【英语】2020届二轮复习主谓一致专题学案

【英语】2020届二轮复习主谓一致专题学案

‎2020届二轮复习 主谓一致专题学案 Ⅰ. 主谓一致的原则：‎ ‎1. _______上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。一般来说，_______名词与可数名词单数用动词_______。‎ ‎2. _______上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数一致。‎ ‎3. 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于_______它的词语。‎ ² 英语中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的_______和_____保持一致。一般根据句子的_______就能判定，但有的则要看_______的意思，及强调的内容。 ‎ Ⅱ. 常用的易混的几种情况：‎ ‎1. 主语是______名词,动名词, ______或______时,谓语动词用______数。但如主语是两个或以上的______的动作就用复数谓语动词。‎ ‎2. and连接的两个作主语的单数名词指_________或物时,用单数动词。而由and连接的两个或更多的主语前有each，_____，________，_____时用_____数动词。 ‎ ² 根据提示完成句子。‎ w ____________（吸烟是）not a good habit.‎ w __________________（幸福地生活需要）a lot of things.‎ w __________________（我所说的是）true.‎ w ________________________（吸烟与饮酒是）two bad habits. ‎ w _________________（她何时、如何完成工作的）____ really interesting.‎ w ________________(她如何遇到他的) and when she married him ______ important to me.‎ w __________________（那位歌手兼词作者）______ dead.‎ w _________________（这种科技）_____（play）an important part in China.‎ w ______________（每个男孩和女孩）in the class _____（工作）very hard.‎ w ________________（每一分、每一秒都是）valuable to us senior students.‎ ‎3. 主语后跟有with，______， __________， ______， __________，______，______等短语时，不算主语成分，谓语动词要和______一致。‎ ‎4. 由some，______，______，______构成的复合代词和each，______，______，one， ______，______，______，______作主语时,谓语动词用______数。‎ ‎5. both，______，______，________，________及________作主语时，用______数。‎ ² 根据所给动词的正确形式填空：‎ w Jack with his family ______ (want) to go to China.‎ w He, as well as you, ______ (be) very honest.‎ w Her brother, together with his wife and children, _______ (kill) in the accident. ‎ w I, along with my 200 students, ______ (be) interested in the movie.‎ w Each of you______ (be) cleverer than me. ______ (be) anybody here?‎ ‎6. all，______，____，_____，more和______代替单数名词，谓语动词用______数；代替复数名词，就用_____数动词。同理适用于______，______以及the______作主语时。‎ ‎7. 就近原则：由___，_________，_________，____________连接的两个或以上主语时，动词和______的主语一致。______句型也属此类。‎ ‎8. 若主语是“________”，“______”，“______”，“______”，“______”等时用______数谓语动词。‎ ² 用be动词的适当形式填空：‎ w Most of the apple ______ bad. Most of the apples ______ bad.‎ w None of this money ____ yours. None of the people here _____ teachers.‎ w 20% (of the students) ______ going to the movie to enjoy the hit.‎ w 60% (of the human body) ______water.‎ w There ____/____ a book and two pens/ two pens and a book in the bag.‎ w You or he ____ wrong. ____ you or he wrong?‎ w Neither my brother nor his friends ______ over 18 years old.‎ w Not only the basketball players but also the coach _______very nervous.‎ w Two weeks ____ enough for me to finish it.‎ w Five thousand dollars____ too much.‎ w Ten kilometers____ too long for me to run.‎ ‎9. ______ (人民)，______，______‎ ‎ (牛群)等常用______动词。有一些集合名词，表示______就用单数动词，表示其中的______就用______数谓语。如：family，______，______，______，______。‎ ‎10. 有些形容词加上______，用来表示一类人，谓语为______数。‎ ‎11. 像trousers, ______, ______, ______, ______等作主语时,谓语动词用______数；但带有a ______ of, a ______of, a ______ of, a series of等单位词，则由这些单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。‎ ‎12. 但以-s结尾的词并______都是复数： ‎ ² 用be的适当形式填空。‎ w Traffic police _____ always very busy, especially at the busy streets.‎ w His family _____ poor and couldn’t afford the tuition.‎ w My family_____ going on a trip this summer.‎ w The sick here _____ very well cared for.‎ w This pair of scissors _____ made in Hangzhou. ‎ w Mathematics _____ the science of numbers.‎ Þ 综合练习：把下面的句子译成汉语。‎ ‎1. 《战争与和平》（ “War and Peace”）是我读过的最好的书。‎ ‎2. 除我以外没有人是学生了。‎ ‎3. 两个学生都没有通过考试。‎ ‎4. 几个朋友应邀来参加聚会。 ‎ ‎5. 或者他或者你不得不说出实情。‎ ‎6. 我们中其余的人都热爱自由胜过世界上其它任何东西。‎ ‎7. 文章的其他部分需要重写。 ‎ ‎8. 现在公众逐渐了解了整个报道。‎ ‎9. 他的蓝裤子已经穿破了。‎ ‎10. 在圣诞节英国人喜欢和家人在一起。‎ 主谓一致答案讲解 Ⅰ. 主谓一致的原则：‎ ‎1. 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。一般来说，不可数名词与可数名词单数谓语用动词单数。‎ ‎2. 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数一致。‎ ‎3. 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于靠近它的词语。‎ ² 英语中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。一般根据句子的形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。 ‎ Ⅱ. 常用的易混的几种情况：‎ ‎1. 主语是不可数名词,动名词, 不定式或从句时,谓语动词用单数。但如主语是两个或以上的不同的的动作就用复数谓语动词。‎ ‎2. and连接的两个作主语的单数名词指同一个人或物时,用单数动词。而由and连接的两个或更多的主语前有each，every，many a/an，no时用单数动词。 ‎ ² 根据提示完成句子。‎ w Smoking is（吸烟是）not a good habit.‎ w To live happily needs（幸福地生活需要）a lot of things.‎ w What I said is（我所说的是）true.‎ w Smoking and drinking are（吸烟与饮酒是）two bad habits. ‎ w How and when she finished the work（她何时、如何完成工作的）is really interesting.‎ w How she met him (她如何遇到他的) and when she married him are important to me.‎ w The singer and song writer（那位歌手兼词作者）is dead.‎ w The science and technology（这种科技）plays（play）an important part in China.‎ w Every boy and girl（每个男孩和女孩）in the class works（工作）very hard.‎ w Each minute and second is（每一分、每一秒都是）valuable to us senior students.‎ ‎3. 主语后跟有with，along with， together with， besides， as well as，but，except等短语时，不算主语成分，谓语动词要和主语一致。‎ ‎4. 由some，any，no，every构成的复合代词和each，either，neither，one， ‎ another，little，a little， much作主语时,谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎5. both，few，a few，several，many及others作主语时，用复数。‎ ² 根据所给动词的正确形式填空：‎ w Jack with his family wants (want) to go to China.‎ w He, as well as you, is (be) very honest.‎ w Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed (kill) in the accident. ‎ w I, along with my 200 students, am (be) interested in the movie.‎ w Each of you is (be) cleverer than me.‎ w Is (be) anybody here?‎ ‎6. all，none，any ，some，more和most代替单数名词，谓语动词用单数；代替复数名词，就用复数动词。同理适用于分数，百分数以及the rest作主语时。‎ ‎7. 就近原则：由or ，either…or，neither…nor，not only…but also连接的两个或以上主语时，动词和最接近的主语一致。there be句型也属此类。‎ ‎8. 若主语是“复数”，“一段时间”，“一笔钱”，“一段距离”，“一个面积”等时用单数谓语动词。‎ ² 用be动词的适当形式填空：‎ w Most of the apple is bad. Most of the apples are bad.‎ w None of this money is yours. None of the people here are teachers.‎ w 20% (of the students) are going to the movie to enjoy the hit.‎ w 60% (of the human body) is water.‎ w There is /are a book and two pens/ two pens and a book in the bag.‎ w You or he is wrong. Are you or he wrong?‎ w Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.‎ w Not only the basketball players but also the coach was very nervous.‎ w Two weeks is enough for me to finish it.‎ w Five thousand dollars is too much.‎ w Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.‎ ‎9. people (人民)，police，cattle (牛群)等常用复动词。有一些集合名词，表示整体就用单数动词，表示其中的个体就用复数谓语。如：family，class，audience，public，team。‎ ‎10. 有些形容词加上the ，用来表示一类人，谓语为复数。‎ ‎11. 像trousers, pants , shorts, glasses, scissors等作主语时,谓语动词用复数；但带有a pair of, a suit of, a set of, a series of等单位词，则由这些单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。‎ ‎12. 但以-s结尾的词并不都是复数： ‎ ² 用be的适当形式填空。‎ w Traffic police are always very busy, especially at the busy streets.‎ w His family was poor and couldn’t afford the tuition.‎ w My family are going on a trip this summer.‎ w The sick here are very well cared for.‎ w This pair of scissors is made in Hangzhou. ‎ w Mathematics is the science of numbers.‎ Þ 综合练习：把下面的句子译成汉语。‎ ‎1. 《战争与和平》（ “War and Peace”）是我读过的最好的书。”War and peace” is the best book（that）I have ever read. ‎ ‎2. 除我以外没有人是学生了。No one but I is a student.‎ ‎3. 两个学生都没有通过考试。Neither students has passed the exam.‎ ‎4. 几个朋友应邀来参加聚会。 Several friends were invited to the party.‎ ‎5. 或者他或者你不得不说出实情。Either he or you have to tell the truth.‎ ‎6. 我们中其余的人都热爱自由胜过世界上其它任何东西。The rest (of us) love freedom than anything in the world.‎ ‎7. 文章的其他部分需要重写。 The rest (of the article) needs rewriting.‎ ‎8. 现在公众逐渐了解了整个报道。The public now come to know the whole story.‎ ‎9. 他的蓝裤子已经穿破了。His blue trousers have worn out.‎ ‎10. 在圣诞节英国人喜欢和家人在一起。The English like to be with families at charismas.‎