2019-2020学年江苏省海安高级中学高一12月月考英语试题含

2019-2020学年江苏省海安高级中学高一12月月考英语试题含

阶段性测试（二）‎ 英 语 ‎（考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分）‎ 注意事项：所有试题的答案均填写在答题纸上,答案写在试卷上的无效。‎ 第一部分：听力(共两节,满分30分)‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ l.What will the speakers doon Sunday?‎ A.Go swimming. B.Playvolleyball. C.Go cycling.‎ ‎2.What is important to the man?‎ A.The cost. B.Thetime. C.The airline.‎ ‎3.What's the weather like?‎ A.Cool. B.Cold. C.Warm.‎ ‎4.What is the man likelytodo?‎ A.Dropoutof school. B.Tryto geta scholarship. C. Continue his studies.‎ ‎5.Where does the conversation probablytake place?‎ A. In a hospital. B. In a classroom. C. In a restaurant.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话,回答第6至7题。‎ ‎6.Whatkind of sportdoes the woman want to learn?‎ A.Volleyball. B.Tennis. C.Basketball.‎ ‎7.When will the woman probablytake the course?‎ A.On Mondays. B.On Fridays. C.On Sundays.‎ 听下面一段对话,回答第8至9题。‎ ‎8.What is the woman doing?‎ A.Visiting a doctor. B.Preparing a party. C. Enjoying some music.‎ ‎9.Whatdoes the man mean in the end? ‎ A.His brother is busyon Saturday.‎ B.His brotherhasgota badcold again.‎ C.His brother is too young to performat the party.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第10至12 三个小题。‎ ‎10.What is the relationshipbetween the speakers?‎ A.Bossand clerk. B. Customerand manager. C. Interviewerand interviewee.‎ ‎11.Whatdo we knowaboutthe woman?‎ A. She knows manyprogramming languages. ‎ B. She is dissatisfied with the man's work.‎ C. She is in charge of theITDepartment.‎ ‎12.Whatattracts the man to work for the company?‎ A.An offerof ahigh salary.‎ B.Thecompany's bright future.‎ C.Theopportunityto playgames.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第13至16 四个小题。‎ ‎13.Where arethe speakers?‎ A.Atan airport. B.Ata railwaystation. C.Ata bus stop.‎ ‎14.Howmuch will the manpayfor the camera?‎ A. $500. B. $599. C. $750.‎ ‎15.Whatdoes the man like about the camera?‎ A. Its design. B.Its quality. C. Its brand.‎ ‎16.How will the man pay?‎ A. In cash. B.Bycreditcard. C.Bycheque.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第17至20 四个小题。‎ ‎17.What time does the ridebegin?‎ A.At8:30 a. m. B.At10:00a. m. C.At11:30a. m.‎ ‎18.What will the listeners probablydo at12:30 p. m.?‎ A.Go swimming. B.Have lunch. C. Feed the horses.‎ ‎19.What is useless for riding?‎ A. Sports shoes. B. Hardhats. C.Warmclothes.‎ ‎20.What is includedin the price?‎ A.The food. B.The equipment. C.Thehotel rooms.‎ 第二部分、阅读理解（共两节,满分50分）‎ 第一节：（ 共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）‎ 请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A China Train Guide Quick Guide on China Train Travel If you’re looking for an affordable and comfortable way to get around China, train travel is the way to go. Getting train information and cheap train tickets has never been easier. Online train ticket booking makes it easy for travelers to look through China’s train timetable, compare train fares, and look for ticket availability. Once you’ve found a suitable train, you can book online and pick your tickets up at the train station or get them delivered to your home or hotel. Train tickets can be booked online a minimum of 35 minutes and a maximum of 60 days before departure.‎ How to choose train types When you’re buying China train tickets online, you’ll notice that the journey duration differs depending on which type of train you choose. China train types can be recognized by their letter codes G, D and C trains are high-speed trains, while Z, T and K are slower or overnight trains. China’s high-speed trains run between Chinese provincial capitals and first-tier Chinese cities. G trains (high-speed trains, standing for gāotiě) are China’s bullet trains—the fastest trains with a maximum speed of 400 km／h. Tickets for these trains are the most expensive.‎ How to buy train tickets Unless you can read Chinese, there are only two ways to make train reservations in China:‎ ‎—Online train ticket booking with a travel agency (up to 60 days before departure).‎ ‎—At the train station／local ticket agency with your passport (up to 58 days before departure).‎ How to read train tickets When reading your train ticket, please take note of the Chinese characters and Pinyin printed next to your departure / arrival city. Directions (North, South, East, and West) appear in Pinyin (Bei, Nan, Dong, and Xi), not English. Please make sure you are going to the correct train station.‎ ‎21．What can we learn from the first paragraph?‎ A.It’s difficult to get train information in China.‎ B.Traveling by train in China is not very expensive.‎ C.You can get on the train without tickets after booking online.‎ D.Train tickets online are available at any time within 60 days before you leave.‎ ‎22. If Mr. Smith needs to travel from Jinan to Beijing for something emergent, he’d better take _________.‎ A. Z trains B. G trains C. D trains D. Overnight trains ‎23．Who are the intended readers of the passage?‎ A. Foreign travelers B. Native tourists. C. Businessmen. D. Travel agencies.‎ B For the 17 years my life was very happy. Then the first sad thing happened. My mother became very ill, and soon she knew that she was dying. Just before she died, she asked Elizabeth and me to go to her room. She held our hands and said, “Victor and Elizabeth, my children, I’m very happy because you love each other, and because one day you’ll get married. Everyone in the family loves you, Elizabeth. Will you take my place in the family, my dear? I can die happy if you look after them when I have gone.”‎ My mother died and we were very sad, because we loved her dearly. Elizabeth was brave and helped us; her sweet smile gave us some happiness in the unhappy days after my mother’s death. The time came for me to go to university. I didn’t want to leave my sad family, but we all knew that I should go. It was hard to leave, too, because the parents of my good friend Henry would not let him go to university with me. So I had gone alone.‎ On my first day at university I met my teacher, Professor Waldman, who was one of the greatest scientists in the world. He gave a wonderful talk to all the students who were starting at ‎ the university. He ended his talk by saying, “Some of you will become the greatest scientists of tomorrow. You must study hard and discover everything that you can. This is why God made you intelligent—to help other people.”‎ After the professor’s talk, I thought very carefully. I remembered the storm when I was 15; I remembered how the lightning had destroyed the tree. From then on, I wanted to use electricity to help people, and I wanted to discover the secrets of life. I decided to work on these two things. ‎ I started to work the next day. I worked very hard and soon Professor Waldman and I realized that I could learn to be a very good scientist.‎ The professor helped me very much, and other important scientists who were his friends helped me, too. I was interested in my work and I did not take one day’s holiday during the next two years, I did not go home, and my letters to my family were very short.‎ After two years, I had discovered many things and I built a scientific machine that was the best in the university. My machine would help me answer the most important question of all. How does life begin? Is it possible to put life into dead things? To answer these questions about life I had to learn first about death. I had to watch bodies from the moment when they died and the warm life left them. In the hospital and in the university, I watched the dying and the dead. Day after day, month after month, I followed death, so it was a dark and terrible time.‎ I built a tall mast about 150 meters high, which is higher than the tallest building in the city, to catch lightning and send the electricity down to my machine in the lab. I believed I could use that electricity to give life to things that were dead.‎ Then one day, the answer came to me. Suddenly I was sure that I knew the secret of life.‎ ‎24.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．Victor did not want to leave his family because his mother died not long before.‎ B．Elizabeth married shortly after Victor’s mother died.‎ C．Elizabeth was a brave girl who loved Victor and gave him much help.‎ D．Victor’s mother was very angry when she knew he loved Elizabeth.‎ ‎25.Victor did all the following during his research in the university EXCEPT that.‎ A．he discovered many things and built a scientific machine B．he learnt much about death both in the hospitals and in the university C．he built a tall mast to catch lightning and send the electricity down to the lab D．he worked hard and took only one day’s holiday during the next two years ‎26.According to the author, the secret of life is to.‎ A．use electricity to cure diseases B．build the best machine to learn about death C．become the greatest scientist of tomorrow D．give life to things that were dead by using electricity ‎27.Which is the correct order about the life of Victor?‎ ‎① Victor’s mother passed away. ‎ ‎② Victor got help from the professor and other scientists.‎ ‎③ Victor went to university and attended the professor’s talk.‎ ‎④ Victor found the answer to giving life to things that were dead.‎ ‎⑤ Victor experienced a storm, seeing the lightning destroying the tree.‎ A．①②③④⑤ B．⑤①③②④ C．①③②⑤④ D．⑤①②④③‎ C After achieving huge success in the past two seasons, Letters Alive returns with more surprises. The show is performed first on China’s major video platform, v.qq.com, and then is aired on Heilongjiang Satellite TV on Saturdays. Letterspenned by celebrities（名人）ages ago, or modern ordinary people, are chosen and then read by today’s stars, striking a chord（引起共鸣）with audiences by presenting human stories.‎ According to Guan Zhengwen, the show’s chief director, the letters offer a view into universal values. “There is only one standard in our selection. That is, these letters deserve to be seen by more people,” the director said.‎ ‎“Different cultural backgrounds do exist in the world, but human nature can bridge different cultures. People’s understanding of themselves, others and society can be understood through writing, and that’s the power of letters,” the director said. “Chinese letters are still the mainstay of the program, but the addition of classic letters from abroad is certain to bring more tastes to it,” he added.‎ As a rule, the 12-episode（一集）culture program has invited many well-known Chinese celebrities. In comparison with the former two seasons, more young artists are taking part this time. “Our program’s viewers under the age of 29 account for more than 75 percent of the total.‎ ‎ However, the popularity of celebrities among the young generation is not our selection preference,” Guan said.‎ Also it is worth noting that the program has added a comment time. Each time a letter is read, a famous commentator sits in the studio and shares his feelings toward the letter and tells viewers the stories behind letters. “The commentators’ views do not stand for the truth, as there are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people’s eyes,” the director said. “But they, based on their vision and experience, will express positive social energy to viewers.”‎ ‎28. What does the underlined word “aired” probably mean in the first paragragh?‎ ‎ A. Advertised. B. Broadcast. C. Sold. D. Made.‎ ‎29. Why are some classic letters from abroad chosen by the show?‎ ‎ A. To make the show more colorful. B. To attract more young audiences.‎ ‎ C. To bring more fashion to the program. D. To cover the shortage of Chinese letters.‎ ‎30. What is new about the program?‎ ‎ A. Foreign artists will be invited for the first time.‎ ‎ B. More stars favored by the young will be chosen.‎ ‎ C. There will be an explanation after the reading is finished.‎ ‎ D. Viewers will have a chance to read their own letters in the show.‎ ‎31. Where can we read this text?‎ ‎ A. In an advertisement. B. In a history textbook.‎ ‎ C. In a fashion magazine. D. In a news report.‎ D Researchers have studied how birth order affects kid’s personalities in the past, but one study out of the United Kingdom has found that firstborns may have an educational advantage over their younger siblings (兄弟姐妹).‎ Researchers at the University of Essex’s Institute for Social and Economic Research surveyed 3,553 individuals and 1,503 groups of siblings, and discovered that firstborn children tended to have higher educational aspirations and attainment. Only children and firstborn twins were not included in the study.‎ For each family involved in the study, researcher Feifei Bu examined sibling birth order, the ‎ number of children in the family, age spacing, sex, health, relationships with one another and educational aspirations. She found that firstborns had a greater probability—16 percent higher—of attending further education, compared with later-born sibling.‎ ‎“The advantage of firstborns in educational outcomes may be partially explained by the fact that firstborns tend to have higher aspirations which push them toward high education levels,” Bu wrote in the published study.‎ She further explained to The Guardian that parenting could play a role. “It could be that the parents simply devote more time and energy to them; it could be that they are actually more intelligent. For me, I tend to lean towards the theory that the amount of time, energy and involvement that parents put into caring for their children is possibly at work here,” she said.‎ She also found age spacing to be a contributing factor. The further apart in age the siblings—for example, a six year instead of one year difference—the more likely both kids were to be successful. The idea is that with widely spaced siblings, parents have the ability to spread out their resources. In other words, they have time to give each child more time and money.‎ But younger siblings shouldn’t worry. The world is full of successful middle and youngest children willing to prove this study wrong.‎ ‎32. Who are more likely to complete higher levels of education according to Paragraphs 1 and 2?‎ A. Only children. B. Firstborn twins.‎ C. Younger siblings. D. Firstborn siblings.‎ ‎33. What is possibly important for kids’ educational achievement according to Bu?‎ A. Parental investment. B. Parents’ intelligence.‎ C. Kids native intelligence. D. Kids’ school environment.‎ ‎34. What is the influence of wider age spacing between two siblings?‎ A. It may cause conflicts between them.‎ B. It may place more pressure on parents.‎ C. Both of them are more likely to succeed.‎ D. They are likely to be different from each other.‎ ‎35. How is the text mainly developed?‎ A. By listing examples. B. By giving descriptions.‎ C. By setting down general rules. D. By presenting research findings.‎ 第二节：七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)‎ 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ When you’re a teenager, of course, you want to stress the difference between your age group and the older generation, and changing the language you use is a great way to do this.‎ One way in which teens change their language is to introduce new vocabulary or change the meaning of existing words. ____36____. Bad suddenly meant good and sick took on the meaning of very cool. These uses don’t last for long, though. They change again very quickly.‎ ‎___37___. One example of a teen-led change is the fashionable use among some young people of innit (a shortened form of isn’t it) as a substitute for all question tags. Although some people are concerned that this trend towards “text-speak” is harming the language, Professor David Crystal doesn’t agree. According to him, the fact that teens use “text-speak”, shortened words and even emoticons does not mean the end of the language. Texting is just a new type of English that has evolved as a result of Internet technology. ____38____.‎ Although teenagers are often criticised for ignoring linguistic rules and ruining the language, we should bear in mind that languages are not fixed. ____39____. New vocabulary develops as speakers need new words to match the new things in their lives, Grammar also changes over time, which explains why many present-day speakers find Shakespeare’s sixteenth-century plays difficult to read. ____40____, but realizing that language change is normal and unavoidable and that teens are important to this process might help the older generations to sleep better at night.‎ A. Young people also make changes to grammar B. It hasn’t had any influence on the rest of the language C Adults may not like the way teens speak to each other D. They all change naturally over time for a lot of reasons E. Young people tend to adapt themselves to new language F. We continue to need to create many new words and phrases these days G. Some recent examples of teen-speak show how big these changes in meaning can be 第三部分、语言知识运用（共两节,满分30分）‎ 第一节、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Everyone back home told me that one of the nicest things about college is the people you meet. They all assured me that I would ____41____ friendships that could last a lifetime. I would always smile and agree. Frankly, before I ____42____ college. I really didn’t care.‎ I lived in the ____43____ where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms. All my roommates seemed to be good guys, but I didn’t really try to get to know them.‎ I have always been rather quiet and never been able to make friends ____44____. I would always forget names after I met people. When we ____45____ again and they called out my name, I would reply with an ____46____ wave and a weak hello. This was how things went for the first month or so. After a while, things started to ____47____. A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking. Soon, these two roommates and I started becoming fairly ____48____. We began going to the cafeteria together, ____49____ together, and meeting in the library to study.‎ One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommate’s practice with one of our college choir. They drove me across campus where my roommate was to ____50____.‎ It so happened that this was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it. So you can imagine my ____51____ when we entered the recital hall and the 120-member choir began to sing “Happy Birthday” to me. ____52____ at the dorm, my friends held a small party for me, complete with a card and cake.‎ I was completely shocked, and I felt ____53____ to be able to call them friends. It was then that I realized that college means ____54____ the piece of paper you receive at the end — It’s an ____55____ in both life and people.‎ ‎41. A. form B. follow C. approach D. introduce ‎42. A. leave out B. leave behind C. leave for D. leave aside ‎43. A. dorm B. hotel C. inn D. canteen ‎44. A. deliberately B. easily C. greedily D. merely ‎45. A. attended B. emerged C. passed D. proposed ‎46. A. splendid B. unique C. embarrassed D. upset ‎47. A. turn B. worsen C. arise D. change ‎48. A. intangible B. aggressive C. tiresome D. close ‎49. A. exercising B. dropping C. rising D. kicking ‎50. A. preserve B. perform C. settle D. serve ‎51. A. surprise B. dislike C. disappointment D. bonus ‎52. A. Away B. Down C. Back D. Out ‎53. A. aware B. afraid C. sure D. proud ‎54. A. more than B. rather than C. less than D. other than ‎55. A. culture B. tradition C. custom D. education 第二节、单词或语法填空（共10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分）‎ 在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎56. --- Why does Lucy look worried?‎ ‎--- She may have failed the interview, in ______ case she won’t be able to pay for the bill.‎ ‎57. —Why haven’t you finished your homework yet?‎ ‎ —The problem are so difficult. I ______ (work) hard without stop all day.‎ ‎58. —Will you go to Mary’s wedding party tonight? ‎ ‎—I’m afraid not. I _______ (attend) my brother’s.‎ ‎59. More highways have been built in China, _____ (make) it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.‎ ‎60. —I thought I asked you to fix the radio.‎ ‎—Oh, sorry, Mum. I____ (do) it right away.‎ ‎61. We finally managed to make the customers ________（确信） of the quality of the car.‎ ‎62.The couple live in h_________ with each other: they never quarrel with each other about anything.‎ ‎63. My teacher always creates an a__________ which makes his students communicate with ‎ ‎ each other freely.‎ ‎64. What were you doing when the accident o__________.‎ ‎65. The seriously injured man gathered all his s __________to walk towards the lighted house.‎ 第四部分、写作（共两小节,满分40分）‎ 第一节、应用文写作（15分）‎ ‎66. 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 写信目的；2个人优势；3. 能做的事情。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数80左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ 第二节、概要写作（25分）‎ ‎67.阅读下面短文，根据内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。 Scientists in London say they have found the best diet for both humans and the planet. If the world followed the so-called “planetary health” diet, the scientists told Reuters that each year more than 11 million early deaths could be prevented. Scientists say that the way we produce and eat food is very bad for the planet. For the health of the planet, they claim the same diet would reduce greenhouse gases and save more land, water and animals.‎ Tim Lang, a professor at Britain’s University of London, co-led the research. He told Reuters, “The food we eat and how we produce it determines the health of people and the planet, and we are currently getting this seriously wrong.” Lang added that the world’s population is expected to grow to 10 billion people by 2050. If we want to feed everyone, he explained, we all need to change what we eat and the way we eat by “improving food production and reducing food waste.”‎ Well, what do you eat on the planetary health diet? The scientists who created this diet say it is largely plant-based but still has small amounts of dairy, fish and meat. The diet calls for cutting red meat and sugar by 50 percent and doubling the amount of nuts, fruits, vegetables and legumes.‎ Food situations around the world are not equal. In certain areas, this would mean great changes. People in North America, for example, eat 6.5 times the recommended amount of red meat. On the ‎ other hand, people in South Asia eat only half the amount suggested by the new planetary health diet. Meeting the targets for vegetables would need big changes in other areas. In sub-Saharan Africa, people on average eat 7.5 times the suggested amount of vegetables like potatoes and cassava.‎ The scientists admit their goal will be difficult to achieve. But for them doing nothing is also not an option. Willet said, “If we can’t quite make it, it’s better to try and get as close as we can.”‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ 听力 1 -5 BABCA 6 - l0 BABCC ‎ ‎11 - 15 CBABA 16 - 20 BCAAB 阅读 21-23 BBA 24-27 CDDB 28-31 BACD 32-35.DACD 36-40. G A BDC ‎【答案】41-45ACABC 46-50CDDAB 51-55 ACDAD ‎56,which 57.have been working 58. will be attending 59.making 60. will do ‎61.convinced 62.harmony 63.atmosphere 64.occurred 65. strength ‎【答案】Dear Sir or Madam,‎ I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer for the Chinese Painting Exhibition which will be held in your art gallery. I think I am qualified for this job, because I have learned Chinese painting since childhood. Besides, I am fluent in both Chinese and English, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings. If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese painting.‎ I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity. I’m looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Scientists claim they have obtained the best diet benefiting both humans and the planet. Tim Lang, the leader of the research, emphasized the significance of changing the food and the way we eat. In other words, it is more scientific for diet to be more based on plants than animals. However, the food condition is not globally balanced. Tough as the target is to realize, it is worth trying. (69 words)‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。埃塞克斯大学社会经济研究所的研究人员调查了3553名个体和1503组兄弟姐妹，发现长子往往有更高的教育抱负和成就。研究中没有包括独生子女和头胎双胞胎。其中父母花在照顾孩子上的时间、精力和投入可能在这里发挥了作用。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段Researchers at the University of Essex’s Institute for Social and Economic Research surveyed 3,553 individuals and 1,503 groups of siblings, and discovered that firstborn ‎ children tended to have higher educational aspirations and attainment. Only children and firstborn twins were not included in the study.（埃塞克斯大学社会经济研究所的研究人员调查了3553名个体和1503组兄弟姐妹，发现长子往往有更高的教育抱负和成就。研究中没有包括独生子女和头胎双胞胎。）可知根据第1段和第2段内容，长子的兄弟姐妹更有可能完成更高层次的教育。故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段中For me, I tend to lean towards the theory that the amount of time, energy and involvement that parents put into caring for their children is possibly at work here,” she said.（“对我来说，我倾向于这样一种理论:父母花在照顾孩子上的时间、精力和投入可能在这里发挥了作用。”）可知Bu认为，父母的投资可能对孩子的教育成就很重要。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句The further apart in age the siblings—for example, a six year instead of one year difference—the more likely both kids were to be successful.（兄弟姐妹的年龄差距越大——例如，相差6岁而不是1岁——两个孩子成功的可能性就越大。）可知兄弟姐妹之间年龄差距越大，他们成功的可能性越大。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 推理判断题。分析文章结构可知，第一二段主要说明了“长子的兄弟姐妹更有可能完成更高层次的教育”的研究发现，第五段说明父母的投资可能对孩子的教育成就很重要；第六段第一句She also found age spacing to be a contributing factor.（她还发现年龄间隔也是一个影响因素。）说明兄弟姐妹之间年龄差距越大，他们成功的可能性越大。可知文章主要本文主要通过展示研究成果来展开。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】 ‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了青少年改变语言的一种方式是引入新的词汇或改变现有词汇的意思。最近一些青少年语言的例子表明，这些意义上的变化是多么巨大。以及对这种变化人们的态度。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 根据上文One way in which teens change their language is to introduce new vocabulary or change ‎ the meaning of existing words.（青少年改变语言的一种方式是引入新的词汇或改变现有词汇的意思。）中change the meaning可对应到G选项：Some recent examples of teen-speak show how big these changes in meaning can be（最近一些青少年语言的例子表明，这些意义上的变化是多么巨大。）代入符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 根据下文One example of a teen-led change is the fashionable use among some young people of innit (a shortened form of isn’t it) as a substitute for all question tags.（一个由青少年主导的改变的例子是innit (not it的缩写形式)在一些年轻人中作为所有问题标签的替代品而流行起来。）可知是在列举年轻人也会改变语法的例子。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 根据上文Texting is just a new type of English that has evolved as a result of Internet technology.（发短信只是一种新型的英语，是互联网技术发展的结果。）可知B选项：It hasn’t had any influence on the rest of the language（它对语言的其他部分没有任何影响。）符合上下文语境。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 根据上文Although teenagers are often criticised for ignoring linguistic rules and ruining the language, we should bear in mind that languages are not fixed.（虽然青少年经常被批评忽视语言规则和破坏语言，我们应该记住语言不是固定的。）可知语言不是固定的，它们都会随着时间的推移而自然地改变，原因有很多。故D选项符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 根据下文but realizing that language change is normal and unavoidable and that teens are important to this process might help the older generations to sleep better at night.（但是意识到语言的变化是正常的，不可避免的，青少年在这个过程中是很重要的，这可能会帮助老年人在晚上睡得更好。）可知本空为论述成年人对青少年之间说话方式的态度：成年人可能不喜欢青少年之间说话的方式。故C选项符合语境。‎ 这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者刚上大学时并不在在乎友谊，过了一段时间，情况开始发生变化作者和两个室友越来越亲密，室友也帮作者准备了生日惊喜。作者意识到大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸——它是对生活和人的一种教育。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都向我保证，我会与他们建立可以持续一生的友谊。A. form构成；建立；B. follow跟随；C. approach接近；D. introduce介绍。根据下文friendships可知是建立持续一生的友谊，故选A。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：坦白地说，在我上大学之前，我真的不在乎。A. leave out遗漏；B. leave behind留下；C. leave for动身去；D. leave aside搁置。短语leave for college“上大学”。故选C。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我住在六个人住在两个相连的小房间里的宿舍里。A. dorm宿舍；B. hotel旅馆；C. inn旅馆；D. canteen食堂。根据下文where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms可知是宿舍。故选A。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直很安静，从不轻易交朋友。A. deliberately故意地；B. easily容易地；C. greedily贪婪地；D. merely仅仅。根据上文I have always been rather quiet and never been able to make friends可知作者一直很安静，从不轻易交朋友。故选B。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们再次经过时，他们叫我的名字，我会尴尬地挥一挥手，虚弱地打个招呼。A. attended参加；B. emerged出现；C. passed经过；D. proposed提议。根据下文again可知是再次经过相遇。故选C。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们再次经过时，他们叫我的名字，我会尴尬地挥一挥手，虚弱地打个招呼。A. splendid辉煌的；B. unique独特的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. upset沮丧的。根据上文I would always forget names after I met people.可知作者并不记得这些人的名字因此只能尴尬地挥手，故选C。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析句意：过了一段时间，情况开始发生变化。A. turn转变；B. worsen恶化；C. arise上升；D. change改变。根据下文A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking.可知事情发生了变化。故选D。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，我和这两个室友开始变得相当亲密。A. intangible无形的；B. aggressive侵略性的；C. tiresome烦人的；D. close亲密的。根据下文We began going to the cafeteria together可知作者和室友变得亲密。故选D。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们开始一起去自助餐厅，一起锻炼，一起去图书馆学习。A. exercising锻炼；B. dropping落下；C. rising上升；D. kicking踢。根据上文We began going to the cafeteria together可知是一起进行一些日常生活上的活动，故选A“锻炼”。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们开车送我穿过我室友要表演的校园。A. preserve保存；B. perform表演；C. settle定居；D. serve服务。根据上文One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommate’s practice with one of our college choir.可知室友要演出。故选B。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以你可以想象当我们进入演奏厅，120人的唱诗班开始为我唱“生日快乐”时，我是多么的惊讶。A. surprise惊喜；B. dislike不喜欢；C. disappointment失望；D. bonus奖金。根据上文It so happened that this was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it.可知作者很惊讶。故选A。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。句意：回到宿舍，我的朋友们为我举办了一个小型聚会，聚会上有一张卡片和一个蛋糕。A. Away离去；B. Down向下；C. Back回去；D. Out在外面。根据下文my friends held a small party for me可知是回到了宿舍。故选C。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我完全惊呆了，我为能称他们为朋友而感到自豪。A. aware意识到的；B. afraid害怕的；C. sure确信的；D. proud骄傲的。根据下文to be able to call them friends可知作者为能称他们为朋友而感到自豪。故选D。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查短语辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸——它是对生活和人的一种教育。A. more than多于；不仅仅；B. rather than而不是；C. less than少于；D. other than除了。根据下文the piece of paper you receive at the end — It’s an education in both life and people可知大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸——它是对生活和人的一种教育。故选A。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我意识到大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸——它是对生活和人的一种教育。A. culture文化；B. tradition传统；C. custom习俗；D. education教育。根据下文in both life and people可知大学时对生活和人的一种教育。故选D。‎ ‎【解析】‎ 分析】‎ 本篇书面表达要求写一封申请信，属于书信应用文。‎ ‎【详解】1.审题立意 本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写申请信，人称使用第一人称和第二人称，时态用一般现在时。‎ ‎2.谋篇布局 书信格式，称呼和落款文中已经给出。首段，写信的目的，中间段写个人优势和能做的事，最后一段总结。‎ ‎3. 关键词和句子 根据写作要点及构思好的提纲我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和句子有：volunteer，a Chinese Painting Exhibition，advantages，I am good at…，I can help with.../I’ll devote myself to…。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误，并增加一些细节和过渡性的词汇，如First of all，Besides，to begin with，moreover，as for me，Last but not least等，使全文衔接自然，语义流畅。‎ ‎【点睛】本文开门见山，表达了写信的目的；之后详细介绍了个人的优势和能做的事情，详略得当，内容完整，同时使用了高级词汇和高级句子。高级词汇：be qualified for，be fluent in，be beneficial for等；高级句式：because I have learned Chinese painting since childhood此处使用了原因状语从句。which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.使用了非限制性定语从句。If I am lucky enough to be chosen as a volunteer, I can show visitors around the gallery and get them to know more about Chinese painting.使用了条件状语从句。‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。科学家们说：他们已经找到了适合人类和地球的最佳饮食。文章介绍了这种最佳饮食的必要性和特点。‎ ‎【详解】这篇文章属于科学研究报道类的文章。那么，研究结果即是文章中心。故第一段的中心句是首句：Scientists in London say they have found the best diet for both humans and the planet（伦敦的科学家们说，他们已经找到了适合人类和地球的最佳饮食。）第二段的最后一句是中心句：If we want to feed everyone, he explained, we all need to change what we eat and the way we eat by “improving food production and reducing food waste.通过该句，我们可以知道该段主要介绍的我们改变自己吃的食物和饮食方式的必要性。第三段回答了这个问题：What do you eat on the planetary health diet? 答案为：it is largely plant-based but still has small amounts of dairy, fish and meat（它主要是以植物为基础的，但仍然含有少量的乳制品、鱼和肉。）第四段的首句是中心句：Food situations around the world are not equal.（世界各地的食物状况是不平等的。）。同时该段提到：Meeting the targets for vegetables would need big changes（要达到健康饮食均衡的目标，需要做出巨大的改变）。最后一段的中心句为末句：The scientists admit their goal will be difficult to achieve. But for them doing nothing is also not an option.（科学家们承认他们的目标很难实现。但对他们来说，无所事事也不是一种选择。即：科学家们会竭尽全力来实现目标。）。综合上述几段的中心可知，文章的中心可概括为：Scientists claim they have obtained the best diet benefiting both humans and the planet. Tim Lang, the leader of the research, emphasized the significance of changing the food and the way we eat. In other words, it is more scientific for diet to be more based on plants than animals. However, the food condition is not globally balanced. Tough as the target is to realize, it is worth trying.‎