高考英语考点32 条件状语从句

高考英语考点32 条件状语从句

1 考点 32 条件状语从句 高考频度：★★★★★ 一、条件状语从句 1. if 引导的条件状语从句 if 可引导非真实条件状语从句(见＂虚拟语气＂)和真实条件状语从句。 If he said that, he can’t be telling the truth. 如果他说了那样的话，他不可能是说实话。 2. unless 引导的条件状语从句 unless 引导的是否定条件状语从句，在意义上相当于 if...not，而且语气较强，一般不用于虚拟语气。 You’ll be late unless you hurry. 你会迟到的，如果不赶快的话。 1.(2018·北京卷·单项填空) _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A. Although B. While C. If D. Until 【答案】C 2.________ we have enough evidence, we can't win the case. A. Once B. As long as C. Unless D. Since 【答案】C　 【解析】考查连词。句意：如果我们没有足够的证据，我们就赢不了官司。后句说官司打不赢，用 unless 来表示相反的条件。 【名师点睛】条件状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生条件的状语从句。引导条件状语从句最经常 用的连词是 if，它的意思是＂如果＂； 也可以用 unless 引导：unless 的意思是＂如果不＂＂除非＂，相当 于 if not。 3. only if 引导的条件状语从句 2 only if 在引导条件状语从句时意为＂只有……(才)；只有在……的时候，唯一的条件是……＂。 I’ll let you use the car only if you keep it in good condition. 只要你把车保养好，我就让你用。 4. as/so long as 引导的条件状语从句 as/so long as 意为＂只要；如果＂。 As long as it doesn’t rain, we can play. 只要不下雨我们就能玩。 You won’t find paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it. A. even if B. as long as C .as if D. ever since 【答案】B 5. provided (that)/providing (that)引导的条件状语从句 provided (that)/providing (that)意为＂假如；如果＂。 I will agree to go provided / providing (that) my expense is paid. 假如为我负担费用，我就同意去。 Providing you promise not to tell anyone else I’ll explain the secret. 假如你承诺不告诉别人，我就告诉你这个秘密。 6. on condition that（条件是）和 suppose / supposing (that)（假设；如果）也可引导条件状语从句 I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it a secret. 我可以告诉你真相，条件是你答应保守秘密。 Suppose/ Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help? 在条件状语从句中，通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。不过，有时表示 条件的 if 之后可能用 will，但那不是将来时态, 而是表示意愿或委婉的请求(will 为情态动词)。 If you will sit down for a few moments, I’ll tell the manager you’re here. 请稍坐片刻，我这就通知经理 说您来了。&网 3 二、方式状语从句 表示行为方式的状语从句常由 as（依照……，像……一样），as if（正如……，似乎……），as though （似乎……，好像……），（just）as... so...（正如……）引导，多置于主句之后。 1.as，(just) as... so...引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as...so...结构中位于句首，这时 as 从句带有比喻的含义，意思是＂正如……＂，＂就像＂，多用于正式文体。 Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待别人。 As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。 Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 2.as if，as though 两者的意义和用法相同，引导的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时 也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作＂仿佛……似的＂，＂好像……似 的＂。 They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。） 【名师点睛】 as if / as though 也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语。 He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。 He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。 The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。 1. He looked at me curiously _______________ he had some doubt which he was unwilling to express. 4 A.as if B.in case C.unless D.so that 【答案】A 2. More people will eat out in restaurants _______________ they do today. A. than B. when C. while D. as 【答案】D 【解析】句意：正如人们现在所做的一样，更多的人将会在饭店吃饭。as 在此引导方式状语从句，表示＂如 同，照……的方式＂。 题组一 能力过关 I.单项填空 1. This medicine is quite beneficial to your recovery after the operation,______ you take it as told. A. unless B. providing C. considering D. since 2.I'll be out for some time. ______ anything important happens, call me up immediately. A. In case B. As if C. Even though D. Now that 3.She says that she'll have to close the shop ________ business improves. A. if B. unless C. after D. when 4.She says that she'll have to close the shop ________ business improves. A. if B. unless C. after D. when 5. The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We’d better leave things __________ they are until the police arrive. A. since B. as C. though D. unless 6. The two boys had so much in common as if they ____________ brought up in the same family. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 7. —Do you remember the experiment we did together many years ago? 5 —Yes, ____________ we did it yesterday. A. as if B. even if C. only if D. if only 8. My daughter stared at me, angrily, ___________ I were her wicked stepmother. A. even if B. only if C. if only D. as if 9. Mrs. Sue looked __________ she was going to explode when the boy cut in line. A. even though B. as though C. in case D. now that 10. For years, those journalists would describe the event in detail __________ they themselves had attended it. A. as though B. in case C. only if D. even though II. 短文改错 Square dancing has been more and more popular with the elderly as their living conditions improve. Most people thought it can help people take regularly exercise and improve their fitness. Besides, it provides people more chances to take activities outdoor. However, some people argue that the music is very noisy, that disturbs the surrounding citizens’ normal life. Also, be exposed to such loud noise may do a harm to their health in the long run. In my opinion, square dancing is a good form of exercise, so dancers should take our neighbors’ needs into consideration. If they choose a right time and turn down the music, it will cause less troubles for others. I .单项填空 1.B 【解析】考查状语从句 句意上：这种药只要你按要求服用肯定有益于你手术后的恢复的。＂ providing…＂可以用来引导条件状语从句表示＂只要……＂，符合题目语境，故 B 项正确。 3.B　【解析】考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意：她说除非生意有改善，否则她将不得不关闭这家商店。 unless 意为＂除非＂，符合语境。 6 4.B　【解析】考查状语从句中连词的选择。句意：她说除非生意有改善，否则她将不得不关闭这家商店。 unless 意为＂除非＂，符合语境。 【名师点睛】条件状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生条件的状语从句。引导条件状语从句最经常 用的连词是 if，它的意思是＂如果＂； 也可以用 unless 引导：unless 的意思是＂如果不＂＂除非＂，相当 于 if not。 5.B 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损害。我们最好保持原样，等待警察到 来。as 引导方式状语从句，意为＂按照……的方式＂。leave things as they are 意为＂任其自然＂。 6. D 【解析】此处 as if 引导方式状语从句，且从句应用虚拟语气。主句用的是一般过去时，从句表示对过 去情况的虚拟，故从句谓语形式为 had done。所以选 D。 7. A 【解析】句意：——你还记得许多年以前我们一起做的那次实验吗？——记得，就好像是我们昨天做 的一样。此处要用 as if 引导方式状语从句，as if 表示＂好像＂。even if 引导让步状语从句，意为＂即 使＂；only if＂只有＂；if only＂要是……就好了＂。 8. D 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：女儿生气地瞪着我，好像我是她邪恶的后妈一样。空处表示＂似乎， 好像＂，引导方式状语从句。根据句意可知选 D。 10. A 【解析】考查 as though 引导的方式状语从句。句意：多少年来，那些记者们总是可以详细地描述那 起事件，就好像他们亲自参与了一样。根据句意可知，此处应用 as though 引导方式状语从句。 II. 短文改错 【答案】 Square dancing has been more and more popular with the elderly as their living conditions improve. Most people it can help people take exercise and improve their fitness. Besides, it provides people ∧with more chances to take activities . However, some people argue that the music is very noisy, disturbs the surrounding citizens’ normal life. Also, exposed to such loud noise may do a harm to their health in the long run. 7 In my opinion, square dancing is a good form of exercise, dancers should take neighbors’ needs into consideration. If they choose a right time and turn down the music, it will cause less for others. 【解析】 第一处：thought→think。本文的基本时态是一般现在时，且此处陈述客观情况，应用一般现在时。 第二处：regularly→regular。许多人认为广场舞能帮助人们经常锻炼。修饰名词应用形容词。regular"频繁的， 经常的"。 第三处：people 后加 with。 provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth.，是固定搭配，意为"提供某物给某人， 给某人提供某物"。 第四处：outdoor→outdoors。 广场舞能给人们提供更多参加户外活动的机会。outdoor 是形容词，意为"户外 的"；outdoors 是副词，意为"在户外"。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词 outdoors 在句中作状语。 第五处：that→which。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代上文中 的"the music is very noisy"，故应用 which。注意：that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。 第六处：be→being。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动名词短语作主语。故把 be 改为 being。&网 第九处：our→their。此处指代的是广场舞者，故应用 their。下文中的"they"亦是提示。 第十处：troubles→trouble。trouble 表示"麻烦，问题，困难"时是不可数名词，故将 troubles 改为 trouble。