精编国家开放大学电大《C语言程序设计》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案

精编国家开放大学电大《C语言程序设计》《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课形考网考作业(合集)答案

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MAIN C. name D. function 题目2 C语言源程序文件的缺省扩展名为（ ）。 选择一项：A. cpp B. exe C. obj D. c 题目3 由C语言目标文件连接而成的可执行文件的缺省扩展名为（ ）。 选择一项：A. cpp B. exe C. obj D. c 题目4 程序运行中需要从键盘上输入多于一个数据时，各数据之间应使用的分隔符为（ ）。 选择一项：A. 空格或逗号 B. 逗号或回车 C. 逗号或分号 D. 空格或回车 题目5 每个C语言程序文件的编译错误被分为（ ）。 选择一项：A. 1类 B. 2类 C. 3类 D. 4类 题目6 不符合C语言规定的复合语句是（ ）。 选择一项：A. {} B. {;} C. {x=0;} D. {y=10} 题目7 C语言程序中的基本功能模块为（ ）。 选择一项：A. 表达式 B. 标识符 C. 语句 D. 函数 题目8 在一个函数定义中，函数头包括的3个部分依次为函数类型、函数名和（ ）。 选择一项：A. 表达式 B. 语句 C. 参数表 D. 函数体 题目9 在一个程序文件中，若要使用#include命令包含一个用户定义的头文件，则此头文件所使用的起止定界符为一对（ ）。 选择一项：A. 尖括号 B. 双引号 C. 单引号 D. 花括号 题目10 在C语言程序中，多行注释语句使用的开始标记符为（ ）。 选择一项：A. // B. /* C. */ D. ** 题目11 在printf()函数调用的格式字符串中，若使用格式符为“%c”，则对应输出的数据类型为（ ）。 选择一项：A. char B. int C. float D. double 题目12 在printf()函数调用的格式字符串中，若使用格式符为“%5d”，则规定对应输出的数据占用的字符位置个数为（ ）。 选择一项：A. 5 B. 4 C. 3 D. 6 题目13 转义字符＇＼＼＇表示的字符是（ ）。 选择一项：A. 单引号 B. 双引号 C. 反斜线 D. 问号 题目14 枚举类型中的每个枚举常量的值都是一个（ ）。 选择一项：A. 整数 B. 浮点数 C. 字符 D. 逻辑值 题目15 运算符优先级最高的是（ ）。 选择一项：A. = B. *= C. D. != 题目16 设x和y均为逻辑值，则x y为真的条件是（ ）。 选择一项：A. 它们均为真 B. 其中一个为真 C. 它们均为假 D. 其中一个为假 题目17 设有语句“int a=12; a+=a*a;”，则执行结束后，a的值为（ ）。 选择一项：A. 12 B. 144 C. 156 D. 288 题目18 x>0 x<=10的相反表达式为（ ）。 选择一项：A. x<=0 || x>10 B. x<=0 x>10 C. x<=0 || x<=10 D. x>0 x>10 题目19 字符串“a+b=12＼n”的长度为（ ）。 选择一项：A. 6 B. 7 C. 8 D. 9 题目20 在下列的符号常量定义中，错误的定义语句格式为（ ）。 选择一项：A. const int M1=10; B. const int M2=20; C. const int M3 10; D. const char mark=＇3＇; 二、判断题（共60分，每小题2分。叙述正确则回答“是”，否则回答“否”）题目21 C语言中的每条简单语句以分号作为结束符。 选择一项：对 错 题目22 C语言中的每条复合语句以花括号作为结束符。 选择一项：对 错 题目23 在C语言程序中，在行尾使用注释的开始标记符为一对单斜线字符。 选择一项：对 错 题目24 注释内容的开始所使用的标记符为/*，则注释内容的结束所使用的标记符为*/。 选择一项：对 错 题目25 在一个C语言程序文件中，若要包含一个头文件，则使用以百分号开始的预处理命令。 选择一项：对 错 题目26 用于输出表达式值的标准输出函数是printf()。 选择一项：对 错 题目27 当不需要函数返回任何值时，则需要使用保留字void作为函数的返回值类型。 选择一项：对 错 题目28 每个C程序文件在编译时可能出现有警告性错误，其对应的标识符为error。 选择一项：对 错 题目29 十进制数25表示成符合C语言规则的八进制数为31。 选择一项：对 错 题目30 十进制数25表示成符合C语言规则的十六进制数为0x19。 选择一项：对 错 题目31 在C语言中，转义字符＇＼n＇表示一个换行符。 选择一项：对 错 题目32 执行“printf(“%c“,＇F＇-2);”语句后得到的输出结果为H。 选择一项：对 错 题目33 已知字符＇C＇的ASCII码为67，当执行“int x=＇C＇+5;”语句后x的值为72。 选择一项：对 错 题目34 假定一个枚举类型的定义为“enum RB{ab,ac=3,ad,ae}x=ad;”，则x的值为2。 选择一项：对 错 题目35 float的类型长度为8。 选择一项：对 错 题目36 在C语言中，常数28和3.26具有相同的数据类型。 选择一项：对 错 题目37 若需要定义一个符号常量，并且使C语言能够进行类型检查，则应在定义语句的开始使用保留字const。 选择一项：对 错 题目38 使用const语句定义一个符号常量时，不必对它进行初始化。 选择一项：对 错 题目39 表达式45%13的值为3。 选择一项：对 错 题目40 假定x=5，则表达式2*x++的值为12。 选择一项：对 错 题目41 表达式(float)25/4的值为6。 选择一项：对 错 题目42 表达式x=x+1表示成增量表达式为++x。 选择一项：对 错 题目43 关系表达式(x!=0)的等价表达式为(x)。 选择一项：对 错 题目44 关系表达式x+y>5的相反表达式为x+y<=5。 选择一项：对 错 题目45 逻辑表达式(a>b || b==5)的相反表达式为(a>b b==5)。 选择一项：对 错 题目46 若x=5,y=10，则x>y逻辑值为真。 选择一项：对 错 题目47 假定x=5，则执行“a=(x?10:20);”语句后a的值为10。 选择一项：对 错 题目48 带有随机函数的表达式rand()%20的值所在的区间范围是0~19。 选择一项：对 错 题目49 假定x=5，则执行“y=x++;”语句后，x的值为5。 选择一项：对 错 题目50 假定x=5，则执行“y=++x;”语句后，y的值为6。 选择一项：对 错 形考任务2 一、选择题（共20分，每小题2分）题目1 当处理特定问题时的循环次数已知时，通常采用的语句是（ ）。 选择一项：a. for b. while c. do-while d. switch 题目2 在switch语句的每个case块中，假定都是以break语句结束的，则此switch语句容易被改写成的语句是（ ）。 选择一项：a. for b. if c. do d. while 题目3 for语句能够被改写成的语句是（ ）。 选择一项：a. 复合 b. if c. switch d. while 题目4 下面循环语句执行结束后输出的i值为（ ）。 for(int i=0; i<n; i++) if(i>n/2) {cout<<i<<endl; break;} 选择一项：a. n/2 b. n/2+1 c. n/2-1 d. n-1 题目5 在下面循环语句中，内层循环体S语句的执行总次数为（ ）。 for(int i=0; i<n; i++) for(int j=i; j<n; j++) S; 选择一项：a. n2 b. (n+1)/2 c. n(n-1)/2 d. n(n+1)/2 题目6 在下面的do循环语句中，其循环体被执行的次数为（ ）。 int i=0; do i++; while(i*i<10); 选择一项：a. 4 b. b. 3 c. 5 d. 2 题目7 在下面的一维数组定义中，有语法错误的选项是（ ）。 选择一项：a. int a[]={1,2,3}; b. int a[10]={0}; c. int a[]; d. int a[5]; 题目8 在下面的二维数组定义中，语法正确的选项是（ ）。 选择一项：a. int a[5][]; b. int a[][5]; c. int a[][3]={{1,3,5},{2}}; d. int a[](10); 题目9 假定一个二维数组的定义语句为“int a[3][4]={{3,4},{2,8,6}};”，则元素a[1][1]的值为（ ）。 选择一项：a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8 题目10 假定一个二维数组的定义语句为“int a[3][4]={{3,4},{2,8,6}};”，则元素a[2][1]的值为（ ）。 选择一项：a. 0 b. 4 c. 8 d. 6 二、判断题（共20分，每小题1分。叙述正确则回答“是”，否则回答“否”）题目11 在执行“typedef int DataType;”语句后，标识符DataType与保留字int具有完全相同的含义和作用。 选择一项：对 错 题目12 在switch语句中，每个case和冒号之间的表达式只能是常量。 选择一项：对 错 题目13 为了结束本层循环类语句或switch语句的执行过程，在语句体中需要使用break语句。 选择一项：对 错 题目14 在程序中执行到break语句时，将结束所在函数的执行过程，返回到调用该函数的位置。 选择一项：对 错 题目15 在程序执行完成任一个函数调用后，将结束整个程序的执行过程，返回到操作系统或C语言集成开发环境界面窗口。 选择一项：对 错 题目16 假定一维数组的定义为“char* a[8];”，则该数组所含元素的个数大于8。 选择一项：对 错 题目17 假定二维数组的定义为“int a[3][5];”，则该数组所占存储空间的字节数为60。 选择一项：对 错 题目18 假定二维数组的定义为“char a[M][N];”，则该数组所含元素的个数为M+N。 选择一项：对 错 题目19 假定二维数组的定义为“double a[M][N];”，则每个数组元素的行下标取值范围在0~M-1之间。 选择一项：对 错 题目20 假定二维数组的定义为“double a[M][N];”，则每个数组元素的列下标取值范围在0~N之间。 选择一项：对 错 题目21 存储一个空字符串需要占用0个字节的存储空间。 选择一项：对 错 题目22 使用“typedef char BB[10][50];”语句定义标识符BB为含有10行50列的二维字符数组类型。 选择一项：对 错 题目23 存储字符＇a＇需要占用1个字节的存储空间。 选择一项：对 错 题目24 空字符串的长度为1。 选择一项：对 错 题目25 字符串“a:＼＼xxk＼＼数据“的长度为13。 选择一项：对 错 题目26 为了存储一个长度为n的字符串，所使用的字符数组的长度至少为n+1。 选择一项：对 错 题目27 strcmp函数用于进行两个字符串之间的比较。 选择一项：对 错 题目28 strcpy函数用于把一个字符串拷贝到另一个字符数组空间中。 选择一项：对 错 题目29 一个二维字符数组a[10][20]能够最多存储9个字符串。 选择一项：对 错 题目30 一个二维字符数组a[10][20]能够存储的每个字符串的长度不超过20。 选择一项：对 错 三、填空题：写出下列每个程序运行后的输出结果（共40分，每小题4分）题目31 #include<stdio.h> void main() { int x=5; switch(2*x-3) { case 4: printf(“%d “,x); case 7: printf(“%d “,2*x+1); case 10: printf(“%d “,3*x-1); break; default: printf(“%s“,“default＼n“); } } 答：11 14 题目32 #include<stdio.h> void main() { int i,s=0; for(i=1;i<=5;i++) s+=i*i; printf(“s=%d＼n“,s); } 答：s=55 题目33 #include<stdio.h> void main() { int i, s1=0, s2=0; for(i=0;i<10;i++) if(i%2) s1+=i; else s2+=i; printf(“%d %d＼n“,s1,s2); } 答：25 20 题目34 #include<stdio.h> void main() { int n=6,y=1; while(n) y*=n--; printf(“y=%d＼n“,y); } 答：y=720 题目35 #include<stdio.h> const int M=20; void main() { int i,c2,c3,c5; c2=c3=c5=0; for(i=1; i<=M; i++) { if(i%2==0) c2++; if(i%3==0) c3++; if(i%5==0) c5++; } printf(“%d %d %d＼n“,c2,c3,c5); } 答：10 6 4) 题目36 #include<stdio.h> void main() { int i,s; for(i=1,s=0;i<10;i++) { if(i%3==0) continue; s+=i; } printf(“%d＼n“,s); } 答：27 题目37 #include<stdio.h> void main() { int a[8]={12,39,26,41,55,63,72,40}; int i, i1=0, i2=0; for(i=0;i<8;i++) if(a[i]%2==1) i1++; else i2++; printf(“%d %d＼n“,i1,i2); } 答：4 4 题目38 #include<stdio.h> int a[10]={4,5,6,15,20,13,12,7,8,9}; void main() { int i,s[4]=0; for(i=0; i<10; i++) { switch(a[i]%4) { case 0: s[0]+=a[i];break; case 1: s[1]+=a[i];break; case 2: s[2]+=a[i];break; default: s[3]+=a[i];break; } } for(i=0; i<4; i++) printf(“%d “,s[i]); } 答：44 27 6 22 题目39 #include<stdio.h> void main() { char a[]=“abcdbfbgacd“; int i1=0, i2=0, i=0; while(a[i]) { if(a[i]==＇a＇) i1++; if(a[i]==＇b＇) i2++; i++; } printf(“%d %d %d＼n“,i1,i2,i); } 答：2 3 11 题目40 #include<stdio.h> void main() { int a[3][4]={{1,2,7,8},{5,6,10,6},{9,12,3,4}}; int m=a[0][0]; int i,j; for(i=0; i<3; i++) for(j=0; j<4; j++) if(a[i][j]>m) m=a[i][j]; printf(“%d＼n“,m); } 答：12 四、简答题：根据下列每个题目要求编写程序（共20分，每小题4分）题目41 编写一个函数，函数头格式为“double Mean(double a[M][N],int m,int n)”，要求返回二维数组a[m][n]中所有元素的平均值，假定在计算过程中采用变量v存放平均值。 double Mean(double a[M][N], int m, int n) { int i, j; double v=0.0; for(i=0; i<m; i++) for(j=0; j<n; j++) v+=a[i][j]; v=v/(m+n); return v; } 答：double Mean(double a[M][N],int m,int n) { int i,j; double v=0.0; for(i=0; i<m; i++) for(j=0; j<n; j++) v+=a[i][j]; v/=m*n; return v; } 题目42 编写一个递归函数“int FF(int a[], int n)”，求出数组a中所有n个元素之积并返回。 int FF(int a[ ], int n) { if(n==1) return a[0]; else return FF(a, n-1)*a[n-1]; } 答：int FF(int a[], int n) { if(n==1) return a[n-1]; else return a[n-1]*FF(a,n-1); } 题目43 编写一个主函数，利用while循环，求出并显示满足不等式的最小n值。 #include <stdio.h> void main( ) { int i=0, s=0; while(s<=1000) { i++; s+=i*i; } printf(“满足不等式的最小n 值是: %d＼n“, i); } 答：#include<stdio.h> void main() { int i=0; double s=0; //或int i=1; double s=1; while(s<5) s+=(double)1/++i; printf(“n=%d＼n“,i); } 题目44 编写一个主函数，求出满足不等式22+42+...+n2<1000的最大n值，假定分别用i和s作为取偶数值和累加值的变量，并限定使用do循环编程。 #include <stdio.h> void main( ) { int i=0, s=0; do { i+=2; s+=i*i; }while(s<1000); printf(“满足不等式的最大n值是: %d＼n“, i-2); } 答：#include<stdio.h> void main() { int i=0; //用i作为依次取值偶数的变量 int s=0; //用s作为累加变量 do { i+=2; s+=i*i; }while(s<1000); printf(“n=%d＼n“,i-2); } 题目45 编写一个主函数，计算并输出12+22+...+n2值，其中n值由键盘输入。 #include <stdio.h> void main( ) { int i, n, s=0; printf(“请输入一个整数n:“); scanf(“%d“, n); for(i=1; i<=n; i++) s+=i*i; printf(“s=%d＼n“,s); } 答：#include<stdio.h> void main() { int i; //用i作为计数（循环）变量 int s=0; //用s作为累加变量 int n; printf(“输入一个自然数: “); scanf(“%d“,n); for(i=1; i<=n; i++) s+=i*i; printf(“s=%d＼n“,s); } 形考任务3 一、选择题（共30分，每小题2分）题目1 在下面的函数声明语句中，存在着语法错误的是（ ）。 选择一项：a. AA(int a, int b) b. AA(int, int) c. AA(int a; int b) d. AA(int a, int) 题目2 在下面的保留字中，不能作为函数的返回值类型的是（ ）。 选择一项：a. void b. int c. enum d. long 题目3 假定p是一个指向float型数据的指针，则p+1所指数据的地址比p所指数据的地址增加的字节数为( )。 选择一项：a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8 题目4 假定a为一个数组名，在下面的表达式中，存在语法错误的是( )。 选择一项：a. a[i] b. *a++ c. *a d. *(a+1) 题目5 用calloc函数创建具有10个整型元素的一维数组的正确语句是（ ）。 选择一项：a. int *p=calloc(10,2); b. int *p=calloc(10); c. int *p=calloc(10,4); d. int *p=malloc(10) 题目6 假定变量m定义为“int m=7;”，则下面正确的语句为（ ）。 选择一项：a. int p=m; b. int *p=m; c. int p=*m; d. int *p=m; 题目7 假定k是一个double类型的变量，则定义变量p的正确语句为（ ）。 选择一项：a. double p=k; b. int *p=k; c. double p=*k; d. char *p=“Thank you!“; 题目8 若有语句为“int a[10], x, *pa=a;”，要把数组a中下标为3的元素值赋给x，则不正确的语句为（ ）。 选择一项：a. x=pa[3]; b. x=*(a+3); c. x=a[3]; d. x=*pa+3; 题目9 假定有语句为“int b[10]; int *pb;”，则下面不正确的赋值语句为（ ）。 选择一项：a. pb=b; b. pb=b[0]; c. pb=b+2; d. pb=b[5]; 题目10 已知“int *p=malloc(100);”，要释放p所指向的动态内存，正确的语句为（ ）。 选择一项：a. free(p); b. free p; c. free(*p); d. free[p]; 题目11 在程序的一个文件中定义的函数，若要在另一个文件中调用，则必须在这另一个文件中给出该函数的（ ）。 选择一项：a. 原型语句 b. 参数表 c. 函数名 d. 返回类型 题目12 假定一个函数定义为“static int f1(int x,int y){return x+y;}”，该函数名称为（ ）。 选择一项：a. static b. int c. f1 d. return 题目13 假定一个函数的原型语句为“int ff(int* x);”，一个整型数组为a[10]，则下面函数调用表达式不正确的是（ ）。 选择一项：a. ff(a) b. ff(a[0]) c. ff(a+3) d. ff(a[0]) 题目14 假定一个函数的数组参数说明为char a[]，与之等价的指针参数说明为（ ）。1B 选择一项：a. char a b. char* a c. char a d. char**a 题目15 假定一个函数的二维数组参数说明为char w[][N]，与之等价的指针参数说明为（ ）。 选择一项：a. char (*w)[N] b. char *w[N] c. char (*w)N d. char**a 二、判断题（共30分，每小题2分。叙述正确则回答“是”，否则回答“否”）题目16 在C语言中，一个函数由函数头和函数体组成。 选择一项：对 错 题目17 在函数模块之外定义的变量称为全局变量，若没有被初始化则系统隐含对它赋初值0。 选择一项：对 错 题目18 如果一个函数只允许同一程序文件中的函数调用，则不应在该函数定义的开始前加上保留字static。 选择一项：对 错 题目19 如果在一个函数体中又出现对自身函数的调用，此种函数调用被称为递归调用。 选择一项：对 错 题目20 调用系统函数时，要先使用#include命令包含该系统函数的原型语句所在的系统头文件。 选择一项：对 错 题目21 函数形参变量不属于局部变量。 选择一项：对 错 题目22 假定p所指对象的值为25，p+1所指对象的值为46，则*p++的值为46。 选择一项：对 错 题目23 假定p所指对象的值为25，p+1所指对象的值为46，则*++p的值为25。 选择一项：对 错 题目24 假定p所指对象的值为25，p+1所指对象的值为46，则执行*(p++)运算后，p所指对象的值为46。 选择一项：对 错 题目25 假定a是一个指针数组，则a+i所指对象的地址比a地址大4*i字节。 选择一项：对 错 题目26 若要把一个整型指针p转换为字符指针，则采用的强制转换表达式为(char*)p。 选择一项：对 错 题目27 假定一个数据对象为int*类型，则指向该对象的指针类型仍为int*类型。 选择一项：对 错 题目28 假定x为一个简单变量，则x表示x的地址。 选择一项：对 错 题目29 若p指向x，则*p与x的值不同。 选择一项：对 错 题目30 NULL是一个符号常量，通常作为空指针值，它代表的值为0。 选择一项：对 错 三、写出下列每个程序运行后的输出结果（共20分，每小题4分）题目31 #include<stdio.h> int WF(int x, int y) { x=x+y; y=x+y; return x+y; } void main() { int x=5, y=7; int z=WF(x,y); printf(“z=%d＼n“,z); } 答：z=31 题目32 #include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> void fun(char ss[]); void main() { char s[15]=“0123456789“; fun(s); printf(“%s＼n“,s); } void fun(char ss[]) { int i, n=strlen(ss) ; for(i=0; i<n/2; i++) { char c=ss[i]; ss[i]=ss[n-1-i]; ss[n-1-i]=c; } } 答：987543210 题目33 #include<stdio.h> int Count(int a[], int n, int x) { int i,c=0; for(i=0;i<n;i++) if(a[i]>x) c++; return c; } void main() { int a[8]={20,15,32,47,24,36,28,70}; int b=Count(a,8,30); printf(“b=%d＼n“,b); } 答：B=4 题目34 #include<stdio.h> void main() { int a[8]={3,5,7,9,2,3,4,8}; int s=0,*p; for(p=a;p<a+8;) s+=*p++; printf(“s=%d＼n“,s); } 答：s=41 题目35 #include<stdio.h> int LA(int *a, int n, int x) { int i,s=0; for(i=0;i<n;i++) if(a[i]<x) s+=a[i]; return s; } void main() { int a[8]={5,10,15,8,12,3,9,20}; int b=LA(a,5,10); int c=LA(a+2,6,10); printf(“%d %d＼n“,b,c); } 答：13 20 四、写出下列每个函数的功能（共20分，每小题4分）题目36 double SF(double x, int n) { //n为正整数 double p=1,s=1; int i; for(i=1;i<=n;i++) { p*=x; s+=p; } return s; } 答：计算出1+x+x2+...+xn的值并返回。 题目37 int SG(int x) { //x为大于等于2的整数 int i=2; while(i*i<=x) { if(x%i==0) break; i++; } if(i*i<=x) return 0; else return 1; } 答：判断x是否为一个质数（素数），若是则返回1，否则返回0。 题目38 int WB(int a[], int n, int x) { for(int i=0;i<n;i++) if(a[i]==x) return 1; return 0; } 答：从数组a[n]中顺序查找值为x的元素，若查找成功则返回1，否则返回0。 题目39 int fun(int m, int n) { int c=0; static int b=2; if(m<b || n<b) return m*n; else if(m%b==0 n%b==0) {c=b; return c*fun(m/b,n/b);} else {b++; return fun(m,n);} } 答：一个递归函数过程，求出两个自然数m和n的最小公倍数。 题目40 int LK(double a[], int n) { double s=0; int i,m=0; for(i=0;i<n;i++) s+=a[i]; s/=n; for(i=0;i<n;i++) if(a[i]>=s) m++; return m; } 答：求出并返回数组a的n个元素中大于等于平均值的元素个数。 形考任务4 一、选择题（共30分，每小题2分）题目1 假定有“struct BOOK{char title[40]; float price;}; struct BOOK book;”，则不正确的语句为（ ）。 选择一项：a. struct BOOK *x=malloc(book); b. struct BOOK x={“C++ Programming“,27.0}; c. struct BOOK *x=malloc(sizeof(struct BOOK)); d. struct BOOK *x=book; 题目2 假定有“struct BOOK{char title[40]; float price;} book;”，则正确的语句为（ ）。 选择一项：a. struct BOOK x= book; b. struct BOOK *x=book; c. struct BOOK x=calloc(BOOK); d. struct BOOK *x=BOOK; 题目3 在结构类型的定义中，不同数据成员的定义项之间采用的分隔符是（ ）。 选择一项：a. 句点 b. 冒号 c. 分号 d. 逗号 题目4 假定一个结构类型的定义为 “struct A{int a,b; double c;};”，则该类型的长度为（ ）。 选择一项：a. 8 b. 10 c. 12 d. 16 题目5 假定一个结构类型的定义为 “struct D{int a; D* next;};”，则该类型的长度为（ ）。 选择一项：a. 4 b. 8 c. 12 d. 16 反馈 Your answer is correct. 题目6 假定要访问一个结构指针变量x中的数据成员a，则表示方法为（ ）。 选择一项：a. x.a b. x->a c. x(a) d. x{a} 题目7 与结构成员访问表达式x.name等价的表达式为（ ）。 选择一项：a. x->name b. x->name c. (x)->name d. (*x)->name 题目8 假定一个链表中结点的结构类型为“struct AA{int data, struct AA *next;};”，则next数据成员的类型为（ ）。 选择一项：a. struct AA b. struct AA* c. AA d. int 题目9 假定一个链表的表头指针为f，结点中包含有data和next域，则向该链表的表头插入一个地址为p的结点时，应执行的操作为（ ）。 选择一项：a. p->next=f b. p->next=f和f=p c. f=p->next d. f->next=p和f=p 题目10 标准输入设备键盘的文件流标识符是（ ）。 选择一项：a. stdin b. stdout c. stderr d. stdio 题目11 表示文件结束符的符号常量为（ ）。 选择一项：a. eof b. Eof c. EOF d. feof 题目12 C语言中打开一个数据文件的系统函数为（ ）。 选择一项：a. fgetc() b. fputc() c. fclose() d. fopen() 题目13 从一个数据文件中读入以换行符结束的一行字符串的系统函数为（ ）。 选择一项：a. gets() b. fgets() c. getc() d. fgetc() 题目14 向一个二进制文件中写入信息的函数fwrite()带有的参数个数为（ ）。 选择一项：a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 题目15 在C语言中，为只写操作打开一个文本文件的方式为（ ）。 选择一项：a. “a“ b. “r+“ c. “r“ d. “w“ 二、判断题（共40分，每小题2分。叙述正确则回答“是”，否则回答“否”）题目16 在结构类型的定义中，其中的数据成员可以是本身类型的直接对象。 选择一项：对 错 题目17 在结构类型的定义中，允许出现结构类型不完整的超前定义。 选择一项：对 错 题目18 定义结构类型的变量时，不能够同时进行初始化。 选择一项：对 错 题目19 使用一个结构类型时，必须一起使用关键字struct和类型标识符。 选择一项：对 错 题目20 假定一个结构类型的定义为 “struct A{int a,b; A* c;};”，则该类型的长度为12。 选择一项：对 错 题目21 假定一个结构类型的定义为 “struct B{int a[5]; char* b;};”，则该类型的长度为20。 选择一项：对 错 题目22 执行calloc(n,8)函数调用时，将动态分配得到8*n个字节的存储空间。 选择一项：对 错 题目23 执行malloc(sizeof(struct BB))函数调用时，得到的动态存储空间能够保存具有struct BB结构类型的一个对象。 选择一项：对 错 题目24 假定要访问一个结构对象x中的由a指针成员所指向的对象，则表示方法为x.a。 选择一项：对 错 题目25 假定要访问一个结构指针p所指对象中的b指针成员所指的对象，则表示方法为p->b。 选择一项：对 错 题目26 与结构成员访问表达式(*fp).score等价的表达式是fp->score。 选择一项：对 错 题目27 在C语言中，对二进制文件的所有不同打开方式共有6种。 选择一项：对 错 题目28 C语言中的标准输入和输出设备文件都属于字符文件。 选择一项：对 错 题目29 在一个磁盘数据文件的文件名中，文件主名和扩展名都是必须的，不可省略。 选择一项：对 错 题目30 在数据文件打开方式字符串中，字符r、w和a具有确定的含义，分别代表读、写和追加方式。 选择一项：对 错 题目31 一个磁盘数据文件的文件名由文件主名和扩展名所组成，其中间用圆点分开。 选择一项：对 错 题目32 C语言系统中提供一个用来描述文件属性的类型标识符为FILE。 选择一项：对 错 题目33 每次只能向文本文件中写入一个字符，不能一次写入一个字符串。 选择一项：对 错 题目34 对二进制文件进行读和写操作将使用相同的系统函数。 选择一项：对 错 题目35 在C语言中，系统函数fseek()用来移动数据文件中的文件位置指针。 选择一项：对 错 三、写出下列每个程序运行后的输出结果（共15分，每小题5分）题目36 #include<stdio.h> struct Worker { char name[15]; //姓名 int age; //年龄 float pay; //工资 }; void main() { struct Worker x={“wanghua“,52,4300}; struct Worker y, *p; y=x; p=x; printf(“%s %d %6.2f＼n“,x.name,y.age,p->pay); } 答：wanghua 52 4300 题目37 #include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> struct Worker { char name[15]; //姓名 int age; //年龄 float pay; //工资 }; void main() { struct Worker x; char *t=“liouting“; int d=38; float f=3493; strcpy(x.name,t); x.age=d; x.pay=f; printf(“%s %d %6.0f＼n“,x.name,x.age,x.pay); } 答：liouting 39 2493 题目38 #include<stdio.h> struct Worker {char name[15]; int age; float pay;}; int Less(struct Worker r1, struct Worker r2) { if(r1.age<r2.age) return 1; else return 0; } void main() { struct Worker a[4]={{“abc“,25,2420},{“def“,58,4638}, {“ghi“,49,4260},{“jkl“,36,3750}}; struct Worker x=a[0]; int i; for(i=1; i<4; i++) if(Less(x,a[i])) x=a[i]; printf(“%s %d %6.0f＼n“,x.name,x.age,x.pay); } 答：def 58 4638 四、写出下列每个函数的功能（共15分，每小题5分）题目39 void QA(struct Worker a[], int n) { int i; for(i=1; i<n; i++) scanf(“%s %d %f“,a[i].name,a[i].age,a[i].pay); } 假定结构类型struct Worker 的定义如下： struct Worker { char name[15]; int age; float pay;}; 答：从键盘输入n个Worker类型的记录到一维数组a中。 题目40 int Count(struct IntNode *f) { //f为指向一个单链表的表头指针 int c=0; while(f) { c++; f=f->next; } return c; } 假定struct IntNode的类型定义为： struct IntNode {int data; IntNode* next;}; 答：统计出以表头指针为f的链表中结点的个数。 题目41 void xw1(char* fname) { FILE* fout=fopen(fname,“w“); char a[20]; printf(“每个字符串长度小于20，字符串end作为结束标志＼n“); while(1) { scanf(“%s“,a); if(strcmp(a,“end“)==0) break; fputs(a,fout); fputc(＇＼n＇,fout); } fclose(fout); } 答：把从键盘上输入的若干个字符串保存到由fname参数所指定的文本文件中。 《高级英语阅读(1)》网络课答案 形考任务一（70分）Chapter 1 Exercise（分值7分）题目1 I. Vocabulary skills（3 points）Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word on the right with the correct definition on the left. (0.5 points each) 1.the bus or subway 2.proof of completion of courses of students 3.money for students from scholarships, grants, or loans 4.formal talks by professors or instructors on subjects of study 5.courses by video, video conferencing, or computers to students in different places 6.the points or grade a student gets on a test 答案： II. Reading Comprehension (4 points) Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each ) Experiencing Culture Shock A When Eliza James arrived at the University of Xian, she was excited to live in a new country, to improve her Chinese, and to experience a culture so different from her own. But soon her excitement turned to frustration as she encountered one roadblock after another. “I felt like I couldn＇t accomplish anything. My dorm room had no heat, I couldn＇t get into the classes I wanted, and every time I asked someone for help they gave me the runaround. I felt like no one was listening to me.“ Eliza met with administrators, sent letters of complaint, and even contacted the consulate in Beijing, but she got nowhere. What Eliza didn＇t realize was that her American approach to solving problems was very different from the Chinese one in which patience and negotiation skills are key. She soon learned how to solve problems within the cultural norms of Chinese society instead of forcing her own values onto those around her. “I finally feel like I fit in and that I know what I＇m doing. In fact, it＇s really fun being in a place that＇s so incredibly different from what I am accustomed to.“ B Yoshi Yamamoto is a junior at a small college outside of Boston. Although he is an honors student now, Yoshi didn＇t always have such an easy time studying in America. “Teaching methods are very different here than they are in Japan. It took me a long time to get used to learning in seminars and discussing ideas with my classmates. At first it seemed like I wasn＇t actually learning anything.“ Yoshi＇s reaction was to totally withdraw: he didn＇t participate in class discussion; he spent lots of time alone in his room, and he even skipped class on occasion. “I thought I could teach myself. Now I recognize the value of the U.S. academic system, and I am able to adapt it to my own learning style.“ C Both Eliza and Yoshi experienced what is called culture shock: psychological disorientation due to living in a new culture. For many international students, studying abroad can offer exposure to new cultures and an opportunity to study new fields and languages. However, it also offers the greater challenge of trying to function in a foreign culture. Studying and reading about a certain culture is poor preparation for the reality of living in it. According to psychological studies, the four stages of culture shock are 1. euphoria, 2. hostility, 3. gradual adjustment, and 4. adaptation. Culture shock can be manifested in many ways: homesickness, boredom, stereotyping of or hostility towards the host culture, overeating or overdrinking, withdrawal, and inability to work effectively. D Different people experience different levels of culture shock and react in different ways. For example, Eliza got angry while Yoshi withdrew from society. The most important thing to remember is that culture shock is normal; it is not something to be ashamed of. Luckily, there are some things international students can do to make their adjustment to a new country go more smoothly. For instance, they can stay in touch with family and friends from home, join international student organizations, meet people from their own countries, and get involved in campus activities. Most importantly, they can adjust to life abroad by keeping a sense of humor and trying to remain positive. Recognizing Paragraph Topics（choose the paragraph letter）题目2 7. an explanation of culture shock 选择一项：A. A B. B C. C D. D 题目3 8. ways that students can adjust to living in a new country 选择一项：A. A B. B C. C D. D 题目4 9. the experience of an international student in the United States 选择一项：A. A B. B C. C D. D 题目5 10. the experience of an international student in China 选择一项：A. A B. B C. C D. D Chapter 2 Exercise（分值7分）题目1 I. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）Sometimes examples can explain the meaning of a word or phrase. For example, sun, rain, and wind are examples of kinds of weather. Look at the columns below. Match each vocabulary word or phrase in the first column with the examples in the second column. (0.4 points each) 1.kinds of extreme weather 2.Earth’s natural materials and gases 3. diseases or health disorders 4. seasons of the year 5. natural areas or regions of the earth 答案： II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B or C. (1 point each) Seasonal Affective Disorder: More than Just the Blues A Joshua dreads the winter months, not only because of the cold New England weather--the sleet, snow, wind, and rain--but because as the seasons change from summer to fall to winter, the days get shorter. As the days get shorter, he starts feeling depressed and irritable and spends more and more time at home, eating and sleeping. A graduate student in philosophy, Joshua finds that he gets little work done during the winter months and has trouble paying attention in class and concentrating on his research. “I soon realized that what I thought was just the ＇winter blues＇ was something more extreme than that.“ Josh visited a doctor who diagnosed him with SAD. B Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a kind of depression that occurs seasonally. It is associated with the long hours of darkness and lack of sunlight during the winter months (people with SAD usually feel worse from December through February). Scientists don＇t completely understand the exact causes of SAD, but they believe it is related to a biochemical imbalance in the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is the basic part of the brain that controls the body＇s breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and hormone release. The effects of SAD include moodiness, irritability, low energy, increased appetite for carbohydrates (foods such as potatoes, rice, and bread), difficulty concentrating, and the tendency to oversleep. C Although doctors described SAD for the first time in 1984, humans have probably dealt with the disorder for thousands of years. It is not a coincidence that many cultures have important celebrations during the short days of the winter months. Christmas, Hanukkah, and Winter Solstice celebrations all occur in December. These celebrations involve lighting candles in order to bring light, warmth, and happiness to an otherwise depressing time of year. D So what can SAD sufferers do to feel better? Naturally, they need more light. For people who have mild cases of SAD, exercising in the morning sun could be enough to help them. Phototherapy, or light therapy, is usually prescribed for people who have more serious cases of the disorder. In light therapy, patients sit in front of a light box, a strong artificial light, for up to four hours a day. Phototherapy is effective in over 80% of SAD cases, and patients usually see results within three to four days. Although the symptoms of SAD are similar to those of clinical depression, traditional antidepressants have not proven useful in treating SAD. While psychological counseling cannot treat the symptoms of SAD, it is recommended to help SAD sufferers learn to accept and deal with their illness. 题目2 6. Joshua starts feeling depressed and irritable in the winter because 选择一项：A. he gets little work done B. he suffers from Seasonal Affective Disorder C. he is a graduate student in philosophy 题目3 7. Seasonal Affective Disorder, or SAD, is a condition that researchers believe affects people during the winter months. Scientists believe it is caused by 选择一项：A. breathing, heartbeat, metabolism, and hormone release B. moodiness, irritability, loss of energy, increased appetite, difficulty concentrating, and sleepiness C. lack of sunlight and a biochemical imbalance in the brain 题目4 8. Humans have probably struggled with SAD since 选择一项：A. ancient times B. December C. 1984 题目5 9. People who suffer from SAD can to feel better. 选择一项：A. do light therapy B. take antidepressant drugs C. eat carbohydrates 题目6 10. This passage talks about_____. 选择一项：A. what the SAD effects are B. Both A and B. C. how to help SAD suffers Chapter 3 Exercise（分值7分）I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Read the passages, then answer the questions that follow. (1 point each ) Fast food can be good food Many people are too busy to prepare and eat three nutritious meals a day.so they turn to the convenience of fast-food restaurants. Many of the items at fast-food restaurants, snack bars, and food stands are fattening and not very nutritious.But fast food doesn’t have to be unhealthy.you can eat at fast-food restaurants and still eat well. Pay Attention to Calories and Fat Content By paying attention to the number of calories and fat that a food item has ,you can make smarter choices.Calories are “units for measuring how much energy a food will produce”.condsider two fast-food meals. A quarter-pound hamburger with cheese, jumbo-size fries,and a 16-ounce soda have a total of 1,535 calories and 76 grams of fat .a broiled (cooked under direct heat or over a flame )chicken sandwich ,a side salad with low-fat dressing,and a glass of water at the same fast-food restaurant have only 422 calories and 7 grams of fat .but maybe you really want a hamburger and fries .well,you can have a small hamburger,a small serving of fries,and a glass of water.At a total of 490 calories and 20 grams of fat,that’s still a much smarter choice than the large burger ,fries,and 20 grams of fat ,that’s still a much smarter choice than the large burger,fries,and sada. There’s More That You Can Do There are a few additional things you can do to make sure you eat well in fast food restaurantS.First of all,say “no” when the cashier asks you if you want to “supersize” you meal (order an extra large portion of each item).Second, ask for no mayonnaise or sauce,or ask for it on the side (in a separate dish).Third,substitute(use something instead of something else)healthy foods for fatty ones. For example,instead of ordering deep-fried tempura,order fresh vegetables.Instead of ordering a beef burrito with lots of cheese and sour cream,order a vegetable burrito with beans and rice.and don’t eat the chips!Another thing you can do is order a side salad or a vegetable soup and eat it first.That way,you will eat some vegetables,and you won’t be able to eat as much of your burger and fries.Fnally,eat slowly and stop eating when you’re full. It sounds simple,but many people keep eating even after they become full. 题目1 1.What is the main idea of this article ?________ 选择一项：A. It’s smart to eat foods with low calories and fat content. B. Fast food is always bad for you . C. You can eat well in fast-food restaurant D. Fast-food restaurants are the best the place to find healthy foods . 题目2 2.A small hamburger and small firies has __________ 选择一项：A. more calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad. B. the same amount of calories and fat as a chicken sandwich and a salad. C. fewer calories and fat than a chicken sandwich and a salad. D. the same amount of calories and fat as a large portion of fries. 题目3 3.Some things you can do to eat well in fast-food restaurants are________ 选择一项：A. ask for eatra manyonnaise and sauce and say no to “surpersizing” . B. order a vegetable burrito instead of chips and eat sour cream . C. order smaller portions and eat all the food you order. D. order healthy foods instead of fatty ones and drink water. 题目4 4.Manyonnaise and sauces probably_________ 选择一项：A. make you eat less because they make you feel full sooner. B. make you eat more because they make your food taste better. C. have a lot of fat and calories. D. don’t have a lot of fat and calories. 题目5 5. By eating a salad or soup before the rest of your meal,_______ 选择一项：A. you eat less of the rest of your meal. B. you eat more slowly. C. you get full sooner. D. you eat the rest of your meal more quickly. II. Vocabulary skills（2 points）Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. (0.4 points each) 题目6 changes damaging losing global available The growing similarities in diet and eating habits around the world are influencing people of various cultures in different ways. For example, Western foods are 6 damaging health in the industrialized island country of Japan. Instead of small meals of seafood, rice, and vegetables, the typical Japanese diet now includes large amounts of meat, dairy products, and desserts like tiramisu, a rich Italian dish full of chocolate, cheese, and sugar. According to Japanese health researchers, such 7 changes in eating habits are related to a great increase in health problems such as heart disease, strokes, cancer, and diabetes. On the other hand, the changing 8 global diet is having the opposite effect on the people in the CzechRepublic. The government of this European nation no longer supports meat and dairy products financially, so the cost of these foods is going up. In contrast, fresh fruits and vegetables are becoming more widely 9 available from private markets and stands. Cooks are even serving salads to schoolchildren, and families are eating healthier home-cooked meals. For these reasons, fewer Czech men are having heart attacks, the women are 10 losing a lot of weight, and most people are living healthier lives. Chapter 4 Exercise（分值7分 I. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）题目1 Match each vocabulary word on the left with the correct definition on the right. (0.4 points each) 1.make sense 2.pedestrians 3.vehicle 4.teenager 5.fine 答案： II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each) These days, it’s getting easier and easier to find your way around. Some people have GPS devices in their cars to make sure they don’t get lost. GPS stands for Global Positioning System. These devices use satellites in space to “see” where you are and give you directions to where you want to go. And if you don’t have a GPS device, you can simply go online to get step-by-step directions. Websites like MapQuest.com and mappoint.msn.com can produce a map and directions in just a few seconds. But how do they do it? MapQuest® uses data (information) from a few different sources to produce directions and maps. Before MapQuest® went online, it sold regular paper maps in places like gas stations. The website uses the data from those paper maps, information from digital mapping companies, and government databases. At the moment, MapQuest® uses more than 30 computers to read all this data and provides users with millions of maps every day. In order to find the best route (way or path) from one place to another, MapQuest® first has to look at all possible routes. Then MapQuest® looks at each part of each possible route. It considers the types of roads on the different routes. Are they dirt roads, paved roads, freeways, or city streets? It looks at how many turns there are in each route and what kinds of turns they are. Are they right turns or left turns? It also considers the speed limit on each road and how many intersections there are. An intersection is “a place where two or more roads cross each other”. MapQuest® can also tell you how long your trip will take you. It does this by doing some math. MapQuest® bases its estimated driving times on the length and speed limit of each part of the route and the amount of time it probably takes to get through each intersection. For example, it allows more time for a left turn at an intersection than it does for a right turn. Someday, maybe we will have cars that can just drive us wherever we want to go, but for now, mapping websites make it a little harder to get lost. 题目2 6.What is the main idea of this article? 选择一项：A. Why mapping websites don’t work well. B. Why mapping websites are better than paper maps. C. How mapping websites work. D. How the first mapping website started. 题目3 7.According to the article, MapQuest®______ 选择一项：A. started as maker of government databases. B. started as an Internet company. C. uses millions of computers to read data. D. starting by selling paper maps. 题目4 8.When you search for directions, the first thing MapQuest® does is_______ 选择一项：A. consider how many turns you want to take. B. print out a map and directions. C. estimate driving time. D. look at all possible paths. 题目5 9.When it’s deciding on the best route, MapQuest® probably chooses ________ 选择一项：A. the route with the most turns. B. dirt roads instead of paved roads. C. freeways instead of dirt roads. D. city streets instead of freeways. 题目6 10. To estimate your driving time, MapQuest® considers _________ 选择一项：A. the distance between turns on your route. B. the speed limit for half of the route. C. the fastest and slowest speed limits on your route. D. the speed limits and types of turns on your route. Chapter 5 Exercise（分值7分）I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Read the five main-idea questions that follow about the information in the reading. Three details correctly answer each question. Cross out the untrue, unrelated detail. (1 point each ) 题目1 1. What are the definitions of the two main types of families? 选择一项：A. Human beings lived in loosely-related groups. Each group had a common ancestor long time ago. B. The nuclear family consists of two parents and their biological or adopted children. C. The extended family may include grandparents, parents, children and relatives living together on the same street or in the same area. D. The nuclear family is the same as the extended family. 题目2 2. What are the reasons for the changes in the structure of the family? 选择一项：A. The divorce rate went down and the birthrate began to rise in the early 1900s in the United States. B. Couples did not want many children then. C. In the early 1900s in the United States, the divorce rated went down and the birthrate went down. D. At that time, couples were staying married for few years. 题目3 3. What happened to families in industrialized countries in the 1930s and 1940s? 选择一项：A. Before and during World War II, families faced few financial problems and women didn’t have to work away from home. B. Men were at war, so women had to work outside the home. C. Before and during World War II, families had problems. D. Families had serious financial problems during World War II. 题目4 4. What changes will happen to family structure during the next decades? 选择一项：A. Divorces would be fewer, mothers would stay at home after the war. B. Children began living at home longer. C. After the war, family structure changed back. D. After the war, there were more divorces and fewer stay-home-mothers. 题目5 5. What will families be like in the future? 选择一项：A. Many people want the traditional two-parent family back. B. Two-parent family will probably come back and all other family forms will end. C. Unmarried parents with adopted or foster children, and one-person households. D. There may be more single-parent families. II. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. ( 0.4 points each) 题目6 living extended category typical believe The Family of the Future Many people today would like the traditional two-parent family back—that is to say, they want a man and a woman to marry for life; they also think the man should sport the family and the woman should stay home with the children. However, few families now fall into this 6 category In fact, if more women decide to have children on their own, the single-parent household may become more 7 typical than the traditional family in many countries. Also, unmarried couples may decided to have more children—or they might take in foster children or adopt. And because people are staying single and 8 living longer (often as widows), there may be more one-person households in the future. On the other hand, some people 9 believe similar events happen again and again in history. If this is true, people may go back to the traditional 10 extended or nuclear family of the past. Others think the only certainty in history is changing: in other words, the structure of the future family could begin to change faster and faster—and in more and more ways. Chapter 6 Exercise（分值7分）I. Vocabulary skills（2 points）Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. （0.4 points each）题目1 1. Some examples of the architecture of old Europe are the magnificent cathedrals and castles. The design and building styles of modern architecture are excellent too. What does the noun architecture mean in these sentences? 选择一项：A. the place with significant civilization everywhere B. people that study the culture of old Europe and other societies C. the art and science of designing the study of classical literature D. the form and plan of buildings and other structures 题目2 2. Perhaps the real beginning of civilization—with its scientific and technological discoveries and inventions—was in the Middle East and Africa. Over five thousand years ago, those ancient civilizations had astronomy, mathematics, medicine, government, and so on. Which word is a synonym of the word civilization? 选择一项：A. technology B. cathedral C. culture D. astronomy 题目3 3. The cultural legacy of ancient Chinese and Indian peoples included walled cities, the first governments, tools for work, and weapons for protection. odern peoples built on this legacy.What is a possible explanation of the word legacy? 选择一项：A. ideas and achievements passed from earlier generations to modern society B. a gift of money that somebody gives to another person C. international business conducted in cities and government structures D. the state or condition of being legal; not against the law 题目4 4. “For me, the idea of ancient culture creates a contradiction in definitions,” said Karen, going against Mei’s views. “Only modern things can be part of culture.Of course, people that like classical art and music will contradict me.” What might the noun contradiction mean? 选择一项：A. the opposition of two opinions B. wearing a Hawaiian shirt in an ancient culture C. the short forms of two words together D. to put words together 题目5 5. Because of the worldwide media—movies, TV, CDs, the Internet, newspapers, magazines—everybody knows the same information, plays the same music, and enjoys the same jokes.How might you define the phrase the media? 选择一项：A. the combination of visual, sound, and printed ways to send ideas around the world B. communication styles include motions, gestures and facial expressions C. the tradition of being in the middle—not on the extremes of possible views D. events that appear in the daily news and that everyone knows about II.Reading Comprehension (5 points) Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for True and “F” for False. （1 point each）题目6 Many visitors to different countries don’t realize how important it is to understand a country’s culture. Sometimes people learn this lesson by making a big cross-cultural blunder, or embarrassing mistake. In business situations, these blunders can cost a lot of money or end business relationships. 6.It is important to understand other people’s cultures before you do business with them. 选择一项：A. F B. T 题目7 For example, one company wanted to sell toothpaste in Southeast Asia. In their advertisements, they claimed that their toothpaste whitens teeth. They didn’t understand that many of the local people chewed betel nuts to make their teeth black, and that these people thought black teeth were attractive. 7. The toothpaste company probably kept using the same advertisement in Southeast Asia. 选择一项：A. F B. T 题目8 In another case, a car company tried to sell a car called “Matador” in a Spanish-speaking country. The company thought that it was a strong name because it means “bullfighter”. In Spanish, matador is indeed a noun meaning “bullfighter”. But it is also an adjective meaning “killing”. Imagine driving around in a car called “Killing”! 8. The car company that tried to sell a car to a Spanish-speaking country probably didn’t sell many Matador cars in that country. 选择一项：A. F B. T 题目9 A European businessman had an important meeting with a company in Taiwan. He wanted to bring gifts for the people he was meeting with. He thought that something with his company’s logo on it would be a nice gift. So he bought some very nice pocket knives and had his company’s logo printed on them. He didn’t know that giving a knife as a gift symbolizes cutting off a friendship! 9. The European businessman probably researches new cultures before he visits them now. 选择一项：A. T B. F 题目10 It’s very easy to make blunders like these people did. But it’s also very easy not to. Before you visit a new country, research that country’s customs and etiquette (social rules for polite behavior). You can find a lot of information online. Just go to a search engine and type in key words like “cross-cultural etiquette” or “cultural information Taiwan”. By spending a few minutes doing research, you can save yourself from a lot of embarrassment and make sure you don’t accidentally offend anyone. 10. What you can disagree with people to save yourself from making cross-cultural blunders. 选择一项：A. T B. F Chapter 7 Exercise（分值7分）I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for True and “F” for False on the Answer Sheet. (1 point each) 题目1 For instance, a doctor doesn’t always have time to thoroughly explain an illness. In these cases, the Internet can be a valuable resource—a place to read all about the causes, symptoms, and remedies for an illness. 1. One benefit of using the Internet as a medical resource is it has a lot of information about illnesses and diseases. 选择一项：A. F B. T 题目2 For example, some websites claim that sniffing (smelling) a newspaper can cure nausea (the feeling of being sick to your stomach and wanting to vomit). 2. One possible remedy for nausea is drinking a lot of tea. 选择一项：A. T B. F 题目3 Other websites suggest that a person with a cold should keep a piece of raw garlic in his or her mouth all day and bite down on it every few minutes to release the juice. People with smelly feet are told to soak their feet in tea for half an hour. 3. The websites remedies might be unpleasant or odd, but they probably will cause harm. And who knows? They might actually be unhelpful. 选择一项：A. F B. T 题目4 An herbal remedy for helping your memory may also be a blood thinner. So if your doctor prescribed (put you on) a blood thinner and you start taking this herb without asking your doctor about it, a simple cut could be deadly; you might not be able to stop bleeding. 4. A person who is taking a prescribed drug should probably talk to the doctor before taking an herbal remedy. 选择一项：A. F B. T 题目5 The bottom line is this: be careful when using the Internet as a health resource. Use it to find information that you can discuss with your doctor. But don’t spend a lot of money on “miracle cures”. 5. The best way to use the Internet as a medical resource is to read about your illness and discuss what you find out with your doctor. 选择一项：A. T B. F II. Vocabulary skills（2 points）Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank with a word from the box. ( 0.4 points each) 题目6 disease substance classification prevent figure In a small-town farm market, hundreds of elderly people drink a glass of sour dark cherry juice every day. These happy senior citizens, some of them over the age of 90, claim that the natural fruit juice cures—or at least decreases—the pain of their arthritis, a 6 disease of the joints of the aging body. It’s a folk remedy, not a proven medical therapy. Nevertheless, science is beginning to 7 figure out why sour cherry juice might work to improve the health of patients with arthritis. The secret is in the 8 substance that gives the cherries their dark red color. It belongs to a 9 classification of natural nutrients that color blueberries, strawberries, plums, and other fruits—and vegetables too. Moreover, these coloring substances may help to 10 prevent serious health disorders like heart disease and cancer. In other words, vitamins and fiber are not the only reasons to eat fruits and vegetables. “To take advantage of natural whole foods,” advise nutritionists. Chapter 8 Exercise（分值7分）I. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. ( 0.4 points each) 题目1 1.At all hours, the media offer language learners “real-life” audio visual instruction and practice in aural comprehension. 选择一项：A. hospital and health information B. understanding spoken language C. the answers to test questions D. real-life experience 题目2 2. High-quality TV programming —a good plan of shows about various fields of study—can increase people’s knowledge and improve their thinking abilities. 选择一项：A. scientific and medical shows B. movies with good music C. academic lecture courses D. choice and organization of shows 题目3 3. Television and video provide almost everyone with good entertainment—a pleasant way to relax and spend free time at home. 选择一项：A. amusement or pleasure B. freedom from worry and tension C. relaxation through exercise D. fun through serious study 题目4 4. Images of violence on the screen scare people, giving them terrible nightmares when they sleep. 选择一项：A. dark, stormy weather B. bad conditions C. physical disabilities D. behavior that hurts people 题目5 5. The talk shows of “trash TV” make instant “stars” of real people with strange or immoral ideas, who tell their most personal secrets, shout angrily, and attack one another. 选择一项：A. valuable programs B. negative effects C. shows without quality D. normal life stories II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following sentences by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each) A Everyone makes mistakes, or so the saying goes. But have you ever heard about mistakes in Hollywood? When most people think of Hollywood, they think of blockbusters (very successful movies), high-paid actors, glitz, and glamour. But according to one Website, many Hollywood movies are full of mistakes. Some are technical errors. For instance, in a scene of the science-fiction adventure film The Matrix, when the main character steps out of his car, the viewer can clearly see the camera crew in the car window. In another scene, the same character is typing on his computer, yet the computer screen is blank. Other movie mistakes are historical. For example, the epic Gladiator, an Oscar winner, is known for having lots of historical errors. Throughout the movie, the gladiator Maximus refers to his home in Spain, and the other characters call him “the Spaniard.“ However, in 180 A.D., when the movie takes place, Spain as a country or even as a concept didn＇t exist yet. At another point in the movie, Maximus says that his homeland of Spain has “the best horses.“ But horses weren＇t brought to the Iberian Peninsula until the invasion of the Moors (North Africans) in 711 A.D, more than 500 years after the movie takes place. The historical drama Titanic, another Oscar winner, also has its share of historical blunders. The Titanic sunk in the year 1912. So why is one of the characters wearing a digital watch? In fact, movie watchers have found over 100 mistakes in The Matrix, Gladiator, and Titanic. Can you think of any errors in your favorite films? B How susceptible are you to advertising? Has a TV commercial or magazine ad ever made you buy the product that was advertised? If so, perhaps you have been subjected to subliminal advertising. Subliminal advertising is a kind of advertising that appeals to the subconscious. The word “subliminal“ comes from the Latin “sub“ meaning “lower,“ “beneath,“ or “under,“ and “limen“ meaning “threshold,“ (the level at which something begins to happen). Thus, subliminal advertising stimulates your brain at a level below conscious perception. You cannot see, hear, or perceive subliminal ads, but they may affect you just the same. ‎ ‎ There are two main types of subliminal ads. The first involves flashing messages quickly during a commercial or film. The messages appear and disappear so rapidly that the mind cannot process them consciously, but it might receive them passively, at a subconscious level. James Vicary, a market researcher, first introduced this kind of subliminal advertising in 1957 when he flashed the words “Eat Popcorn“ and “Drink Coca-Cola“ every five seconds during a movie. The messages couldn＇t be seen, yet Vicary claimed that the moviegoers＇ brains could perceive them: Coke sales went up by 18% and popcorn sales by over 50%. More recently, the same type of subliminal advertising was used in a negative ad for a political campaign. In the ad, the word “rats“ flashed up briefly during the part of the ad describing one party＇s healthcare plan. The purpose was to associate that opposing party with the negative word “rats.“ The second kind of subliminal advertising involves hiding or incorporating images into visual advertisements. A well-known example is on a package of a famous brand of cigarettes. Some say that if you look closely you can see the image of a man who is sexually aroused. In fact, a lot of subliminal advertising involves sex, coming from the idea that “sex sells.“ One media researcher claims that everything from crackers to alcohol to soda has used subliminal sexual imagery to appeal to buyers. Although studies show that consumers believe strongly in the power of subliminal ads, no one can prove the effects of subliminal advertising. Psychologists and others who study subliminal stimuli have not been able to show that subliminal advertising actually works. Many advertising researchers believe that traditional ads, in which a powerful image is used to sell a product, are more effective than subliminal advertising. All the same, it still remains a controversial topic, one that is on the mind of buyers and sellers alike. 题目6 6. What is the best title for the Paragraph A? 选择一项：A. The Success of Hollywood: Movie Madness. B. Hollywood Bloopers: Mega Movie Mistakes. C. History or Hollywood? Hollywood Interprets Famous Historical Events. 题目7 7. What is the best title for the Paragraph B? 选择一项：A. The Effect of Advertising on the Human Brain. B. Sex Sells: This ‎ History of Sex in Advertising. C. Subliminal Advertising: What Is It? Does It Work? 题目8 8.The Moors invaded Spain ______ the movie Gladiator takes place. 选择一项：A. before B. after C. since 题目9 9. Another word for mistake is ______. 选择一项：A. error B. blunder C. A and B 题目10 10.The subconscious is the part of the brain that _______. 选择一项：A. passively notices and remembers information B. actively notices and remembers information C. does not notice or remember information Chapter 9 Exercise（分值7分）I. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）题目1 Which of the words below contain a prefix with a negative meaning? Choose N. Choose X for the words without negative meanings. ( 0.4 points each) discourage 答案 N disrespect 答案 N illustrate 答案 X instant 答案 X illegal 答案 N II. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Complete the following statements by choosing the best from the answers A, B, C, or D. (1 point each) Meeting the Perfect Mate What is the best way to meet the perfect husband or wife? I am continuing to interview students on campus trying ‎ to answer this question for my sociology class. So far, people have mentioned arranged matches, discos and bars, computer dating services, and personal ads. One guy even said he thought supermarkets were the best places to meet women. I guess you can talk a lot about a head of lettuce! I decided to go to the school cafeteria to interview some people there. “I think date cafés are the best way to meet people,“ said my friend Rahul. “Date cafés? What＇s that?“ I asked. “Well, a date café is both a café and a dating service. You go to the café, order a cup of coffee or whatever you want, and look through people＇s profiles. Then, if someone interests you, you can send him or her an email and arrange a date at the café. You can also fill out your own profile and have people email you. The form asks you about everything from looks, to interests, to religion. The date café is a relaxed way to make contacts.“ “Are there many of them around?“ I asked. “Hmm. Well, there＇s one near campus called Drip. In fact, I had a Drip date just last week,“ said Rahul. “Drip! But isn＇t that a ‎ word that＇s used to describe someone who is dull and boring? It doesn＇t sound too promising.“ “Yeah, well it＇s funny you say that, because my date was pretty uninteresting. She barely talked at all, and she kept looking down at her coffee mug.“ “Well, what about a mail order bride?“ said Rahul＇s roommate, Joni. “A what?“ I asked. “A mail order bride. You know, you search for your wife in a catalog and the next thing you know you＇re married. With the Internet it＇s easier than ever,“ she said. “Ugh, that sounds awful.“ I said. “Have you ever met anyone who has done that?“ “Yes, my uncle did it. His marriage ended a year later. The truth is, I＇m against it. Usually the women come from poor countries and don＇t know what they＇re getting into. My uncle＇s wife had a really hard time adjusting and went back to her country as soon as they split up.“ “I think mail order is out. Any other suggestions?“ “I find that meeting people through classes or extracurricular activities is a good idea,“ said Michelle. “For instance, I signed up for a ‎ Japanese cooking class, both because I like Japanese food, and because I thought I might meet someone nice with similar interests.“ “And did you?“ “Yeah, I made lots of friends: Sumi, Katrina, Mariah...no guys, though. The class was 90% women. In fact, now that you mention it, the same thing happened with the salsa class, the pottery class and my Tai Chi class. I met a lot of nice women, but I definitely did not find the man of my dreams.“ Last I interviewed a couple in the library. “Friends“ they said. “We met through friends. It＇s the best way to find the perfect mate.“ “Really,“ I said. “And why is that?“ “Well, your friends usually know what you like. And also, you know the person is someone you can trust, not like meeting someone in a bar or a supermarket. For instance, we met because Chris＇s lab partner thought we would really get along.“ “Yeah, Scott and I met, and I immediately liked him. I emailed him and it took him three months to email me back!“ “Well, I＇m a little shy, but it eventually worked. Here we are, a year later and ‎ still together.“ “Well that＇s the best story I＇ve heard yet, “ I said. But if I＇ve learned one thing in this study, it＇s that meeting someone special, no matter how you do it, is difficult.“ 题目2 6.If you interview someone, you __. 选择一项：A. ask him/her a lot of questions B. ask him/her to fill out a form 题目3 7. A person＇s profile probably __. 选择一项：A. shows a picture of the person B. tells something about the person 题目4 8. A drip is __. 选择一项：A. a kind of computer dating service B. a dull, boring person 题目5 9. If something is awful, it＇s __. 选择一项：A. interesting and unusual B. unpleasant and bad 题目6 10. If you and your mate split up, you __. 选择一项：A. end your relationship B. get engaged Chapter 10 Exercise（分值7分）I. Reading Comprehension (5 points) Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Choose “T” for True and “F” for False. (1 point each ) 题目1 Competition in Olympic sports is supposed to be fair. However, in judged sports, fairness is impossible. Therefore, judged sports should be banned from the Olympic ‎ games. A judged sport is any sport that requires judges to determine a winner. For example, gymnastics, figure skating, half pipe (snowboarding), and diving are all judged sports. 1.The writer believes judged sports should be eliminated from the Olympics. 选择一项：A. T B. F 题目2 Why do I believe that judged sports should be eliminated from the Olympics? First of all, judges don’t see everything. For example, a mistake in figure skating can happen in a fraction of a second. If a judge blinks or looks away for a moment, he or she might miss the mistake and give the skater a higher score than the skater deserves. 2.One reason that judged sports should not be allowed in the Olympics is that judges can have different opinions. 选择一项：A. T B. F 题目3 Second, two judges can disagree about which athlete gave the best performance. In sports in which the difference between gold and silver is usually a few hundredths of a point, this kind of subjectivity is unacceptable. Can anyone really say with certainty that a gymnast who receives a score of 9.825 is a ‎ better gymnast than one who scores 9.823? 3.One argument against banning judged sports from the Olympics is that people should stop arguing about it. 选择一项：A. T B. F 题目4 A lot of people claim that judged sports are subjective and should not be allowed in the Olympics. They feel that only sports that are measured objectively for things like speed, such as swimming, track, and skiing, should be allowed because judges can’t be objective and fair. I disagree with these people. Why? I believe that no sport is 100% fair and objective. 4. The writer here believes all sports are objective. 选择一项：A. T B. F 题目5 Some athletes may win because their equipment is better than their opponents’ equipment. For example, in the 2000 summer Olympics, some swimmers wore controversial high-tech suits. The maker of the suit claimed that the fabric could make a swimmer 3% faster. No one could prove that this was true, but they couldn’t prove that it wasn’t true either. 5. The equipment can be one reason that decides athletes’ sports scores. 选择一项：A. T B. F 题目6 II. Vocabulary Skills（2 points）Match ‎ the following vocabulary items on left with their possible explanations on right. ( 0.4 points each) co-worker contribute promotion progress intermission 答案： 形考任务二（30分）破冰行动（所属章：Guidelines；分值5分；需要教师批阅）讨论区 异国特色食谱（所属章：Chapter 3；分值5分；需要教师批阅）讨论区 身边的家庭模式（所属章：Chapter 5；分值5分；需要教师批阅）讨论区 新闻采访稿（所属章：Chapter 8；分值5分；需要教师批阅）互动评价 网上表现（所属章：所有章节；分值10分；需要教师批阅）‎