【推荐】专题2-3+Grammar&Writing-试题君之K三关2017-2018学年高二英语人教版（选修6）

【推荐】专题2-3+Grammar&Writing-试题君之K三关2017-2018学年高二英语人教版（选修6）

‎ 1. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句 在这类条件句中，条件从句中的谓语部分要用过去完成时，即had+过去分词，主句的谓语部分要用＂should/would/could/might + have + 过去分词＂。 ☞ If I’d left sooner, I’d have been on time. 要是我早点动身的话，我就准时到了。(但我动身太迟了)‎ ‎☞ If you had taken my advice yesterday, you wouldn’t have failed in the exam. 要是你昨天听从了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。‎ ‎☞ If she had received the present, she should have thanked him. 如果她收到了礼物，她应当向他致谢。‎ ‎—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella. ‎ ‎—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we __________.‎ A. hadn’t B. haven’t C. didn’t D. don’t ‎【答案】A ‎2. 有关虚拟条件句的几种情况 ‎（1）如果虚拟条件从句中有had，were，should时，有时可以把if省略，这时从句要用倒装语序。‎ ‎☞ Had I met Li Hua, I could had told him. 如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉他了。‎ ‎☞ Were I you, I would go with them. 如果我是你的话，我就跟他们一起去。‎ ‎__________ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.‎ A. Not being B. Had it not been ‎ C. Without being D. Not having been ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：要不是我生病了，我会对他伸出援助之手的。这里表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，连词if省略了，此时应该把虚拟语气的谓语动词提前，故选B。‎ ‎（2）有些条件句中的主句谓语和从句谓语表示的动作在时间上并不一致，这类句子称为错综时间虚拟条件句。所谓错综时间虚拟条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句即指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，对时态作相应的调整： ☞ If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. 要是昨晚下过雨的话，现在地面就会是湿的。 ‎ ‎（过去→将来）‎ ‎☞ If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the movie last night. 如果我是你，我就不会错过昨天的那部电 ‎ 影。（现在→过去）‎ ‎☞ If Tom should arrive today, he must have started two days ago. 如果汤姆今天到达的话，那他一定在两天前就动身了。（将来→过去）‎ If we __________ a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue. ‎ A. have booked B. booked C. book D. had booked ‎【答案】D ‎（3）有时虚拟语气的条件是通过词或短语表示出来的。‎ ‎ ☞ A gentleman ( If he had been a gentleman he ) wouldn’t have said so. 一位绅士是不会那样说话的。‎ ‎ ☞ Given more time (= If we were given more time ), we would do it better. 如果再给些时间，我们会做得 更好。‎ ‎（4）有些句子虽不含条件从句，但仍用虚拟语气，这类句子称为含蓄条件句。‎ ‎ ☞ I would do anything for her. 我愿意为她做任何事。‎ ‎☞ You might have failed. 你可能会失败。‎ ‎3. 虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用 ‎ （1）as if/as though引导的状语从句或表语从句，有时用虚拟语气。从句内容与现在事实相反，谓语部分用动词的过去式，be动词常用were；从句内容与过去事实相反，谓语部分用＂had+过去分词＂；表示将来的可能性不大，用＂would/might/could+动词原形＂。但如表示确有某种可能，也可不用虚拟语气。‎ ‎ ☞ He talked as if he had been to many places in the world. 他说起话来好像他去过世界上的很多地方。‎ ‎ ☞ It looks as if it might rain. 看上去好像要下雨。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Don’t handle the vase as if it __________ made of steel.‎ ‎ A. is B. were C. has been D. had been ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：拿花瓶的时候不要当它是钢做的一样。as is引导的方式状语从句或表语从句中常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况；又由Don’t handle...可知此处应为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，所以应用be动词的过去式were，故选B。‎ ‎ （2）在＂It is (high/about) time...＂句型中，其后的从句要用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词常用过去式，也可用＂should+动词原形＂，should不能省略。‎ ‎ ☞ It is high time you went there. 你早就该去那儿了。‎ ‎ ☞ It is about time we should have dinner. 我们该吃晚饭了。‎ ‎ Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that __________ something instead of just talking.‎ ‎ A. will do B. has done C. do D. did ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎（3）在＂It is + 形容词/名词+ that...＂句型中，that引导的从句的谓语部分有时为＂should+动词原形＂，should可以省略。‎ ‎☞ It is necessary that we (should) be present. 我们出席是有必要的。‎ ‎☞ It is a pity that Henry (should) be so careless. 真遗憾，亨利竟然这样粗心。‎ ‎（4）在与表示＂请求、建议、命令、要求＂等意义的词相关的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语部分为＂should+动词原形＂，should可以省略。‎ ‎☞ It is suggested that he (should) not spend too much time watching TV. 建议他不要花太多时间看电视。‎ It was ordered that no smoking _________ in the library. ‎ A. be allowed B. would be allowed C. was allowed D. has been allowed ‎【答案】A ‎4. 含有责备及批评语气的虚拟语气 ‎ ＂should/ought to/could/may/might+have+过去分词表示＂过去应该做而未做＂的虚拟语气，该结构的否定形式表示＂过去不该做的事情却做了＂，是一种委婉的责备，语气最强的是should，最弱的是might。‎ ‎ （1）表示委婉批评。‎ ‎ 用于委婉批评的结构为could/may/might have done，常意为＂本可以做某事而未做＂。‎ ‎ ☞ You are late again. You could have come earlier. 你又来晚了，你本该早一些到的。‎ ‎ ☞ You’ve made a few mistakes. You may/might have been a little more careful. 你犯了几个错误，你本应更仔细些的。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ —With a little care I _________ the disaster.‎ ‎—But you were too careless. It is no use crying over split milk, you know.‎ A. could avoid B. could have avoided C. must avoid D. must ‎ have avoided ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据语境可知＂本来是可以避免这场灾难的＂，could have avoided表示＂本可以避免而实际上没有避免＂，而must have avoided的意思是＂肯定已经避免了这场灾难＂，故选B。‎ could have done/been可用来表示推测，意为＂可能已经＂或＂可能是＂，用于表示对过去事情或状况的猜测；也可以表示责备，意为＂本来可以＂，但实际并未发生。如：‎ ‎☞ The accident could have been avoided. 这个事故本来是可以避免的。（责备）‎ ‎☞ My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it? 我的英汉词典不见了。可能是谁拿去了呢?（可能性）‎ ‎（2）表示强烈责备。‎ ‎ 表示强烈责备常用should/ought to have done结构，意为＂本应该做某事却没做＂。‎ ‎ ☞ I have told you many times. You should have done it better. 我已经告诉过你很多遍了，你应该做得更好些。‎ ‎ ☞ You shouldn’t have failed this time. 你这次本不该不及格的。‎ ‎ （3）表示本没必要做某事。‎ ‎ ＂needn’t + have + 过去分词＂结构表示＂做了没必要做的事请＂。‎ ‎ ☞ You needn’t have told him. He has already known about it. 你本来没必要告诉他的。他已经知道那件事了。‎ ‎ ☞ It’s so near. We needn’t have taken a taxi. 这么近，我们当时没有必要坐出租车的。‎ ‎ （4）虚拟语气表示祝愿。 表示祝愿时常用动词原形或＂May+主语+动词原形＂结构。‎ ‎☞ God bless you! 愿上帝保佑你！ ☞ May you be happy！ 祝你快乐！‎ ‎ （5）动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；若表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would/could + have +过去分词；若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望，用would/could＋动词原形。 ☞ I wish I could be of some use. 我希望我能有什么用处。 ‎ ‎☞ We wish he didn’t smoke. 我们希望他不吸烟。 ☞ I wish prices would come down. 我希望物价能降下来。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ As we move into middle age, we look back and wish that we _________ better choices and taken more opportunities.‎ A. would make B. made C. had made D. will make ‎【答案】C ‎1. （2017·北京）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened. ‎ ‎ A. had been put B. were put ‎ ‎ C. should be put D. would be put ‎2.（2016·天津）I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ‎ ‎ _________.‎ ‎ A. were injured ‎ B. would be injured ‎ C. had been injured ‎ D. would have been injured ‎3.（2016·北京）Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _________ me, I could have helped.‎ A. told B. had told ‎ C. were to tell D. would tell ‎4.（2016·浙江）Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths _________ since their highest in 2005.‎ A. had not fallen B. would not fall ‎ C. did not fall D. would not have fallen ‎5.（2015·江苏）It might have saved me some trouble _________ the schedule.‎ A. did I know B. have I known ‎ C. do I know D. had I known ‎6.（2015·北京）If I _________ it with my own eyes, I wouldn’t have believed it.‎ A. didn’t see B. weren’t seeing ‎ C. wouldn’t see D. hadn’t seen ‎7.（2015·天津）I wish I _________ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.‎ A. will be B. would be ‎ C. have been D. had been ‎ ‎8.（2015·重庆）Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway _________ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.‎ A. Didn’t write B. hadn’t written ‎ C. wouldn’t write D. wouldn’t have written Ⅰ. 单项填空 ‎1. —What happened to the young trees we planted last week?‎ ‎ —The trees well, but we didn’t water them.‎ ‎ A. might grow B. needn’t have grown ‎ C. would have grown D. would grow ‎ 2. I through that bitter period without your help.‎ ‎ A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go ‎ C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone ‎3. for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so good as it is.‎ ‎ A. Had it not been B. Were it not C. Be it not D. Should it not be ‎4. I to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available.‎ ‎ A. went B. had gone C. would go D. would have gone ‎5. I’d rather you by train, because I can’t bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.‎ ‎ A. would go B. should go C. went D. had gone ‎6. If it weren’t for the heavy traffic, we the Jay’s concert at the moment.‎ ‎ A. can be enjoying B. must have enjoyed ‎ C. would be enjoying D. should have enjoyed ‎7. But for my English teacher’s help, I first place in the English Speaking Competition.‎ ‎ A. would win B. would have won ‎ C. would not win D. would not have won ‎8. His pale face suggested that he well and I suggested he a rest.‎ ‎ A. didn’t feel; had B. wasn’t feeling; have ‎ C. not feel; have D. hadn’t felt; should have Ⅱ. 短文改错 ‎1．It is essential that he will come to our meeting tomorrow.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it is broken.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3．He gave the advice that we did the work carefully.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4．If only you have listened to my advice.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5．I would rather you do it yourself instead of asking others for help.‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅲ. 完成句子 ‎1．要是我当时向她道歉就好了。‎ ‎ If only I .‎ ‎2．我们早该采取措施来制止污染了。‎ ‎ It's time that .‎ ‎3．他谈起话来好像他去过世界上的很多地方似的。‎ ‎ He talks as if he in the world.‎ ‎4．我们接受了他的建议：我们应该请求老师的帮助。‎ ‎ We followed his advice that we .‎ ‎5．但愿我能知道要发生什么事。‎ ‎ I wish .‎ Ⅳ.仿照例句改写下面的句子 例：If I were in your position，I would pay close attention.‎ ‎ →Were I in your position，I would pay close attention.‎ ‎1．If Jack were here at this moment，he would lend us his car.‎ ‎ →________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．If I had remembered their address，I would have sent them some cards.‎ ‎ →________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．If we were not waiting for a telephone call，we would go downtown.‎ ‎ →________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．If they had recognized her，they would have spoken to her.‎ ‎ →________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．If I had been intending to go shopping，I would have let you know.‎ ‎ →________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎6．If you had seen the movie，you would have liked it.‎ ‎ →________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎7．If it were not snowing，we would go out for a walk.‎ ‎ →________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎8．If it had been raining，we would have used our umbrellas.‎ ‎ →________________________________________________________________________‎ K真题 ‎1. A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话， 这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句用 had done形式，system与put to use是动宾关系，故选A。‎ ‎2. D 【解析】句意：我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带，我就会受伤。 ‎ 使用虚拟语气，根据if条件句用的had done，可知，主句用would ‎ have done表示对过去情况的虚拟，而且I和injure是被动关系。故选D。‎ ‎3. B 【解析】句意：你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到的麻烦？如果你告诉我的话，我就可以帮你了。根据第一句可知，这里是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟，if条件句的时态应该用过去完成时，故选B。‎ ‎4. D 【解析】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从2005年的最高点下降。使用虚拟语气，if条件句用的had done，而且省略if，将had提前，主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选D。‎ ‎5. D 【解析】句意：如果我早知道日程安排，可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中的might have saved可知主句是对过去的虚拟，从句应用if I had known与主句保持一致。if虚拟条件句中含有had时，可将if省去，同时将had提前构成倒装结构。故选D项。‎ ‎6. D 【解析】句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。根据后半句wouldn’t have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。所以从句是if+主语+ had+done的形式。故选D。‎ ‎8. D 【解析】本题考查含蓄虚拟语气，根据语境＂如果没有他的战时经历，海明威不会写出名著《永别了，武器》。＂可知本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟，主句的谓语部分应用would/could/should/might have done的结构，所以选择D。‎ K好题 Ⅰ. 单项填空 ‎1. C【解析】考查虚拟语气。——我们上周种的小树怎么了?——这些小树本来会长得很好,但是我们没有给 它们浇水。根据语境可知,此处是对过去的事实进行假设,故本题选C。‎ ‎2. A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果没有你的帮助我不可能度过那段痛苦的时期。由句意和without可知, 此处为含蓄虚拟语气,主句是对过去事实的虚拟,应用"could/would/might/should have done",故选 A。‎ ‎3. A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是公众的及时投资,我们的公司不会像现在这样好。这里是对过去事 实的虚拟,所以从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时。‎ ‎4. D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:昨晚我本想要去参加我堂妹的生日聚会的,但我没空。"but I was not available" 表示的是过去的真实情况,根据句意可知,空处为与过去情况相反的虚拟语气,应用 "would/might/could/should have done"结构。‎ ‎5. C【解析】考查虚拟语气。在would rather后的宾语从句中,从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时来表示现在或 将来要做的事情,故选C。 ‎ ‎6. C【解析】考查虚拟语气。if条件句中的虚拟若是对现在状况的虚拟,条件句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,be 动词用were,而主句用"should/would/could/might+do",同时根据"at the moment"可知,此处是对正在进行的 状态的虚拟,故选C项。 ‎ ‎7. D【解析】考查虚拟语气。这是一个隐含的虚拟条件句,含有if my English teacher hadn’t helped me with my spoken English之意,此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟,故用与过去相反的虚拟语气,因此D项符合题意。‎ Ⅱ. 短文改错 ‎　1. will→should　 2 . 第二个is→were 3．did→(should) do　‎ ‎ 4.have→had　 5.do→did Ⅲ. 完成句子 ‎1. had apologized to her then ‎2. we took measures to stop pollution ‎3. had been to many places ‎4. should ask our teacher for help ‎5. I knew what was going to happen ‎ Ⅳ.仿照例句改写下面的句子 Writing：如何改写诗歌 ‎ 改写是用不同形式表达同一内容，使之成为与原文意思相同而表现方式、文体不同的作品。改写可以变换文章的人称、顺序，可以改变原文的体裁、结构，也可以灵活运用自己的语言，尽可能用多种方法来表达、替换原文中的内容。诗歌改写应该注意以下几点：‎ ‎1. 改写必须忠实于原作的中心思想。这就要求想象和联想要符合原作精神，不能任意想象，漫无边际。‎ ‎2. 诗歌用词比较精练、含蓄，感情色彩较浓厚，也就是说它们的内在含义比较丰富，改写者有发挥想象的余地，可以把原作简洁的词句展开成具体的景象，形成一篇与主题相关的文章。‎ ‎3. 改写要注意创作性。改写是再创作的过程。作者并不是单纯的翻译诗歌，不能仅就诗歌的内容进行简单的扩充，而是要进一步展开种种想象，使人物形象有血有肉、栩栩如生，使故事情节更加完整生动。‎ ‎4. 改写时可以插入丰富的想象，将原来文中没有的东西，如人物的表情、动作、语言、神态和行为等都加进去，在没有改变原作主题思想的基础上，写成一篇完整的文章。‎ 总之，诗歌改写应该把握原文的主题，用通俗易懂的语言进行创作，加入自己的语言，使文章符合主题，流畅易懂。‎ ‎1．The poem is written by the famous writer...‎ ‎ 这首诗是由著名的诗人……写的。‎ ‎2．It rhymes at the end of the every line.‎ ‎ 这首诗歌在每一行的末尾押韵。‎ ‎3．We can appreciate the image of...through the piece of poem.‎ ‎ 我们可以通过这首诗歌欣赏到……的意境。‎ ‎4．In the poem，we can sense/find...‎ ‎ 在诗歌中，我们能够意识到/发现……‎ ‎5．The writer expressed his/her feeling of...in the poem.‎ ‎ 作者在诗歌中表达了自己……的感情。‎ ‎6．This poem has successfully touched the hearts of the readers.‎ ‎ 这首诗歌成功地触动了读者的心弦。‎ ‎ 请根据下面的英文短诗，展开适当的想象，写一篇短文，标题为 ‎＂My Teacher Mr Moore＂。‎ My Teacher Mr Moore There’s a teacher Mr Moore.‎ Who is lovely and thirty-four.‎ Always encouraging us to try.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　He leads us to a world of ＂why＂.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 We all admire him more and more.‎ 注意：1. 不得照抄短诗原文。‎ ‎2. 必须结合短诗的内容，发挥想象，适当展开。‎ ‎3. 必须突出短诗的主题，结构完整，语意连贯。‎ ‎4. 短文不能写成诗歌形式。‎ ‎5. 词数：120左右。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【思路点拨】‎ 本篇作文可以按总—分—‎ 总的结构分三段进行描写。时态可用一般现在时描述一些客观情况，人称可用第三人称。第一段描述老师的外貌；第二段写老师对我们的教导，最后一段总结。‎ ‎【遣词造句】‎ Ⅰ.词汇 ‎1. 灵活的_________________ 2. 鼓励_________________‎ ‎3. 钦佩_________________ 4. 与……相比_________________‎ ‎5. 注意_________________ 6. 尤其_________________‎ ‎7. 提出_________________ 8. 与……交换……_________________‎ Ⅱ.句式 ‎1. Mr Moore是给我留下最深刻印象的一个老师。‎ Mr Moore is one of the teachers ________________________________________.‎ ‎2. 与其他老师相比，Mr Moore更加注意使用灵活的教学方法。‎ Mr Moore pays more attention to using flexible methods of teaching _______________________________ other teachers.‎ ‎3. 他运用各种方法使他的课生动有趣。‎ He tries various ways _________________________ lively and interesting.‎ ‎4. 他鼓励我们独立思考，而不是马上给我们提供答案。‎ Instead of giving us answers immediately, he encourages us to think by ourselves ________________________‎ ‎________________________.‎ ‎【答案】‎ Ⅰ.词汇 ‎1. flexible 2. encourage 3. admire 4. compared with/to　‎ ‎5. pay attention to 6. in particular 7. put forward 8. exchange...with...‎ Ⅱ.句式 ‎1. who impresses me most 2. compared with ‎ ‎3. to make his lessons 4. whenever he puts forward questions ‎【参考范文】‎ ‎ ‎