2019届二轮复习七选五阅读类型前后句逻辑思维连贯课件(21张)

2019届二轮复习七选五阅读类型前后句逻辑思维连贯课件(21张)

Logical Coherence in Gap Filling ——2019 届二轮复习 阅读 “ 七选五 ” 之逻辑衔接 解题策略 设空位置 （结构） 段落小标题 — 概括性短语 段首 — 主题句 段中 — 过渡句 段尾 — 总结概括句 词汇对应 （内容） 相同 / 相近 / 相反语义对应 / 词场 代词对应 句际关系 （逻辑） ? Step Ⅰ Review 上下文语境 逻辑衔接 Step II: Warm-up 1. My mother is an ordinary housewife. 2. She was sitting there, watching TV. 3. I found her weeping. 4. I told her a funny story. She …… 连句成篇 ( 要求：可以添加一些词与句，使其成为一个有趣的故事） 1. My mother is an ordinary housewife. 2. She was sitting there, watching TV. 3. I found her weeping. 4. I told her a funny story. She …… 1. My mother is an ordinary housewife. 2. She was sitting there, watching TV. 3. I found her weeping. 4. I told her a funny story. She …… 逻辑 关系 并列递进关系 转折对比关系 因果关系 概括总结关系 时间顺序关系 解释例证关系 解释例证关系 是指后面的句子对前面的句子作解释（是什么？怎么做？）、引申（有本意引出新意）、例证（举例说明）、使意思更加明了，具体。考查形式： 归纳 ( 从例子到观点 ) 和推理 ( 从观点到例子 ) 两种 。 （ 1 ） What is your logical relation between your choice and sentences (before and after blank) in your materials ? （ 2 ） What are commonly used linking words in this logical relation? (There are six different practices for different groups. Then I will ask one representive of your group to give me your group’s answer). Do the exercises and discuss with your group partners. Step III: Example1 Mildly raised glucose ( 葡萄糖 ) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 1 . A. But don't worry if your schedule isn't filled with life-changing events. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments. C. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain. 解释说明 :in fact; in other words, or rather （ 更确切的说 ) for example , for instance , as a matter of fact , actually ,that is ( to say ) 解释说明 Explanation and examples should be closely related to the statement. Example2 Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. 1 If you must say no to a child’s request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or, if the request is for many different things, say. “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.” Statement Explanation Examples A . Tell your child why he can- or cannot- have certain things. B. Permit the child to choose between them. C. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store. Method Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal – or at least many parts of it have. 1 . Ideas about social class – whether a person is “working - class” or “middle - class” – are one area in which changes have been extremely slow. A. In some ways, however, very little has changed, particularly where attitudes are concerned. B. Such changes could be apparent in the whole society. Example1 转折关键词： but, however, yet ,nevertheless, still, whereas, on the contrary, by contrast, in comparison, instead , otherwise, etc. 转折对比 Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp    Everyone is forgetful. As we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit and that can be a very annoying thing. 1 . Read on for some techniques worth trying. Example2 A . Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments. B. Some of us may even feel anxious and easily get angry . 带感情色彩的副词： unfortunately, luckily, surprisingly, 转折 对比 关系 转折对比常用关系词： but, however, yet, nevertheless, still, whereas, by contrast , on the contrary, in comparison, instead , otherwise, etc. 带感情色彩的副词 : unfortunately, luckily, surprisingly,etc. At first I was paid in candy. 1 I worked every day after school, and during the summer and on weekends and holidays from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. My father helped me set up a bank account Later I received 50 cents an hour. B. Before long, she let me sit there by myself. C. I ended my selling a record amount of cosmetics. D. Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers . 时间顺序关系 : 指各句子只能按事物发展的过程有先而后的顺序排列，不可随意改变次序，通常出现于记叙文或描述固定的操作程序的说明文中。 常用连接词： first, next , then , later, after that, afterwards, eventually, etc. 时间顺序 Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 1 And supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries. A. The music gives them extra energy. B. Music is playing in the background. C. Factory workers produce 13 percent more. D. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world. 并列递进关系： 指句与句之间处于平等并列的地位，互不相属，而只是组合在一起共同说明一个问题，可以改变次序。 常用联系词： and, also, further, moreover, what ’ s more, either … or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…. 并列递进 It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. 1 The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally. A. Making new friends comes easy for some people. B. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch. C. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you. 因果关系连接词： so, therefore, thus, hence, as a result, consequently... 因果关系 A serious problem for today’s society is ...... I would like to suggest several possible solutions to this problem. First, employers should take responsibility for their retired employees. … Another way of solving the problem is to return the responsibility to the individual. … In addition, the government could take responsibility for the care of the elderly. … 1 , it is reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations. A.To sum up, all these options have advantages and disadvantages. B. It’s unfair to let the social organization shoulder all the responsibility. C. To make this possible, a percentage of profits should be set aside for this purpose. 概括总结： to sum up, in short, in summary, in general, to conclude , in conclusion, in brief, on the whole 概括总结 解 题 策 略 设空位置 （结构） 段落小标题 — 概括性短语 段首 — 主题句 段中 — 过渡句 段尾 — 总结概括句 词汇对应 （内容） 相同 / 相近 / 相反语义对应 代词对应 句际关系 （逻辑） Step VI: Summary 解释例证 转折对比 并列递进 顺序因果 概括总结关系 时间顺序关系 They are combined in the sentences 上下文语境 StepV: Apply the approaches Choose five sentences for possible gap filling according to the logical coherence in each paragraph . 1. Exchange your ideas with your group members . 2. Present the best design, why? Things to remember before moving to New York City Before you move to any city, it is best to know a little about the city. So, reading up on the New York's history, facts and figures, statistics, facilities is always a good idea. Learn about the culture, how to deal with people, manners, and so on. It is always best to know what exactly you are getting into rather than landing there and getting a complete shock. Before you buy your clothes or shoes, you always try them on first, right? In the same way, before you move to New York, you need to visit it for a couple of days, so that you can see what the city is like. Take a tour of the city and try to imagine yourself living there. The best and worst thing about New York is that this city is controlled by money. To start with, you will need to make a budget. Then, you need to set aside an amount for emergencies only. If you are moving to New York with a job, or planning to get a job once you are in the city, then you need to make sure that your salary covers up all your expenses and the amount that you set aside for emergencies. Finding a neighborhood in New York is the key to actually enjoying your stay there. If you are moving to the city due to work, then look for accommodation close to your workplace. You need to decide what kind of neighborhoods you want. Do you want to live in a place that is quiet, like the Upper West Side or the Upper East Side, or do you want noisy set-ups, like the East Village, the Lower East Side, or the West Village? Give the city a chance to make some good memories, and enjoy your stay there. Be safe wherever you go, and don‘t worry too much. Once you are in New York, you never want to leave. Color is fundamental in home design — something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel. Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. 38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 . A. While all of them are useful. B. Whatever you’re looking for . C. If you’re experimenting with a color. D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with. E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces. F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time. G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways.   Homework Thanks for your attending! Thank you