philosophy 10哲学

philosophy 10哲学

IntroductiontoPhilosophyandValuesSanDiegoStateUniversityPhilosophy101/Dr.NeunerFallSemester2012INSTRUCTORDr.Peñafuerte-Neuner,preferDr.Neuner(noy-ner)OFFICEHOURSTuesdaysandThursdays12:30pm-1:30noonLECTURETuesdaysandThursdays2:00-3:15inWC220OFFICEArtsandLetters444EMAILaneuner@att.netoraneuner1@mail.sdsu.eduCOURSEDESCRIPTIONInthisethicscourse,weshallexploreawidevarietyofclassicalethicaltheoriesandlearnhowphilosophersbothpastandpresenthaveapproachedfundamentalethicalquestions.Inaddition,weshallapplytheethicaltheoriesandvalidmoralprincipleswehavelearnedtoanalyzecurrentmoralproblemsinoursociety.Specificgoalsofthiscourseinclude:·TopresentcentralmoraltheoriesandmostinfluentialideasinWesternphilosophy:divinelawtheory,hedonism,ethicalegoism,utilitarianism,deontologism,virtueethics,feministethics,andexistentialism·Tointroducestudentstooriginalwritingsofclassicalandpresentdayphilosophers:Plato,Aristotle,Hobbes,Augustine,Mill,Kant,Nietzsche,Sartre,Beauvoir,etc.·Tocompareandcontrastopposingphilosophicalpointsofviewsandunderstandthesimilaritiesanddifferencesinlightofculturalandhistoricalfactors·Tobroadenstudents’perspectivesandhelpthemappreciatewell-structuredargumentsandsignificantconceptualdistinctions·Toteachstudentstoapplyethicaltheoriestocontroversialmoralissuesandpracticalsituationssuchgeneticcloning,abortion,euthanasia,etc.·Totrainstudentstocriticizethereasoningofothersandtodevelopsomeanalyticandlogicalskills·Tochallengestudentstothinkaboutwhatkindoflifetolive,whatkindofpersontobe,andwhatthingsareworthlivingordyingforREQUIREDTEXTPhilosophicalarticlesuploadedintoBlackboardintheReadingsFolderTheVoyageofDiscovery,byWilliamLawhead,3rded.2007,Thomson/Wadsworth(copyinLibrary)COURSESCHEDULEDateTopics/ReadingsWeek1IntroductiontoClassAug28,30TheAncientPeriod:Pre-Socratics,SophistsandSocratesTheGreekCulturalContext:FromPoetrytoPhilosophyThales,Anaximenes,Pythagoras,Heraclitus,Empedocles,DemocritusReadChapters1,2&3:pp.15-22,24-28,30-32,37-38,39-42,and43-58BlackboardexcerptsfromPlato’sCritoandEuthyphro4\nWeek2Plato:TheSearchforUltimateTruthandRealitySep4,6ReadChapter4:pp.60-73BlackboardexcerptsfromPlato’sMenoandRepublicWeek3Aristotle:UnderstandingtheNaturalWorldSept11,13ReadChapter5:pp.84-85and96-103BlackboardexcerptsfromAristotle’sNicomacheanEthicsWeek4EXAMONEonTuesday,Sept18Sept18,20ClassicalPhilosophyAfterAristotle-EpicurusReadChapter6:pp.105-112BlackboardexcerptfromEpicurus’LettertoMenoeceusWeek5St.Augustine:PhilosophyintheServiceofFaithSept25,27ReadChapter8:pp.140-155BlackboardexcerptfromAugustine’sCityofGodandConfessionsWeek6TheModernPeriod:ThomasHobbesOct2,4ReadChapter14:pp.240-247BlackboardexcerptsfromHobbes’LeviathanWeek7EXAMTWOonTuesday,Oct9Oct9,11AynRandEthicalEgoismBlackboardexcerptsfromVirtueofSelfishnessWeek8ImmanuelKant:FindingthePowersandtheLimitsoftheMindOct16,18ReadChapter22:pp.365-372BlackboardexcerptfromKant’sFundamentalPrinciplesofMetaphysicsofMoralsContemporaryMoralProblems(Tobedeterminedbyclassvote)Week9JeremyBenthamandJohnStuartMillOct23,25ReadChapter28:pp.465-468and469-476BlackboardexcerptsfromBentham’sAnIntroductiontothePrinciplesofMoralsandLegislationandMill’sUtilitarianismContemporaryMoralProblems(Tobedeterminedbyclassvote)Week10EXAMTHREEonTuesday,Oct30Oct30,Nov1ContemporaryMoralProblems(Tobedeterminedbyclassvote)Blackboardexcerptsonabortion,eggdonation,euthanasia,genetictechnology,etc.Week11ContemporaryMoralProblems(continued,TBD)Nov6,8SorenKierkegaard:ReligiousExistentialismBlackboardexcerptsfromKierkegaard’sFearandTremblingWeek12FriedrichNietzsche:SecularExistentialismNov13,15Secular&ReligiousExistentialism:ReadChapter27pp.443-457BlackboardexcerptsfromNietzsche’sOntheGenealogyofMoralsWeek13JeanPaulSartre:PhenomenologyandExistentialismNov20,22ReadChapter32:pp.554-560BlackboardexcerptsfromSartre’sExistentialismisaHumanism4\nWeek14EXAMFOURonTuesday,Nov27Nov27,29TheContemporaryPeriod:SimonedeBeauvoirRethinkingPhilosophy:Feminism;ReadChapter33:pp.574-582Week15FeministEthicsofCareDec4,6BlackboardexcerptsfromManning’sJustCaring,Code’s“IstheSexoftheKnowerEpistemologicallySignificant?”Beauvoir’sTheSecondSex,Nagel’s“WhatIsItLiketoBeaBat?”FinalsWeekFINALEXAMonThursday,December13,1:00-3:00pmExamdatesarefixed.Exceptforexamdates,thecoursescheduleissubjecttorevision.GRADESFourExamsandFinalExam25%each(FouroutofFiveExamscount)GRADINGSCALEThegradingscale:89.9%-87%B+79.9%-77%C+69.9%-67%D+100%-94%A86.9%-84%B76.9%-74%C66.9%-64%D93.9%-90%A-83.9%-80%B-73.9%-70%C-63.9%-60%D-EXAMSThereareatotaloffiveexamswhichincludesthefinalexam.Thefinalexamwillbepartiallycumulative.Thecoursegradewillbedeterminedbytheaverageofastudent’sbestfourexams,worth25%each.Astudentmayopttotakeallfiveexams,inwhichcasetheirlowestexamscorewouldbedropped.Astudentmayalsodecidetotakefourexamsonly.Examswillconsistofmultiplechoicequestions,shortanswerorshortessayquestions.Studentswillbegivenastudyguideaboutoneweekbeforeeveryexaminformingthemofthetypeofquestionstobeexpectedontheirexamsandthearticlestobecovered.Examgradeswillfollowtheabovegradingscale,buttheinstructormaychoosetocurveexamsincasetheaverageofagivenexamfallsbelowreasonableexpectations.Ifastudentcanoffergoodreasonformissinganexam(evidenceordocumentationneeded),thenamakeupexamwillbegivenduringthesemester.Asarule,makeupexamswillbedifferentinformatfromtheexamtakenbytherestoftheclassandwillconsistofwrittenquestionsratherthanscantronquestions.Duetotheformat,makeupexamswillprobablybemoredifficultthantheregularexam,butstudentsneedingmakeupswillbegivenadditionaltimetoprepareforit.PARTICIPATIONANDATTENDANCEItisrecommendedthatstudentsattendallclassesandparticipateoccasionally.Studentswhomissclassareresponsibleforacquiringthematerialandkeepingpacewiththecourse.Althoughregularattendanceandkeepingupwiththereadingdoesnotcountaspartofastudent’sfinalgrade,studentswillfindthatthesethingshaveapositiveimpactontheirexamsandpapers.Noextracreditwillbeofferedtojustasinglestudentanytimeduringorafterthesemester.4\nCLASSROOMETIQUETTEUseoflaptopcomputersinclassisallowedforthepurposesofnote-takingonly;othercomputeractivitiescanprovedistracting.Studentsshouldalsorefrainfromanybehaviorthatmaybedisturbingtootherstudentswhoaremakingtheefforttobeattentive.Cellphonesandotherelectronicdevicesshouldbeturnedoffandstoredaway.PLEASERESPECTOTHERSTUDENTSbyNOTTALKINGtooneanotherduringclass.Certainstudentsmaybeaskedtoleavethelecturehallduetotheirdisruptivebehaviorortechnologicaldevicesmaybetakenaway.Studentsshouldtrytobepunctual,butareencouragedtoshowuptoclasseveniftheymaybealittlelateduetounforeseencircumstances.Theinstructorwillneverkeeptheclassbeyondtheallottedclassperiodandrequeststhatstudentswaituntilclasshasbeendismissedbeforetheybeginclosingnotebooksandpackingawaytheirschoolgear.Ifclassmustbecancelledonagivendate,anannouncementwillbemadebytheinstructororanotewillbepostedontheclassroomdoororviaBlackboard.Iftheinstructorismorethan15minuteslate,pleaseassumethattheclassiscancelledandthatadvancenoticewasnotpossible.DISABLEDSTUDENTSERVICESIfyouhavespecialneedsduetoalearningdisability,pleaseavailyourselfoftheresourcesintheStudentDisabilityServicesinCalpulliCenter,room3101(594-6473). TheCSUOfficeoftheChancellordefinesalearningdisabilityas“...agenerictermthatreferstotheheterogeneousgroupofdisordersmanifestedbysignificantdifficultiesintheacquisitionanduseoflistening,speaking,reading,writing,reasoningormathematicalabilities.Thesedisordersoccurinpersonsofaveragetoverysuperiorintelligenceandarepresumedtobeduetocentralnervoussystemdysfunction.Eventhoughalearningdisabilitymayexistconcomitantlywithotherhandicappingconditions(e.g.,sensoryimpairments)orenvironmentalinfluences(e.g.,cultural/languagedifficulties),itisnotthedirectresultoftheseconditionsorinfluences.” Ifyouthinksomethingmightpreventyoufromdoingwellinthiscourse,youshoulddiscussthiswithmesothatproperarrangementsmaybemadetoaccommodateyourneeds.RELIGIOUSOBSERVANCES,ATHLETICS,ETC.Bytheendofthefirstweekofclasses,studentsshouldnotifytheinstructorofplannedabsencesforreligiousobservances. Theabovealsoholdsforstudentathletesandsupportivegroups(likethemarchingband,notfans).Theymustinformfacultymemberswithinthefirstweekinordertobeexcusedfromscheduledtasksonscheduleddays.4