【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空专题10篇训练之七学案（20页word版含有解析）

【英语】2018届二轮复习短文语法填空专题10篇训练之七学案（20页word版含有解析）

‎2018届二轮复习短文语法填空专题10篇训练之七 ‎ 【1】‎ People who have spent time in other cultures often talk about “reverse(反向的)culture shock”.If you leave your country for more than a short tourist trip and then go back home,you may feel 1..What is “reverse culture shock”?Well,imagine the following:You have just adjusted to a new culture and have come 2.　　　　　　　(enjoy) life in it.You have made new friends and have had 3.great variety of new experiences.Then,4.(sad) enough,it’s time to leave,but you are also very excited about 5.　　　　　　(go) home.Arriving home is wonderful — seeing all the friends and relatives you haven’t seen,eating all the special foods,reading the newspapers 6.　　　　　hearing music you haven’t heard in such a long time.But then after a few weeks,perhaps,things may not seem so “wonderful”.You may become critical of your home country 7.　　　　　　　　you have grown up.You may not like certain things or ideas.8.your eyes,either you or your home country 9.(change). ‎ This is the process of readjustment.It’s a difficult period,and many people experience it after the 10.(excite) of coming home ‎ has worn off.Fortunately,it doesn’t usually last as long as adjustment to a new culture does.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了反向文化冲击,即出国之后再回国产生的不适应。‎ ‎1.it　考查代词。此处代词it指代上文中的“reverse (反向的) culture shock”。‎ ‎2.to enjoy　考查固定用法。come to do sth.意为“开始认为,开始觉得”。‎ ‎3.a　考查冠词。a great variety of意为“多种多样的”,variety为可数名词。‎ ‎4.sadly　考查副词。副词sadly作状语,修饰整个句子。‎ ‎5.going　考查非谓语动词。about为介词,后应用动词-ing形式。‎ ‎6.and　考查连词。句中seeing,eating,reading和hearing为并列动作,故用and连接。‎ ‎7.where　考查定语从句。先行词为home country,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where。‎ ‎8.In　考查介词。in one’s eyes为固定短语,意为“在某人眼里”。‎ ‎9.has changed　考查动词的时态。此处应用现在完成时,强调过去动作对现在的影响。‎ ‎10.excitement　考查名词。由the和of可知,此处需要用名词。‎ ‎ 【2】‎ Tea is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water.Originating in China,tea has long established 1.(it) as the national drink of this country.‎ A century before the birth of Christ,tea 2.(describe) in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live 3.(long).Today,it is still being regarded as such.Both green tea and black tea are claimed to be effective for 4.(prevent) cancer,heart disease,and many other deadly diseases.There is only one point 5.　　　　　　people need to be aware of when they drink tea — it should not be drunk along with meals. ‎ Tea,a popular drink in China and many other countries,6.(be) carefully prepared according to local customs.The Chinese put loose tea in teapots,add boiling water,and serve it in teacups.The strong tea from China’s Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner.Lighter tea with jasmine(茉莉),rose or other 7.　　　　　　　(flower),usually ‎ served after dinner,is special to China’s Changjiang River regions. ‎ Many English people,travelling away from home,feel 8.a loss if their favorite teabags are not available.Afternoon tea in England is still a time-honored tradition.It’s a good opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters.‎ In Japan,a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea.The ceremony,usually 9.　　　　　　(hold) in a teahouse,dates back to the 16th century.Guests follow strict rules set up then and the tea used is powdered green tea.Though still practised today,the ceremony may not be as popular 10.　　　　　it used to be. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了茶的渊源及几个国家的茶文化。‎ ‎1.itself　考查代词。此处填的代词与句子主语tea形成互指关系,故用反身代词。‎ ‎2.was described　考查动词时态和语态。根据语境中的时间状语“A century before the birth of Christ”可知,事情发生在过去,且tea和describe构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎3.longer　考查比较级。此处表示“让人活得更长”,故用longer。‎ ‎4.preventing　考查动词-ing形式。介词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语,故用preventing。‎ ‎5.that　考查定语从句。that引导定语从句,在从句中作介词of的宾语,修饰先行词one point。‎ ‎6.is　考查主谓一致。句子主语为Tea,且与下文的“is drunk”在时态上呼应,故此处用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎7.flowers　考查名词复数。flower是可数名词,由前面的other可知,此处表示复数概念。‎ ‎8.at　考查介词。固定搭配at a loss意为“困惑,不知所措”,故用介词at。‎ ‎9.held　考查非谓语动词。hold和句子谓语之间没有连词,故用非谓语动词。句子主语The ceremony与hold构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。‎ ‎10.as　考查连词。由“as+形容词+as”的结构可知,此处应用连词as引导比较状语从句。‎ ‎ 【3】‎ In 1.　　　　　　　　(tradition) Chinese culture,tai chi is often related to the Chinese idea of yin and yang,the idea that one can see two ‎ sides in everything.Once 2.a time,Taoist Zhang Sanfeng saw a bird attacking a snake in the Wudang Mountains in Hubei Province.The snake’s defense inspired him 3.(create) a set of 72 movements,which used 4.(soft) and power from inside to defeat violent force. ‎ For those 5.　　　　　do it,tai chi can be practiced any time and anywhere without equipment or a gymnasium.And learning to do it 6.　　　　　　　(correct) gives us a practical way to achieve such things as balance,motor control and rhythm(节奏)of movement.So it 7.(believe) that practicing tai chi can in some way help us stand,walk,move and run better. ‎ Tai chi’s benefits certainly go beyond physical ones.For Marleni Calcina from Peru,who 8.　　　　　　　　(do) tai chi for over 10 years,it’s not only a sport,but also a way of life.And 9.is tai chi that has helped her understand the value of “going slowly”.Now,practicing tai chi is like 10.　　　　　　　(speak) with her soul. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,‎ 介绍了太极拳的由来、作用和意义。‎ ‎1.traditional　考查形容词。空处修饰名词Chinese culture,故用形容词形式。‎ ‎2.upon　考查固定搭配。once upon a time为固定搭配,意为“从前”。‎ ‎3.to create　考查动词不定式。inspire sb.to do sth.为固定用法,意为“启发某人做某事”。‎ ‎4.softness　考查名词。根据空后的“and power”可知,空处和名词power是并列关系,故应用名词形式。‎ ‎5.who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句,先行词为those,空处为关系代词,指代人,且在从句中作主语,故用who。‎ ‎6.correctly　考查副词。空处修饰动词do,故用副词形式。‎ ‎7.is believed　考查时态和语态。it is believed that...为固定句型,意为“据信……”。it和动词believe之间为被动关系,故用被动语态;根据语境可知,该句陈述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时。‎ ‎8.has done　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句时间状语“for over 10 years”可知,此处应用现在完成时,又因who指代先行词Marleni Calcina,为单数,故填has done。‎ ‎9.it　考查强调句结构。分析该句结构可知,该句为强调句,其基本结构为it is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+句子的其他成分。该句被强调的部分是“tai chi”。‎ ‎10.speaking　考查动词-ing形式。like在此处为介词,后跟动词-ing形式作宾语,意为“像……一样”。该句句意为:如今,练太极就像是在和她的灵魂说话。‎ ‎ 【4】‎ This summer I travelled from noisy Beijing to Wuzhen,a beautiful village in Zhejiang Province.Unfolded before me was 1.unique image of this water country — the stone bridge and the water flowing,all like fairy tales to me.‎ However,2.　　　　　　impressed me most was not the natural scenery but the scene of a grandma bathing a little baby in a wooden basin with the door open.My friends couldn’t help 3.(take) pictures of them.To my surprise,the grandma smiled and waved at us.All of a sudden,my heart was filled with 4.　　　　　　　(warm). ‎ I shared the photo and my 5.　　　　　　　　　(forget) experience with my friends.They were 6.(simple) moved as I was,but at the same time they reminded me of the unpleasant experiences ‎ in big cities.We feel embarrassed to see people quarrelling in public because they 7.　　　　　　　　　(step) on accidentally by strangers. ‎ According to a recent survey 8.　　　　　　(make) in November 2016,45 percent of the residents don’t know the names of their neighbors;63 percent have never devoted 9.(they) to talking to their neighbors;67 percent think that the relationship between them and their neighbors is just so-so,or even bad. ‎ Wouldn’t it be beautiful to say hello to our neighbors who just came back 10.　　　　　　work and give them a smile? ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者的乌镇之旅以及对大城市里冷漠的邻里关系的反思。‎ ‎1.a　考查冠词。image是可数名词,且第一次在语境中出现,故用不定冠词修饰,且unique的读者不是以元音音素开头的,故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎2.what　考查连接词。what引导主语从句,且在从句中作主语,表示物的概念。‎ ‎3.taking　考查动词-ing形式。固定词组搭配:can’t help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”,符合语境,故用动词-ing形式作宾语。‎ ‎4.warmth　考查词性转换。介词后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语,故用名词warmth作介词with的宾语。‎ ‎5.unforgettable　考查词性转换。修饰名词的词一般为形容词,且此处与第二段呼应,作者和朋友们分享的是难忘的经历,故用形容词unforgettable修饰名词experience,在句子中作定语。‎ ‎6.simply　考查副词。修饰动词的词一般为副词,故用副词simply在句子中作状语。‎ ‎7.are stepped　考查动词时态和语态。根据语境中by的提示可知,此处表示被动概念,且由句中feel的时态可知,应用一般现在时的被动语态,即are stepped。‎ ‎8.made　考查非谓语动词。make和句子谓语之间没有连词,且和其逻辑主语survey之间构成动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎9.themselves　考查代词。根据语境可知,此处用反身代词themselves作宾语。‎ ‎10.from　考查介词。根据语境可知,此处表示下班后回来,故用介词from,意为“从……”。‎ ‎【5】‎ Over the years,I have met some interesting people.Two of 61. most interesting people were two elderly sisters,Joan and Bernice,62.　　　　　　 way of talking about people inspired me. ‎ It was always a 63.　　　　　　　(pleasant) to visit these two sisters.Just being greeted at the door was a joy.They couldn’t be 64.　　　　　　(happy) when seeing me.I always heard about the people who were there before me.Every person 65.　　　　　　　　　　　　(talk) about in a positive way.The conversation would go something like this,“Oh,Kay,so-and-so was here yesterday,she 66.　　　　　(be)just ‘the salt of the earth’,isn’t she?”The other sister would reply,“Oh,yes!You just can’t believe 67.　　　　　 wonderful she is.”I never heard they said a negative word about anyone.NEVER! ‎ I understood why these two had so much company when other people complained that no one cared about 68.(they).It was their attitude 69.　　　　　　　 people.There was no doubt that when the next person came to visit,he was going to hear how I was “the salt of the earth”. ‎ What a wonderful example these two elderly sisters were to me!I will always be 70.　　　　　　　(thank) that I had the opportunity to ‎ know them. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要介绍了作者所认识的一对很有趣的姐妹。‎ ‎61.the　考查冠词。由空后的most interesting的提示可知,应用定冠词修饰。‎ ‎62.whose　考查定语从句。whose引导非限定性定语从句,在从句中作定语,先行词为Joan and Bernice。‎ ‎63.pleasure　考查词性转换。结合语境和冠词a的提示可知,此处应用名词形式。‎ ‎64.happier　考查形容词比较级。否定词与比较级连用相当于最高级含义,与上文的joy呼应。‎ ‎65.was talked　考查动词时态和语态。Every person和talk构成逻辑上的动宾关系;再由前一句的时态可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎66.is　考查动词时态。由附加问句“isn’t she”可知,此处应用is。‎ ‎67.how　考查连接副词。how引导宾语从句且在从句中修饰形容词wonderful。‎ ‎68.them　考查代词。介词about后应跟代词的宾格形式且表示“他们”,故填them。‎ ‎69.toward(s)/to　考查介词。attitude toward(s)/to sb.意为“对某人的态度”,符合语境。‎ ‎70.thankful　考查形容词。be动词后一般跟形容词作表语,故此处用形容词形式。‎ ‎【6】‎ There are many different taboos(禁忌) around the world.A taboo is a social action that is not 61.　　　　　　　　(allow).Almost every culture in the world has 62.　　　　　(it) own taboos.When you meet people from different cultures,it is important 63.　　　　　　　　　　　　(understand) what you can and cannot do.If we are not aware 64.　　　　　 these differences,some unusual 65.(thing) might happen.For instance,in China,it 66.　　　　　(be) rude to put the chopsticks into a bowl of rice straightly as it is often done for the dead.If you visit Nepal,you will find Nepalese often greet each other with the hands pressed together instead of shaking hands,67. in North America and the UK,people greet one another by 68.　　　　　　　　　(shake) hands.If you will do business with a South American,it seems 69.‎ ‎(impolitely) to be dressed in the light colors.What about Japanese?They dislike the lotus and 70. not give it as a gift to Japanese because they regard it as the mourning flower.While these different customs might seem strange to you,remember that what you consider normal probably seems just as unusual to others. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了世界各地的风俗禁忌,如尼泊尔人双手合十打招呼而南美、英国人则握手打招呼;在中国将筷子笔直地插入饭中是禁忌;在日本将莲花作为礼物是禁忌等。‎ ‎61.allowed　考查被动语态。该句是一个复合句,在that引导的定语从句中关系词that代指a social action,和动词allow之间是被动关系,故用被动语态。‎ ‎62.its　考查代词。该句主语every culture和空后的own taboos之间为所有关系,故用形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎63.to understand　考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知,该句使用了it is/was+adj.+to do sth.的句型,其中it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。‎ ‎64.of　考查固定搭配。be aware of为固定搭配,意为“意识到”;‎ 该句句意:如果我们没有意识到这些不同点,则可能发生一些不寻常的事情。‎ ‎65.things　考查名词的数。根据该句中的some可知,可数名词thing应用复数形式。‎ ‎66.is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。该句主语为it,故用单数形式;该句表示将筷子笔直地插进饭中是不礼貌的行为,因为此举通常是为死人做的,根据语境可知,该句陈述的是一般常识,故用一般现在时。‎ ‎67.while　考查连词。根据语境可知,此处表示尼泊尔人双手合十打招呼,而在北美和英国,人们通常握手打招呼。该空前后为转折关系,故用while。‎ ‎68.shaking　考查动名词。空前的by为介词,故该空用动名词作介词的宾语。‎ ‎69.impolite　考查形容词。该句中的seems为系动词,意为“似乎,看起来像”,后接形容词。该句句意:如果你将要和一个南美人做生意,穿着浅色服装似乎是不礼貌的。‎ ‎70.do　考查时态和主谓一致。结合语境可知,该句陈述的是一般常识,应用一般现在时。该句是说日本人不喜欢莲花,不要将它作为礼物送给日本人,因此填do。‎ ‎【7】‎ Macao, __1__lies to the south of Guangdong, is a small city with Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Hong Kong as its neighbors. It has __2__ population of 550,000, 96% of whom __3__ (be) Chinese. It is a clean and __4__(beauty) city with trees, flowers, and green grass everywhere. There are lots of cars __5__(run) in the narrow streets. __6__ all people obey the traffic rules. Macao is also famous __7__ its gambling, and several million __8__(visit) come to tour every year.‎ Macao, which used to belong to China but __9__(take) away by the Portuguese in 1887 from the Qing Dynasty, returned to our motherland __10__ December 20th, 1999.‎ 答案与解析 本文是说明文。主要介绍了澳门历史及现状。‎ ‎1．which　考查定语从句。句意：澳门位于广东的南面。此处which作主语并引导非限定性定语从句。‎ ‎2．a　考查冠词。have a population of有……人口。‎ ‎3．are　考查主谓一致。句意：96%的人是中国人。主语为population，故用are。‎ ‎4．beautiful　考查形容词。句意：它有一个干净又美丽的环境。and前后对等都用形容词。‎ ‎5．running　考查非谓语动词。句意：有很多车川流不息。此处cars与run之间是主动关系。‎ ‎6．But　考查连词。句意：但是所有的人都遵守交通规则。前后形成转折。‎ ‎7．for　考查介词。句意：澳门由于赌博而闻名。be famous for...因……而出名。‎ ‎8．visitors　考查名词单复数。句意：每年有很多游客来澳门。故用visitors。‎ ‎9．was taken　考查被动。句意：曾经属于中国但在1887年被葡萄牙占为殖民地。‎ ‎10．on　考查介词。在具体的某一天要用介词on。‎ ‎【8】‎ The question was once asked of a businessman who __1__ (success) highly ，“How have you done so much in your lifetime？” He replied, “I have dreames. I have turned my mind loose to imagine __2__ I wanted to do. Then I have gone to bed and thought about my dreams. In __3__ night I dreamt about my dreams. And when I __4__ (awake) in the morning, I saw the way to make my dreams real. While other people were saying, ‘You can't do that. It is not possible.’ I was well on my way to __5__ (achieve) what I wanted.”‎ As Woodrow Wilson, 28th President of the U．S., said, “We grow great by dreams.” All big men are dreamers. They see things in the soft haze of a spring day, or in the red fire on a long winter's evening.‎ Some of us let these dreams die, __6__ others nourish and protect ‎ them. Nourish them __7__ bad days until they bring them to the sunshine and light which comes always to __8__ who sincerely hope that their dreams will come true.‎ So please, don't let anyone steal your dreams, or try to tell you they are too __9__ (possible). Sing your songs, dream your dreams and pray your __10__ (pray)．‎ 答案与解析 人活着要有梦想并且为梦想去努力，要滋养保护梦想不让它灭亡。‎ ‎1．had succeeded　考查时态。此处是定语从句，先行词是businessman, who引导的是定语从句缺少谓语动词，根据句意用过去完成时，故填had succeeded。‎ ‎2．what　考查代词。此处指想象我想做的事，引导宾语从句。根据句意用what，故填what。‎ ‎3．the　考查冠词。in the night“在夜里”是固定短语，故填the。‎ ‎4．awoke　考查时态。此处是when引导的时间状语从句，句中缺少谓语，根据句意用过去时，故填awake的过去式awoke。‎ ‎5．achieving　考查非谓语动词。句中to是介词，后面加动词的ing形式，此处指在实现我追求的路上，故填achieving。‎ ‎6．while/but　考查连词。句意：一些人让他们的梦想灭亡，然而其他人使梦想滋养和得到保护。前后句表对比，故填while/but。‎ ‎7．through　考查介词。此处指在不好的境遇时滋养梦想直到渡过困难，根据句意填through。‎ ‎8．those　考查代词。此处指光明总是伴随那些真诚希望他们的梦想实现的人们，who sincerely hope that their dreams will come true是定语从句，空白处缺少先行词，指人，要用复数，故填代词those。‎ ‎9．impossible　考查形容词。句意：不要让任何人偷走你的梦想，或者告诉自己梦想是不可能的。根据句意填“不可能的”impossible。‎ ‎10．prayers/prayer　考查名词。句意：唱自己的歌，做自己的梦，祈祷自己的幸福。三个句子保持一致，故填名词prayers/prayer。‎ ‎【9】‎ Facebook CEO Zuckerberg just had a baby girl named Max, and to honor the occasion, he's giving away the majority of his wealth. In the letter __1__ (write) by Zuckerberg and his wife, Priscilla Chan, to __2__ (they) new baby girl, he announced the birth of his first child and the __3__ (create) of the Chan Zuckerberg Fund, __4__ will focus on curing disease, connecting people and __5__ (build) strong communities.‎ ‎“For your generation to live in __6__ better world, there is so much more our generation can do，” Zuckerberg wrote. “Today your mother and I are committing to spend our lives doing our small part to help solve these challenges.” The couple __7__ (donate) nearly all of their Facebook stock to the cause. “We will give 99% of our Facebook shares—currently about $45 billion—to advance this __8__ (value) mission，” he wrote.‎ ‎ “We know this is a small contribution compared __9__ all the resources and talents already working on these issues. But we want to do __10__ we can, working along with many others.”‎ 答案与解析 本文讲述了Facebook的CEO Zuckerberg和妻子致力于慈善事业帮助那些有需要的人。‎ ‎1．written　考查非谓语动词。由句子结构可知此处使用非谓语动词，letter 与 write 之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填 written。‎ ‎2．their　考查代词。修饰名词 new baby girl 用形容词性物主代词，故填 their。‎ ‎3．creation　考查名词。the 修饰名词，create 的名词形式是 creation，表示抽象意义的“创作”时，creation 是不可数名词，故填 creation。‎ ‎4．which　考查非限定性定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是 Chan Zuckerberg Fund，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填 which。‎ ‎5．building　考查非谓语动词。此处与前面的 curing 和 connecting 并列，作介词 on 的宾语，故填 building。‎ ‎6．a　考查冠词。此处泛指一个更好的世界，better 是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填 a。‎ ‎7．will donate　考查时态语态。The couple 与 donate 之间是主动关系，且表示将来，故填 will donate。‎ ‎8．valuable　考查形容词。修饰名词 mission 用形容词，此处表示“有价值的”，故填 valuable。‎ ‎9．to　考查介词。compared to 表示“与……相比”，故填 to。‎ ‎10．what　考查宾语从句。do 后面是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故填 what。‎ ‎【10】‎ Once a group of 50 people was attending a seminar. Halfway __1__ his talk, the speaker stopped and decided __2__ (create) a group activity. He went around the hall and gave each person a balloon. Each one was asked to write his or her name on the balloon __3__ (use) a marker pen. Then all the balloons __4__ (collect) and put in another room.‎ The speaker then led the group to the room full of balloons and asked them to find the balloon that had their name __5__ (write) on within five minutes. Everyone was __6__ (hurry) searching for their name, bumping into each other, pushing each other around. It was chaos. At the end of the five minutes no one could find their own balloon.‎ Now each person was asked to randomly collect __7__ balloon and give it to the person whose name was on it. Within two minutes everyone had their own balloon. When everyone quieted down, the speaker began to talk, saying that this is exactly __8__ was happening in our lives.‎ We may like to think of __9__ (us) more important than others, but our happiness sometimes lies in the happiness of other people. Give them their happiness __10__ you will get your own happiness.‎ 答案与解析 本文讲述了研讨会上一个选气球的游戏给我们带来的启示。‎ ‎1．through　考查介词。此处表示“在……之间”，故填介词 through。‎ ‎2．to create　考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth. 表示“决定做某事”，故填 to create。‎ ‎3．using　考查非谓语动词。由句子结构可知此处使用非谓语动词，Each one 与 use 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故填 using。‎ ‎4．were collected　考查时态语态。主语 balloons 与 collect 之间是被动关系，且讲述的过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 were collected。‎ ‎5．written　考查 have sth. done 结构。have sth. done “使某事被做”，故填 written。‎ ‎6．hurriedly　考查副词。修饰动词 searching 用副词，故填 hurriedly。‎ ‎7．a　考查冠词。此处泛指一个气球，故填 a。‎ ‎8．what　考查名词性从句。此处为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填 what。‎ ‎9．ourselves　考查代词。此处表示“我们自己”，故填 ourselves。‎ ‎10．and　考查连词。由句意可知，此处表示语意的承接，故填 and。‎