2019届二轮复习阅读理解推理判断类型解题指导课件（258张）

2019届二轮复习阅读理解推理判断类型解题指导课件（258张）

2019 届二轮复习 推理判断 类型解题指导 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 1 (2017 全国 Ⅰ ,A) Pacific Science Center Guide ◆ Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit.The store is located( 位于 ) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome. ◆ Hungry ? Our exhibits will feed your mind,but what about your body?Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options,in addition to seasonal specials.The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 ◆ Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit.The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3.Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance.ID required . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 ◆ Support Pacific Science Center Since 1962,Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion( 热情 ) for discovery and lifelong learning in science,math and technology.Today,Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State.It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals,corporations,and other social organizations.Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center. 【语篇解读】 本文是太平洋科学中心的旅游指南。介绍了其商店、咖啡馆、租赁信息以及人们如何对其提供支持和捐助。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center? A.In Building 1. 　　　　　 B.In Building 3. C.At the Laser Dome. D.At the Denny Way entrance. 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题。从文章第一段的 “The store is located upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.” 可知 , 在太平洋科学中心 , 人们可以到位于三楼的商店去购买纪念品 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .What does Pacific Science Center do for schools? A.Train science teachers. B.Distribute science books. C.Inspire scientific research. D.Take science to the classroom. 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。从文章最后一段的 “...and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State.” 可知 ,D 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . What is the purpose of the last part of the text ? A.To encourage donations. B.To advertise coming events. C.To introduce special exhibits. D.To tell about the Center’s history. 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。从文章最后两句可知 , 本文旨在呼吁个人、公司和其他社会组织对太平洋科学中心进行慷慨捐助 , 提供支持。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 2 (2017 全国 Ⅱ ,D) When a leafy plant is under attack,it doesn’t sit quietly.Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short. Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked.It’s a plant’s way of crying out.But is anyone listening?Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbors react. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty.They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive, the tables are turned .The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.  In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors.The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors,relatively speaking,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Does this mean that plants talk to each other?Scientists don’t know.Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches,and so,in effect,was talking to itself.Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry.So information was exchanged,but it wasn’t a true,intentional back and forth. Charles Darwin,over 150 years ago,imagined a world far busier,noisier and more intimate( 亲密的 ) than the world we can see and hear.Our senses are weak.There’s a whole lot going on. 【语篇解读】 当受到攻击的时候 , 人们往往都会还击。动植物也一样。研究表明 , 当植物受到害虫的攻击时 , 它们会释放出一种化学物质来袭击害虫。甚至还会发出某种香味来吸引这些害虫的天敌 , 以此来保护自己。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .What does a plant do when it is under attack? A.It makes noises. B.It gets help from other plants. C.It stands quietly. D.It sends out certain chemicals. 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的 “...send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant...” 可知 , 当植物受到袭击时 , 它们会释放出某种化学物质。因此 D 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3? A.The attackers get attacked. B.The insects gather under the table. C.The plants get ready to fight back. D.The perfumes attract natural enemies. 【答案】 A 【解析】 词义猜测题。前文说 , 有些植物释放出一些难闻的化学物质赶走害虫 , 而另一些植物会释放出一些香味吸引这些害虫的天敌。一旦这些天敌到达 , 这些害虫就会受到攻击 , 因此 the tables are turned 的意思是 “ 攻击者受到攻击 ”, 故 A 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . Scientists find from their studies that plants can 　　　 .  A.predict natural disasters B.protect themselves against insects C.talk to one another intentionally D.help their neighbors when necessary 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段可知 , 研究表明 , 植物们能保护自己不受害虫的侵袭 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . What can we infer from the last paragraph ? A.The world is changing faster than ever. B.People have stronger senses than before. C.The world is more complex than it seems. D.People in Darwin’s time were more imaginative. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。文章最后一段说 ,150 多年前 , 达尔文曾经设想一个更加忙碌 , 噪音更大的世界 , 它比我们所看到和听到的联系更加亲密。作者说 , 我们的感觉非常微弱 , 世界非常复杂。因此 C 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 3 (2017 全国 Ⅲ ,B) Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater,employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups.It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year history.This time,however,the cleanup was a little different.As one group of workers carried out the rubbish,another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building’s end . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater.Though the movie is 30 years old,most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building.Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate.The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down. Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete.He added that the theater’s location( 位置 ) was also a reason.“This used to be the center of town,” he said.“Now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.” 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place.However,these plans were abandoned because of financial problems.Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm,which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located. The theater audience said good-bye as Bradford locked the doors for the last time.After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shown its last movie.The theater will be missed. 【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。经营 75 年之久的老剧院在放映完最后一场电影后关门停业 , 不久将被拆除 , 原地建造一座购物中心。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special? A.It made room for new equipment. B.It signaled the closedown of the theater. C.It was done with the help of the audience. D.It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater. 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题。从第一段中的 “This time,however,the cleanup was a little different.” 和 “in preparation for the buildings end” 可知 , 昨天广场剧院散场后的清扫工作之所以特殊 , 是因为 The Last Picture Show 这部经典影片放映结束后老剧院就要关门了。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .Why was The Last Picture Show put on? A.It was an all-time classic. B.It was about the history of the town. C.The audience requested it. D.The theater owner found it suitable. 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。从第二段第三、四句 “Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate.The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.” 可知 , 剧院主人之所以选择 The Last Picture Show 这部老电影 , 是因为他感觉剧院的现状与这部电影的背景相契合。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . What will probably happen to the building ? A.It will be repaired. B.It will be turned into a museum. C.It will be knocked down. D.It will be sold to the city government. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。从文章倒数第二段最后一句可推知 , 剧院应该是会被推倒改建制的。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . What can we infer about the audience ? A.They are disappointed with Bradford. B.They are sad to part with the old theater. C.They are supportive of the city officials. D.They are eager to have a shopping center. 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。从第二段第二句 “Though the movie is 30 years old,most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building.” 可推知 , 观众对老剧院依依不舍。 teary-eyed“ 热泪盈眶的 ” 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 4 (2016 全国 Ⅱ ,D) A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life. Frank Hurley’s pictures would be outstanding-undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism -if they had been made last week.In fact,they were shot from 1914 through 1916,most of them after a disastrous shipwreck( 海难 ),by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest,under freezing water,in the damaged wooden ship. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 The ship was the Endurance ,a small,tight,Norwegian-built three-master that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists,27 men in all,to the southernmost shore of Antarctica’s Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled( 雪橇 ) across the continent.The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and well-researched story The Endurance ,adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort.Scott’s last journey,completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger,caught the world’s imagination,and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908,started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley,a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the images,most of which have never before been published. 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。一组拍摄于 1914 年至 1916 年间的照片生动再现了当年探险家沙克尔顿失败的南极之旅。沙克尔顿立志超越此前已经成功抵达南极的斯科特 , 但却以失败告终。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley? A.They were made last week. B.They showed undersea sceneries. C.They were found by a cameraman. D.They recorded a disastrous adventure. 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句 “In fact,they were shot from 1914 through 1916,most of them after a disastrous shipwreck( 海难 )...” 可知多数照片是他们遇上海难后所拍摄的。故 D 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .Who reached the South Pole first according to the text? A.Frank Hurley. B.Ernest Shackleton. C.Robert Falcon Scott. D.Caroline Alexander. 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句 “Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912...” 可知最先到达南极的是 Robert Falcon Scott 。故选 C 项 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage ? A.Artistic creation. B.Scientific research. C.Money making. D.Treasure hunting. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句中的 “...thoroughly commercial effort...” 以及倒数第二句 “...to make money from movie and still photography.” 可知 ,1914 年的南极之行是纯粹的商业行为 , 在探险之行之前沙克尔顿已经成立了公司并想从电影及摄像中谋利 , 而澳大利亚籍摄影师则是受雇于他专门进行拍摄。由此可以得知 , 其目的是为了挣钱 , 故选择 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 5 (2016 全国 Ⅰ ,B) Grandparents Answer a Call As a third-generation native of Brownsville,Texas,Mildred Garza never planned to move away.Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children,she politely refused.Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms.Garza finally say yes.That was four years ago.Today all three generations regard the move as a success,giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.Even President Obama’s mother-in-law,Marian Robinson,has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study by grandparents.com,83 percent of the people said Mrs.Robinson’s decision will influence grandparents in the American family.Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 “In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,”says Christine Crosby,publisher of Grand ,a magazine for grandparents.“We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them,especially when you’re raising children.” Moving is not for everyone.Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices,but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.Having your grandchildren far away is hard,especially knowing your adult child is struggling,but giving up the life you know may be harder. 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。文章介绍了美国的一种社会现象 : 一些老人搬到子女身边 , 与成年子女以及孙子孙女们一起生活。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .Why was Garza’s move a success? A.It strengthened her family ties. B.It improved her living conditions. C.It enabled her to make more friends. D.It helped her know more new places. 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的 “...giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.” 可知 ,Garza 的搬家行动是成功的 , 因为家人之间的关系更加亲密 , 关系得到加强。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 . What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.Robinson’s decision ? A.17% expressed their support for it. B.Few people responded sympathetically. C.83% believed it had a bad influence. D.The majority thought it was a trend. 【答案】 D 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句内容可推断出 , 大多数人认为老人搬到成年的子女身边和子女共同生活是一种社会发展趋势 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s ? A.They were unsure of themselves. B.They were eager to raise more children. C.They wanted to live away from their parents. D.They had little respect for their grandparents. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推断出 ,20 世纪 60 年代的人们不希望与父母生活在一起。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph ? A.Make decisions in the best interests of their own. B.Ask their children to pay more visits to them. C.Sacrifice for their struggling children. D.Get to know themselves better. 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断出 , 作者建议祖父母们在做决定的时候应该以他们自己的最大利益为出发点。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 6 (2016 全国 Ⅲ ,B) On one of her trips to New York several years ago,Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes,another customer was approaching their table. “Hey,aren’t you from Mississippi?” the elegant,white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger.“I’m from Mississippi too.” Without a second thought,the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up,she also pulled up a chair. “They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,” Welty said.“I didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking.” 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.By the time the group got up to leave,it was pouring outside.Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab.Heading back downtown toward her hotel,her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion( 团聚 ). “My friend said:‘Now we believe your stories,’”Welty added.“And I said:‘Now you know.These are the people that make me write them .’” Sitting on a sofa in her room,Welty,a slim figure in a simple gray dress,looked pleased with this explanation. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 “I don’t make them up,” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“I don’t have to.” Beauticians,bartenders,piano players and people with purple hats,Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends,from walks through the streets of her native Jackson,Miss.,from conversations overheard on a bus.It annoys Welty that,at 78,her left ear has now given out.Sometimes,sitting on a bus or a train,she hears only a fragment( 片段 )of a particularly interesting story. 【语篇解读】 本文为夹叙夹议文。 来自密西西比州的作家尤多拉 · 韦尔蒂在纽约邀请几个当地的朋友吃饭 , 两个同样来自密西西比州的陌生人热情地加入了韦尔蒂朋友们的聚餐。这件事情让她的朋友们相信在过去的 50 年左右的时间里 , 韦尔蒂小说中的人物都不是虚构的 , 而是来自于日常生活中接触的形形色色的人。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe? A.Two strangers joined her. B.Her childhood friends came in. C.A heavy rain ruined the dinner. D.Some people held a party there. 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句中的 “another customer was approaching” 和第三段中的 “When her dinner partner showed up,she also pulled up a chair.” 可知 , 在韦尔蒂与朋友吃饭时 , 有两个陌生人加入了她们。故选 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s 　　　 .  A.readers B.parties C.friends D.stories 【答案】 D 【解析】 词义猜测题。代词通常指代上文刚提到的人或事。根据画线词 them 前面提到的 “Now we believe your stories” 可知 , 本句的意思为 “ 就是这些人们让我写出它们 ( 我的故事 )” 。故选 D 项。 3 . What can we learn about the characters in Welty’s fiction ? A.They live in big cities. B.They are mostly women. C.They come from real life. D.They are pleasure seekers. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。由短文倒数第二段中的 “I don’t make them up( 这些故事不是编的 )” 以及最后一段第一句可知 , 韦尔蒂小说中的人物均来自现实生活中。故选 C 项。 Passage 7 (2016 四川 ,C) In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest,there still remain unusual groups of indigenous( 土著的 ) people.Surprisingly,these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs.And yet,people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony( 殖民地 ) of the French Republic since 1946.In theory,they should live by the French law.However,their remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored or unknown,thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness” in the world. The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the efforts of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin.Gin spent five months in early 2015 exploring the most remote corners of this area,which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest,with half its population of only 250,000 living in its capital,Cayenne. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 “I have a special love for the French Guianese people.I have worked there on and off for almost ten years,” says Gin.“I’ve been able to keep firm friendships with them.Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment.I don’t see it as a lawless land.But rather I see it as an area of freedom.” “I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life,” continues Gin.“I prefer to work in black and white,which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.” His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time.These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for.These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic,which brings with it not only necessary state welfare,but also alcoholism,betrayal and even suicide. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。在法属圭亚那的雨林深处 , 仍有不同寻常的土著居民。理论上 , 他们受法国统治。实际上 , 他们有着自己的社会法律与生活习俗。一位来自巴黎的法国人 Gin 用自己的摄影记录向世人展示了这个他深深喜爱的地方。然而现代生活方式的引进 , 有利也有弊 , 现在 , 圭亚那人不得不权衡它们之间的利与弊。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana? A.They seldom follow the French law. B.They often ignore the Guianese law. C.They are separated from the modern world. D.They are both Guianese and French citizens. 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第二句和第五句可知 , 作者之所以吃惊 , 是因为这些人在很大程度上靠自己的法律和社会风俗生活 , 经常忽视甚至不知道法国的法律 , 故选 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .Gin introduces the special world of the indigenous Guianese as 　　　 .  A.a tour guide B.a geographer C.a film director D.a photographer 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的 “I wanted to show the audience a photographic record...” 可知 ,Gin 想给观众展示一个摄影记录。由此可以判断 , 他是以摄影师的身份向世人介绍土著圭亚那人。故选 D 项 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . What is Gin’s attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese ? A.Cautious. B.Doubtful. C.Uninterested. D.Appreciative. 【答案】 D 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的 “I have a special love for the French Guianese people.” 可知 , 作者对圭亚那人有着特殊的喜爱之情 , 故选 D 项 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 .What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A.The modern French lifestyle. B.The self-supporting hunting. C.The uncivilized world. D.The French Republic. 【答案】 A 【解析】 指代关系题。根据上文可知 , 现在 , 圭亚那人不得不在传统生活方式和法国现代生活方式之间做出平衡 , 下文介绍了法国现代生活方式带来的利与弊 , 由此可知 ,it 指代法国现代生活方式。故选 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 8 (2016 浙江 ,A) “Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday?”Lindsey whispers to Tori. With her eyes shining,Tori brags,“You bet I did.Sean told me two days ago.” Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about?It just happens to be yours truly,Adam Freedman.I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true.Still,Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School,including me.Many of our conversations are gossip( 闲话 ).I have noticed three effects of gossip:it can hurt people,it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction,and it can cause social pressures in a group. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.Usually,gossip spreads information about a topic-breakups,trouble at home,even dropping out-that a person would rather keep secret.The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is,the juicier the gossip it makes.Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.People often think of gossipers as harmless,but cruel lies can cause pain. If we know that gossip can be harmful,then why do so many of us do it?The answer lies in another effect of gossip:the satisfaction it gives us.Sharing the latest rumor( 传言 ) can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t.Similarly,hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.”In other words,gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority( 优越感 ). 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Gossip also can have a third effect:it strengthens unwritten,unspoken rules about how people should act.Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group.Translated into high school terms,this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said,then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook. The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news,think about why you want to gossip and what effects your“juicy story” might have . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。文章首先通过一则实例 , 引出本文说明的话题 “ 闲话 ”, 然后从三个方面具体说明了闲话的三个效用 : 给被传言人造成伤害 ; 给制造谣传的人带来某种满足 ; 给某个团体中的人带来某些社会压力。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 . The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to 　　　 .  A.introduce a topic B.present an argument C.describe the characters D.clarify his writing purpose 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。该题考查文章的写作技巧。作者开篇引用一则对话作为一个实例 , 用来引出 “ 闲话 ” 这一话题。第三段第五句 “Many of our conversations are gossip( 闲话 ).”, 其中 conversations 为关键词 , 因为作者引用的就是一个 conversation 。因此选择 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .An important negative effect of gossip is that it 　　　 .  A.breaks up relationships B.embarrasses the listener C.spreads information around D.causes unpleasant experiences 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。第四段第一句 “An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.” 中 hurt 一词和 D 项的 “causes unpleasant experiences( 造成不愉快的体验 )” 为同义替换。 A 项内容在文中没有提及 ;B 项错在宾语 the listener;C 项不属于 negative effect( 负面效果 ) 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 .In the author’s opinion,many people like to gossip because it 　　　 .  A.gives them a feeling of pleasure B.helps them to make more friends C.makes them better at telling stories D.enables them to meet important people 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。第五段第二句 “The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us.” 中 satisfaction 和 A 项中 :a feeling of pleasure 为同义替换。 B 、 C 、 D 三项都是毫无根据的说法。 4 . Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can 　　　 .  A.provide students with written rules B.help people watch their own behaviors C.force schools to improve student handbooks D.attract the police’s attention to group behaviors 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。题源句在文章第六段。解决该题的关键是正确理解 Professor David Wilson 的观点 “...that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group” 。 police 在此处的意思是 “ 监督 ”, 和 B 项中的 watch 有语义上的联系。另外根据该段后半部分的解释可以知道 : 所谣传别人的事情 , 也正是自己力求避免的东西。因此可以推断出团体中的人自觉地根据自己的观察来自律自己的行为。 A 项错在 written 一词 ;C 项说法没有依据 ;D 项中 police 一词属于对 policing 的曲解。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 5 . What advice does the author give in the passage ? A.Never become a gossiper. B.Stay away from gossipers. C.Don’t let gossip turn into lies. D.Think twice before you gossip. 【答案】 D 【解析】 推理判断题。在文章最后一段中 , 作者首先说明了 “ 闲话的作用因情势不同而有所变化 (vary)”, 同时用 “The next time...” 给出具体建议 “ 一定要考虑清楚你为什么说闲话以及你的闲话可能造成的影响 ” 。原文中 think about 和 D 项中的 think twice 为同义替换 , 是告诉人们在说闲话前要三思而后行。 Passage 9 (2015 全国 Ⅰ ,C) Salvador Dali (1904—1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists.The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings,sculptures,drawings and more.Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces,most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938,works on paper,objects,and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities. The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning,the world of birth.The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities( 无限 ).“From the infinity small to the infinity large,contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus:amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,”explains the Pompidou Centre. The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration( 合作 ) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid,Spain,and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg,Florida. 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。萨尔瓦多 · 达利是著名的西班牙画家 , 因其超现实主义作品而闻名。文章介绍了 “ 达利的世界 ” 作品展的一些情况 , 包括展出的作品、展品的摆放以及展览的目的等。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 . Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1 ? A.Optimistic. B.Productive. C.Generous. D.Traditional. 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段可知 , 艺术家萨尔瓦多 · 达利的 200 多幅油画、雕塑和绘画作品等将在巴黎的 The Pompidou Centre 展出。由此可判断这个艺术家的创作颇丰。 optimistic“ 乐观的 ”;productive“ 多产的 ”;generous“ 慷慨的 ”;traditional“ 传统的 ” 。故选 B 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be? A.One of his masterworks. B.A successful screen adaptation. C.An artistic creation for the stage. D.One of the best TV programmes. 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces,most importantly The Persistence of Memory .” 可知 , 人们参观这个展览时 , 可看到达利一些最好的作品 , 其中最重要的作品就是《记忆的永恒》。故选 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 .How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali? A.By popularity. B.By importance. C.By size and shape. D.By time and subject. 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句内容可知 ,“ 达利的世界 ” 中的展品是以时间和主题为顺序排列起来的。 4 .What does the word“contributions”in the last paragraph refer to? A.Artworks. B.Projects. C.Donations . D.Documents. 【答案】 A 【解析】 词义猜测题。根据最后一段可知 , 多家博物馆通力合作 , 共同精选展出作品。文中提到像西班牙马德里的博物馆和圣彼德斯堡的博物馆这样的机构也提供萨尔瓦多 · 达利的作品参加展览。由此推测 ,contributions 在此处指的是一些艺术作品。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 10 (2015 全国 Ⅰ ,D) Conflict is on the menu tonight at the cafe La Chope.This evening,as on every Thursday night,psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France’s favorite pastimes,coffee drinking and the “talking cure”.Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.It isn’t always easy.The customers—some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2(plus drinks) per session—are quick to intellectualize( 高谈阔论 ),slow to open up and connect.“You are forbidden to say‘one feels,’or‘people think’,”Lehanne told them.“Say‘I think,’‘Think me’.” 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 A cafe society where no intellectualizing is allowed?It couldn’t seem more un-French.But Lehanne’s psychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself:It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes.Over the years,Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours,a fast-food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home.Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.Cafes focused around psychology,history,and engineering are catching on,filling tables well into the evening. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 The city’s “psychology cafes”,which offer great comfort,are among the most popular places.Middle-aged homemakers,retirees,and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love,anger,and dreams with a psychologist.And they come to Lehanne’s group just to learn to say what they feel.“There’s a strong need in Paris for communication,”says Maurice Frisch,a cafe La Chope regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church.“People have few real friends.And they need to open up.”Lehanne says she’d like to see psychology cafes all over France.“If people had normal lives,these cafes wouldn’t exist,”she says.“If life weren’t a battle,people wouldn’t need a special place just to speak.”But then,it wouldn’t be France . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。文章是一篇关于人与社会问题的报道类文章。由于法国人生活方式的改变 , 来咖啡馆的人越来越少了。为了拯救咖啡馆的生意 , 各类主题咖啡馆开始流行 , 心理咖啡馆尤其受到人们的追捧。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope? A.Learn a new subject. B.Keep in touch with friends. C.Show off their knowledge. D.Express their true feelings. 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句 “Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.” 可知 , 这家咖啡馆鼓励人们表达自己的真实情感。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 . How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes ? A.They are less frequently visited. B.They stay open for longer hours. C.They have bigger night crowds. D.They start to serve fast food. 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段可知 , 多年来 , 咖啡馆受到人们生活方式变化的影响。由文中的 “longer working hours,a fast-food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home” 可推知法国生活的变化让巴黎的咖啡馆生意深受其害 , 人们 ( 现在 ) 不经常去咖啡馆了。 3 . What are theme cafes expected to do ? A.Create more jobs. B.Supply better drinks. C.Save the cafe business. D.Serve the neighborhood. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句内容可推断 , 主题咖啡馆希望能够挽救不景气的咖啡生意。 4 . Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris ? A.They bring people true friendship. B.They give people spiritual support. C.They help people realize their dreams. D.They offer a platform for business links. 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知 ,“ 心理咖啡馆 ” 之所以变得受欢迎是因为人们在这里能够得到心灵的安慰和支持。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 11 (2015 福建 ,D) Life can be so wonderful,full of adventure and joy.It can also be full of challenges,setbacks( 挫折 ) and heartbreaks.Whatever our circumstances,we generally still have dreams,hopes and desires—that little something more we want for ourselves and our loved ones.Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem,because when we go to change the way we do things,up come the old patterns and pitfalls( 陷阱 ) that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 This tension between what we feel we can have and what we’re seemingly able to have is the niggling( 烦人的 ) suffering,the anxiety we feel.This is where we usually think it’s easier to just give up.But we’re never meant to let go of the part of us that knows we can have more.The intelligence behind that knowing is us—the real us.It’s the part that believes in life and its possibilities.If you drop that,you begin to feel a little “dead” inside because you’re dropping “you”. So,if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck,how do we break these patterns? Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time.This is good advice for a new adventure or just getting through today’s challenges. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 While,deep down,we know we can do it,our mind—or the minds of those close to us—usually says we can’t.That isn’t a reason to stop,it’s just the mind,that little man or woman on your shoulder,trying to talk you out of something again.It has done it many times before.It’s all about starting simple and doing it now. Decide and act before overthinking.When you do this you may feel a little,or large, release from the jail of your mind and you’ll be on your way.  【语篇解读】 本文为议论文。作者认为人生充满挑战和挫折 , 但是无论如何 , 我们都要拥有自己的梦想并设法去实现它。很多时候我们不能实现梦想是因为我们的犹豫和惯性思维 , 因此我们需要做出决定并立刻采取行动。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 . It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should 　　　 .  A.slow down and live a simple life B.be careful when we choose to change C.stick to our dreams under any circumstances D.be content with what we already have 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。根据前两段内容可知 , 作者认为 , 人生充满了挑战、挫折和伤心 , 但是无论在什么样的条件下 , 我们都不能放弃梦想 , 否则 , 我们就 “ 迷失 ” 了自己 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .What is the key to breaking the old patterns? A.To focus on every detail. B.To decide and take immediate action. C.To listen to those close to us. D.To think twice before we act. 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题。文章最后一段中的 “Decide and act before overthinking.” 告诉我们打破旧方式的关键是做出决定并立刻采取行动。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 .Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph? A.Escape from your punishment. B.Realization of your dreams. C.Freedom from your tension. D.Reduction of your expectations. 【答案】 C 【解析】 句意猜测题。结合画线部分所在句的语境可知 , 当你能做到这一点时 , 你可能就不会感到太紧张。 tension 这一关键词在文章第二段的开头出现 , 是很好的暗示。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . What does the author intend to tell us ? A.It’s easier than we think to get what we want. B.It’s important to learn to accept sufferings in life. C.It’s impractical to change our way of thinking. D.It’s harder than we expect to follow a new course. 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。文章开头部分讲到生活中有很多人遇到挫折后往往会放弃他们所追求的东西 , 但作者鼓励我们不要放弃 , 通过一些简单的做法就可以改变这一消极想法。因此可以看出追求梦想并非我们想象的那么困难。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 12 (2015 安徽 ,C) As Internet users become more dependent on the Internet to store information,are people remembering less?If you know your computer will save information,why store it in your own personal memory,your brain?Experts are wondering if the Internet is changing what we remember and how. In a recent study,Professor Betsy Sparrow conducted some experiments.She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory.In the first experiment,they gave people 40 unimportant facts to type into a computer.The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information.The second group understood that the computer would not save it.Later,the second group remembered the information better.People in the first group knew they could find the information again,so they did not try to remember it. In another experiment,the researchers gave people facts to remember,and told them where to find the information on the computer.The information was in a specific computer folder( 文件夹 ).Surprisingly,people later remembered the folder location( 位置 ) better than the facts.When people use the Internet,they do not remember the information.Rather,they remember how to find it.This is called“transactive memory( 交互记忆 ).” According to Sparrow,we are not becoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet.Instead,computer users are developing stronger transactive memories;that is,people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.This doesn’t mean we are becoming either more or less intelligent,but there is no doubt that the way we use memory is changing. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【语篇解读】 本篇为议论文。文章主要讲述了互联网给人类的记忆带来的影响。越来越多的人依靠互联网来储存信息 , 这样是否会使人们丧失记忆事物的能力 ? 专家们怀疑互联网可能正在改变人们的记忆方式和记忆内容。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 . The passage begins with two questions to 　　　 .  A.introduce the main topic B.show the author’s attitude C.describe how to use the Internet D.explain how to store information 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。议论文常以设问的形式提出论点 , 然后逐步论证。本文通过 “are people remembering less” 以及 “why store it in your own personal memory,your brain” 这样的问题来导入下文两个实验要论证的主题。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .What can we learn about the first experiment? A.The Sparrow’s team typed the information into a computer. B.The two groups remembered the information equally well. C.The first group did not try to remember the information. D.The second group did not understand the information. 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。由第二段的最后一句可知 , 由于第一组受测人知道电脑会储存而且信息可以再次找到 , 他们就没有试图记忆这些信息 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 .In transactive memory,people 　　　 .  A.keep the information in mind B.change the quantity of information C.organize information like a computer D.remember how to find the information 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。第三段用实例解释了 “ 交互记忆 ” 这个概念。从本段内容可知 , 另一实验的受测人没有记忆信息本身 , 而是记住了信息存储的位置。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . What is the effect of the Internet according to Sparrow’s research ? A.We are using memory differently. B.We are becoming more intelligent. C.We have poorer memories than before. D.We need a better way to access information. 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。从文中可知 , 由于人们现在知道因特网是可以存储信息的 , 故现在的人们不像过去那样记忆信息本身 , 而是记忆存储信息的位置。即现在人们在记忆的使用方面是不同的。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 13 (2015 四川 ,A ) 【语篇解读】 本文为应用文。文章是一个自称为 “ 蜜蜂之家 ” 的家庭 , 为女儿的两周岁生日聚会发出的邀请函。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 . The card above is 　　　 .  A.a ticket B.a postcard C.an invitation D.an advertisement 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。从 “We’re throwing a party” 以及 “Come bug out with us” 可知 , 本文是邀请别人参加聚会的邀请函 , 故选 C 项。 2 .The party is for 　　　 .  A.a birthday B.the Queen C.bee watching D.the National Day 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。根据卡片中的 “We’re throwing a party because ALICE IS TURNING 2!” 可知 ,Alice 满 2 岁了 , 该聚会是生日聚会。故选 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 .According to the card,if you are unable to go,you can 　　　 .  A.return the card B.visit the Museum C.ignore the message D.contact Alice’s mother 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。从开头的 “The bees have been busy.” 和最后的 “Regrets to the Queen Bee at 601-555-4111” 可知 , 这个家庭自称为 “ 蜜蜂家庭 ”, 所以 Queen Bee 指的就是妈妈 , 即不能参加聚会的请给妈妈打电话。故选 D 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 14 (2015 湖北 ,E) Science has a lot of uses.It can uncover laws of nature,cure diseases,make bombs,and help bridges to stand up.Indeed science is so good at what it does that there’s always a temptation ( 诱惑 ) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful.David Brooks,author of The Social Animal : The Hidden Sources of Love , Character , and Achievement ,appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation. Brooks gained fame for several books.His latest book The Social Animal ,however,is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books.It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics.The book focuses on big questions:What has science revealed about human nature?What are the sources of character?And why are some people happy and successful while others aren’t? 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 To answer these questions,Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines( 学科 ).Considering this,you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts.But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox( 非常规的 ),and perhaps unfortunate,way.Instead of introducing scientific theories,he tells a story,within which he tries to make his points,perhaps in order to keep the reader’s attention.So as Harold and Erica,the hero and heroine in his story,live through childhood,we hear about the science of child development,and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction.Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 On the whole,Brooks’s story is acceptable if uninspired.As one would expect,his writing is mostly clear and,to be fair,some chapters stand out above the rest.I enjoyed,for instance,the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own.While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters,the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere.These problems partly involve Brooks’s attempt to translate his tale into science. 【语篇解读】 本文为一篇书评 , 介绍了美国作家戴维 · 布鲁克斯的一本新书。在布鲁克斯的新书中 , 他从科学的角度 , 用故事的形式讲述了人从出生到老死的整个生命过程中所蕴含的科学理论。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 . The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to 　　　 .  A.illustrate where science can be applied B.demonstrate the value of Brooks’s new book C.remind the reader of the importance of science D.explain why many writers use science in their works 【答案】 D 【解析】 推理判断题。文章第一段说科学有很多用途 , 因此人们总想把科学运用到不需要科学的地方 , 然后介绍了戴维 · 布鲁克斯的新书。从第一段可判断 , 列举科学的功能是为了说明为什么很多作家都喜欢在自己的作品中运用科学理论 , 故选 D 项。 2 . According to the author , which of the following could be a strength of the book ? A.Its strong basis. B.Its convincing points. C.Its clear writing. D.Its memorable characters. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。第三段讲述戴维 · 布鲁克斯的这本书的具体内容 , 然后在第四段说到 “his writing is mostly clear”, 因此选 C 项。 3 . What is the author’s general attitude towards the book ? A.Contradictory. B.Supportive. C.Cautious. D.Critical . 【答案】 D 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句句意 “ 总体说来 , 布鲁克斯的作品若是说它单调缺乏灵感还是可以接受的。 ” 可知 , 作者对他的这部作品并不看好 , 持批评态度。故选 D 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph ? A.Problems with the book. B.Brooks’s life experiences. C.Death of the characters. D.Brooks’s translation skills. 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后两句可知 , 作者认为他的作品中有很严重的问题 , 那么下文就有可能会继续谈论他要指出的这些问题。故选 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 15 (2015 四川 ,C) Across Britain,burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers.But,according to a new study,we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year. Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work.Now,the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours,they would earn as much as ￡ 172,000 a year. The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do,as well as the hours they are working,to determine the figure.This would make their yearly income ￡ 30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 By analysing the numbers,it found the average mother works 119 hours a week,40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate and 79 hours as overtime.After questioning 1,000 mothers with children under 18,it found that,on most days,mums started their routine work at 7 am and finished at around 11 pm. To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour,it suggested some of the roles that mums could take on,including housekeeper,part-time lawyer,personal trainer and entertainer.Being a part-time lawyer,at ￡ 48.98 an hour,would prove to be the most profitable of the “mum jobs”,with psychologist( 心理学家 ) a close second . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 It also asked mothers about the challenges they face,with 80 per cent making emotional( 情感的 ) demand as the hardest thing about motherhood. Over a third of mums felt they needed more training and around half said they missed going out with friends. The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother’s Day.The emotional,physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending,but children are also sources of great joy and happiness.Investing( 投入 ) in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent. 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。母亲节早上 , 年长的儿女把烤面包片和花束送到妈妈床前。这一现象引发了对于妈妈对家庭巨大贡献的调查和分析 , 调查结果提醒孩子们应该每天都善待妈妈。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister? A. ￡ 30,000. B. ￡ 142,000. C. ￡ 172,000. D. ￡ 202,000. 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题。由第二段中的 “...they would earn as much as ￡ 172,000 a year.” 和第三段中的 “This would make their yearly income ￡ 30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns.” 可以推断出首相的年薪为 ￡ 172,000 减去 ￡ 30,000, 故 B 项正确 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .The biggest challenge for most mothers is from 　　　 .  A.emotional demand B.low pay for work C.heavy workload D.lack of training 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。由第六段中的 “...with 80 per cent making emotional( 情感的 ) demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.” 可知 , 对大多数母亲来说 , 最大的挑战来自于情感需求 , 故 A 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 .What is stressed in the last paragraph? A.Mothers’ importance shows in family all year long. B.The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile. C.Mothers’ devotion to children can hardly be calculated. D.Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return. 【答案】 B 【解析】 主旨大意题。由最后一段中的 “...but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. Investing( 投入 )in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.” 可知 , 母亲对孩子们的付出是永无止境的 , 孩子们就是母亲快乐的源泉。投入时间与精力抚养孩子是值得的。故 B 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . What can we conclude from the study ? A.Mothers’ working hours should be largely reduced. B.Mothers should balance their time for work and rest. C.Mothers’ labour is of a higher value than it is realised. D.Mothers should be freed from housework for social life. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。由第一段中的 “But,according to a new study,we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.” 可知 , 妈妈们工作时间过长 , 为家庭做的是无偿奉献 , 并且妈妈在孩子的培养上的作用是无可替代的 , 故 C 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 16 (2015 重庆 ,B) In ancient Egypt,a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment.Modern businesses have been following his lead,with more tactics( 策略 ). One tactic involves where to display the goods.For example,stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section.They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food( 垃圾食品 ) later in their trip.In department stores,the women’s shoe section is generally next to the women’s cosmetics( 化妆品 ) section:while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe,bored customers are likely to wander over and find some cosmetics they might want to try later. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Besides,businesses seek to appeal to customers’ senses.Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping,so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day.Music sells goods,too.Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played,sales of French wines went up. When it comes to the selling of houses,businesses also use highly rewarding tactics.They find that customers make decisions in the first few seconds upon walking in the door,and turn it into a business opportunity.A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly.When entering the house,the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows,and then the pool through an open stairway leading to the lower level.The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。介绍了现代商业的三种营销策略 : 一是注意货物摆放的位置 ; 二是注重刺激顾客不同的感官 ; 三是给顾客留下美好的第一印象。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section? A.To save customers time. B.To show they are high quality foods. C.To help sell junk food. D.To sell them at discount prices. 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的第二、三句可知 , 商家知道那些购买新鲜蔬菜、水果的人会感到高兴 , 随后会买更多的垃圾食品 , 因此商家这样摆放的目的是想销售更多的垃圾食品。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .According to Paragraph 3,which of the following encourages customers to buy? A.Opening the store early in the morning. B.Displaying British wines next to French ones. C.Inviting customers to play music. D.Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread. 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段可知 , 烘焙食物的气味能激发人们的购买欲望 , 因此商家在早上把食物烘焙好 , 让气味在商场飘荡 , 以促使人们更多地消费 , 故选 D 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . What is the California builder’s story intended to prove ? A.The house structure is a key factor customers consider. B.The more costly the house is,the better it sells. C.An ocean view is much to the customers’ taste. D.A good first impression increases sales. 【答案】 D 【解析】 推理判断题。由最后一段第二句可知 , 顾客买房的决定在刚进门的几秒钟之内就做好了 , 建筑师巧妙设计刚进门的布局就是要给顾客留下良好的第一印象 , 提高楼房销售量 , 故 D 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 .What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To explain how businesses turn people into their customers. B.To introduce how businesses have grown from the past. C.To report researches on customer behavior. D.To show dishonest business practices. 【答案】 A 【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知 , 本文从三个方面介绍了现代营销策略。 B 项 “ 介绍商业是如何从过去发展而来的 ”;C 项 “ 对顾客行为的研究进行报道 ”;D 项 “ 展示不诚信的商业行为 ”, 均不符合主旨。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 17 (2014 福建 ,E) As has been all too apparent in recent days at Balcombe,few issues cause greater concern than energy policy.Many village communities feel their countryside is being ruined by the power-producing machines of wind farms;yet they never take “direct action”,even though the planning laws put them at a severe disadvantage.And the generous subsidies( 财政补贴 ),which encourage the expansion of wind power,are not favorable to the village communities and set landowners in conflict with other residents( 居民 ). 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Those who disagree with the rapid expansion of wind farms state that the damage they cause is out of proportion( 比例 ) to the benefits they bring,because their energy output cannot match that of the carbon-based power stations they are supposed to replace.Supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewables,nuclear and carbon,and that the country is committed to meeting EU(European Union)targets for non-carbon energy generation. Against this background,the fact that there is an argument within the Government over whether to publish an official report on wind farms’ impact on the countryside becomes even more extraordinary.The two parties in the coalition( 联合 ) government are in disagreement over what it should say. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 We have some advice for the two parties:publish the report,and let the country be the judge.Even if it contains evidence that wind farms are harmful,it will hardly be a pleasant surprise to people who do not like them.Equally,supporters must argue their case by acknowledging the concerns and explaining why they are either misplaced or worthy of much attention. The suggestion that further negotiations are to take place to produce an “acceptable”report suggests that the politics of coalition government are doing the country harm in a certain way.Given the sensitivities involved,all the information should be available so that people can reach their own conclusions,rather than being left with the suspicion( 猜疑 ) that facts are being replaced by political beliefs . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。在英国的鲍尔科姆 , 人们对于风力发电项目的发展有了支持和反对两种不同意见。作者在文章里阐述了双方的观点 , 并提出了自己的意见 : 把这个问题报道出来 , 让全国人民对此进行讨论并做出决定。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 . We can learn from the first paragraph that 　　　 .  A.energy policy catches much attention of the public B.the residents are in favor of the expansion of wind farms C.many village communities are satisfied with the subsidies D.the planning laws offer great benefits to the residents 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句在 Balcombe, 近几天很明显的一个问题就是能源政策引起了人们极大的关注可知 A 项正确。根据第一段第二句可知 B 项错误 ; 根据第一段最后一句可知 C 、 D 项错误。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .Supporters think that the expansion of wind power 　　　 .  A.is more rapid than that of carbon-based power B.guarantees an increase in energy output C.is expected to be much better than that of nuclear power D.agrees with EU targets for non-carbon energy generation 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 “ 支持者们坚持认为风力是可再生能源、核能和碳的混合体的一部分 , 并且说国家一直承诺实现欧盟要求的非碳能源发电的目标 ” 可知 D 项正确 , 即 : 支持者们认为风力发电的扩大与欧盟实现非碳能源发电的目标是一致的。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . It can be inferred from the passage that 　　　 .  A.an official report will settle the energy problem B.the two parties are divided over the issue of wind farms C.the two parties have agreed on a further negotiation D.political beliefs concerning energy issue go against facts 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可知在此问题上两个政党存在不同观点 , 故 B 项正确。从第三段可知 A 项错误 ;C 项未提及 ; 根据最后一段最后一句可知 D 项错误。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . Which of the following reflects the author’s opinion ? A.Increase political impact on energy policy. B.Release a statement of supporters on wind farms. C.Let the nation judge the facts about wind power. D.Leave the two parties to reach their own conclusions. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的 “let the country be the judge” 及最后一段的 “so that people can reach their own conclusions” 可知 , 作者赞同将问题留给国家解决 , 故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 18 (2014 辽宁 ,A) A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops ( 笔记本电脑 ). Students are increasingly using laptops for note-taking because of speed and legibility ( 清晰度 ).But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught. Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased the tendency to make notes “mindlessly” by taking down word for word what the professors said . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 In the first experiment,students were given either a laptop or pen and paper.They listened to the same lectures and were told to use their usual note-taking skills.Thirty minutes after the talk,they were examined on their ability to remember facts and on how well they understood concepts. The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand.However,the typists performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts.Both groups scored similarly when it came to memorizing facts. The researchers’ report said,“While more notes are beneficial,if the notes are taken mindlessly,as is more likely the case on a laptop,the benefit disappears.” 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory,students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture.This time,the students who wrote notes by hand performed significantly better on the exam. These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding,but that they also lead to superior revision in the future. 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。一项最新研究表明 , 那些上课时通过手写做笔记的学生比那些用笔记本电脑做笔记的学生在考试中发挥得更好。两次科学实验的结论是 : 通过手写做笔记的好处不止这些。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .More and more students favor laptops for note-taking because they can 　　　 .  A.write more notes B.digest concepts better C.get higher scores D.understand lectures better 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知 , 越来越多的学生喜欢用笔记本电脑做笔记 , 因为他们能够快速记下更多的笔记。 2 .While taking notes,laptop users tend to be 　　　 .  A.skillful B.mindless C.thoughtful D.tireless 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第六段内容可知答案。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . The author of the passage aims to 　　　 .  A.examine the importance of long-term memory B.stress the benefit of taking notes by hand C.explain the process of taking notes D.promote the use of laptops 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。本文通过实验发现了用笔记本电脑记笔记的不良效果和用手记笔记的优势 , 两者相比突出了用手记笔记的好处。故选 B 项 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . The passage is likely to appear in 　　　 .  A.a newspaper advertisement B.a computer textbook C.a science magazine D.a finance report 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。文章介绍的是一项最新研究的结论 , 是建立在科学实验的基础上的 , 这种文章应该出现在科学杂志上。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 19 (2014 全国 Ⅰ ,C) A typical lion tamer( 驯兽师 ) in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip( 鞭 ) and a chair.The whip gets all of the attention,but it’s mostly for show.In reality,it’s the chair that does the important work.When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face,the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time.With its focus divided,the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next.When faced with so many options,the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair. How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion?How often do you have something you want to achieve(e.g.lose weight,start a business,travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress? 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best,the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things,and so we take less action,make less progress,and stay the same when we could be improving. It doesn’t have to be that way.Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face,remember this:All you need to do is focus on one thing.You just need to get started.Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people.If you have somewhere you want to go,something you want to accomplish,someone you want to become...take immediate action.If you’re clear about where you want to go,the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【语篇解读】 本文为议论文。文章旨在通过驯狮表演的例子向人们阐述人生的道理。当面对拿着椅子的驯兽师时 , 狮子会把注意力同时集中到椅子的四条腿上 , 由于注意力分散了 , 所以狮子感到困惑 , 不知道下一步该怎么办。事实上 , 我们人类也是如此 , 面对诸多选择时会感到手足无措。因此 , 你一定要记住 : 把注意力集中到一件事情上。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .Why does the lion tamer use a chair? A.To trick the lion. B.To show off his skills. C.To get ready for a fight. D.To entertain the audience. 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。由第一段可知 , 驯兽师拿着椅子的目的就是为了让狮子感到不知所措。由此推出答案是 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair? A.They feel puzzled over choices. B.They hold on to the wrong things. C.They find it hard to make changes. D.They have to do something for show. 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。由第二段的最后 “only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress” 可知 , 狮子面对椅子的四条腿时无所适从 , 不知将注意力集中在何处 ; 人在面临诸多选择时也会感到无所适从 , 不知如何选择 , 就这一点而言 , 人与面对椅子的狮子是相似的。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3 ? A.Tolerant. B.Doubtful. C.Respectful. D.Supportive. 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。由第三段第一句可知 , 专家们对最佳选择争论不休 , 而那些想提高生活的人们对这些矛盾的信息困惑不解 , 作者对此感到心烦。由此可知 , 专家的做法无助于问题的解决 , 作者对他们持怀疑态度 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . When the world is “ waving a chair in your face ”, you’re advised to 　　　 .  A.wait for a better chance B.break your old habits C.make a quick decision D.ask for clear guidance 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。由第四段第二、三句可知 , 当你发现这个世界在你的面前挥舞着椅子时 , 你要做的事情就是把注意力集中在一件事情上 , 你需要的就是开始。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 20 (2014 全国 Ⅰ ,B) Passenger pigeons( 旅鸽 ) once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks( 群 ) so large that they darkened the sky for hours. It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point,there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States,making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller,a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles(about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Sadly,the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing .Where the birds were most abundant,people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands.Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain,waited until pigeons had settled to feed,then threw large nets over them,taking hundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants. By the closing decades of the 19th century,the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans’ need for wood,which scattered( 驱散 ) the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north,where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the great flocks were gone,never to be seen again. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 In 1897,the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons,but by then,no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County,Ohio,in 1900.For a time,a few birds survived under human care.The last of them,known affectionately as Martha,died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1,1914. 【语篇解读】 本文为记叙文。本文介绍了美国的旅鸽从数量众多 , 逐渐减少直到灭绝的过程。 1897 年 , 美国密歇根州通过了禁止猎杀旅鸽的法律 , 但为时已晚 , 该法律的出台未能挽救旅鸽灭绝的命运。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .In the 18th and early 19th centuries,passenger pigeons 　　　 .  A.were the biggest bird in the world B.lived mainly in the south of America C.did great harm to the natural environment D.were the largest bird population in the US 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。由第一段的第二句以及第二段可知 , 在 18 世纪以及 19 世纪早期 , 旅鸽是美国数量最多的鸟类。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ 　　　 .  A.escape B.ruin C.liberation D.evolution 【答案】 B 【解析】 词义猜测题。由第三段第一句开头的 “Sadly” 可知 undoing 表示一个 “ 消极的 , 非人们所期望的 ” 意义 , 故排除 C 项和 D 项 ; 再由下一句可知旅鸽遭到人类的捕杀 , 故排除 A 项 , 选择 B 项。 3 .What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons? A.To seek pleasure. B.To save other birds. C.To make money. D.To protect crops. 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。由第三段第三句和第四句可知 , 旅鸽遭到捕杀的主要原因是人们为了挣钱。其他三个选项的内容本文均未提及。 4 . What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan ? A.It was ignored by the public. B.It was declared too late. C.It was unfair. D.It was strict. 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。由最后一段的第一、二句可知 , 虽然密歇根州通过了禁止捕杀旅鸽的法律 , 但那时已经为时已晚。选项 A 、 C 和 D 的内容在文中未提及。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Passage 21 (2013 全国 Ⅰ ,A) Some people will do just about anything to save money.And I am one of them.Take my family’s last vacation.It was my six-year-old son’s winter break from school,and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip.The flight was overbooked,and Delta,the airline,offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I had meetings in New York,so I had to get back.But that didn’t mean my husband and my son couldn’t stay.I took my nine-month-old and took off for home. The next day,my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.Yes,I encouraged—okay,ordered—them to wait it out at the airport to “earn” more Delta Dollars.Our total take:$1,600.Not bad,huh? 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Now some people may think I’m a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a big-time bargain hunter,I know the value of a dollar.And these days,a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up. I’ve made a living looking for the best deals and exposing( 揭露 )the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade : A Consumer Survival Guide .And I really do what I believe in. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth.I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes,clothes for my children,and expensive restaurants.But I wouldn’t hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its shape longer,and it’s the first thing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts. 【语篇解读】 本文为议论文。在经济困难的时期 , 如何更好地理财以应对金融上的危机 , 作者用自己的经历很好地向我们阐述了这一点。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .Why did Delta give the author’s family credits? A.They took a later flight. B.They had early bookings. C.Their flight had been delayed. D.Their flight had been cancelled. 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的 “...the airline,offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.” 及第二段的 “The next day,my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.” 可知 ,Delta 给予他们钱是为了让他们晚一点动身 , 而不是他们的航班延误了 , 故选 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 . What can we learn about the author ? A.She rarely misses a good deal. B.She seldom makes a compromise. C.She is very strict with her children. D.She is interested in cheap products. 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段的 “But as a big-time bargain hunter,I know the value of a dollar.And these days,a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.” 可知作者不会错过这些划算的交易 , 同时排除 B 项 ;C 项信息未提及 ; 根据最后一段的 “But I wouldn’t hesitate to spend on a good haircut...” 可知 D 项错误。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 .What does the author do? A.She’s a teacher. B.She’s a housewife. C.She’s a media person. D.She’s a businesswoman. 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的 “I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s Today show for over a decade.” 可知作者的身份是一个媒体人物 , 故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . What does the author want to tell us ? A.How to expose bad tricks. B.How to reserve airline seats. C.How to spend money wisely. D.How to make a business deal. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。纵观全文 , 尤其是第一段和最后一段。第一段段首句给出 : 作者是省钱一族。最后一段对不同的产品的不同决策 , 指出对于质量高的产品也会毫不犹豫买。说明了作者花钱的明智 , 故写作的目的应是为了告诉我们怎样花钱更明智。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 ( 一 )(2016 全国 Ⅰ 阅读 B 节选 ) No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.Even President Obama’s mother-in-law,Marian Robinson,has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters.According to a study by grandparents.com,83 percent of the people said Mrs.Robinson’s decision will influence grandparents in the American family.Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 26 . What was the reaction of the public to Mrs.Robinson’s decision ? A.17% expressed their support for it. B.Few people responded sympathetically. C.83% believed it had a bad influence. D.The majority thought it was a trend . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【答案】 D 　 此题为推理判断题 , 根据本段中的 “Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.” 可知 , 三分之二的人认为更多的家庭将效仿奥巴马的家庭 , 由此可知它将成为一种趋势 , 即 : 大多数人认为这是一种趋势。 D 项是根据原文做出的合理推断。 A 项指 17% 的人对这一做法表示支持 , 曲解文意 ; 根据本段倒数第二句话可以推断出 ,17% 的人对 Mrs.Robinson 的决定持反对意见或保持中立态度。 A 项表述与原文意思相悖。 B 项几乎没有人的反应是支持的 , 曲解文意 ; 根据本段最后一句话可知 , 三分之二的人将效仿奥巴马的家庭。 B 项表述与原文意思相悖。 C 项指 83% 的人认为这会产生坏的影响 , 属于偷梁换柱 ; 根据本段倒数第二句话可知 ,83% 的人认为 Mrs.Robinson 的决定会影响美国家庭的祖父母 , 但并没有说会产生坏的影响。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 ( 二 )(2016 全国 Ⅲ 阅读 D 节选 ) “The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger,a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania.“They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling.But when you share a story with your friends,you care a lot more how they react.You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.” 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 33 . What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer ? A.They’re socially inactive. B.They’re good at telling stories. C.They’re inconsiderate of others. D.They’re careful with their words. 【答案】 C 　 此题为推断隐含意义。题目问 “ 我们可以推断 , 像 Debbie Downer 这样的人是什么样的人 ?” 由题干中的 Debbie Downer 将答案信息定位在第二、三句。意思是 “ 他们是想吸引你的眼球而不在乎你的感受。但是 , 当你同朋友分享故事时 , 你非常在乎他们的感受 , 你不想他们认为你是一个 Debbie Downer”, 显然 , 像 Debbie Downer 这样的人是不在乎别人感受的人 , 即 “ 是不体谅别人的人 ”, 故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 ( 三 )(2014 陕西阅读 D 节选 ) One afternoon last week,I saw three tearful children from my son’s school being comforted by teachers.That morning,my 11-year-old had stomach pains,retching( 干呕 ) into a bowl.Talking to other mothers later,I heard about other children with stomachache or difficulty sleeping the night before. What caused so much pain?Sports day.Sports day might be necessary at a highly-competitive independent school,but not at a village primary school.For the children who can fly like the wind,sports day causes no problem.For those who are overweight or just not good at sport,it is a nightmare( 噩梦 ).Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents,it can prove a disaster. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Why do we put our children through this annual suffering?Some may say competition is character building;or it’s taking part,not winning,that’s important;or that it is a tradition of school life.I just felt great pity for those children in tears or in pain. Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races,wild enthusiasm,lots of shouting—and were fun to watch.More importantly,the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyone’s eyes.Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winning side. I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less-competitive event.Perhaps an afternoon of team games,with a few races for those who want them,would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 60 .What is the author’s attitude towards sports day? A.Critical. 　　　　　　 B.Neutral. C.Positive. D.Ambiguous . 【答案】 A 　 此题为推断作者态度的题。由文章最后一段首句 “I wish that sports day could be abandoned...( 我希望运动日可以被取消 …… )” 可知 , 作者对运动日持批判态度 , 故选 critical, 意为 “ 批判的 ” 。 neutral “ 中立的 ”;positive“ 肯定的 ”;ambiguous“ 模棱两可的 ” 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 推理判断是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上 , 通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示 , 做出一定的判断和推理 , 从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。高考推理判断题主要考查考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力以及考生的识别能力。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话 , 也可能是某几句话 , 要求考生在遵循原文意义的基础上 , 对文章字面信息进行分析、挖掘、逻辑推理 , 揭示其深层含义。 一、推理判断题的常见设题方式 : 对于阅读理解题 , 高考考纲要求考生根据文章所提供的事实及考生的常识进行合理的推断 , 理解作者所要传达的信息 , 人物的动机、目的及性格特征 , 事件发生的前因后果等。有时需要根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理 , 推测出作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性等。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1. 文章细节推断 细节推断要求考生根据文章内容 , 推断具体的细节 , 如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息 , 或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。考生要把握文章的内在关系 , 理解文章的真正含义 , 然后作出判断。题干中常出现 infer( 推断 ),indicate( 象征 , 暗示 ),imply( 暗示 ),suggest( 暗示 ),conclude( 作出结论 ),assume( 假定 , 设想 ) 等词。主要设题方式有 : It can be inferred from the passage that 　　　 .  The author strongly suggests that 　　　 .  It can be concluded from the passage that 　　　 .  The writer implies but not directly states that 　　　 .  The writer/author indicates/implies/suggests that 　　　 .  The writer talked about...because he thought 　　　 .  试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2. 写作意图推断 写作意图推断要求考生根据文章的论述 , 揣测作者的写作意图和写作手法。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图 , 而是通过文章所提供的事实 , 客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这就要求考生不但要理解文章的主旨大意 , 而且要具备对作者阐述的问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。主要设题方式有 : What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? The purpose of the text is to get more people to 　　　 .  The writer of the story wants to tell us that 　　　 .  The fact...is mentioned by the author to show 　　　 .  The author writes the last paragraph in order to 　　　 .  试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3. 观点态度推断 观点态度推断题考查考生是否了解文章作者或者文中人物对某事物所持的观点或者态度。这就要求考生在正确理解文章大意的基础上 , 对观点或者态度倾向进行分析、识别 , 关注作者对人物心理或者细节的描写 , 对文章所交代的人或者事情进行评判。主要设题方式有 : The attitude of the author towards...is 　　　 .  The writer of the passage seems to think that 　　　 .  What’s the author’s opinion on...? What do we know about sb.in the passage? Somebody can be said 　　　 .  What does the author think about...? 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4. 文章来源、文体类型和读者对象推断 推测文章的来源或者读者对象要求读者本身要具备一定的常识 , 这样文章的内容才能与读者本身具备的常识结合起来。比如读者本身要对报纸、杂志、网络、科普、小说、广告、说明书、旅游指南等有基本的了解 , 这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座 , 选出正确的答案。 主要设题方式有 : This passage would most likely to be found in 　　　 .  The passage is probably taken out of 　　　 .  Where does this text probably come from? Which section of a magazine is this passage probably taken from? The text is intended for 　　　 .  试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 二、推理判断题注意的问题 1 . 推断作者的观点及写作目的 , 要分析材料提供的全部事实 , 根据文章中所阐述的事实细节和上下文暗示 , 进行综合分析 , 然后作出推断并得出合乎情理的结论 ; 不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点 ; 要细读全文 , 掌握文章的表层含义 , 理解深层内涵 ; 要将材料中的已知事实与材料中没有表达的概念联系在一起。 2 . 推断文章出处题的题干中常有 come from,most probably appear,most likely to be taken from 等 , 解答此类题应在了解文章的内容或结构的基础上 , 结合文体常识来判断。 3 . 明确并判断文章属于哪类文体 , 如广告 (an advertisement) 、书评 (a book review) 、新闻特写或专题报道 (a feature story) 、新闻报道 (a news report) 、科技新闻 (science news) 、科幻故事 (science fiction story) 、展览指南 (an exhibition guide) 、通知或公告 (an announcement) 等。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . 理解 “ 言外之意 , 弦外之音 ”, 推理判断是要对文章已给的信息进行合理的分析判断 , 做到 “ 有理有据 ” 。同学们应主要注意以下几点 : (1) 把握句、段之间的逻辑关系 , 了解语篇的结构。吃透文章的字面意思 , 从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索 , 这是推理的前提和基础。 (2) 对文章的表面信息进行挖掘加工 , 由表入里 , 由浅入深 , 从具体到抽象 , 从特殊到一般 , 通过分析、综合、判断 , 进行符合逻辑的推理。 (3) 忠实于原文 , 以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知 , 推断未知。不能主观臆断、凭空想象 , 更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 高招 1 抓住特定细节 , 揣摩写作目的 典例 1 (2016 全国 Ⅲ 阅读 C 节选 ) If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around.It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month.The day itself is on October 21,but since it has caught on,events now spread out over most of October around Britain. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see,and often taste,a wide variety of apples.To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets,it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence,such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.Although it doesn’t taste of anything special,it’s still worth a try,as is the knobbly( 多疙瘩的 )Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else. There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions.One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette,but you’ll need a warm,sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it,so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.  试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 At the events,you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions,and because these are family affairs,children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games. Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit,including stately gardens and commercial orchards( 果园 ).If you want to have a real orchard experience,try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale,near Faversham in Kent. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 31 . What is the author’s purpose in writing the text ? A.To show how to grow apples. B.To introduce an apple festival. C.To help people select apples. D.To promote apple research. 【剖析】 B 　 本题为推断写作目的题。根据文章第一段中的 “If you are a fruit grower...what’s around.” 和第二段中的 “Visiting an apple event...” 以及后文介绍节日上的各类苹果可知 , 作者在介绍苹果节。 B 项明确地表明了作者的写作目的。 A 项是指为了展示如何种植苹果 , 属于无中生有 , 生搬硬套。文章第三、四段提到了种植苹果的信息 , 但这并非作者的写作目的。 C 项指为了帮助人们挑选苹果 , 属于移花接木 , 偷换概念。 C 项应为文章第二、三段的写作目的而非作者的写作目的。 D 项指为了促进苹果研究 , 属于无中生有 , 生搬硬套。文章第三、四段提到了苹果种植方面的信息 , 但并非作者的写作目的。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 典例 2 (2016 全国 Ⅱ 阅读 C 节选 ) Reading can be a social activity.Think of the people who belong to book groups.They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them.Now the website BookCrossing.com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group. 29 . Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph ? A.To explain what they are. B.To introduce BookCrossing. C.To stress the importance of reading. D.To encourage readers to share their ideas . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【剖析】 B 　 本题为推断写作目的题。节选段首先说阅读是一种社会性的活动 , 谈到读书小组 (book groups), 然后作者用一个 Now 引出本书要说的话 :BookCrossing 这个网站给传统的读书小组翻开了新的一页 (turns the page on), 可见作者介绍读书小组的目的是引出这个网站 , 故选 B 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【方法综述】 明确文章体裁 , 巧妙确定写作目的 写作目的阐述文章为何表达这个中心思想 , 也即作者为何写这篇文章。 推断写作目的的题干中常有 purpose,in order to 等词。不同文体的文章可能有不同的写作目的 :(1)to entertain or instruct readers( 如故事类文章 );(2)to persuade readers( 如广告 );(3)to inform readers,to explain sth.( 如科普类、新闻报道类或文化类文章 ) 。 要做好写作目的题 , 必须先弄清楚文章的体裁 , 因为不同的文体写作目的是不同的。 广告 : 推销某种产品或某种服务 , 或是通过影片、电视节目、旅游景点等的介绍吸引更多的观众、读者或游客等。 研究报告 : 向人们展示某种研究结果。 说明文 : 向人们展示某物的用途或制作过程。 议论文 : 论述一个道理或表达一个观点。 记叙文 : 向人们分享经历、叙述一件事情或表达感情等。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 典例 3 (2015 全国 Ⅰ 阅读 B 节选 ) The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter,so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota,Florida,my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”.I left for the land of warmth and... 24 . What did the author think of her winter life in New York ? A.Exciting. 　 B.Boring. C.Relaxing . D.Annoying . 【剖析】 B 　 本题是推断作者观点态度的题。题目问 : 作者认为纽约冬天的生活怎么样 ? 第一步 , 找依据 : 节选段第一句 “The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter...”; 第二步 , 理解字面意思 : 美国东北部的冬天太冷 , 不是一个打发时间的好地方 ; 第三步 , 推断 : 由 “ 寒冷 (freezing)”“ 无趣 (not...fun)” 可知 , 作者认为纽约冬天的生活非常无聊 (boring) 。故选 B 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 典例 4 (2015 安徽阅读 B 节选 ) Eventually the girls all graduated from college and went away to work for themselves,but one by one,the daughters returned to work in the family business.They opened new restaurants in San Francisco and Los Angeles.Even though family members sometimes disagreed with each other,they worked together to make the business successful.Daughter Elizabeth explains,“Our mother taught us that to succeed we must have unity,and to have unity we must have peace.Without the strength of the family,there is no business.” Their expanding business became a large corporation in 1996,with three generations of Ans working together.Now the Ans’ corporation makes more than $20 million each year.Although they began with a small restaurant,they had big dreams,and they worked together.Now they are a big success. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 62 . What can we infer about the An daughters ? A.They did not finish their college education. B.They could not bear to work in the family business. C.They were influenced by what Helene taught them. D.They were troubled by disagreement among family members. 【剖析】 C 　 本题是信息推断题。 Helene An 在女儿们很小的时候就告诉她们家庭团结的重要性。根据上面两段的介绍可知 , 女儿们大学毕业后 , 女从母业 ; 而且注意家庭团结 , 后来取得了很大的成功。因此可知 ,Helene 的教诲对女儿们影响很大。因此 C 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【方法综述】 一、明确推理判断题正确选项的特征 : 1.“ 立足原文 , 只推一步 ”, 即根据原文内容 , 一步即可推得。 2. 选项中一般不可以出现绝对概念 , 如 only,never,all,absolutely 等 , 正确答案的表述一般有一点模糊 , 会用一些相对能够留下一些余地的词汇 , 如 often,usually,sometimes,some,may,might,can,could,possibly,probably 等。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 二、把握推理判断题干扰选项的特征 : 1. 曲解文意 : 即推测意义与文章表层意义有区别 , 推理判断题中有些选项来自文章中的某一句或某几句话 , 命题者可能会利用里面的字词设计出干扰项 , 看似表达文章的意思 , 其实是借题发挥 , 是对原文意思的曲解。因此 , 考生在阅读文章时要吃透文章的字面意思 , 从字里行间捕捉线索 , 这是推理判断的前提和基础。在此基础上 , 考生通过分析、判断 , 从而做出符合逻辑的推断。 2. 张冠李戴 , 鱼目混珠 : 即把文章中作者的观点与其他人的观点混淆在一起。题干问的是作者的观点 , 选项中出现的却是其他人的观点 ; 题干问的是其他人的观点 , 选项中却出现了作者的观点。干扰项还常出现在词句理解类试题的选项中 , 即利用某个词或句子的字面含义代替其在特定语境中的具体含义。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3. 无中生有 , 偷梁换柱 : 干扰项往往是基本的生活常识或普遍认可的观点 , 但在文章中并无相关的信息支撑点。其次 , 这种干扰项也有可能与设置的问题毫不相干 ; 有时 , 干扰项用了与文章中某一句话相似的句型结构和单词 , 却在考生易忽视的地方换了几个单词 , 造成句意的改变。 4. 扩缩范围 : 为了准确、严密地表达文章内容 , 命题者特别注意对文意范围的限定 , 有时通过加上 almost,all,nearly,more than,normally,usually 等词语对文意加以限制。 “ 扩缩范围 ” 干扰法就是在选项中通过改变或去掉限制性词语 , 将信息的范围、程度、感情色彩等改变 , 从而给考生解题造成干扰的命题方法。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 . 不提炼加工原文信息就做出判断是做推理判断题常犯的错误。 高考阅读理解有一种题目介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间 , 如果不对原文信息进行加工处理 , 找到与题干或者选项相一致的信息 , 就没法做出进一步的推理或者鉴别。正确选项的依据一定能在原文中找到 , 但对原文进行适当改动的选项往往是正确答案。 2 . 错误地把文章中明确阐述的细节作为推理判断题的答案。 推理判断题中的选项陈述的内容大多是正确的 , 有些是文章的细节 , 有些是文章某个内容的陈述 , 但不是解决此题的依据。推理判断题往往考查作者不能鲜明地表达的观点 , 或者是隐含在字里行间的态度或者结论。这就需要通过分析理解 , 透过字面意思 , 理解其深层意思 , 做出合理的推断。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 第 1 组 A (2017 重庆模拟 ) Whether you prefer burning the midnight oil or going to bed early so you can get up at the break of dawn depends on your genes,according to experts. I jump out of bed each morning,eager to start an active day.But I can hear my neighbour’s alarm clock ringing non-stop every morning and I doubt he gets to work on time. A lot of noise comes from his flat in the evening.He’s happy to stay up watching TV till after midnight,while I go to bed early and try to sleep. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Well,it might not be his fault after all.I’m called “a lark( 百灵鸟 )” and my neighbour “an owl( 猫头鹰 )”. We all have inside “clocks” in the brain to control all kinds of bodily functions and it is reset every day by light.These inside clocks run to a different schedule in “larks” and “owls”.If you have a fast clock,you like to do things early,and if you have a slow clock,you like to do things late. Because we live in a 24/7 world,scientists believe it’s important to understand a person’s “chronotype”—the time of the day when they function the best.It could help us lead a healthier life. A US professor has studied sleeping patterns and thinks work times should be changed and made more individual to fit in with our chronotypes. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 And he has advice for those who can’t choose their working hours:“If that’s not possible,we should be more careful about light exposure,” says the professor.“You should try to go to work not in a covered vehicle but on a bike.The minute the sun sets we should use things that have no blue light,like computer screens and other electronic devices.” 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。作者通过分析自己和邻居不同的作息情况 , 说明了每个人都有自己的睡眠类型 : 有的人晚上的工作效率高 , 有的人白天的工作效率高。但是 , 如果无法选择工作时间 , 那么就应在晚上尽量避免蓝色的光 , 因为蓝色的光可能会导致睡眠问题。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 . How is the passage mainly developed ? A.By presenting and solving problems. B.By explaining the cause-effect relationship. C.By giving examples and drawing a conclusion. D.By analyzing differences and providing advice. 【答案】 D 【解析】 写作手法题。作者 通过分析自己与邻居不同的作息情况 , 提到这是由于基因的不同造成的。然后 , 作者对此提出建议 , 即不同的人应该采用不同的作息时间。故选 D 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 . We can learn from the passage that the author’s neighbour 　　　 .  A.almost always gets to work on time B.has to work deep into the night every day C.is passive during the day but energetic at night D.is easily woken up by his alarm clock in the morning 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句 “But I can hear...to work on time.” 和第三段可知 , 作者的 邻居白天状态消极 , 晚上却精力充沛 。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . Things with blue light are not recommended after sunset because blue light 　　　 .  A.will make you nervous B.may cause sleep problems C.will reduce your work efficiency D.may make you sleepy 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句可知 , 如果我们无法选择工作时间 , 不得不在白天工作而在晚上休息 , 我们就 应该更加注意光的照射 , 尤其是不要在晚上接触蓝色的光 。由此可推知 , 蓝色的光可能会导致睡眠问题。故选 B 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 B (2017 河北秦皇岛一模 ) Voice and onscreen directions TeleNav GPS Navigator( 导航仪 )is easy to use as you drive,and it will give you all the information you need,such as: ● The current street ● The next turn to take ● The next street to turn on to ● The number of miles left on your trip 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Along the way,directions will be announced in a clear voice and displayed on your phone.For example,it will say,“Go 12 miles and turn right on Elm Street.” As you approach the turn,you will hear,“Turn right on Elm Street.” Hit the road by previewing your route before you go.You even get the total distance and estimate of the travel time to your destination. Biz ( 行业 ) finder With TeleNav GPS Navigator,it’s easy to find restaurants,banks,cafés,hotels and more from over 10 million points of interest.Once you’ve found what you are looking for,you can use TeleNav to get directions or to call ahead to make a reservation. List price:D$199.99;our price:D$142.77 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Comments from users “It’s easy to use.The voice that tells you the turn directions—with names and streets—is clear and easy to understand.” ——Dory Delvin “TeleNav helps professionals on the road make the most of their time.” ——Dale Hein 【语篇解读】 本文是一则广告 , 主要向人们推荐一种导航仪 , 并介绍了它的功能、价格以及顾客的好评。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 .If you buy ten TeleNav GPS Navigators,you can save 　　　 .  A.D$142.77 B.D$572.2 C.D$552.2 D.D$420 【答案】 B 【解析】 数字计算题。根据文章中的 “List price:D$199.99;our price:D$142.77” 可知 , 买 一台 TeleNav GPS 导航仪可以 节省 D$57.22 , 10 台 可以 节省 D$572.2 , 即 B 项正确 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 5 . The author quotes customers’ comments in the ad to 　　　 .  A.teach people how to use the product correctly B.describe how to make the most of the product C.convince people of the product’s top quality D.persuade people not to use paper maps 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。广告中作者引用顾客的好评是 为了让人们相信该产品顶级的质量 , 然后去购买这一产品 。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 6 .How does TeleNav GPS Navigator give users directions? A.By speaking and shaking. B.By displaying and writing. C.By shaking and displaying. D.By speaking and displaying. 【答案】 D 【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章中 Voice and onscreen directions 下的 “Along the way, directions will be announced in a clear voice and displayed on your phone .” 可知 , 应选 D 项。   试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 7 . 　　　 is not a feature of TeleNav GPS Navigator.  A.Finding out how much gas is left in your car B.Guiding you to a restaurant C.Informing the remaining miles to your destination D.Identifying where you are 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章中的 “it’s easy to find restaurants” “The number of miles left on your trip” 及 “The current street” 可知 , B 、 C 、 D 三项都是 TeleNav GPS 导航仪的特点 ,A 项在文中未提及 , 故选 A 项。   试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 C (2016 福建模拟 ) Goldfish have pretty boring lives,so maybe it’s a good thing they can only concentrate for nine seconds!But according to a new research,humans are becoming like goldfish.Our attention span ( 时长 ) is getting shorter...and it’s all because of technology. “We move quickly from one site to another on the web,” says Doctor Ted Selker,a computer scientist from Massachusetts,“and we are losing the ability to concentrate.” With millions of websites to choose from,the attention span of the average Internet user is just seconds.There are other digital distractions ( 分心 )too:email,instant messaging and quickie movies on websites. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Some people are worried about the effect on young people.“You need time to understand and think about what you read,” says Julia Wood,from London.“Young people search the net all the time and their brains become full of useless information but there is no time to make sense of it.I am trying to persuade my pupils to read more books,so that they concentrate on one subject for longer.” Other teachers are trying more unusual methods to improve students’ concentration.Anne Savan,from Wales,was so worried about her students that she started playing Mozart during her science lessons.She says that it had an amazing effect:“The music made them calmer,and their concentration was much better.” 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 But not everyone believes that there is a problem.Ray Cole,an educational psychologist says,“On the web,young people learn to make quick decisions about what is and isn’t worth reading.They might look at five unhelpful websites very quickly,before stopping and reading a sixth useful website more carefully.In a world with so much information available,this is an important skill.” 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。随着科技的发展 , 人们将大量时间花在浏览网站上 , 快速不断地浏览网站使人们的注意力时长越来越短 , 但是有人认为 , 浏览网站可以提高年轻人的判断能力。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 8 . Why does the writer mention “ goldfish ”? A.To analyze data. B.To introduce a topic. C.To settle problems. D.To suggest a way out. 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。文章第一段第一句说金鱼的注意力只能持续九秒钟 ; 结合第一段的第二句 “But according to a new research,humans are becoming like goldfish” 可知 , 人们正变得像金鱼一样 ; 接着文章提出中心论点 : 由于技术问题 , 我们的注意力时长变得越来越短。据此可以判断 , 作者 用金鱼的例子是为了引出文章主题 , 故 B 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 9 . What may cause a shorter attention span according to Dr.Ted Selker ? A.Skipping on the Internet. B.Time to digest information. C.Traditional methods of reading. D.Making decisions. 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段的 “We move quickly from one site to another on the web”“and we are losing the ability to concentrate” 可知 ,Ted Selker 认为 , 由于人们快速浏览网站 , 人们正在丧失集中注意力的能力 , 故 A 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 10 .What will help students overcome a short attention span? A.Receiving emails. B.Texting messages. C.Reading more books. D.Watching quickie movies. 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句 “I am trying to persuade my pupils to read more books,so that they concentrate on one subject for longer” 可知 , 阅读更多的书将有助于学生克服注意力时间短的问题 , 故 C 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 11 . What is Ray Cole’s attitude towards looking through websites quickly ? A.Cautious. B.Unfavorable. C.Skeptical. D.Supportive. 【答案】 D 【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “But not everyone believes that there is a problem”“On the web,young people learn to make quick decisions about what is and isn’t worth reading” 可知 ,Ray Cole 认为年轻人快速浏览网站可以 提高自己快速判断的能力 ; 据此可判断 ,Ray Cole 对快速浏览网站持支持态度 , 故 D 项正确。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 D (2017 山西模拟 ) I’ve always had strong opinions of how love should be expressed.What I remember most about visiting my boyfriend’s parents is the loud tick of the clock as we silently ate our meal.I was quick to regard his family as cold.However,once,when we were about to drive home,my boyfriend’s father appeared and began to wash the windshield( 挡风玻璃 ).I could sense that his dad was a caring man. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 I learned another lesson about love later.My father often telephoned me early in the morning.“Buy Xerox.It’s a good share price,” he would say when I answered the phone.My dad offered no pleasant greeting or inquiry( 询问 )about my life.This angered me and we often quarreled.But one day,I thought about my father’s success and realized his concern for my financial security showed how much he loved me.The next time he called and told me to buy a stock( 股票 ),I thanked him. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 The way I treat my friends is sometimes different from how they treat me.For example,I always return phone calls without delay and regularly check in with old friends.I had one friend who rarely called,responding to my messages with short e-mails.“She isn’t a good friend!” I thought.My anger grew as the holidays approached.Then she came to a gathering I hosted and handed me a beautiful dress I had fallen in love with when we last went window-shopping.I was shocked at her kindness,and felt bad for thinking her uncaring.Clearly I needed to change my expectations. Far too often,I ignore unique expressions,eagerly expecting people to do things my way.This has left me feeling unloved.Over the years,however,I have learned to read others’ love signs better and get along well with them . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的经历告诉人们 : 不同的人对爱的表达方式不同。 12 .The writer finally realized that her father 　　　 .  A.wasn’t a pleasant person B.was caring about her C.was successful in finance D.was dissatisfied with her 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句 “But one day...how much he loved me.” 可知 , 作者最终意识到父亲是在意她、爱她的 。故选 B 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 13 .How many examples has the writer given to show the lessons she has learned on love? A.Three. B.Two. C.One. D.Four. 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。作者在文章前三段中以自己经历的三件事为例来 讲述表达爱的不同方式 。故选 A 项 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 14 . From the passage we can infer that the writer often treats her loved ones 　　　 .  A.indirectly but warmly B.directly and coldly C.warmly and friendly D.coldly but regularly 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句 “For example,I always return phone calls without delay and regularly check in with old friends.” 可知 , 作者看到朋友的电话会马上回复 , 经常和老朋友联系 , 所以她应该 是一个热情、友好的人 。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 15 . The writer writes this passage to show that 　　　 .  A.people should treat others in a caring way B.her good friend dislikes her way to care about others C.she expects others to care about her in her way D.different people have different ways to show their love 【答案】 D 【解析】 写作意图题。本文通过讲述作者经历的三件事来告诉人们 : 每个人都有自己表达爱的方式 。故选 D 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 第 2 组 A (2017 东北三校一模 ) The National Air and Space Museum in Washington D.C.has thousands of objects on display,including the 1903 Wright Flyer,Charles Lindbergh’s Spirit of St.Louis,the Apollo 11 Command Module Columbia,and a lunar rock you can touch.In addition to our exhibition galleries,you may want to visit the Albert Einstein Planetarium,Lockheed Martin IMAX Theater,and the Public Observatory on the east end.There are many things to do at the Museum in D.C.We offer daily tours and educational activities for both children and adults.We also have scheduled lectures and events throughout the year. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Hours & Admission:Open every day except December 25.Admission is free. Regular Hours:10:00 am to 5:30 pm Extended Hours:10:00 am to 7:30 pm December 26-30,2014. March 30-April 20,2015. Fridays and Saturdays,April 24-May 16,2015. May 17-September 7,2015. VISITING TIPS: 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Limit the Number of Bags:All visitors are screened through metal detectors upon entry.The fewer items you bring inside the Museum,the faster your entry.Before you visit,please review the list of prohibited items,which include pocket knives and tripods( 三脚架 ).Visitors carrying prohibited items will not be allowed inside the Museum,so please leave them at home or in your car. No Food and Drink:Only bottled water is permitted in the Museum.You may only consume food and other drinks in the Food Court,not in the Museum.Groups who bring food are encouraged to picnic on the National Mall. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Please Take Photos:You are welcome to take photos for personal use.However,tripods and monopods( 单脚架 )are not permitted without approval . First Aid:The Museum has a First Aid office and a nurse on duty.Please contact the nearest security officer or the Welcome Center for assistance. Visit the Welcome Center: At our Welcome Center in the South Lobby,staff and volunteers can answer any questions you have during your visit. Open 10:00 am to 5:30 pm Phone:202-633-2214 E-mail: NASM - VisitorServices @ si . edu 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。简要介绍了华盛顿一家博物馆的参观事宜。 1 .According to the passage,the National Air and Space Museum is a museum 　　　 .  A.where only adults can take part in some educational activities B.everyone can pay a visit to without buying tickets C.where one can touch anything he likes D.everyone can visit without time limits all the year round 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章中的 “Hours & Admission:Open every day except December 25.Admission is free.” 可知 , 这家博物馆是免费对公众开放的 。故选 B 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .If the Greens plan to visit the museum at 6:00 pm,it is accessible on 　　　 .  A.December 24,2014(Wednesday) B.March 1,2015(Sunday) C.July 6,2015(Monday) D.September 15,2015(Tuesday) 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。根据文章中 “Extended Hours” 的介绍 , 并结合选项可知 , Green 一家只能在 2015 年 7 月 6 日的晚上六点去这家博物馆参观 。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 3 . A visitor to the museum can 　　　 .  A.eat and drink in the museum or in the Food Court B.take photos with tripods for personal use C.bring fewer bags to go through metal detectors D.get some medical treatment if he suddenly falls ill 【答案】 D 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章 “First Aid” 部分的内容可推知 , 如果 来访者突然病倒 , 可以得到紧急救助 。故选 D 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 4 . The purpose of this passage is to 　　　 .  A.make an advertisement for the museum B.attract people to explore the universe C.encourage adults to bring their children there D.show what is on display in the museum 【答案】 A 【解析】 写作意图题。通过对文章的整体理解可知 , 本文是一篇有关博物馆参观事宜的介绍 , 由此可推知 , 本文是 一篇广告 , 其目的在于宣传这家博物馆 , 以吸引更多人来此参观 。故选 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 B (2017 北京东城区模拟 ) Small seating in the economy-class( 经济舱 )sections of airplanes is not just uncomfortable but potentially life-threatening.Space has become so tight that passengers cannot protect themselves in the event of a crash. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 A report on a long distance flight from the doctors of Vienna stated that only 10% in economy class could adopt the recommended brace position on the plane’s safety tips in case of emergency,and they were the smallest of the group.And 30% of their fellow passengers traveling in first class could adopt the position,which is internationally recognized as improving the chances of survival in the event of a crash.The authors of the report are now calling for greater space between seat rows to increase safety. A spokesman for British Airways(BA),which is responsible for safety on all British planes,opposed the idea that small seating was a threat( 威胁 )to passengers.“We don’t think it is a safety matter,” he said,“We have high safety standards and all UK aircraft meet them.” In the past month,both British Airways and Virgin Atlantic introduced sleeper seats,stressing the outstanding comfort in the front of the planes.But that space gained is space lost in economy. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Until recently,economy class was at least “bearable”—with an 86-centimeter seat.Scheduled airlines such as BA and KLM gave passengers enough leg room and comfortable seats.But the arrival of new,weight-saving seats caused economy class to take a turn for the worse.Extra rows have been put into the plane,with the result that the average seat now is 79 centimetres.Singapore Airlines has become the latest carrier to narrow down its seats.It announced free wine for economy passengers last September,but at the same time reduced leg room by 8 centimetres. Economy class on scheduled airlines is now often little better than economy on Qatar Airways.Some Qatar Airways even offer the chance to upgrade—at a price—to seats which,at 89-91 centimetres,are roomier than those of most Scheduled Airlines . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要介绍了飞机经济舱的座位的空间大小对乘客安全的影响。 5 . What can we learn from the passage ? A.Scheduled airlines produced new comfortable seats for economy class. B.Doctors from Vienna said less space between seats could cause danger. C.Spokesman for BA declared that narrow seat space was a threat. D.Qatar Airways offered larger seats with no more charge. 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句及第二段第一句中的 “doctors of Vienna stated that only 10% in economy class could...in case of emergency” 可推知 , 维也纳的医生认为 飞机上座位之间的空间变小会导致危险发生 。故选 B 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 6 . What might be the author’s attitude towards reducing the space of economy seats ? A.Neutral. B.Sceptical. C.Supportive . D.Disapproving. 【答案】 D 【解析】 观点态度题。文章第一段指出了作者的观点 : 经济舱的座位不仅不舒适而且还会造成潜在的生命威胁 , 飞机上座位之间的空间变小会导致乘客在飞机失事的时候不能保护自己 , 所以 作者不赞成缩小经济舱的座位空间 。故选 D 项 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 7 . Where does the passage most probably come from ? A.A biography. B.A book review. C.A magazine. D.A realistic novel. 【答案】 C 【解析】 文章出处题。这篇文章主要 介绍了飞机座位间的空间大小对乘客安全的影响 , 应该是来源于一本杂志 。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 C (2017 福建福州二模 ) Weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye,a skilled hand and lots of patience.But in Lenwood Haddock’s case,being blind works to his advantage.His trained,sensitive hands are acutely aware of every step of the process.Since beginning his craft in 1986,Lenwood has woven about 145,000 perfect hammocks. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Lenwood lost his sight in 1973,at age 18,during a hunting accident.“My whole working career has been blind,” he says.He first found a job as a woodworker,but when that organization closed,the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks.On his first day of work,“I did a total of one hammock,” Lenwood recalls,laughing.“And then I came home and lay down to sleep.I lift weights,but I wasn’t as tough as I thought until I started weaving.It takes a lot of energy,and you’re standing up all day.” In time,however,Lenwood found he had a knack( 窍门 ) for the job.At first he worked on-site at the company,but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 There,he creates dozens of hammocks each week from ropes in a variety of sizes.One day,he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop. The process of weaving a hammock involves making and catching hundreds of loops( 环 ).A single missed stitch( 织针 ) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock uncomfortable or even dangerous to use.Experienced weavers miss loops sometimes,but to his company’s knowledge, Lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch .Lenwood’s skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes.  The company has acquired other brands and changed its name to The Hammock Source.Today,it is the world’s largest maker and seller of hammocks,all built by hand. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 However,Lenwood’s routine has changed little.He works his fingers back and forth across the rows,looping the rope and pulling it.With every hammock,Lenwood presents himself a perfect product.“I’m not sure how sighted people do it,” he admits. 【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。 文章叙述了因故双目失明的美国人 Lenwood 自强自立的励志故事。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 8 .Lenwood stopped doing his first job because 　　　 .  A.the company failed to go on with its business B.it was for people with good eyesight only C.the company didn’t produce hammocks D.he was not skilled at doing woodwork 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。由文章第二段可知 ,Lenwood 十八岁时失明 , 后来找到第一份工作 , 但 他所在的 organization closed , 虽 没说具体原因 , 但没有再继续经营下去 , 故选 A 项。   试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 9 .It can be learned from the passage that Lenwood 　　　 .  A.has been blind all through his life B.used to work as a hunter to support his family C.was born in the 1950s with good eyesight D.has worked as a hammock weaver for 10 years 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。相关信息仍出自第二段。正确答案为 C 项 , 是通过 Lenwood 在 1973 年十八岁时失明推算出来的 , 也说明之前他的眼睛是好的 。文中只提到他因 a hunting accident 而失明 , 并没有提到他以打猎为生养家糊口 , 故 B 项错误。至于 D 项 , 是来自第三段的一个干扰信息 , 也就是他织吊床之前的木工活干了十年。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 10 . What do we know about Lenwood from the 4th paragraph ? A.He moved very often while he was working on a hammock. B.He had to make different ropes before he wove a hammock. C.He had to stay 8 miles away from the worksite to complete it. D.He needed ropes of about 8 miles long to complete a hammock. 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。从文章第四段可知 , Lenwood 所用的计步器显示 , 他在店里织吊床总共来回行走 8 英里 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 11 . What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean ? A.Lenwood was very skilled with his hands. B.Lenwood was very careful with his work. C.Lenwood refused to hand in incomplete hammocks. D.Lenwood dropped his stitch only once while working. 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。根据 吊床织造厂的记录 (knowledge 意为 “ 厂里了解到的情况 ”), Lenwood 所织的吊床从未出过差错 , 这应该与他的认真细致有关 , 因此选 B 项。尽管他心灵手巧也是事实 , 但不出差错应该是认真细致的结果。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 D (2017 山西模拟 ) A lot of people say math is not their strong suit.One New Jersey parent wants to help change that.Laura Overdeck grew up with numbers.She always helped measure ingredients when her mother baked,and she learned about angles from her father.She went on to major in astrophysics in college.Overdeck knew she wanted her own children to be good at math,too. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 “And when our first child was about two,we just started giving her a math problem every night,”Overdeck said.The problem was usually a story,involving animals,cars or candies that let the kid count.“Our third child started,at age two,yelling that he wanted his own math problem because he saw his brother and sister doing it.And we thought,‘Wow,we have a household where math is the popular thing at bedtime,’”Overdeck said. In February,Overdeck launched Bedtime Math,an Internet website where she posts daily puzzles for children.Overdeck is particularly keen to hook children on numbers before they go to school.So why introduce little ones to math so early ? 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Sian Beilock,an expert on performance anxiety,said the more fun and familiar math is early on,the less likely children will feel nervous when they start to learn math in school.“My lab has shown recently that kids as early as first grade report feeling anxious about doing math,” Beilock said. “You can hear totally educated adults say,‘You know I’m just not that good at math.’or‘I’m kind of afraid of math.’And that’s a totally acceptable thing for a well-educated person to say,but you never hear them say,‘Well,you know,I’m just not that good at reading,’”Overdeck said.She wants children and their parents to become as fluent in numbers as they are in Harry Potter . 【语篇解读】 本文为记叙文。新泽西州的一位母亲创建了 Bedtime Math 网站 , 旨在帮助孩子们提高数学能力。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 12 . Overdeck majored in astrophysics because she 　　　 .  A.was really fond of mathematics B.hoped to change math education in the US C.had an interest in physics D.would like her children to be good at math 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 “She always helped measure ingredients when her mother baked,and she learned about angles from her father.She went on to major in astrophysics in college” 可知 ,Overdeck 主修天体物理学是因为她真的喜欢数学 。故选 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 13 . What can be inferred from Paragraph 2 ? A.Toys can be used to encourage kids in solving math problems. B.Math will become more popular in every household. C.Math is enjoyable in Overdeck’s family. D.The third child is cleverer than his brother and sister. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “Wow,we have a household where math is the popular thing at bedtime” 可推知 ,Overdeck 的 家人都喜欢数学 。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 14 . Beilock’s attitude towards Overdeck’s idea is 　　　 .  A.agreeable B.puzzled C.anxious D.critical 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “Overdeck is particularly keen to hook children on numbers before they go to school” 以及第四段中的 “Sian Beilock,an expert on performance anxiety,said the more fun and familiar math is early on,the less likely children will feel nervous when they start to learn math in school” 可推知 ,Beilock 与 Overdeck 的 观点一致 。故选 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 15 .The unfavorable situation of the US in math ability is shown by 　　　 .  A.the popularity of Bedtime Math B.children’s performance anxiety in school C.people’s response to math D.adults’ great fondness for Harry Potter 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的 “ ‘ You know I’m just not that good at math. ’ or ‘ I’m kind of afraid of math. ’ And that’s a totally acceptable thing for a well-educated person to say,but you never hear them say” 可知 , 人们对数学的反应显示了美国在数学能力方面不利的形势 。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 第 3 组 A (2017 江西九江模拟 ) 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Melbourne , Australia Melbourne is a hotspot travel destination,and it’s easy to see its beautiful beaches and busy city life. Why it’s a great choice:Australia as a whole is considered a safe destination for international travel,and because of that,many solo travelers go there.As an English-speaking country,you won’t be faced with any language barriers.Melbourne is easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere! 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Thailand Thailand is great for solo travelers—perhaps because it is one of the Buddhist mindsets,which promote equality among the sexes. Why it’s a great choice:Thailand is known for its friendly atmosphere,and as a travel hotspot,there are plenty of chances to meet other like-minded travelers.Well known for being very cheap,especially in the north.A good choice if you want to get away on a budget.Thailand has a lot to offer,from the party-central Bangkok to beautiful beaches and tropical( 热带的 )jungle. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Hong Kong , China Hong Kong is a great place to relax for solo travelers as it is full of “Zen Moments”,such as beautiful gardens and Tai Chi classes. Why it’s a great choice:Hong Kong is regarded as one of the safest cities in the world.If you’re not well-traveled,or perhaps a bit tired of things like language barriers,Hong Kong is a great place to start,as it mixes both Eastern and Western at the same time. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Bali , Indonesia Bali is a spiritual place with yoga,spas,healthy food and beaches.The combination of friendly people and splendid visual culture has made Bali number one tourist attraction. Why it’s so great?Because you won’t be the only solo traveler in Bali.Everyone is known for being extremely friendly and you’re sure to meet some amazing characters along the way.As a Hindu island,Bali is the perfect place for a relaxing and spiritual retreat( 静修 ).The Sacred Monkey Forest in Ubud is fantastic—if you like monkeys,anyway. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的墨尔本、泰国、中国的香港和印度尼西亚的巴厘岛这四个适合独自旅行的旅游胜地 , 以及它们值得一去的原因。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 1 .What do the four places have in common according to the text? A.They’re cheap to travel around. B.They’re great for solo travelers. C.They offer good spas and yoga. D.There’re no language barriers. 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题。通读全文可知 , 每个景点的介绍中 都提及了 solo traveler(s) , 因此选 B 项。   试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 2 .Where can you enjoy both convenient transport and beautiful beaches? A.Melbourne,Australia. B.Thailand. C.Hong Kong,China. D.Bali,Indonesia. 【答案】 A 【解析】 细节理解题。根据 Melbourne,Australia 部分第一段的 “its beautiful beaches and busy city life” 以及第二段中的 “Melbourne is easy to get around because you can walk or bike practically anywhere!” 可知 , 在澳大利亚的墨尔本 你可以享受到便利的交通和美丽的沙滩 。 3 .What has made Bali No.1 tourist attraction? A.Yoga,spas,healthy food and beaches. B.Friendly people and splendid visual culture. C.Meeting some amazing characters along the way. D.Fantastic monkeys in the Sacred Monkey Forest. 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题。根据 Bali,Indonesia 部分第一段的第二句可知 , 友好的人们与精彩的视觉文化融合使巴厘岛成为第一观光胜地 。 4 . What type of writing is this text ? A.A travel journal. B.A business report. C.A travel guide. D.A press advertisement. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了 四个热点旅游胜地以及它们的特色、优势 , 因此应属于 “ 旅游指南 ” 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 B (2017 山东青岛模拟 ) time I’ll be home.He is strict with me because he cares about me more than anything in the world.My dad’s strictness comes from the way he was raised.He grew up working long hours on his family farm and his dad would throw wooden boards at him when he did something wrong.In high school,my dad woke up at four in the morning to get his chores( 日常杂务 )done and walked to school so that he would make it to basketball practice by five.After school he went home to start a long night of chores. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 On top of all the responsibilities my dad had at home,he played three sports and went to school.School would have been easy,but my dad had dyslexia( 诵读困难 ).Every teacher my dad had thought that he was just unable to learn.My dad struggled in school until one teacher took the time to sit down and teach him how to read and write.To this day my dad tells me how grateful he is to that teacher who gave him a chance. The best part about my dad is his attitude toward our family.When he comes home from a terrible day at work,he always puts a smile on his face because he knows the family is a lot more important than his own problems . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 I know that I get my best qualities from my dad.He has shown me that with hard work I can accomplish something,and have fun while doing it.I know that my dad has strict rules because he loves me and wants me to learn responsibility. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者向读者展示了一个严厉、勤奋、重视家庭的父亲形象。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 5 . The author’s father seems to 　　　 .  A.get angry very easily B.be deeply affected by his father C.have a bad relationship with his father D.be very curious about the author’s life 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 “My dad’s strictness comes from the way he was raised.” 以及 “his dad would...when he did something wrong” 可知 , 作者的父亲深受他父亲的影响 , 从而对作者很严格。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 6 .What do we know about the author’s father in high school? A.He hated going to school. B.He had to do heavy housework. C.He often stayed up late for study. D.He often missed classes because of sports. 【答案】 B 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “In high school,my dad woke up at four in the morning to get his chores( 日常杂务 )done” 以及 “After school he went home to start a long night of chores.” 可知 , 作者的父亲在上高中时每天都需要做很多的家务 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 7 . How does the author look at his father’s strictness ? A.Cautiously. B.Positively. C.Skeptically. D.Critically. 【答案】 B 【解析】 观点态度题。根据第一段中的 “He is strict with me because he cares about me more than anything in the world.” 以及最后一段中的 “I know that my dad has strict rules...responsibility.” 可推知 , 作者认为父亲对自己严格是因为他爱自己 , 想让自己学会有责任感 , 所以 作者对此态度很积极 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 C (2017 山东济南模拟 ) Raised by a single mother in Hartford,Fred Wright struggled with behavioral problems and was forced to move from one school to another.He even reached a point where he felt like he had nothing to live for. “I was walking around with a lot on my shoulders,” he said.“I couldn’t handle it.I didn’t care about life anymore.” But all that started to change when Wright met Patricia Kelly. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 “I was seven when I met Mrs Kelly.I wasn’t used to strictness.I wasn’t used to hearing the word ‘no’,”said Wright,now 17. Kelly,a former soldier and an equestrian( 骑手 ),took Wright under her wing and helped him find hope in an unlikely place—on a horse. “Wright was like a round peg that everybody kept trying to squeeze into a square hole,” Kelly said.“He was hurting.He needed a place where he could express himself.The riding field became that place for him.” For the last 30 years,Kelly has helped children stay on the right track through her non-profit,Ebony Horsewomen.The program offers horseback riding lessons and teaches animal science to more than 300 young people a year.By exposing those children to horsemanship,Kelly aims to give them an alternative to the streets and an opportunity to turn their lives around. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 “We use horses as a hook to create pride,esteem and healing,” said Kelly,66.“They learn that they have ability.They just have to unlock it.” “When you teach a child to ride a horse,they learn they are the center of their environment,” said Kelly.“Once they make that connection,they can change what happens in school,at home and in the community.” 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Kelly 建立的 Ebony Horsewomen 组织通过教孩子骑马帮助那些表现不好的孩子成长的故事。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 8 .Why did Fred Wright have to move from one school to another? A.Because his mother couldn’t afford the fees. B.Because his parents got divorced. C.Because he behaved badly at school. D.Because he didn’t set a life goal. 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的 “Fred Wright struggled with behavioral problems and was forced to move from one school to another” 可知 ,Fred Wright 因在学校表现不好才被迫从一所学校转到另一所学校 。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 9 .How did Patricia Kelly help Fred Wright? A.She provided him with a home. B.She encouraged him to learn science. C.She exposed him to the riding field. D.She found him a better school. 【答案】 C 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段 “Kelly,a former soldier...on a horse.” 以及第五段最后一句中的 “The riding field” 可知 ,Kelly 教 Wright 骑马 , 让 Wright 在骑马的过程中重获对生活的希望 。故选 C 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 10 . What do we know about the program Ebony Horsewomen ? A.It is intended to make money. B.It was founded by Patricia Kelly. C.It aims to protect the environment. D.It serves as a shelter for homeless kids. 【答案】 B 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第六段第一句 “For the last 30 years,Kelly...through her non-profit,Ebony Horsewomen.” 可知 , 在过去的 30 年里 ,Kelly 已经 通过她创办的非营利组织 Ebony Horsewomen 帮助孩子们走上了正确的轨道 。故选 B 项。   试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 11 . What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs ? A.Horse riding is helpful to the growth of kids. B.Patricia Kelly is a very successful woman. C.Horses are closely related to the environment. D.It is hard for a kid to learn to ride a horse. 【答案】 A 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章最后两段内容可知 ,Kelly 建立的 Ebony Horsewomen 把马作为创造骄傲、自尊的方法和治疗的手段 , 让孩子们意识到他们有能力 , 只是需要被发掘出来 。由此可推知 , 骑马对孩子们的成长有帮助 。故选 A 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 D (2017 广西模拟 ) There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees;another gets the shade”,and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters.The relationship between a mother and daughter is sometimes confusing.If close,the relationship can be similar to friendship.However,the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship.These characteristics include the hierarchy( 等级 )and unconditional love,which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Marina,27 years old,says,“I love spending time with my mom,but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend.Best friends don’t pay for your wedding.Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life!Best friends don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying. While some adult relationships are still troubled,many find them to be extremely rewarding.This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common which increases the likelihood of shared companionship.Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers,responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions.Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of the workforce and technology,which may bring them even closer together. 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends,but for better or worse,the mother and daughter relationship is permanent,even if they aren’t speaking for some unfortunate reason.The mother and child relationship is still closer than any other.There is not an equal relationship.Daughters should not feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being.It isn’t that they don’t care deeply about their mothers.It’s just that they shouldn’t be burdened with their mother’s well-being. The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other.Mothers never stop being mothers,which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness.Mother always “trumps” friends . 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。作者认为 , 母女之间虽然有许多共同之处 , 她们的关系也可以很亲密 , 但不会成为最好的朋友 , 因为母女关系不同于朋友关系 , 它独具特点。 12 .The underlined word “preclude” in Paragraph 1 probably means “ 　　　 ”.  A.differ B.prevent C.benefit D.change 【答案】 B 【解析】 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后两句可知 , 母女关系的特性中包含的辈分差别所带来的不同程度的责任、义务及无条件的爱使得她们不会成为最好的朋友。 后一句 是对前一句的解释 , 说明为何母女关系不同于朋友关系。 由此可知 , 画线词 “preclude” 意为 “ 妨碍 ” 。故选 B 项。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 13 . What do we know from the passage ? A.The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend. B.A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship. C.The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friends’ friendship. D.Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother. 【答案】 C 【解析】 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知 , 友谊关系可以停止 , 但母女关系会永远存在下去。由此可知 C 项正确 , 即 母女关系超越了友谊 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 14 . The author proves his statements mainly by 　　　 .  A.listing data B.giving explanations C.quoting sayings D.making examples 【答案】 B 【解析】 写作手法题。通读全文可知 , 文章第一段是中心段 , 提出了作者的观点 , 即母女关系不同于友谊。第二段引用 Marina 的观点说明这种不同 ; 第三至五段分别从母女关系中的共性因素、不同责任因素、母爱因素阐明了引起这种不同的原因 。故选 B 项 , 意为 “ 解释说明 ” 。 试做真题 透析真题 高手必备 萃取高招 对点精练 15 .What is the best title for the passage? A.How to be a good mother and daughter B.Who is a mother’s best friend? C.A friend in need is a friend indeed D.Can a mother be a daughter’s best friend? 【答案】 D 【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知 , 本文属于议论文 , 第一段是中心段 , 提出了作者的观点 , 即母女关系不同于朋友关系 。其余各段分别从不同角度论证了这个观点。因此选 D 项 , 与文章中心一致。