【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题特殊句式（倒装句）学案（6页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习语法专题特殊句式（倒装句）学案（6页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习语法专题 特殊句式（倒装句）学案 一、完全倒装 ‎①On the ground lie some air conditioners, which are to be shipped to some other cities.‎ 地上放着一些空调，将要用船运到其他城市去。‎ ‎②Down jumped the robber from the top of the building when the policeman pointed the gun at him.‎ 当警察把枪对准他的时候，强盗从楼上跳了下来。‎ ‎③Hanging on the wall are two paintings by Qi Baishi. ‎ 墙上挂的是两张齐白石的画。‎ ‎④There is an experienced teacher and many lovely students in the classroom.‎ 教室里有一位有经验的教师和很多可爱的学生。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ 在英语中，把谓语全部放在主语之前的倒装句，称为完全倒装句。常见的完全倒装句有以下几种：‎ ‎1．表示方位或时间的副词或介词短语，如here, there, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等置于句首，且主语是名词时。‎ ‎2．若把作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语置于句首时，用完全倒装句。‎ ‎3．there be句型：其中be动词有时可用exist, live, stand, lie, seem, appear, remain, happen 等词代替，谓语动词用就近原则。‎ 二、部分倒装 ‎①Only after he failed a third time did he admit that his English ability was quite limited.‎ 直到他又一次失败(之前已经失败过两次)，他才承认他的英语能力很有限。‎ ‎②—It's nice. Never before have I had such a special drink!‎ ‎—I'm glad you like it. ‎ ‎——太好喝了。我以前从未喝过这样特别的饮料！‎ ‎——你喜欢我很高兴。‎ ‎③On no condition can we deny that the Diaoyu Islands have been part of China's territory for centuries.‎ 我们决不能否认，几个世纪以来钓鱼岛一直是中国领土不可分割的一部分。‎ ‎④Not until he told me about it again did I have any idea of it.‎ 直到他又告诉我一遍我才明白它。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ ‎1．only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时句子使用部分倒装。‎ ‎2．否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little，seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时，句子使用部分倒装。‎ 三、部分倒装的特殊句式 ‎①If a healthy environment is gone, so is everything that our life depends on.‎ 如果一个健康的环境消失了，我们赖以生存的一切也会消失。‎ ‎②So tired was I after a whole day's heavy work that I could hardly stand on my feet.‎ 在一天的繁重工作之后我是如此累以至于几乎站不住了。‎ ‎③Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it.‎ 不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助，而且也要给那些需要帮助的人提供医疗保健服务。‎ ‎④Faced with the great danger of drowning as he was, the young man jumped into the river to save the struggling boy without hesitation.‎ 尽管面临溺水的巨大危险，这个年轻人还是毫不犹豫地跳下河去营救在水中挣扎的男孩。‎ ‎⑤No sooner had he heard someone calling for help than he jumped into the river without hesitation 一听见有人呼救，他毫不犹豫地跳入河中。‎ ‎[规律总结]‎ ‎1．表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。‎ ‎2．在so ...that ...和such ...that ...句式中，如果so或such引导的部分位于句首时，主句中需要部分倒装。‎ ‎3．not only ...but also ...连接两个并列分句，not only置于句首时，它所在的分句使用部分倒装。‎ ‎4．as/though引导让步状语从句时，可将表语、状语或谓语动词提前，构成倒装。句式为：表语、状语或动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他。(though引导的从句也可用正常语序)‎ ‎5．hardly ...when ...; no sooner ...than ...; scarcely ...when ...“刚……就……”，hardly/scarcely/no sooner位于句首时，前一个句子用部分倒装，后一个句子不倒装，且主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。‎ 常考点一：完全倒装 ‎1．Even more widespread ________ the copying of music and the pirating of software, especially with the development of new computer programs.‎ A．is　　　　　　　　　　　 B．does C．are D．do 解析：选C　句意：盗版音乐和软件甚至更普遍，特别是随着新的电脑程序的发展。为了表示强调，作表语的形容词置于句首，句子用完全倒装；句子的主语是“the copying of music and the pirating of software”，表示复数，句子表示当前存在的状态，是系表结构，所以谓语动词用are。故选C。‎ 常考点二：部分倒装 ‎2．(2017·江苏高考)________not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.‎ A．It were B．Were it C．It was D．Was it 解析：选B　句意：要不是老师的支持，这个学生不可能克服困难。该句是省略if的虚拟条件句，if省略后需要将were提前构成倒装，故选B。‎ ‎3．(2016·江苏高考)Not until recently ________ the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas.‎ A．they had encouraged B．had they encouraged C．did they encourage D．they encouraged 解析：选C　句意：他们直到最近才鼓励在农村地区开展旅游业相关活动。not until属于表示否定意义的连词，引导时间状语，放在句首，主句倒装。‎ ‎4．(2015·天津高考)Only when Lily walked into the office ________ that she had left the contract at home.‎ A．she realized B．has she realized C．she has realized D．did she realize 解析：选D　句意：当莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。only修饰状语或者状语从句位于句首时，主句谓语动词要用部分倒装。根据题干可知是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎5．________ speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”， the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent.‎ A．So accustomed are we to B．As we are so accustomed to C．Accustomed as we are to D．Accustomed as are we to 解析：选C　句意：虽然我们习惯把1927年以前拍摄的电影称为“无声”，但是电影从来就不是真正意义上的无声。as引导让步状语从句时，必须用倒装，把句中形容词、副词、名词和动词等提前。‎ ‎6．Never in all my life ________ that one day I would leave my place of birth and travel around the world.‎ A．do I think B．I think C．did I think D．I thought 解析：选C　句意：我一生中从来没想过有一天会离开我的出生地，环游世界。表示否定意义的短语“never in my life”放在句首，句子使用半倒装形式；再根据从句中的谓语动词would leave，可知应该用过去时，所以选C。‎ 单项填空 ‎1．Years may wrinkle the skin, but it is to give up enthusiasm ________ wrinkles the soul.‎ A．who　　　　　　　　　 B．which C．that D．when 解析：选C　句意：岁月悠悠，衰微只及肌肤；热忱抛却，颓唐必至灵魂。此句为强调句型“it is ... that ...”，to give up enthusiasm是被强调部分，所以用that。故选C项。‎ ‎2．It was only when I read Story of the Stone a second time ________ a better understanding of the relationships of the characters in it.‎ A．did I have B．that I had C．I did have D．had I had 解析：选B　句意：只有当我再次阅读《红楼梦》时，我更加理解了这本小说里的人物关系。分析句子结构可知，本句是对only引导的状语进行强调。强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。故选B项。‎ ‎3．When someone has AIDS, the person loses the ability to fight other illnesses. Eventually, so weak ________ that ________ very ill from usually mild sicknesses.‎ A．does the body's immune system become; does the person often become B．does the body's immune system become; the person often becomes C．the body's immune system becomes; the person often becomes D．the body's immune system becomes; does the person often become 解析：选B　句意：当有人患艾滋病时，这个人失去抗击其他疾病的能力。最终，身体的免疫系统变得如此地虚弱以致通常轻微的疾病都会使这个人病入膏肓。so ... that ... 意为“如此……以致……”，引导结果状语从句，当so位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，而从句则用正常语序。故选B项。‎ ‎4．(2018·南京市高三模拟)Never for one moment, believe it or not, ________ being faced with such a situation where a helping hand was greatly needed.‎ A．I imagined B．do I imagine C．I have imagined D．had I imagined 解析：选D　根据前面的Never可知，此处应该用倒装，排除A、C两项；再根据后面的时态是过去时可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示在过去的某一动作之前已完成的动作。故选D项。‎ ‎5．(2018·江苏省启东中学高三月考)—How was the televised debate last night?‎ ‎—Super! Rarely ________ so much media attention.‎ A．a debate attracted B．did a debate attract C．a debate did attract D．attracted a debate 解析：选B　句意：“昨晚的电视辩论怎么样？”“超级棒！很少有辩论能引起如此多的媒体关注。”rarely意为“很少地，罕有地”，置于句首，句子用部分倒装。‎ ‎6．(2018·扬中、六合等华罗庚七校高三联考)________ to the extraordinary beauty of Acropolis is the Erechtheum, famous for the six female statues supporting part of its roof.‎ A．Being added B．Having added C．Adding D．Added 解析：选C　句意：为阿克罗波利斯增添非凡的美丽的是厄瑞克修姆神庙，它以六座女神雕像而闻名，这六座雕像支撑着一部分庙顶。该句是倒装句，正常的语序是：the Erechtheum is adding to the extraordinary beauty of Acropolis ...。所以此处用现在分词短语作表语。‎ ‎7．(2018·南通、徐州高三联考) Why don't you turn to John for help? It is he, ________ I, ________ at computer.‎ A．more than; who am B．less than; who is C．other than; that am D．rather than; that is 解析：选D　句意：你为什么不去向约翰求助？是他而不是我在电脑旁。第一空：rather than“而不是”，符合句意。第二空填that is，这是强调句型，强调的是he。‎ ‎8．(2018·宿迁市三校高三调研)Across the Yangtze River ________ more than one bridge, the Nanjing Changjiang Bridge being the first one.‎ A．lay B．lies C．lie D．laid 解析：选B　句意：横跨长江的不止一座桥，南京长江大桥是第一座。表示方位的介词短语放在句首，句子要全部倒装。主语为“more than one bridge”，所以谓语动词用单数；另外本句描述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时态。‎