2020届二轮复习非谓语动词-动名词课件（24张）

2020届二轮复习非谓语动词-动名词课件（24张）

2020 届二轮复习 非 谓语 动词 - 动名词 动名词的基本形式你知道吗？ 那么简单，谁不知道。是由动词末尾加 -ing 形式构成，因此又叫动词的 -ing 形式 。 V+ -ing 一、动名词的形式 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done More and more students are interested in learning English.( 有宾语 English) zxxk Excuse me for coming late.( 有状语 late) 动名词具有名词性质，它在句子中起着名词的作用，可单独或引起短语用作主语、表语、宾语（及物动词或介词的宾语）、定语等。 Trarelling abroad can widen one’s outlook. My favourite sport is playing table tennis. Would you mind turning off the radio? I am looking forward to hearing from you. 动名词的否定式 : 在其前面加否定词“ not” 或“ never” 构成 . He insisted on not having a rest in spite of his illness . 动名词的用法 1. 动名词 ( 短语 ) 作主语 , 可以放在句首 , 亦可以用 it 作形式主语 , 将用作真正主语的动名词放在句末 . 动名词作主语 , 谓语动词一般用单数形式 .(It’s no use/useless/no good/worth…doing) Walking and swimming are good exercises. It is no use apologizing. It is so nice talking to you. 2. 作表语 The only thing she is interested in is dancing. His most serious problem is smoking. Her job is taking care of children . She is taking care of children . 动名词作主语和表语一般表示比较抽象的或一般的习惯性的行为 . 注： 动名词作表语 与 现在分词作表语 的区别： 动名词作表语时相当于名词，说明主语的含义及内容，它与主语是 同等 关系，主语与表语 互换位置 不影响句子的基本含义，但 不可用副词 来修饰。 学科网 现在分词作表语时相当于形容词，说明主语的 特征、性质、状态 等，主语与表语不可互换位置，但 可用 very, quite 等副词 来修饰，如： My job is looking after the children. Our duty is serving the people heart and soul. The situation is encouraging. This cake is very inviting. 做主语 Smoking is forbidden here. It is no use trying again. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is no usegooduseless doing 3 ．做宾语 Ａ .be busy worth doing Be worthy to be done Be worhy of being done b. Need want require + doing 需要 = to be done This sentence needs______. A. a improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved C C. 含有 to 的短语动词 : beget used to, look forward to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, devote to lead to, on the way to, in addition to, prefer…to… We're looking forward ___________  the photo exhibition.A. to visiting     B. to visit      C. to having visited     D. visiting D D. 高中阶段能接 -ing 作宾语的常见动词 ： mind （介意 ),suggest （建议 ), enjoy （欣赏 ), admit （承认） , appreciate （感激，欣赏） , avoid （避免） , delay （推迟） , dislike （不喜欢，厌恶） , escape （逃脱） , finish （完成） , forgive （宽恕） , imagine （想象） , keep （保持） , miss （错过） , practise （训练） , resist （抵抗，抵制） , risk （冒险） , deny （拒绝，否认） , consider （考虑 ), mind, suggest, allow, permit, advise ,forbid, give up, put off, delay 等。 1. The officers narrowly escaped ___________in the hot battle.A. have killed       B. to kill       C. to be killed      D. being killed D 动词后可接动名词，也可接不定式作宾语； 1 ） . love, dislike, begin, start, continue, can’t bear ( 无法忍受） , 两种结构的意义差别不大。 They began talking/ to talk about something else. 2). like, hate, prefer , 等后，如果表示一般倾向，多用动名词作宾语；如指特定的或具体的某次行动，多用动词不定式作宾语。 I don’t like reading this kind of book. I hate speaking before a lot of people. I hate to speak a lot today. 3). forget / remember / regret+ V-ing 已做了 to + V 未做； I forgot mailing your letter. I forgot to mail your letter. 几组动词比较： 1). mean + V- ing 意味着 mean +to V 打算 Being early may mean wasting a little time. You really mean to go? 2). try+ V-ing 试着做 try +to -V 设法去做 try opening the back door try to do this exercise 3). can’t help + V-ing 忍不住 can’t help +to -V 无法帮助 I can’t help laughing. I can’t help to do it. 4). stop + V-ing 停止做某事（宾语） stop + to -V 停下来去做 （目的） 5). go on + V-ing 继续做同一件事 go on +to -V 接着做另一件事 — 在动名词前加上名词所 有格或物主代词。 1. 动名词短语前面可加一个 物主代词 , 来表示这个动名词逻辑上的主语 . 这种结构可用来作 :Do you think my coming there will be of any help?( 主语 ) 动名词复合结构 4 ．动名词还可以作定语， 如： singing competition swimming pool dining car opening speech drinking cup living room typing paper waiting room writing desk washing machine frying-pan sleeping-pill walking stick teaching method 注： 动名词作定语表示 被修饰名词的用途 ，它和名词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系；而 现在分词 作定语，表示被修饰名词本身的 动作、行为 ，它和名词之间有逻辑上的 主谓关系 。 Our sole worry is your relying too much on yourself.( 表语 )Please excuse my interrupting you.( 宾语 )She will be astonished at your coming home in such a manner.( 介宾 ) 2. 也可以用一个 名词所有格 来构成这种结构 . Mary’s grumbling annoyed him.What we felt uneasy about was Hsiao Lin’s having too much confidence in herself. They all thought Tom’s going there a great mistake.Does he object to Mary’s joining the amateur drama group? 3. 这种结构作 宾语 时 , 常可用 名词的普通格或人称代词宾格 . I don’t mind Tom (him) going . Is there any hope of Xiao Sun passing the exam? 注意， 1). 如果 代词和动词在句中作直接宾语时，只能用 宾格 。 Pardon me speaking bluntly. She forgave him saying so. 2). 如果动名词逻辑上的主语是无生命的东西，就只能用普通格，不能用所有格。 Is there any hope of our team winning the game? 1. 动名词的一般形式 表示一般性动作 ( 即不是明确的在过去 , 现在或未来将发生的动作 ) 或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生的动作 . They are all interested in climbing mountains. He took a great delight in helping others 动名词的完成形式与被动式 2. 如果要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生 , 我们通常用 动名词的完成形式 . He didn’t mention having met me. I regret not having taken her advice. I have no idea of their having done such a thing. 2. 在某些动词后如： enjoy, excuse … for, apologize for, find ,thank for ，我们常用动名词的一般形式，尽管动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的。 He apologized for interrupting us. Thank you for giving us so much help. 3. 当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象时。动名词一般要用被动形式。 His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness. He didn’t mind being left at home. 4. 但要注意，在 want, need, deserve, require 等动词后，尽管表示的是被动却用动名词的主动形式。 My pen needs filling. This problem requires studying with great care. 5. 在这类结构中，动名词和句子主语有着动宾关系，因此如果这个动名词是个不及物动词，后面就还应当用一个适当的介词： The picture is not worth looking at . Who needs looking after ? 组卷网 1. How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden?  A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking 2. -I must apologize for __ ahead of time. -That's all right.  A. letting you not know B. not letting you know  C. letting you know not D. letting not you know C B 3. -You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. -Well, now I regret ________ that.  A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 4. One learns a language by making mistakes and ________ them.  A. correct B. correcting C. corrects D. to correct D B