一项:对 错 题目15 根据拉弗曲线,由于税率过高会影响税基的大小,所以税率应当尽量降低。()选择一项:对 错 题目16 供给学派认为,只要降低税率,就能实现增加储蓄和投资以扩大供给。( )选择一项:对 错 题目17 供给学派认为,控制通货膨胀的治本之法在于控制货币供应量。( )选择一项:对 错 题目18 当出现货币不稳和税率上升的情况下,根据供给学派的观点,会出现人们的储蓄向短期金融证券转移,从而对经济增长产生不利的影响。( )选择一项:对 错 题目19 供给学派认为,税率与人们的储蓄率是成正比的,税率越高,人们越倾向于储蓄。( )选择一项:对 错 题目20 供给学派认为,除了收入和利率,税率也是影响储蓄和投资的主要因素。( )选择一项:对 错 题目21 在通货膨胀与经济增长的关系上,供给学派是支持“通货膨胀促进论”的主张的。( )选择一项:对 错 第十一章 合理预期学派的货币金融学说-章节测验 一、单选题(每小题4分,共8道题,共32分)题目1 根据合理预期理论,最优的货币政策将是()。 选择一项:A. 单一货币政策 B. 与实际经济增长相适应的货币政策 C. 相机抉择的货币政策 D. 逆经济风向行事的货币政策 题目2 于20世纪70年代在美国形成的合理预期学派又被人们称为()。 选择一项:A. 新剑桥学派 B. 新古典宏观经济学派 C. 新凯恩斯学派 D. 新古典综合派 题目3 在合理预期的条件下,当中央银行扩大货币供应量时,将要出现的情况有()。 选择一项:A. 物价不变,实际利率下降;B. 名义利率不变,实际利率下降。 C. 名义利率上升,实际利率不变; D. 物价上升,实际利率也下降;题目4 合理预期学派货币金融理论的核心和基点是()选择一项:A. 货币中性论 B. 合理预期理论 C. 萨伊定律 D. 菲力普斯曲线 题目5 合理预期学派的通货膨胀理论最大的特点是()选择一项:A. 强调供给方面的因素 B. 提出了预期通货膨胀论 C. 赞同通货膨胀促进论 D. 提出了通货膨胀归根结底是由货币因素造成的 题目6 合理预期学派与货币学派在货币政策主张方面最主要的分歧在于()选择一项:A. 货币政策中介指针 B. 货币政策最终目标 C. 货币政策操作工具 D. 最优货币供应量的确定 题目7 当中央银行采取将短期利率从现在的4%持续上升到8%的政策,而同时人们对未来经济预期的并为发生显著改变,则()选择一项:A. 短期利率上升,长期利率没有明显变化 B. 短期利率不变,长期利率显著上升 C. 短期利率不变,长期利率显著上升 D. 短期利率上升,长期利率也有明显上升 题目8 合理预期学派认为,中央银行货币政策的中介指针应该是()选择一项:A. 货币供应量 B. 汇率 C. 利率 D. 超额储备 二、多选题(每小题5分,共4道题,共20分)题目9 合理预期学派和货币学派的理论与政策主张的主要分歧有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 合理预期学派认为菲力普斯曲线无论是在长期还是在短期都是垂直的,货币学派则认为该曲线只是在长期是垂直的 B. 合理预期学派认为利率不能作为货币政策目标,货币学派则认为可以 C. 合理预期学派认为货币在短期也是中性的,而货币学派认为货币在短期是非中性的 D. 合理预期学派反对政府的选择性货币政策,货币学派则赞同 E. 合理预期学派的预期理论是合理预期,货币学派的预期理论是适应性预期反馈合理预期学派在理论上与货币学派有所差异,但在政策主张上与货币学派大致相近,故又被称为“新货币学派” 题目10 合理预期学派与货币学派的理论共同点有()。 选择一项或多项:A. 都认为菲力普斯曲线无论在长期和短期都不存在 B. 全都反对政府采取“逆经济风向行事”的货币政策 C. 都认为货币在短期是重要的,会对实际经济变量产生影响 D. 都主张把货币供应量作为货币政策的中介指针 E. 在长期,货币幻觉不存在 题目11 合理预期理论的核心命题是()。 选择一项或多项:A. 人们做出的合理明智的反应能够使政府的财政政策和货币政策不能取得预期的效果 B. 公众的预期比政府更合理、更灵敏、更准确 C. 公众根据合理预期指导自己的行为,能使市场机制发挥最充分的作用,从而保持市场出清 D. 人们在看到现实即将发生变化时就倾向于从自身利益出发,作出合理的明智反应 E. 在当代信息社会中,人们可以而且能够作出合理预期 题目12 合理预期学派认为()选择一项或多项:A. 在货币是否是中性的问题上,货币学派是正确的 B. 真正影响货币政策效果的不是货币政策本身,而是公众的预期 C. 实际利率是由非货币因素决定的 D. 货币不会对实际经济运行产生影响 E. 公众预期是导致通货膨胀的重要因素 三、判断题(每小题4分,共6道题,共24分)题目13 合理预期学派认为,由于合理预期的存在,货币在长期是中性的,但是在短期会影响利率、产出等实际变量。()选择一项:对 错 题目14 货币数量论是合理预期学派货币金融理论的核心和基点。()选择一项:对 错 题目15 在合理预期学派看来,向右下方倾斜的菲力普斯曲线无论在短期还是在长期都不存在。()选择一项:对 错 题目16 由于货币学派与合理预期学派都认为应该尽量减少货币因素对经济运行的干扰,因此它们都是持货币中性的观点,即货币不会对实际经济变量产生影响。()选择一项:对 错 题目17 根据合理预期理论,松的货币政策无效,只能造成通货膨胀,但是紧的货币政策是有效的。 选择一项:对 错 题目18 合理预期学派认为,货币政策的关键在于货币供应增长率一经确定,就不应该更改,而将主要精力放在货币供应增长率究竟应该是多少是徒劳无益的。()选择一项:对 错 第十二章 西方金融学说的新发展-章节测验 一、单选题(每小题4分,共7道题,共28分)题目1 通常来说,用( )来衡量一国货币化程度的高低。 选择一项:A. 金融资产总量与实际收入之比 B. 货币存量与实际收入之比 C. 货币存量与名义收入之比 D. 金融资产总量与名义收入之比 题目2 戈德史密斯认为“作为衡量一国金融发展水平主要和唯一的特点”是( )。 选择一项:A. 经济货币化率 B. 经济金融化率 C. 新发行金融工具比率 D. 金融相关比率 题目3 奠定了金融结构理论的研究基础的经济学家是( )。 选择一项:A. 戈德史密斯 B. 麦金农 C. 弗里德曼 D. 米什金 题目4 下面不属于金融业务创新的是( )。 选择一项:A. 创新金融工具不断涌现 B. 创设新型金融机构 C. 新业务和新交易大量涌现 D. 新型金融市场不断形成 题目5 在各种对金融创新成因的解说中,认为金融创新的实质是对科技进步导致的交易成本下降的反映的理论是( )。 选择一项:A. 制度因素说 B. 交易成本说 C. 技术发展说 D. 回避管制说 题目6 主张从货币因素来解释现代金融创新的经济学家是( )。 选择一项:A. 诺斯 B. 凯恩 C. 米什金 D. 弗里德曼 题目7 下列金融工具当中,属于第二性证券的是( )。 选择一项:A. 企业债券 B. 银行存款 C. 股票 D. 国库券 二、多选题(每小题5分,共8道题,共40分)题目8 一般而言,影响一国经济货币化程度的主要因素有( )选择一项或多项:A. 货币存量的多少 B. 国民经济的规模 C. 产业结构 D. 商品经济的发展程度 E. 金融的作用程度 题目9 麦金农认为,发达国家的投资理论是建立在下面哪些条件之上的。( )选择一项或多项:A. 有健全的市场机制并能正常运行 B. 投资主要依赖发行债券或股票等外源型融资 C. 投资主要依赖内源型融资 D. 投资具有递增的规模效应 E. 投资具有不变的规模报酬 题目10 发展中国家货币金融的特征主要有( )选择一项或多项:A. 货币化程度低 B. 政府无力对金融实行强有力的管制 C. 货币化程度低 D. 金融制度呈二元结构,现代化金融机构与传统金融机构并存 E. 金融市场落后 题目11 衡量一个发展中国家金融深化程度的标准有( )选择一项或多项:A. 货币化程度高低 B. 政府对金融的管制能力 C. 对外债和外援的依赖程度 D. 汇率是否可以自由浮动 E. 利率弹性的大小 题目12 为改变发展中国家普遍存在的金融压制现象,应该采取的对策措施有( )选择一项或多项:A. 着力于发掘本国资本,减少对国外资金的依赖性 B. 减少对金融业的干预 C. 政府取消对存放款利率的硬性规定 D. 强化政府动员储蓄的能力 E. 政府应该放弃以通货膨胀刺激经济增长的做法 题目13 关于金融结构和金融发展的关系,正确的是( )选择一项或多项:A. 金融结构的不同,体现了金融发展的不同程度 B. 实现金融发展充分必要条件就是促进金融结构的变化 C. 金融结构的变化与金融发展的关系是线性的 D. 一般而言,金融结构越复杂,金融发展的程度就越高 E. 任何金融结构的变化就是金融发展 题目14 下面关于金融创新的论述中,错误的有( )选择一项或多项:A. 金融创新主要指的是大量新型金融工具和金融服务的出现 B. 金融创新的实质使金融领域内部通过各种要素的重新组合和创造性变革所创造或引进的新事物 C. 对于金融创新带来的种种弊端,西方金融理论形成了比较一致的看法,即要在发展的过程中通过完善监管和宏观调控来对它的弊端予以克服 D. 在金融创新的成因解说上面,西方经济学家存在着较大的差异 E. 只是从20世纪50年代开始,金融创新才在发达国家的金融业中出现 题目15 下面关于经济货币化的论述错误的有( )。 选择一项或多项:A. 多数发达市场经济国家已经完成了经济货币化进程,这意味着这些国家已经没有了非货币化经济部门 B. 戈德史密斯认为,经济货币化率与利率水平呈反向变动关系 C. 不同国家在不同发展时期中的货币化程度有着一定的趋同性 D. 经济货币化与经济商品化是两个联系密切,但不完全相同的概念 E. 经济货币化程度是衡量一国经济发展水平和经济发展进程最重要的指标 三、判断题(每小题4分,共8道题,共32分)题目16 根据金融压制论,要改变发展中国普遍存在的金融压制现象,政府应该放弃一切对金融部门的干预及影响。( )选择一项:对 错 题目17 经济货币化程度的高低仅仅对货币政策有重要的意义,而对财政政策没有明显的影响。( )选择一项:对 错 题目18 根据金融压制论,发展中国家的居民在资产选择中,把非货币性的金融资产作为主要的保值形式。( )选择一项:对 错 题目19 一般来说,金融结构越复杂,金融发展的程度就越高,经济就越发达。( )选择一项:对 错 题目20 金融中介率是指所有的银行持有的金融资产在全部金融资产中所占的份额。( )选择一项:对 错 题目21 20世纪初至今工业化国家金融结构的一个重要的特点是金融机构的多样化导致银行业在金融体系中的比重下降。( )选择一项:对 错 题目22 金融相关比率是用以衡量金融上层结构规模最主要的尺度,它与货币化比率、外部融资比率等正相关,而与资本形成比率和资本产出比率是负相关的。( )选择一项:对 错 题目23 麦金农认为货币与实质资本之间的渠道效应发挥作用的一个前提条件是货币的实际收益率要低于实质资本的收益率。( )选择一项:对 错 形考任务5 网上学习行为表现打分 这个作业不需要您在网上提交任何东西 《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课答案 形考任务一(70分)Chapter 1 Exercise(分值7分)题目1 I. Vocabulary skills(3 points)Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word on the right with the correct definition on the left. (0.5 points each) 1.the bus or subway 2.proof of completion of courses of students 3.money for students from scholarships, grants, or loans 4.formal talks by professors or instructors on subjects of study 5.courses by video, video conferencing, or computers to students in different places 6.the points or grade a student gets on a test 答案: II. Reading Comprehension (4 points) Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each ) Experiencing Culture Shock A When Eliza James arrived at the University of Xian, she was excited to live in a new country, to improve her Chinese, and to experience a culture so different from her own. But soon her excitement turned to frustration as she encountered one roadblock after another. “I felt like I couldn't accomplish anything. My dorm room had no heat, I couldn't get into the classes I wanted, and every time I asked someone for help they gave me the runaround. I felt like no one was listening to me.“ Eliza met with administrators, sent letters of complaint, and even contacted the consulate in Beijing, but she got nowhere. What Eliza didn't realize was that her American approach to solving problems was very different from the Chinese one in which patience and negotiation skills are key. She soon learned how to solve problems within the cultural norms of Chinese society instead of forcing her own values onto those around her. “I finally feel like I fit in and that I know what I'm doing. In fact, it's really fun being in a place that's so incredibly different from what I am accustomed to.“ B Yoshi Yamamoto is a junior at a small college outside of Boston. Although he is an honors student now, Yoshi didn't always have such an easy time studying in America. “Teaching methods are very different here than they are in Japan. It took me a long time to get used to learning in seminars and discussing ideas with my classmates. At first it seemed like I wasn't actually learning anything.“ Yoshi's reaction was to totally withdraw: he didn't participate in class discussion; he spent lots of time alone in his room, and he even skipped class on occasion. “I thought I could teach myself. Now I recognize the value of the U.S. academic system, and I am able to adapt it to my own learning style.“ C Both Eliza and Yoshi experienced what is called culture shock: psychological disorientation due to living in a new culture. For many international students, studying abroad can offer exposure to new cultures and an opportunity to study new fields and languages. However, it also offers the greater challenge of trying to function in a foreign culture. Studying and reading about a certain culture is poor preparation for the reality of living in it. According to psychological studies, the four stages of culture shock are 1. euphoria, 2. hostility, 3. gradual adjustment, and 4. adaptation. Culture shock can be manifested in many ways: homesickness, boredom, stereotyping of or hostility towards the host culture, overeating or overdrinking, withdrawal, and inability to work effectively. D Different people experience different levels of culture shock and react in different ways. For example, Eliza got angry while Yoshi withdrew from society. The most important thing to remember is that culture shock is normal; it is not something to be ashamed of. Luckily, there are some things international students can do to make their adjustment to a new country go more smoothly. For instance, they can stay in touch with family and friends from home, join international student organizations, meet people from their own countries, and get involved in campus activities. Most importantly, they can adjust to life abroad by keeping a sense of humor and trying to remain positive. Recognizing Paragraph Topics(choose the paragraph letter)题目2 7. an explanation of culture shock 选择一项:A. A B. B C. C D. D 题目3 8. ways that students can adjust to living in a new country 选择一项:A. A B. B C. C D. D 题目4 9. the experience of an international student in the United States 选择一项:A. A B. B C. C D. D 题目5 10. the experience of an international student in China 选择一项:A. A B. B C. C D. D Chapter 2 Exercise(分值7分)题目1 I. Vocabulary Skills(2 points)Sometimes examples can explain the meaning of a word or phrase. For example, sun, rain, and wind are examples of kinds of weather. Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word or phrase in the first column with the examples in the second column. (0.4 points each) 1.kinds of extreme weather 2.Earth’s natural materials and gases 3. diseases or health disorders 4. seasons of the year 5. natural areas or regions of the earth 答案: II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B or C. (1 point each) Seasonal Affective Disorder: More than Just the Blues A Joshua dreads the winter months, not only because of the cold New England weather--the sleet, snow, wind, and rain--but because as the seasons change from summer to fall to winter, the days get shorter. As the days get shorter, he starts feeling depressed and irritable and spends more and more time at home, eating and sleeping. A graduate student in philosophy, Joshua finds that he gets little work done during the winter months and has trouble paying attention in class and concentrating on his research. “I soon realized that what I thought was just the 'winter blues' was something more extreme than that.“ Josh visited a doctor who diagnosed him with SAD. B Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a kind of depression that occurs seasonally. It is associated with the long hours of darkness and lack of sunlight during the winter months (people with SAD usually feel worse from December through February). Scientists don't completely understand the exact causes of SAD, but they believe it is related to a biochemical imbalance in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is the basic part of the brain that controls the body's breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and hormone release. The effects of SAD include moodiness, irritability, low energy, increased appetite for carbohydrates (foods such as potatoes, rice, and bread), difficulty concentrating, and the tendency to oversleep. C Although doctors described SAD for the first time in 1984, humans have probably dealt with the disorder for thousands of years. It is not a coincidence that many cultures have important celebrations during the short days of the winter months. Christmas, Hanukkah, and Winter Solstice celebrations all occur in December. These celebrations involve lighting candles in order to bring light, warmth, and happiness to an otherwise depressing time of year. D So what can SAD sufferers do to feel better? Naturally, they need more light. For people who have mild cases of SAD, exercising in the morning sun could be enough to help them. Phototherapy, or light therapy, is usually prescribed for people who have more serious cases of the disorder. In light therapy, patients sit in front of a light box, a strong artificial light, for up to four hours a day. Phototherapy is effective in over 80% of SAD cases, and patients usually see results within three to four days. Although the symptoms of SAD are similar to those of clinical depression, traditional antidepressants have not proven useful in treating SAD. While psychological counseling cannot treat the symptoms of SAD, it is recommended to help SAD sufferers learn to accept and deal with their illness. 题目2 6. Joshua starts feeling depressed and irritable in the winter because 选择一项:A. he gets little work done B. he suffers from Seasonal Affective Disorder C. he is a graduate student in philosophy 题目3 7. Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a condition that researchers believe affects people during the winter months. Scientists believe it is caused by 选择一项:A. breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and hormone release B. moodiness, irritability, loss of energy, increased appetite, difficulty concentrating, and sleepiness C. lack of sunlight and a biochemical imbalance in the brain 题目4 8. Humans have probably struggled with SAD since 选择一项:A. ancient times B. December C. 1984 题目5 9. People who suffer from SAD can to feel better. 选择一项:A. do light therapy B. take antidepressant drugs C. eat carbohydrates 题目6 10. This passage talks about_____. 选择一项:A. what the SAD effects are B. Both A and B. C. how to help SAD suffers Chapter 3 Exercise(分值7分)I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each ) Fast food can be good food Many people are too busy to prepare and eat three nutritious meals a day.so they turn to the convenience of fast-food restaurants. Many of the items at fast-food restaurants, snack bars, and food stands are fattening and not very nutritious.But fast food doesn’t have to be unhealthy.you can eat at fast-food restaurants and still eat well. Pay Attention to Calories and Fat Content By paying attention to the number of calories and fat that a food item has ,you can make smarter choices.Calories are “units for measuring how much energy a food will produce”.condsider two fast-food meals. A quarter-pound hamburger with cheese, jumbo-size fries,and a 16-ounce soda have a total of 1,535 calories and 76 grams of fat .a broiled (cooked under direct heat or over a flame )chicken sandwich ,a side salad with low-fat dressing,and a glass of water at the same fast-food restaurant have only 422 calories and 7 grams of fat .but maybe you really want a hamburger and fries .well,you can have a small hamburger,a small serving of fries,and a glass of water.At a total of 490 calories and 20 grams of fat,that’s still a much smarter choice than the large burger ,fries,and 20 grams of fat ,that’s still a much smarter choice than the large burger,fries,and sada. There’s More That You Can Do There are a few additional things you can do to make sure you eat well in fast food restaurantS.First of all,say “no” when the cashier asks you if you want to “supersize” you meal (order an extra large portion of each item).Second, ask for no mayonnaise or sauce,or ask for it on the side (in a separate dish).Third,substitute(use something instead of something else)healthy foods for fatty ones. For example,instead of ordering deep-fried tempura,order fresh vegetables.Instead of ordering a beef burrito with lots of cheese and sour cream,order a vegetable burrito with beans and rice.and don’t eat the chips!Another thing you can do is order a side salad or a vegetable soup and eat it first.That way,you will eat some vegetables,and you won’t be able to eat as much of your burger and fries.Fnally,eat slowly and stop eating when you’re full. It sounds simple,but many people keep eating even after they become full. 题目1 1.What is the main idea of this article ?________ 选择一项:A. It’s smart to eat foods with low calories and fat content. B. Fast food is always bad for you . C. You can eat well in fast-food restaurant D. Fast-food restaurants are the best the place to find healthy foods . 题目2 2.A small hamburger and small firies has __________ 选择一项:A. more calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad. B. the same amount of calories and fat as a chicken sandwich and a salad. C. fewer calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad. D. the same amount of calories and fat as a large portion of fries. 题目3 3.Some things you can do to eat well in fast-food restaurants are________ 选择一项:A. ask for eatra manyonnaise and sauce and say no to “surpersizing” . B. order a vegetable burrito instead of chips and eat sour cream . C. order smaller portions and eat all the food you order. D. order healthy foods instead of fatty ones and drink water. 题目4 4.Manyonnaise and sauces probably_________ 选择一项:A. make you eat less because they make you feel full sooner. B. make you eat more because they make your food taste better. C. have a lot of fat and calories. D. don’t have a lot of fat and calories. 题目5 5. By eating a salad or soup before the rest of your meal,_______ 选择一项:A. you eat less of the rest of your meal. B. you eat more slowly. C. you get full sooner. D. you eat the rest of your meal more quickly. II. Vocabulary skills(2 points)Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. (0.4 points each) 题目6 changes damaging losing global available The growing similarities in diet and eating habits around the world are influencing people of various cultures in different ways. For example, Western foods are 6 damaging health in the industrialized island country of Japan. Instead of small meals of seafood, rice, and vegetables, the typical Japanese diet now includes large amounts of meat, dairy products, and desserts like tiramisu, a rich Italian dish full of chocolate, cheese, and sugar. According to Japanese health researchers, such 7 changes in eating habits are related to a great increase in health problems such as heart disease, strokes, cancer, and diabetes. On the other hand, the changing 8 global diet is having the opposite effect on the people in the CzechRepublic. The government of this European nation no longer supports meat and dairy products financially, so the cost of these foods is going up. In contrast, fresh fruits and vegetables are becoming more widely 9 available from private markets and stands. Cooks are even serving salads to schoolchildren, and families are eating healthier home-cooked meals. For these reasons, fewer Czech men are having heart attacks, the women are 10 losing a lot of weight, and most people are living healthier lives. Chapter 4 Exercise(分值7分 I. Vocabulary Skills(2 points)题目1 Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. (0.4 points each) 1.make sense 2.pedestrians 3.vehicle 4.teenager 5.fine 答案: II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each) These days, it’s getting easier and easier to find your way around. Some people have GPS devices in their cars to make sure they don’t get lost. GPS stands for Global Positioning System. These devices use satellites in space to “see” where you are and give you directions to where you want to go. And if you don’t have a GPS device, you can simply go online to get step-by-step directions. Websites like MapQuest.com and mappoint.msn.com can produce a map and directions in just a few seconds. But how do they do it? MapQuest® uses data (information) from a few different sources to produce directions and maps. Before MapQuest® went online, it sold regular paper maps in places like gas stations. The website uses the data from those paper maps, information from digital mapping companies, and government databases. At the moment, MapQuest® uses more than 30 computers to read all this data and provides users with millions of maps every day. In order to find the best route (way or path) from one place to another, MapQuest® first has to look at all possible routes. Then MapQuest® looks at each part of each possible route. It considers the types of roads on the different routes. Are they dirt roads, paved roads, freeways, or city streets? It looks at how many turns there are in each route and what kinds of turns they are. Are they right turns or left turns? It also considers the speed limit on each road and how many intersections there are. An intersection is “a place where two or more roads cross each other”. MapQuest® can also tell you how long your trip will take you. It does this by doing some math. MapQuest® bases its estimated driving times on the length and speed limit of each part of the route and the amount of time it probably takes to get through each intersection. For example, it allows more time for a left turn at an intersection than it does for a right turn. Someday, maybe we will have cars that can just drive us wherever we want to go, but for now, mapping websites make it a little harder to get lost. 题目2 6.What is the main idea of this article? 选择一项:A. Why mapping websites don’t work well. B. Why mapping websites are better than paper maps. C. How mapping websites work. D. How the first mapping website started. 题目3 7.According to the article, MapQuest®______ 选择一项:A. started as maker of government databases. B. started as an Internet company. C. uses millions of computers to read data. D. starting by selling paper maps. 题目4 8.When you search for directions, the first thing MapQuest® does is_______ 选择一项:A. consider how many turns you want to take. B. print out a map and directions. C. estimate driving time. D. look at all possible paths. 题目5 9.When it’s deciding on the best route, MapQuest® probably chooses ________ 选择一项:A. the route with the most turns. B. dirt roads instead of paved roads. C. freeways instead of dirt roads. D. city streets instead of freeways. 题目6 10. To estimate your driving time, MapQuest® considers _________ 选择一项:A. the distance between turns on your route. B. the speed limit for half of the route. C. the fastest and slowest speed limits on your route. D. the speed limits and types of turns on your route. Chapter 5 Exercise(分值7分)I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Read the five main-idea questions that follow about the information in the reading. Three details correctly answer each question. Cross out the untrue, unrelated detail. (1 point each ) 题目1 1. What are the definitions of the two main types of families? 选择一项:A. Human beings lived in loosely-related groups. Each group had a common ancestor long time ago. B. The nuclear family consists of two parents and their biological or adopted children. C. The extended family may include grandparents, parents, children and relatives living together on the same street or in the same area. D. The nuclear family is the same as the extended family. 题目2 2. What are the reasons for the changes in the structure of the family? 选择一项:A. The divorce rate went down and the birthrate began to rise in the early 1900s in the United States. B. Couples did not want many children then. C. In the early 1900s in the United States, the divorce rated went down and the birthrate went down. D. At that time, couples were staying married for few years. 题目3 3. What happened to families in industrialized countries in the 1930s and 1940s? 选择一项:A. Before and during World War II, families faced few financial problems and women didn’t have to work away from home. B. Men were at war, so women had to work outside the home. C. Before and during World War II, families had problems. D. Families had serious financial problems during World War II. 题目4 4. What changes will happen to family structure during the next decades? 选择一项:A. Divorces would be fewer, mothers would stay at home after the war. B. Children began living at home longer. C. After the war, family structure changed back. D. After the war, there were more divorces and fewer stay-home-mothers. 题目5 5. What will families be like in the future? 选择一项:A. Many people want the traditional two-parent family back. B. Two-parent family will probably come back and all other family forms will end. C. Unmarried parents with adopted or foster children, and one-person households. D. There may be more single-parent families. II. Vocabulary Skills(2 points)Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. ( 0.4 points each) 题目6 living extended category typical believe The Family of the Future Many people today would like the traditional two-parent family back—that is to say, they want a man and a woman to marry for life; they also think the man should sport the family and the woman should stay home with the children. However, few families now fall into this 6 category In fact, if more women decide to have children on their own, the single-parent household may become more 7 typical than the traditional family in many countries. Also, unmarried couples may decided to have more children—or they might take in foster children or adopt. And because people are staying single and 8 living longer (often as widows), there may be more one-person households in the future. On the other hand, some people 9 believe similar events happen again and again in history. If this is true, people may go back to the traditional 10 extended or nuclear family of the past. Others think the only certainty in history is changing: in other words, the structure of the future family could begin to change faster and faster—and in more and more ways. Chapter 6 Exercise(分值7分)I. Vocabulary skills(2 points)Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (0.4 points each)题目1 1. Some examples of the architecture of old Europe are the magnificent cathedrals and castles. The design and building styles of modern architecture are excellent too. What does the noun architecture mean in these sentences? 选择一项:A. the place with significant civilization everywhere B. people that study the culture of old Europe and other societies C. the art and science of designing the study of classical literature D. the form and plan of buildings and other structures 题目2 2. Perhaps the real beginning of civilization—with its scientific and technological discoveries and inventions—was in the Middle East and Africa. Over five thousand years ago, those ancient civilizations had astronomy, mathematics, medicine, government, and so on. Which word is a synonym of the word civilization? 选择一项:A. technology B. cathedral C. culture D. astronomy 题目3 3. The cultural legacy of ancient Chinese and Indian peoples included walled cities, the first governments, tools for work, and weapons for protection. odern peoples built on this legacy.What is a possible explanation of the word legacy? 选择一项:A. ideas and achievements passed from earlier generations to modern society B. a gift of money that somebody gives to another person C. international business conducted in cities and government structures D. the state or condition of being legal; not against the law 题目4 4. “For me, the idea of ancient culture creates a contradiction in definitions,” said Karen, going against Mei’s views. “Only modern things can be part of culture.Of course, people that like classical art and music will contradict me.” What might the noun contradiction mean? 选择一项:A. the opposition of two opinions B. wearing a Hawaiian shirt in an ancient culture C. the short forms of two words together D. to put words together 题目5 5. Because of the worldwide media—movies, TV, CDs, the Internet, newspapers, magazines—everybody knows the same information, plays the same music, and enjoys the same jokes.How might you define the phrase the media? 选择一项:A. the combination of visual, sound, and printed ways to send ideas around the world B. communication styles include motions, gestures and facial expressions C. the tradition of being in the middle—not on the extremes of possible views D. events that appear in the daily news and that everyone knows about II.Reading Comprehension (5 points) Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for True and “F” for False. (1 point each)题目6 Many visitors to different countries don’t realize how important it is to understand a country’s culture. Sometimes people learn this lesson by making a big cross-cultural blunder, or embarrassing mistake. In business situations, these blunders can cost a lot of money or end business relationships. 6.It is important to understand other people’s cultures before you do business with them. 选择一项:A. F B. T 题目7 For example, one company wanted to sell toothpaste in Southeast Asia. In their advertisements, they claimed that their toothpaste whitens teeth. They didn’t understand that many of the local people chewed betel nuts to make their teeth black, and that these people thought black teeth were attractive. 7. The toothpaste company probably kept using the same advertisement in Southeast Asia. 选择一项:A. F B. T 题目8 In another case, a car company tried to sell a car called “Matador” in a Spanish-speaking country. The company thought that it was a strong name because it means “bullfighter”. In Spanish, matador is indeed a noun meaning “bullfighter”. But it is also an adjective meaning “killing”. Imagine driving around in a car called “Killing”! 8. The car company that tried to sell a car to a Spanish-speaking country probably didn’t sell many Matador cars in that country. 选择一项:A. F B. T 题目9 A European businessman had an important meeting with a company in Taiwan. He wanted to bring gifts for the people he was meeting with. He thought that something with his company’s logo on it would be a nice gift. So he bought some very nice pocket knives and had his company’s logo printed on them. He didn’t know that giving a knife as a gift symbolizes cutting off a friendship! 9. The European businessman probably researches new cultures before he visits them now. 选择一项:A. T B. F 题目10 It’s very easy to make blunders like these people did. But it’s also very easy not to. Before you visit a new country, research that country’s customs and etiquette (social rules for polite behavior). You can find a lot of information online. Just go to a search engine and type in key words like “cross-cultural etiquette” or “cultural information Taiwan”. By spending a few minutes doing research, you can save yourself from a lot of embarrassment and make sure you don’t accidentally offend anyone. 10. What you can disagree with people to save yourself from making cross-cultural blunders. 选择一项:A. T B. F Chapter 7 Exercise(分值7分)I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for True and “F” for False on the Answer Sheet. (1 point each) 题目1 For instance, a doctor doesn’t always have time to thoroughly explain an illness. In these cases, the Internet can be a valuable resource—a place to read all about the causes, symptoms, and remedies for an illness. 1. One benefit of using the Internet as a medical resource is it has a lot of information about illnesses and diseases. 选择一项:A. F B. T 题目2 For example, some websites claim that sniffing (smelling) a newspaper can cure nausea (the feeling of being sick to your stomach and wanting to vomit). 2. One possible remedy for nausea is drinking a lot of tea. 选择一项:A. T B. F 题目3 Other websites suggest that a person with a cold should keep a piece of raw garlic in his or her mouth all day and bite down on it every few minutes to release the juice. People with smelly feet are told to soak their feet in tea for half an hour. 3. The websites remedies might be unpleasant or odd, but they probably will cause harm. And who knows? They might actually be unhelpful. 选择一项:A. F B. T 题目4 An herbal remedy for helping your memory may also be a blood thinner. So if your doctor prescribed (put you on) a blood thinner and you start taking this herb without asking your doctor about it, a simple cut could be deadly; you might not be able to stop bleeding. 4. A person who is taking a prescribed drug should probably talk to the doctor before taking an herbal remedy. 选择一项:A. F B. T 题目5 The bottom line is this: be careful when using the Internet as a health resource. Use it to find information that you can discuss with your doctor. But don’t spend a lot of money on “miracle cures”. 5. The best way to use the Internet as a medical resource is to read about your illness and discuss what you find out with your doctor. 选择一项:A. T B. F II. Vocabulary skills(2 points)Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. ( 0.4 points each) 题目6 disease substance classification prevent figure In a small-town farm market, hundreds of elderly people drink a glass of sour dark cherry juice every day. These happy senior citizens, some of them over the age of 90, claim that the natural fruit juice cures—or at least decreases—the pain of their arthritis, a 6 disease of the joints of the aging body. It’s a folk remedy, not a proven medical therapy. Nevertheless, science is beginning to 7 figure out why sour cherry juice might work to improve the health of patients with arthritis. The secret is in the 8 substance that gives the cherries their dark red color. It belongs to a 9 classification of natural nutrients that color blueberries, strawberries, plums, and other fruits—and vegetables too. Moreover, these coloring substances may help to 10 prevent serious health disorders like heart disease and cancer. In other words, vitamins and fiber are not the only reasons to eat fruits and vegetables. “To take advantage of natural whole foods,” advise nutritionists. Chapter 8 Exercise(分值7分)I. Vocabulary Skills(2 points)Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. ( 0.4 points each) 题目1 1.At all hours, the media offer language learners “real-life” audio visual instruction and practice in aural comprehension. 选择一项:A. hospital and health information B. understanding spoken language C. the answers to test questions D. real-life experience 题目2 2. High-quality TV programming —a good plan of shows about various fields of study—can increase people’s knowledge and improve their thinking abilities. 选择一项:A. scientific and medical shows B. movies with good music C. academic lecture courses D. choice and organization of shows 题目3 3. Television and video provide almost everyone with good entertainment—a pleasant way to relax and spend free time at home. 选择一项:A. amusement or pleasure B. freedom from worry and tension C. relaxation through exercise D. fun through serious study 题目4 4. Images of violence on the screen scare people, giving them terrible nightmares when they sleep. 选择一项:A. dark, stormy weather B. bad conditions C. physical disabilities D. behavior that hurts people 题目5 5. The talk shows of “trash TV” make instant “stars” of real people with strange or immoral ideas, who tell their most personal secrets, shout angrily, and attack one another. 选择一项:A. valuable programs B. negative effects C. shows without quality D. normal life stories II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following sentences by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each) A Everyone makes mistakes, or so the saying goes. But have you ever heard about mistakes in Hollywood? When most people think of Hollywood, they think of blockbusters (very successful movies), high-paid actors, glitz, and glamour. But according to one Website, many Hollywood movies are full of mistakes. Some are technical errors. For instance, in a scene of the science-fiction adventure film The Matrix, when the main character steps out of his car, the viewer can clearly see the camera crew in the car window. In another scene, the same character is typing on his computer, yet the computer screen is blank. Other movie mistakes are historical. For example, the epic Gladiator, an Oscar winner, is known for having lots of historical errors. Throughout the movie, the gladiator Maximus refers to his home in Spain, and the other characters call him “the Spaniard.“ However, in 180 A.D., when the movie takes place, Spain as a country or even as a concept didn't exist yet. At another point in the movie, Maximus says that his homeland of Spain has “the best horses.“ But horses weren't brought to the Iberian Peninsula until the invasion of the Moors (North Africans) in 711 A.D, more than 500 years after the movie takes place. The historical drama Titanic, another Oscar winner, also has its share of historical blunders. The Titanic sunk in the year 1912. So why is one of the characters wearing a digital watch? In fact, movie watchers have found over 100 mistakes in The Matrix, Gladiator, and Titanic. Can you think of any errors in your favorite films? B How susceptible are you to advertising? Has a TV commercial or magazine ad ever made you buy the product that was advertised? If so, perhaps you have been subjected to subliminal advertising. Subliminal advertising is a kind of advertising that appeals to the subconscious. The word “subliminal“ comes from the Latin “sub“ meaning “lower,“ “beneath,“ or “under,“ and “limen“ meaning “threshold,“ (the level at which something begins to happen). Thus, subliminal advertising stimulates your brain at a level below conscious perception. You cannot see, hear, or perceive subliminal ads, but they may affect you just the same. There are two main types of subliminal ads. The first involves flashing messages quickly during a commercial or film. The messages appear and disappear so rapidly that the mind cannot process them consciously, but it might receive them passively, at a subconscious level. James Vicary, a market researcher, first introduced this kind of subliminal advertising in 1957 when he flashed the words “Eat Popcorn“ and “Drink Coca-Cola“ every five seconds during a movie. The messages couldn't be seen, yet Vicary claimed that the moviegoers' brains could perceive them: Coke sales went up by 18% and popcorn sales by over 50%. More recently, the same type of subliminal advertising was used in a negative ad for a political campaign. In the ad, the word “rats“ flashed up briefly during the part of the ad describing one party's healthcare plan. The purpose was to associate that opposing party with the negative word “rats.“ The second kind of subliminal advertising involves hiding or incorporating images into visual advertisements. A well-known example is on a package of a famous brand of cigarettes. Some say that if you look closely you can see the image of a man who is sexually aroused. In fact, a lot of subliminal advertising involves sex, coming from the idea that “sex sells.“ One media researcher claims that everything from crackers to alcohol to soda has used subliminal sexual imagery to appeal to buyers. Although studies show that consumers believe strongly in the power of subliminal ads, no one can prove the effects of subliminal advertising. Psychologists and others who study subliminal stimuli have not been able to show that subliminal advertising actually works. Many advertising researchers believe that traditional ads, in which a powerful image is used to sell a product, are more effective than subliminal advertising. All the same, it still remains a controversial topic, one that is on the mind of buyers and sellers alike. 题目6 6. What is the best title for the Paragraph A? 选择一项:A. The Success of Hollywood: Movie Madness. B. Hollywood Bloopers: Mega Movie Mistakes. C. History or Hollywood? Hollywood Interprets Famous Historical Events. 题目7 7. What is the best title for the Paragraph B? 选择一项:A. The Effect of Advertising on the Human Brain. B. Sex Sells: This History of Sex in Advertising. C. Subliminal Advertising: What Is It? Does It Work? 题目8 8.The Moors invaded Spain ______ the movie Gladiator takes place. 选择一项:A. before B. after C. since 题目9 9. Another word for mistake is ______. 选择一项:A. error B. blunder C. A and B 题目10 10.The subconscious is the part of the brain that _______. 选择一项:A. passively notices and remembers information B. actively notices and remembers information C. does not notice or remember information Chapter 9 Exercise(分值7分)I. Vocabulary Skills(2 points)题目1 Which of the words below contain a prefix with a negative meaning? Choose N. Choose X for the words without negative meanings. ( 0.4 points each) discourage 答案 N disrespect 答案 N illustrate 答案 X instant 答案 X illegal 答案 N II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each) Meeting the Perfect Mate What is the best way to meet the perfect husband or wife? I am continuing to interview students on campus trying to answer this question for my sociology class. So far, people have mentioned arranged matches, discos and bars, computer dating services, and personal ads. One guy even said he thought supermarkets were the best places to meet women. I guess you can talk a lot about a head of lettuce! I decided to go to the school cafeteria to interview some people there. “I think date cafés are the best way to meet people,“ said my friend Rahul. “Date cafés? What's that?“ I asked. “Well, a date café is both a café and a dating service. You go to the café, order a cup of coffee or whatever you want, and look through people's profiles. Then, if someone interests you, you can send him or her an email and arrange a date at the café. You can also fill out your own profile and have people email you. The form asks you about everything from looks, to interests, to religion. The date café is a relaxed way to make contacts.“ “Are there many of them around?“ I asked. “Hmm. Well, there's one near campus called Drip. In fact, I had a Drip date just last week,“ said Rahul. “Drip! But isn't that a word that's used to describe someone who is dull and boring? It doesn't sound too promising.“ “Yeah, well it's funny you say that, because my date was pretty uninteresting. She barely talked at all, and she kept looking down at her coffee mug.“ “Well, what about a mail order bride?“ said Rahul's roommate, Joni. “A what?“ I asked. “A mail order bride. You know, you search for your wife in a catalog and the next thing you know you're married. With the Internet it's easier than ever,“ she said. “Ugh, that sounds awful.“ I said. “Have you ever met anyone who has done that?“ “Yes, my uncle did it. His marriage ended a year later. The truth is, I'm against it. Usually the women come from poor countries and don't know what they're getting into. My uncle's wife had a really hard time adjusting and went back to her country as soon as they split up.“ “I think mail order is out. Any other suggestions?“ “I find that meeting people through classes or extracurricular activities is a good idea,“ said Michelle. “For instance, I signed up for a Japanese cooking class, both because I like Japanese food, and because I thought I might meet someone nice with similar interests.“ “And did you?“ “Yeah, I made lots of friends: Sumi, Katrina, Mariah...no guys, though. The class was 90% women. In fact, now that you mention it, the same thing happened with the salsa class, the pottery class and my Tai Chi class. I met a lot of nice women, but I definitely did not find the man of my dreams.“ Last I interviewed a couple in the library. “Friends“ they said. “We met through friends. It's the best way to find the perfect mate.“ “Really,“ I said. “And why is that?“ “Well, your friends usually know what you like. And also, you know the person is someone you can trust, not like meeting someone in a bar or a supermarket. For instance, we met because Chris's lab partner thought we would really get along.“ “Yeah, Scott and I met, and I immediately liked him. I emailed him and it took him three months to email me back!“ “Well, I'm a little shy, but it eventually worked. Here we are, a year later and still together.“ “Well that's the best story I've heard yet, “ I said. But if I've learned one thing in this study, it's that meeting someone special, no matter how you do it, is difficult.“ 题目2 6.If you interview someone, you __. 选择一项:A. ask him/her a lot of questions B. ask him/her to fill out a form 题目3 7. A person's profile probably __. 选择一项:A. shows a picture of the person B. tells something about the person 题目4 8. A drip is __. 选择一项:A. a kind of computer dating service B. a dull, boring person 题目5 9. If something is awful, it's __. 选择一项:A. interesting and unusual B. unpleasant and bad 题目6 10. If you and your mate split up, you __. 选择一项:A. end your relationship B. get engaged Chapter 10 Exercise(分值7分)I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Choose “T” for True and “F” for False. (1 point each ) 题目1 Competition in Olympic sports is supposed to be fair. However, in judged sports, fairness is impossible. Therefore, judged sports should be banned from the Olympic games. A judged sport is any sport that requires judges to determine a winner. For example, gymnastics, figure skating, half pipe (snowboarding), and diving are all judged sports. 1.The writer believes judged sports should be eliminated from the Olympics. 选择一项:A. T B. F 题目2 Why do I believe that judged sports should be eliminated from the Olympics? First of all, judges don’t see everything. For example, a mistake in figure skating can happen in a fraction of a second. If a judge blinks or looks away for a moment, he or she might miss the mistake and give the skater a higher score than the skater deserves. 2.One reason that judged sports should not be allowed in the Olympics is that judges can have different opinions. 选择一项:A. T B. F 题目3 Second, two judges can disagree about which athlete gave the best performance. In sports in which the difference between gold and silver is usually a few hundredths of a point, this kind of subjectivity is unacceptable. Can anyone really say with certainty that a gymnast who receives a score of 9.825 is a better gymnast than one who scores 9.823? 3.One argument against banning judged sports from the Olympics is that people should stop arguing about it. 选择一项:A. T B. F 题目4 A lot of people claim that judged sports are subjective and should not be allowed in the Olympics. They feel that only sports that are measured objectively for things like speed, such as swimming, track, and skiing, should be allowed because judges can’t be objective and fair. I disagree with these people. Why? I believe that no sport is 100% fair and objective. 4. The writer here believes all sports are objective. 选择一项:A. T B. F 题目5 Some athletes may win because their equipment is better than their opponents’ equipment. For example, in the 2000 summer Olympics, some swimmers wore controversial high-tech suits. The maker of the suit claimed that the fabric could make a swimmer 3% faster. No one could prove that this was true, but they couldn’t prove that it wasn’t true either. 5. The equipment can be one reason that decides athletes’ sports scores. 选择一项:A. T B. F 题目6 II. Vocabulary Skills(2 points)Match the following vocabulary items on left with their possible explanations on right. ( 0.4 points each) co-worker contribute promotion progress intermission 答案: 形考任务二(30分)破冰行动(所属章:Guidelines;分值5分;需要教师批阅)讨论区 异国特色食谱(所属章:Chapter 3;分值5分;需要教师批阅)讨论区 身边的家庭模式(所属章:Chapter 5;分值5分;需要教师批阅)讨论区 新闻采访稿(所属章:Chapter 8;分值5分;需要教师批阅)互动评价 网上表现(所属章:所有章节;分值10分;需要教师批阅)查看更多