江苏省常熟市2020届高三学习情况调查英语试题 Word版含解析

江苏省常熟市2020届高三学习情况调查英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com 高三学生“线上教育”学习情况调查 英语 注意事项:‎ ‎1.本试卷分为第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)，满分 120 分。考试时间 120 分钟。‎ ‎2.请将第一卷的答案填涂在答题卡上，第二卷请直接在答题卡上规定的地方作答。答题前，务必将自己的学 校、姓名、考试号等相关信息写在答题卡上规定的地方。‎ 第 I 卷 (选择题，共 85 分)‎ 第一部分:听力理解 (共两节，满分 20 分)‎ 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)‎ 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下 一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ Where does this conversation most probably take place?‎ A. In a doctor’s office. B. In an operation room. C. In a professor’s office.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ 原文】M: I have an appointment to see Dr. Green.‎ W: Please wait here, that is, the doctor’s office. He is doing an operation in that building right now. You can meet him before he enters the professor’s office.‎ ‎2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What is the relationship between the speakers?‎ A. They are friends. B. They are cousins. C. They are brother and sister.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: What would you like for your birthday, Sis?‎ - 39 -‎ W: The iPhone 11.‎ M: That’s a pretty expensive gift! Do you think Mom and Dad will buy it for you?‎ W: No, but I’m hoping Aunt Jessy will.‎ ‎3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What will the speakers probably eat for lunch?‎ A. Noodles. B. Sandwiches. C. Pizzas.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: I don’t want to eat another sandwich for lunch.‎ W: Me neither. Shall we eat noodles?‎ M: OK, though I was thinking of pizza.‎ ‎4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What might the woman be good at?‎ A. Taking care of elderly people. B. Looking after small children.‎ C. Teaching people how to find a job.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: I am looking for someone who has taken care of elderly people before. Do you have any experience?‎ W: I’m sorry. My experience is with small children. I’m afraid I will not be suitable for the job.‎ ‎5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ How much will the man pay for the tickets?‎ A. 70 dollars. B. 20 dollars. C. 50 dollars.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Excuse me. How much is the ticket for the film?‎ W: The full price is 35 dollars. For students, it is 10 dollars off.‎ M: OK. Can I have two tickets, please? Here are our student cards.‎ 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)‎ - 39 -‎ 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每 小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎6. What does the man say about the flat?‎ A. It is unfurnished.‎ B. It has two bathrooms.‎ C. It is near the public transportation.‎ ‎7. What will the woman do next?‎ A. Check her schedule. B. Go to see the flat. C. Rent the flat.‎ ‎【答案】6. C 7. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Hello.‎ W: Good morning. I’m phoning about your flat for rent. Could you tell me more about it?‎ M: Certainly. It’s a two-bedroom flat on the ground floor. It’s very close to stores and restaurants. The movie theater and the park are further away, but the flat is within walking distance of public transportation.‎ W: Hmm, very good. Is the flat furnished or unfurnished?‎ M: Fully furnished.‎ W: Great. I’d like to come and see it. When would it be convenient?‎ M: Well, let me have a check.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎8. What is the woman asked to help with?‎ A. Entertainment. B. Decoration. C. Food.‎ ‎9. What kinds of food does the man suggest for the party?‎ A. Chinese and Western. B. Chinese and Thai. C. Western and Indian.‎ - 39 -‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Can I help you? It looks like you’re working hard.‎ M: I’m planning the class graduation party. Want to help?‎ W: Sure. Do you need help with food, entertainment, or setting up the room?‎ M: You can help me with the food, I think.‎ W: OK. Is the party going to be formal?‎ M: Let’s make it informal. After all, we’re inviting our parents. They might like a break from dressing up for work.‎ W: OK. What kind of food should I buy? Chinese? Western? Indian? Thai?‎ M: We should probably have both of the first two.‎ W: Those will be easy to get.‎ M: I’m trying to decide if we should have games or a singing contest.‎ W: Maybe we could do both!‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎10. What does the man bring with him?‎ A. Two large bags.‎ B. A large bag and a small bag.‎ C. One large and two small bags.‎ ‎11. What kind of seat will the man take?‎ A. One in the middle. B. One in the left row. C. One next to a window.‎ ‎12. When will the plane take off?‎ A. At 10:00. B. At 10:15. C. At 10:50.‎ ‎【答案】10. B 11. C 12. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Your backpack seems very heavy. I’m afraid that you will have to have it checked.‎ M: No problem. What about this small bag?‎ - 39 -‎ W: You can take it with you. What kind of seat would you like, one next to the window or one in the middle?‎ M: I’d like to have a good view from the window during the flight.‎ W: I’ll give you a seat next to the window in the right row. And here is your ticket, boarding pass and luggage check. Please get on the plane at Gate 20.‎ M: Thank you. And what is the latest time for me to get on the plane?‎ W: At 10 o’clock, fifteen minutes before the plane takes off. The plane is leaving on time.‎ M: Thank you very much.‎ W: You’re welcome. Have a nice trip!‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎13. Why does the man come to the store?‎ A. To shop for a new bike.‎ B. To have his bike repaired.‎ C. To change smaller wheels for his bike.‎ ‎14. What does the woman suggest the man do?‎ A. Trade in his bike for a new one. B. Change the bike’s frame instead. C. Give the bike back to his cousin.‎ ‎15. What will the man probably do?‎ A. Get a new bike right away.‎ B. Come back tomorrow with his bike.‎ C. Shop around for a better price.‎ ‎16. How does the man feel in the end?‎ A. Satisfied. B. Disappointed. C. Puzzled.‎ ‎【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Hi, there! Did you have any questions about our bikes?‎ M: Yeah. Do you work on bicycles in addition to selling them?‎ W: Oh, yes, we can handle any repairs you may need.‎ - 39 -‎ M: That’s great, but what I need is not exactly a repair. My cousin gave me a road bike, but I’m not tall enough to ride it. Can you put smaller wheels on it?‎ W: We could do that, but I wouldn’t recommend it, because you would have to use your legs more to go the same distance. You’d be better off buying a bike that’s the right size for you.‎ M: I was afraid you’d say that. You see, my cousin’s bike is a very expensive model. It’s a really nice bike.‎ W: Have you considered trading the bike in? We do buy and sell used bikes, and I can give you a fair price for any trade-in.‎ M: Really? That would be great! How much can you give me for the bike?‎ W: If it’s in good shape, probably at least 50% of its original value.‎ M: Terrific! If you’re here tomorrow, I’ll bring it in then.‎ W: OK.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎17. What does the speaker mainly talk about?‎ A. A toy buyer. B. A toy creator. C. A toy factory.‎ ‎18. How many pieces is the Empire State Building made up of ?‎ A. 1,000. B. 10,000. C. 100,000.‎ ‎19. What is Roger?‎ A. A repairman. B. A cleaner. C. A designer.‎ ‎20. What are little yellow men and women?‎ A. Toys. B. Machines. C. Workers.‎ ‎【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Welcome to the Lego Toy Factory. We started making the toy here in 1949. Here is a display of Windsor Castle, in England. This is the Empire State Building in the United States, made up of 10,000 pieces. You can see similar displays in stores around the world. You are standing in the original factory where Lego was born, right here in Denmark. The first thing you will notice is that they are made entirely by - 39 -‎ ‎ machines. There are about 1,000 in total. The bricks start out as tiny pieces of plastic in these 14 different colored tubes. Then the plastic is melted at 200 degrees. Next, we cool them and shape them into different sizes. This process takes about 10 seconds. We make about 200 million pieces every hour and 15 billion per year. This is Roger, the creative mind behind all our Lego sets and creations. He is one of only ten people that work at factory every day. This includes those who repair the machines and our cleaning staff. The only other people here are the thousands of little yellow men and women we make every hour. Amazing, isn’t it?‎ 第二部分:英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 35 分)‎ 第一节 单项选择 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、 B、 C 、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎21.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.‎ A. original B. ambiguous C. explicit D. arbitrary ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：他的全面调查提供了最明确的陈述，说明了数据是如何收集的，是基于什么基础收集的。A. original原始的；B. ambiguous模糊的，有歧义的；C. explicit明确的；D. arbitrary武断的。根据下文的“说明了数据是如何收集的，是基于什么基础收集的”可知，他的陈述很明确清晰。故选C。‎ ‎22.I’m well aware that I shouldn’t have got angry with John-He me; he really meant it for the best.‎ A. hadn’t criticized B. wasn’t criticizing C. hadn’t been criticizing D. wouldn’t criticize ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：我很清楚我不应该生约翰的气--他不是在批评我，他真的是出于好意。根据shouldn’t have - 39 -‎ ‎ got和meant可知用过去时。分析句意可知，本句描述的过去正在发生的事情，故应用过去进行时。故选B。‎ ‎23.When you feel on the point of exploding, try to the focus away from anger by thinking of something pleasant.‎ A. withdraw B. delete C. squeeze D. switch ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当你感觉快要爆炸的时候，试着通过想一些愉快的事情来把焦点从愤怒中转移出来。A. withdraw撤退；B. delete删除；C. squeeze挤出；D. switch转移。分析句意可知，此处指的是把愤怒转移出来。故选D。‎ ‎24.—What did you say you were reluctant to risk just now?‎ ‎—_________ to high levels of radiation.‎ A. Being exposed B. Having been exposed C. To be exposed D. Exposed ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查省略句和动名词。句意：---你刚才说你不愿意冒险做什么？---我不愿意冒险暴露在高辐射下。分析句子可知，本句为省略句，还原为：we were reluctant to risk being done。risk 后接动名词做宾语，本句使用动名词的被动形式，being exposed。故A选项正确。‎ ‎25.There are certain historic occasions ________ are likely to remind people of what happened in the past and set people reflecting on them.‎ A. when B. that C. where D. what ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 考查关系代词。句意：有些历史性的场合很可能提醒人们过去发生的事情，并引起人们对他们的反思。分析句子，判断空格后是定语从句，先行词是occasions（场合），指事物，从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词that；而when和where是关系副词，what不引导定语从句，故选B。‎ ‎26.The man hid himself behind the door waiting no other people could see him - 39 -‎ ‎ negotiating with his manager about his promotion.‎ A. so that B. in that C. in case D. now that ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词。句意：那个人躲在门后等着，为了没有人能看到他和经理商谈升职事宜。A. so that 为了，因此，所以；B. in that因为，由于；C. in case以防万一；D. now that既然。分析句意可知，设空处是一个目的状语从句，表示“为了没有人能看到他和经理商谈升职事宜”。结合选项，故选A。‎ ‎27.- How long is it you picked up your badminton training?‎ ‎- It was not until my finance became better in last December I started the training.‎ A. that; when B. until; that C. since; that D. before; when ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词和强调句型。句意：你重新练习羽毛球有多久了？--直到去年十二月份，我的资金状况好转了，我才开始训练的。分析句子可知，问句表示的意思是“从你重新练习羽毛球到现在有多久了？”可知答案是since；答语中被强调部分是时间状语not until my finance became better in last December，是it is/was not until…that的强调句。故应用that。故选C。‎ ‎28.To realize his dream as a pianist, he________ practicing playing it in all his free time.‎ A. hired himself out B. threw himself into C. resigned himself to D. wrestled himself with ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了实现自己钢琴家的梦想，在所有的空闲时间他全身心投入到练习中去。A. hire oneself out表示“雇佣自己”；B. throw oneself into表示“全身心投入”；C. resign oneself to表示“使听从于，顺从”；D. wrestle oneself with表示“全力对付，拼搏”。此处表示为了梦想全身心练习，故选B.‎ - 39 -‎ ‎29. to the association of success with money that the thought of giving up good salary for an idea seems like a little bit crazy.‎ A. Accustomed as are most of us B. Accustomed as most of us are C. So accustomed are most of us D. So accustomed most of us are ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查倒装句。句意：我们大部分人是如此习惯于把成功与金钱联系起来，以至于放弃高薪水的想法好像有点疯狂。本句运用了so…that，表示“如此……以至于”，在so…that 结构中，当so位于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。故选C。‎ ‎30. the shortage of time, the chairman decided that each candidate should finish the speech within five minutes.‎ A. In view of B. In response to C. In contrast to D. In terms of ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语。句意：考虑到时间紧迫，主席决定每位候选人应在五分钟内完成演讲。A. In view of由于，考虑到；B. In response to回应；C. In contrast to与……对比；D. In terms of就…而言。分析句意可知，此处表示由于时间紧迫。故选A。‎ ‎31.He must have been out of sense when he did that, he?‎ A. hasn’t B. mustn’t C. didn’t D. wasn’t ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：他那样做的时候一定是疯了，是吗?must have done表示对过去的肯定推测，且陈述部分为肯定句，故应用wasn’t he？。结合选项，故选D。‎ ‎32.I had wanted to rush outside and leave all the frustrating things behind but something told me I had to stay and face the music.‎ A. reluctantly B. desperately C. essentially D. fundamentally ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ - 39 -‎ ‎【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：我曾拼命地想冲出去，把所有令人沮丧的事情都抛在脑后，但有件事告诉我，我必须留下来面对现实。A. reluctantly不情愿地；B. desperately拼命地；C. essentially根本上；D. fundamentally根本地，基础地。分析句意可知，此处表示“拼命地”。故选B。‎ ‎33.He’s never thought of getting addicted to drugs and destructive dangers they will bring him.‎ A. how B. whether C. whose D. what ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他从来没有想过会对毒品上瘾，也没有想过毒品会给他带来毁灭性的危险。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，做thought of 的宾语，且空格处修饰中心词dangers，意为“什么”，和him共同在从句中作bring的宾语，故用what引导该从句。故选D。‎ ‎34.All the passengers, according to the new regulation, before boarding the subway.‎ A. are to be inspected B. are going to be inspected C. will be inspected D. are about to be inspected ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：根据最新根据规定，所有乘客，在乘坐地铁之前都要被检查。分析句子可知，The passengers与inspect是被动关系；根据句中的“according to the new regulation”得出，be to do此处意为“必须”。结合选项，故选A。‎ ‎35.-Did you take sides when Mom and Dad were arguing again?‎ ‎-No. I’ve learnt that it’s best to until it blows over.‎ A. call it a day B. pull their legs C. sit on the fence D. wash my hands off ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——当爸爸妈妈又吵起来的时候，你支持哪一方?--不。我明白了最好还是保持中立，直到事情平息下来。A. call it a day今天到此为止；B. pull their - 39 -‎ ‎ legs拖后腿；C. sit on the fence保持中立；D. wash my hands off洗手。分析句意可知，此处表示“保持中立”。结合选项，故选C。‎ 第二节 完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ I come from one of those families where you have to yell at the dinner table to get in a word. Everyone has a strong ____36____ , and talks at the same time, and no one has a ____37____ leading to heated arguments. We often talk or even ____38____ with each other on different topics. ____39____ a family like mine has made me more ____40____ about the world around me, making me tend to question anything anyone tells me. But it has also made me realize that I’m not a good listener. And when I say “listening”, I’m not ___41___ to the nodding-your-head-and-_____42_____ -answering-Uh-huh-or-Ooh-I-see variety. I mean the kind of listening where you find yourself deeply _____43_____ with the person you’re speaking with, when his story becomes so _____44_____that your world becomes less about you and more about him. No, I was never very good at that.‎ I spent summer in South Africa two years ago. I worked for a good non-profit organization called Noah, which works ____45____ on behalf of children affected by AIDS. But ____46____ you asked me what I really did in South Africa, I’d tell you one thing: I listened, and I listened. Sometimes I ____47____ , but mostly listened.‎ And had I not spent two months ____48____ , I might have missed the ____49____ moment when a quiet little girl at one of Noah’s community centers, orphaned(孤儿)at the age of three, whispered after a long ___50___ , “I love you.”‎ ‎___51___ that summer, I knew how to hear. I could sit down with anyone and hear their ____52____ and nod and respond at the _____53_____ time-but most of the time I was ____54____ about the next words out of my own mouth. Ever since my summer in South Africa, I have noticed that it’s in those moments when my mouth is closed and my ____55____ is wide open that I’ve learned the most about other people, and perhaps about myself.‎ ‎36. A. qualification B. influence C. assumption D. opinion - 39 -‎ ‎37. A. problem B. commitment C. schedule D. request ‎38. A. discuss B. debate C. consult D. compromise ‎39. A. Bringing up B. Growing up C. Belonging to D. Believing in ‎40. A. anxious B. curious C. nervous D. concerned ‎41. A. objecting B. appealing C. turning D. referring ‎42. A. rudely B. loudly C. politely D. deliberately ‎43. A. quarreling B. meeting C. competing D. identifying ‎44. A. vivid B. entertaining C. mind-numbing D. time-consuming ‎45. A. effortlessly B. timelessly C. aimlessly D. tirelessly ‎46. A. unless B. although C. if D. because ‎47. A. worked B. spoke C. wept D. applauded ‎48. A. working B. traveling C. listening D. studying ‎49. A. astonishing B. fascinating C. frustrating D. touching ‎50. A. delay B. silence C. journey D. course ‎51. A. Before B. After C. Since D. Except ‎52. A. needs B. stories C. comments D. cases ‎53. A. valuable B. free C. right D. same ‎54. A. talking B. thinking C. learning D. arguing ‎55. A. mind B. spirit C. sympathy D. family ‎【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. B 41. D 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. B 51. A 52. B 53.‎ - 39 -‎ ‎ C 54. B 55. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者生活在一个家人经常互相交谈和争论的家庭，对外面的世界和好奇，常常质疑一切，不知道倾听的好处，但是在南非的两个月学会了倾听，从倾听中学到了很多知识。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都有很强的观点，同时又想要说话。A. qualification资格；B. influence影响；C. assumption假设；D. opinion观点。根据上文“you have to yell at the dinner table to get in a word”可知，每个人都有很强的发表意见及谈话的愿望。故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且每个人都能导致激烈的争论。A. problem问题；B. commitment承诺；C. schedule计划，日程；D. request要求。根据下文“We often talk or even ____3____ with each other on different topics.”可知，每个人都有可能引起一场争论，即导致一场辩论毫无问题。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们经常就不同的话题相互交谈，甚至辩论。A. discuss讨论；B. debate辩论；C. consult咨询；D. compromise屈服。根据上文可知，作者的家人经常就不同的话题相互交谈，甚至辩论。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我就属于这样一个家庭。A. Bringing up抚养；B. Growing up长大；C. Belonging to属于；D. Believing in相信。根据上文可知，作者就生活在一个家人经常互相交谈和争论的家庭。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我对周围的世界更加好奇。A. anxious焦虑的；B. curious好奇的；C. nervous紧张的；D. concerned担忧的。根据上下文可知，生活在一个家人经常互相交谈和争论的家庭，让作者对周围的世界很好奇。故选B。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我说“倾听”的时候，我指的不是那种点头礼貌地回答-嗯-嗯-或者哦。A. objecting反对；B. appealing吸引；C. turning转向；D. referring指的是。‎ - 39 -‎ refer to固定搭配，意为“指的是”。分析句意可知，作者所说的“倾听”并不是指那种点头礼貌地回答。故选D。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我说“倾听”的时候，我指的不是那种点头礼貌地回答-嗯-嗯-或者哦。A. rudely粗鲁的；B. loudly大声地；C. politely礼貌地；D. deliberately故意地。分析上下文以及常识可知，此处指的是礼貌地回答。故选C。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的意思是，当你发现自己深深地认同与你交谈的人时。A. quarreling争吵；B. meeting遇见；C. competing竞争；D. identifying识别。identify with为固定短语，意为“认可；认同”。分析上下文可知，作者所谓的“倾听”指的是认同和你说话的人。故选D。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他的故事变得如此生动，你的世界变得更多关于他，而不是关于你的时候，你就会发现自己在倾听。A. vivid生动的；B. entertaining使娱乐；C. mind-numbing 令人心烦意乱的；D. time-consuming耗时的。根据下文“that your world becomes less about you and more about him”可知，与你说话的人的故事如此的生动，故你会更多的关注他而不是你自己。故选A。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我为一家名为诺亚(Noah)优秀非营利性组织工作，该组织不知疲倦地为受艾滋病影响的儿童工作。A. effortlessly毫不费力地；B. timelessly不定期地；C. aimlessly 漫无目的地；D. tirelessly不知疲倦地。根据上文“优秀非营利性组织”可知，诺亚(Noah)不知疲倦地为受艾滋病影响的儿童工作。故选D。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但如果你问我在南非到底做了什么，我会告诉你一件事：我倾听着。A. unless除非；B. although尽管；C. if如果；D. because因为。根据下文“I'd tell you one thing: I listened, and I listened.”可知，此处是一个条件句，表示“如果你问我在南非到底做了什么”。故选C。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我会说话，但大部分时间都在听。A. worked工作；B. spoke说话；C. wept哭泣；D. applauded鼓掌。根据下文“but mostly listened - 39 -‎ ‎”可知，此处应是与“倾听”相反的，自然是说话。故选B。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不是我花了两个月的时间倾听，我可能会错过一个感人的时刻。A. working工作；B. traveling旅行；C. listening倾听；D. studying学习。根据上文可知，作者在南非学会了倾听。故此处应表示“如果不是我花了两个月的时间倾听”。故选C。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果不是我花了两个月的时间倾听，我可能会错过一个感人的时刻。A. astonishing令人惊讶的；B. fascinating迷人的；C. frustrating沮丧的；D. touching令人感动的。根据下文可知，当一个三岁的孤儿，低声地说“我爱你”时可知，这是一个令人感动的时刻。故选D。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：沉默了很长时间后低声说：“我爱你”。A. delay延迟；B. silence沉默；C. journey旅行；D. course课程。根据下文的“whispered”可知，应该是好长一段时间的不说话，即沉默。故选B。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：在那个夏天之前，我知道怎么去听。A. Before 在……之前；B. After在……之后；C. Since自从；D. Except除了。根据上下文可知，作者在去南非之前只知道听到了什么，而不懂得“倾听”。故选A。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以和任何人坐下来，听听他们的故事，在适当的时候点头回应。A. needs需要；B. stories故事；C. comments评论；D. cases情况，实例。根据上下文可知，作者只知道别人说了什么，可以与任何人坐下来听故事。故选B。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可以和任何人坐下来，听听他们的故事，在适当的时候点头回应。A. valuable 有价值的；B. free免费的；C. right正确的；D. same相同的。根据上下文可知，此处表示坐下来听故事，在适当的时候回应。故选C。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但大多数时候我都在想接下来的话。A. talking 谈话；B. thinking思考；C. learning学习；D. arguing - 39 -‎ 争论。根据上下文可知，此处表示作者可以和任何人坐下来，听他们讲故事，在适当的时候回应。但是在大多数时候作者都是在想下一句应该说的话。故选B。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我注意到，正是在我闭上嘴、敞开心扉的那些时刻，我对别人了解得最多，也许也对我自己了解得最多。A. mind思想；B. spirit精神；C. sympathy同情；D. family家庭。根据上下文可知，此处表示作者意识到，当他闭上嘴巴不说话的时候，他的思想是敞开的。故选A。‎ 第三部分:阅读理解 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Over the years, the term Wall Street has come to represent the world of high finance, but it’s also just a street! And before that, it was actually a wall--hence the name.‎ The wall used to protect New Yorkers from attacks by Native American Indians. But eventually, the English knocked the wall down. There are a number of important landmarks on Wall Street. Here are a few of them.‎ TRINITY CHURCH Trinity Church is located at the intersection of Wall Street and Broadway. The original church was destroyed in the Great New York City fire of 1776. The current church was built in 1846. These days, Trinity Church has several choirs, and offers free classical and contemporary music concerts.‎ FEDERAL HALL NATIONAL MEMORIAL Federal Hall was built in 1700 as New York’s City Hall. Later, it became the first capitol building of the United States of America. It was the place where George Washington was inaugurated as the first president of the United States in 1789, and it is also where the United - 39 -‎ ‎ States Bill of Rights was drafted. These days, the building is run by the National Park Service as a museum commemorating the historic events.‎ THE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE The New York Stock Exchange is a neo-classical building located at 11 Wall Street. It is the world’s largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies. You can visit the building and watch from the third floor as traders buy and sell shares from companies around the world.‎ BANKERS TRUST COMPANY BUILDING At 14 Wall Street you can find the Bankers Trust Company Building. It’s a 227-metre skyscraper that occupies an entire block. The building was originally the headquarters of Bankers Trust. These days, it serves as the American headquarters of Deutsche Bank.‎ ‎56. How did Wall Street acquire its name?‎ A. Local New Yorkers named it after a certain man.‎ B. Some Native American Indians gave it the name C. The street got its name due to the original architecture there.‎ D. The English adopted the name in memory of the original wall.‎ ‎57. Among the important landmarks, which used to stage certain political events?‎ A. Trinity Church.‎ B. Federal Hall National Memorial.‎ C. The New York Stock Exchange.‎ - 39 -‎ D. Bankers Trust Company Building.‎ ‎【答案】56. C 57. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了华尔街的一些地标建筑。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中Over the years, the term Wall Street has come to represent the world of high finance, but it’s also just a street! And before that, it was actually a wall--hence the name.（多年来，华尔街这个词已经代表了高端金融的世界，但它也只是一条街！在那之前，它实际上是一堵墙——因此得名）。由此可知，华尔街是因其原有的建筑而得名。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章FEDERAL HALL NATIONAL MEMORIAL中Federal Hall was built in 1700 as New York’s City Hall. Later, it became the first capitol building of the United States of America. It was the place where George Washington was inaugurated as the first president of the United States in 1789, and it is also where the United States Bill of Rights was drafted. These days, the building is run by the National Park Service as a museum commemorating the historic events.（联邦大厅建于1700年，当时是纽约的市政厅。后来，它成为美利坚合众国的第一座国会大厦。这里是1789年乔治·华盛顿就任美国第一任总统的地方，也是《美国人权法案》起草的地方。如今，这座建筑由国家公园管理局(National Park Service)管理，是一座纪念历史事件的博物馆。）由此可知推断出， Federal Hall National Memorial曾经是某些政治事件的舞台。结合选项，故选B。‎ B The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn’t leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however - 39 -‎ ‎ long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.‎ While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars (and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.‎ Do we want to copy - or even worsen - the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport - an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing (叫车)services.‎ A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues (责任与维护问题). But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.‎ Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move - 39 -‎ ‎ more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.‎ ‎58. As for driverless cars, what is the author’s major concern?‎ A. Safety. B. Side effects. C. Management. D. Affordability.‎ ‎59. What does the underlined word “fielded” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?‎ A. Shared. B. Replaced. C. Reduced. D. Employed.‎ ‎60. What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars?‎ A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Disapproving. D. Sympathetic.‎ ‎【答案】58. C 59. D 60. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关无人驾驶汽车的发展前景和面临的问题。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.(是好是坏，这取决于如何监管这种转变)以及最后一段中Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today.(政策制定者现在应该开始思考，如何确保无人驾驶汽车的出现不会扩大我们今天的汽车控制交通系统的最糟糕方面）。由此可知，关于无人驾驶汽车，作者最担心的是管理问题。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上句中Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. 和本句中的 by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues可知，无人驾驶汽车拥有排放少和交通便宜的优势，再加上考虑到自动驾驶技术的成本以及责任和维护问题，所以推测第一批商用无人驾驶汽车肯定会采用代驾服务。故划线词应是“采用，雇佣”等类似词义。结合选项，应选D。‎ - 39 -‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.（即将到来的技术进步为城市和国家提供了发展交通系统的机会，这些交通系统的设计是为了让更多的人出行，而且更经济。未来的汽车就要来了。我们只需要做好准备）。由此可推断出，对于无人驾驶车的未来，作者的态度还是比较积极的。结合选项，故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是阅读题中常见的出题形式。做这类题时，要根据词、词组或句子所在的语境，即上下文来判断其意义。例如本题第2小题，根据上句中Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing.和本句中 by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues (责任与维护问题).可知，无人驾驶汽车拥有排放少和交通便宜的优势，再加上考虑到自动驾驶技术的成本以及责任和维护问题，所以推测第一批商用无人驾驶汽车肯定会采用代驾服务。故划线词应是“采用，雇佣”等类似词义。‎ C You’re walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps. Undoubtedly, it means that there’s someone around. But have you ever wondered why it occurs to us that it’s someone else’s footsteps, not ours?‎ According to a new study published in the journal Nature in September, this phenomenon arises from a function in our brain to ignore the noise we make ourselves.‎ In order to explore how our brain does this, a group of scientists carried out an experiment with mice at Duke University. The research entered on an intuition-that we are usually unaware of the sound of our own footsteps-as a vehicle for understanding larger neural phenomena; how this behavior reveals the ability to monitor, recognize, and remember the sound of one’s own movements in relation to those of their larger environments.‎ In the experiment, research controlled the sounds of a group of mice could hear, reported Science Daily. During the first several days, the mice would hear the same sound each time they took a step. This was just like “running on a tiny piano with each key playing exactly the same note”, senior study author Richard Mooney, a ‎ - 39 -‎ professor of neurobiology at Duke University, told Live Science.‎ Scientists found that their auditory cortex (听觉皮层) – the area of the brain that processes sound –became active at first but decreased its response to the sound after two or three minutes when the mice became familiar with it.‎ ‎“ It’s almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter (过滤) out the sound of their own movements.” David Schneider, an assistant professor at the Center for Neutral Science at New York University, told HuffPost.‎ But once the sound changed, their auditory cortex became active again. This suggests that the “sensory filter” in a mouse’s brain could help it detect new sounds or abnormal noise in the environment easily after tuning out familiar sounds.‎ ‎“For mice, this is really important,” said Schneider. “They are prey animals, so they really need to be able to listen for a cat creeping up on them, even when they’re walking and making noise.‎ Being able to ignore the sounds of one’s own movements is likely important for humans as well. But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important for more complex human behaviors such as speaking or playing an instrument.‎ ‎“When we learn to speak or to play music, we predict what sounds we are going to hear – such as when we prepare to strike keys on a piano – and we compare this to what we actually hear, “explains Schneider. “We use mismatches between expectation and experience to change how we play – and we get better over time because our brain is trying to minimize these errors.”‎ ‎61. What can be discovered about mice in the experiment?‎ A. Their brain responds inactively to the familiar sounds B. They are able to detect sounds other animals don’t notice.‎ C. They cannot identify different sounds except their own footsteps.‎ D. Different areas of their brain are responsible for different sounds.‎ ‎62. What’s the function of the sensory filter?‎ A. Ignoring the sounds made by our companions.‎ B Getting used to abnormal or unfamiliar sounds.‎ - 39 -‎ C. Identifying the sounds from a larger environment.‎ D. Being sensitive to the sounds of our own movement.‎ ‎63. Why can a good symphony conductor immediately recognize it when a wrong note is played?‎ A. He has the ability to match the wrong note with the instrument player.‎ B. He has an intuition that he should ignore the sound of his own movement.‎ C. He has a low expectation and knows where players are likely to make errors.‎ D. He has a good prediction of how each note should be played in the orchestra.‎ ‎64. What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A. Noise-filtering ability ensures us a quiet and undisturbed environment.‎ B. The ability to ignore familiar noises helps to detect potential dangers.‎ C. The activeness of auditory cortex determines our activity performance.‎ D. Sound-predicting ability seems not so important for humans as for animals.‎ ‎【答案】61. A 62. C 63. D 64. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了根据9月份发表在《自然》杂志上的一项新研究表明人类拥有忽视熟悉的噪音的能力，即忽视我们自己发出的噪音，文章说明了得出这一结论的实验过程，实验结果说明能够忽视自己动作的声音对人类来说很重要。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第四段中This suggests that the “sensory filter” in a mouse’s brain could help it detect new sounds or abnormal noise in the environment easily after tuning out familiar sounds.（这表明，老鼠大脑中的“感觉过滤器”可以帮助它在排除熟悉的声音后，更容易地检测到环境中的新声音或异常噪音）。由此可知，老鼠的大脑对熟悉的声音反应迟钝。结合选项，故选A。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第五段中It’s almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter (过滤) out the sound of their own movements.（这就像他们戴着特殊的耳机，可以过滤掉自己运动的声音）。由此可以推断出，这种过滤器可以识别来自大环境中的声音。结合选项，故选C。‎ - 39 -‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中Being able to ignore the sounds of one’s own movements is likely important for humans as well. But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important for more complex human behaviors such as speaking or playing an instrument.（能够忽略自己动作的声音对人类来说可能也很重要。但是，预测我们自己行动的声音的能力，对于更复杂的人类行为，比如说话或演奏乐器也很重要。）由此可以推知，一个好的交响乐指挥家在一个错误的音符被演奏时，能立即识别它，因为他能够预测出每个音符在管弦乐队中应该如何演奏。结合选项，故选D。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中You’re walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps. Undoubtedly, it means that there’s someone around. But have you ever wondered why it occurs to us that it’s someone else’s footsteps, not ours?（你走在一条安静的街道上，突然听到一些脚步声。毫无疑问，这意味着周围有人。但你有没有想过，为什么我们会想到这是别人的脚步，而不是我们的?）由此可以判断出，如果人类有忽视熟悉噪音的能力，有助于发现潜在危险。结合选项，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。该题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。如本题第四小题，根据文章第一段中You’re walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps. Undoubtedly, it means that there’s someone around. But have you ever wondered why it occurs to us that it’s someone else’s footsteps, not ours?（你走在一条安静的街道上，突然听到一些脚步声。毫无疑问，这意味着周围有人。但你有没有想过，为什么我们会想到这是别人的脚印，而不是我们的?）由此可以判断出，如果人类有忽视熟悉噪音的能力，有助于发现潜在危险。结合选项，故选B。‎ D Recently I rolled into a local restaurant to try an Impossible Burger, an all-plant meat-like pie invented by the Silicon Valley company Impossible Foods. It’s famous for having a weirdly chewy, even bloody, meat-like quality, a surprising - 39 -‎ ‎ verisimilitude (逼真) that has made it “perhaps the country’s most famous burger,” as New York magazine recently wrote. One bite into its gorgeous, smoky flavor, and I was convinced.‎ This is good news, because the time has come to mass-produce fake meat, fast. Why? Because in the fight to ease climate change, meat replacement is one of the lowest-hanging fruits.‎ Meat production chews up land and lets out methane(沼气) by the kiloton, accounting for about two-thirds of all greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. A University of Oxford study recently found that, to keep global warming below 2 degrees this century, we need to be eating 75 percent less beef and 90 percent less pork globally. “Without concentrated change, we really risk going beyond key environmental limits,” Marco Springmann, one of the Oxford researchers, warns me.‎ Diets are culturally enshrined(神圣的), so changing them will be hard. Fake meat can help camouflage(掩饰) that dramatic transformation with slight adjustment.‎ Still, even the most exceptional substitutes for meat face a huge challenge if they’re going to replace 75 to 90 percent of beef and pork. The first taste of an Impossible Burger-a moment when low expectations work a powerful magic in the product’s favor-is one thing. But how do you keep meat-eaters asking for more after their sixth, and their 26th?‎ Fortunately, the science here is playing an important role. Impossible Foods owes much of its appeal to a bioengineering process that turns out big, blood-red tanks of “heme,” a crucial molecule that gives veggie(素食主义者) meat “that slightly metallic bloody flavor,” as David Lipman, chief science officer of Impossible Foods, tells me. Meanwhile, “cultured meat,” created by growing actual animal cells in a basin, is becoming a reality. In New York, the scientists at Ocean Hugger Foods have engineered a process to transform tomatoes into mock tuna. And over in the Netherlands, a company called The Vegetarian Butcher is developing a Nespresso-style device: You pour in a bag of vegetable protein and out pops fake meat. The company aims to release it in two years.‎ To get to true mass adoption, fake meat will need to compete favorably with the - 39 -‎ ‎ real thing on multiple fronts. Impossible Foods’ goal is to drive the price of its product below that of Safeway’s 80/20 hamburger meat, at which point people will simply vote with their wallets. The new industry also wants to improve on animal flesh in various ways. Fake meat will outcompete traditional meat because “you won’t need to refrigerate it if you’re making it as you go,” co-founder Niko Koffeman says. That’d give unmeat an enormous advantage for energy-poor developing regions. Plus, fake meat could provide more choices. “You could have very soft and tender meat for elderly people,” Koffeman adds. “You could have a custom meat for whatever you need.”‎ We could speed this dietary shift with smart public policy too. Beginning in 2006, New York City cut the number of adults consuming one or more sugary drinks per day by 35 percent by running appealing public service campaigns and requiring the labeling of their high calorie counts in fast-food restaurants. Imagine similar measures promoting fake meat: “Save the planet, bite by bite.” Save your health too. Speaking of your conscience, industrial-scale animal farming is ethically unpleasant.‎ You can tell the world is shifting this way, because the ranchers (牧场主) are nervous. Last year, the US Cattlemen’s Association asked the government to define “meat” as a product “obtained directly from animals.” That anxiety, which is no doubt caused by science, goes to show that this grand shift isn’t impossible.‎ ‎65. The author was convinced by the Impossible Burger because .‎ A. it looks like a traditional meat burger B. it contains no meat but tastes like meat C. its flavor is different from that of normal ones D. more vegetables are used in the burger ‎66. What does the author mean by saying “lowest hanging fruits” in paragraph 2?‎ A. A task that is difficult to fulfill. B. An approach that is economical.‎ C. A goal that is easy to achieve. D. A product that is environment-friendly.‎ ‎67. The author is most likely to agree that .‎ A. fake meat cannot change people’s dietary habits - 39 -‎ B. fake meat is worthy of investment for its great potential C. a decline in meat consumption can relieve global warming D. fake meat will replace real meat because of its lower price ‎68. Fake meat has an advantage over traditional meat in that .‎ A. fake meat will not be necessarily stored in a refrigerator B. the price of fake meat will be one-fourth of the traditional meat’s C. fake meat will win over the older people thanks to its quality D. fake meat has a bloody flavor that is not found in traditional meat ‎69. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A. The US government doesn’t give enough support to ranchers.‎ B. The world will probably accept the idea of fake meat.‎ C. People don’t like to eat meat produced by the ranchers now.‎ D. The definition of meat has been revised because of fake meat.‎ ‎70. Which is probably the suitable title for the passage?‎ A. Fake meat or traditional meat, must we choose? B. Traditional meat, an environment killer.‎ C. Let’s speed up the dietary shift. D. Let’s welcome the fake meat.‎ ‎【答案】65. B 66. C 67. C 68. A 69. B 70. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工肉取代传统意义的肉，会帮助解决全球气候问题。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中It’s famous for having a weirdly chewy, even bloody, meat-like quality, a surprising verisimilitude (逼真) that has made it “perhaps the country’s most famous burger,(是著名的古怪耐嚼,甚至血腥,像肉的质量一样,这使得它成为最著名的汉堡)由此可知，正是这些特征让作者相信Impossible Burger吃起来有肉的味道。结合选项，故选B。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中This is good news, because the time has come to mass-produce fake meat, fast. Why? Because in the fight to ease climate change, meat replacement is one of the lowest-hanging fruits - 39 -‎ ‎.(这是个好消息，因为现在是大规模生产人造肉的时候了，而且要快。为什么?因为在缓解气候变化的斗争中，肉类替代品是最容易获得的成果之一。)根据第四段Fake meat can help camouflage(掩饰) that dramatic transformation with slight adjustment.和第六段Fortunately, the science here is playing an important role. 可知在科技的支撑下，人造肉的制作不难。由此推断划线词“lowest-hanging fruits”指的是容易实施，容易达成的目标。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中Meat production chews up land and lets out methane(沼气) by the kiloton, accounting for about two-thirds of all greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture.(肉类生产会消耗土地，并以千吨计排放甲烷，约占农业温室气体排放总量的三分之二)由此可知推知，肉类消费的减少可以缓解全球变暖。结合选项，故选C。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中Fake meat will outcompete traditional meat because “you won’t need to refrigerate it if you’re making it as you go,” (人造肉将超越传统肉，因为不需要冷藏，)由此可知，人造肉比传统肉有优势的地方是人工肉不一定要放在冰箱里。结合选项，故选A。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段You can tell the world is shifting this way, because the ranchers (牧场主) are nervous. Last year, the US Cattlemen’s Association asked the government to define “meat” as a product “obtained directly from animals.” That anxiety, which is no doubt caused by science, goes to show that this grand shift isn’t impossible.(你可以看出世界正在朝着这个方向转变，因为牧场主很紧张。去年，美国牧民协会要求政府将“肉”定义为“直接从动物获得”的产品。这种焦虑，无疑是由科学引起的，表明这一重大转变并不是不可能的。)由此可推知，世界可能会接受假肉的想法。结合选项，故选B。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 标题判断题。根据文章第二段中This is good news, because the time has come to mass-produce fake meat, fast. Why? Because in the fight to ease climate change, meat replacement is one of the lowest-hanging fruits.（这是个好消息，因为现在是大规模生产人造肉的时候了，而且要快。为什么?‎ - 39 -‎ 因为在缓解气候变化的斗争中，肉类替代品是最容易获得的成果之一。）以及分析全文可知，文章主要讲述了人工肉取代传统肉，会帮助解决全球变暖问题，故世界持欢迎人工肉的态度。Let’s welcome the fake meat.适合作为文章的标题，故选D。‎ 第 II 卷 (非选择题，共 35 分)‎ 第四部分:词汇检测 (共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)‎ 阅读下面各题，并根据首字母，写出下列各句空格处单词的正确形式，请将答案的完整形式 写在答题卡相应题号的横线上，每个空格只填一个单词。‎ ‎71. I found him sitting in his chair, completely a ____ in a magazine.‎ ‎72. Shanghai is the biggest c ____ city and economic center in China.‎ ‎73. The manager gave this task to Jim, as he is quite t ____ and you can rely on him to get it done on time.‎ ‎74. This is my favorite magazine and I have been s ____ to it for years.‎ ‎75. Most of his colleagues have a low opinion of him, for his actions aren’t always c ____ with his words.‎ ‎【答案】71. absorbed ‎ ‎72. commercial ‎ ‎73. trustworthy ‎ ‎74. subscribing ‎ ‎75. consistent ‎【解析】‎ ‎【71题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：我发现他坐在椅子上，完全专注于一本杂志里。be absorbed in意为“专注于，全神贯注于”。分析句意可知，此处省略be用过去分词作状语。故填absorbed。‎ ‎【72题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：上海是中国最大的商业城市和经济中心。根据句意和常识可知，上海是中国最大的商业城市和经济中心。commercial形容词，意为“商业的”，故填commercial。‎ ‎【73题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：经理把这个任务交给了吉姆，因为他很可靠，你可以相信他会按时完成的。根据you can rely on him可知用形容词trustworthy，意为“可靠的，可以信赖的”，故填trustworthy。‎ ‎【74题详解】‎ - 39 -‎ 考查动词时态。句意：这是我最喜欢的杂志，多年来我一直订阅它。分析句意和magazine可知此处是订阅杂志，subscribe to sth为固定搭配，意为 “订阅”。表示一直进行延续到现在的动作，用现在完成进行时。故填subscribing。‎ ‎【75题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：他的大多数同事对他的评价都很低，因为他的言行并不总是一致。be consistent with为固定搭配，意为 “与……一致”，此处指 his actions 和 his words不一致。故填consistent。‎ 第五部分:任务型阅读 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意:每个空格只填 1 个单词。请将答案写在答题卷上相应题号的横线上。‎ One of the most efficient ways to promote peace and jump-start flagging economies is to empower girls and invest in their education. Today, girls’ lack of access to basic education is compounded when it comes to the use of digital technology, leaving them far behind boys. And because the world is ever more digital, those who lack basic Internet skills will find it increasingly more difficult to participate in the formal economy, to obtain a quality education, to access health care, information and psychosocial support, to have their voices heard.‎ Since 2013 the global gender gap in male and female access to the Internet has actually increased from 11 to 12 percent. Worse yet, women and girls living in the poorest countries are 31 percent less likely than men and boys to have access to the Internet. In developing countries, some 200 million fewer women than men own a mobile phone, the most common means of Internet access there. This digital divide is increasing, and should it continue at the present pace, it is projected that over 75 percent of women and girls will lack internet access and digital skills.‎ There are many causes for the digital gender gap. They include girls’ exclusion from basic education writ large, from specific technology education and design, high costs of both devices and Internet access, scarcity of content relevant for women and girls, and socio-cultural biases and discrimination, such as barriers to women speaking freely and privately both online and offline. Indeed, one of the most insidious reasons why girls may be discouraged from learning how to access and use - 39 -‎ ‎ digital technology is also a groundless one: that girls are simply not good at using technology.‎ The United Nations has affirmed that human rights online are human rights offline. These stereotypes reinforce harmful norms that keep women and girls from enjoying their human rights.‎ According to the International Institute for Sustainable Development, an independent, non-profit and non-governmental research organization, the gender digital divide is a major roadblock to women’s economic empowerment and participation in the economy. Without a major increase of policy effort and investment, most of the benefits of technological change will be enjoyed only by men, worsening gender inequality.‎ In the words of USAID Senior Gender Coordinator Michelle Bekkering, a girl’s future should be defined not by her sex, but by her commitment to hard work and ability to access the resources she needs to succeed.‎ Girls are left far behind boys in terms of digital technology ‎___76___situation ‎●Lacking basic Internet skills makes girls less likely to be ___77___ in the economic activities, to get well-educated, to access health care, information and psychosocial support, and to voice their opinions.‎ ‎●The gender gap has increased by 1% since 2013 ___78___ and in the poorest countries, the ____79____ of females accessing the Internet are lowered by 31%.‎ ‎●In developing countries, fewer women own the mobile phone and the great ___80___ cannot be bridged if it should continue at the present pace.‎ - 39 -‎ Causes and effects ‎●Girls are_____81_____ from some different forms of education and both devices and Internet access are expensive for girls.‎ ‎●There’s a lack of proper content and biases and discrimination still exist.‎ ‎● Some people hold the view that girls are simply not good at using technology, which doesn’t make any ____82____ .‎ ‎●Benefits brought by technological changes are mostly enjoyed by men, making gender inequality _____83_____ of a problem.‎ Opinions and solutions ‎●Empowered and offered a quality education, girls will make significant___84___ to peace and the economic recovery.‎ ‎●What _____85_____ a girl’s future is her devotion, hard work and ability rather than her sex.‎ ‎●Women and girls are supposed to enjoy more human rights both online and offline.‎ ‎【答案】76. Present/Current ‎ ‎77. involved ‎ ‎78. globally/worldwide ‎ ‎79. chances/possibilities ‎ ‎80. divide/gap ‎ ‎81. excluded ‎ ‎82. sense 83. more ‎ ‎84. contributions ‎ - 39 -‎ ‎85. defines/shapes/decides/determines ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当今男女教育不平等，女孩们缺乏基本网络技能的现状，其原因，结果和解决措施。‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ 信息整合题。分析文章可知，前两段主要讲了当今男女教育不平等，女孩们缺乏基本网络技能的现状。故此空应填 Present/Current。‎ ‎【77题详解】‎ 信息转换题。根据第一段中those who lack basic Internet skills will find it increasingly more difficult to participate in the formal economy, 可知，女孩们缺乏基本网络技能，会在参与正规经济方面困难重重，与participate同义此处是被动形式，故填involved。‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 词性转换题。根据文章第二段中Since 2013 the global gender gap in male and female access to the Internet has actually increased from 11 to 12 percent.自2013年以来，全球男性和女性上网的性别差距实际上已经从11%上升到12%。表示“全球地”，故填 globally/worldwide。‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 词性转换题。根据第二段中“Worse yet, women and girls living in the poorest countries are 31 percent less likely than men and boys to have access to the Internet. ”更糟糕的是，生活在最贫穷国家的妇女和女孩上网的可能性比男性和男孩低31%。此空表示“可能性”，故填chances/possibilities。‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 信息捕捉题。根据文章第二段中In developing countries, some 200 million fewer women than men own a mobile phone, the most common means of Internet access there. This digital divide is increasing, and should it continue at the present pace, it is projected that over 75 percent of women and girls will lack internet access and digital skills.在发展中国家，拥有手机的女性比男性少2亿，而手机是最常见的上网方式。这种数字鸿沟正在扩大，如果以目前的速度继续下去，预计超过75%的妇女和女孩将缺乏互联网接入和数字技能，即这种障碍不会得到解决，此空表示“障碍，鸿沟”。故填divide/gap。‎ - 39 -‎ ‎【81题详解】‎ 词性转换题。根据第三段中They include girls’ exclusion from basic education writ large它们包括女童被排除在基础教育之外。由此可知，此处意为“被排除”。故填excluded。‎ ‎【82题详解】‎ 信息整合题。根据文章第三段中Indeed, one of the most insidious reasons why girls may be discouraged from learning how to access and use digital technology is also a groundless one: that girls are simply not good at using technology.事实上，阻碍女孩学习如何接触和使用数字技术的最阴险的原因之一也是毫无根据的。故可知，此处与groundless同义，此处是否定句，“有道理”是make sense。故填sense。‎ ‎【83题详解】‎ 信息整合题。根据文章倒数第二段中“Without a major increase of policy effort and investment, most of the benefits of technological change will be enjoyed only by men, worsening gender inequality.”如果不大力增加政策努力和投资，技术变革的大部分好处将只有男性才能享有，从而加剧了性别不平等，使之成为更严重的问题，此处应填more。‎ ‎【84题详解】‎ 信息整合题。根据文章倒数第二段中According to the International Institute for Sustainable Development, an independent, non-profit and non-governmental research organization, the gender digital divide is a major roadblock to women’s economic empowerment and participation in the economy.据独立、非盈利和非政府研究组织国际可持续发展研究所称，性别数字鸿沟是女性经济赋权和参与经济的一大障碍。由此可知，如果女孩们被赋予权力并接受优质教育，她们将为和平与经济复苏做出重大贡献。故填contributions。‎ ‎【85题详解】‎ 信息捕捉题。根据文章最后一段中In the words of USAID Senior Gender Coordinator Michelle Bekkering, a girl’s future should be defined not by her sex, but by her commitment to hard work and ability to access the resources she needs to succeed.（用美国国际开发署高级性别协调员Michelle Bekkering的话说，一个女孩的未来不应该由她的性别来决定，而应该由她对努力工作的承诺和获得成功所需资源的能力来决定。）由此可知，此处表示“决定”。故可填defines/shapes/decides/determines。‎ - 39 -‎ 第六部分:书面表达 (满分 20 分)‎ ‎86.请认真阅读下面有关”不同年龄达到不同能力巅峰”的研究结果，并根据要求用英语写一篇 150字左右的文章。‎ ‎“At almost any given age, most of us are getting better at some things and worse at others,” Joshua Hartshorne, an MIT cognitive science researcher and the lead author of a study looking at how intelligence changes as we age, told Business Insider.‎ The team behind that study quizzed thousands of people aged 10-90 on their ability to do things like remembering lists of words, recognizing faces. Their results suggest that no matter what your age, there’s almost always a new peak on the horizon.‎ ‎1.用约 30 个单词概述图表和上文的主要内容；‎ ‎2.用约 120 个单词发表你的观点，内容包括:‎ ‎(1)谈谈”不同年龄达到不同能力巅峰”这一研究发现的意义(至少两点)；‎ ‎(2)结合自身实际，说明如何在现阶段把握你的优势。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎(1) 须表明个人观点，同时提供理由或依据；‎ ‎(2) 阐述观点或提供论据时，不得直接引用原文中的句子；‎ ‎(3) 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎(4) 不必写标题。‎ ‎【评分标准】 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ 注意:作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ - 39 -‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】A research, which involves thousands of subjects aged 10-90, reveals that people reach different capacity peaks at different ages with teenagers blessed with good memories and the elderly possessing a large vocabulary.‎ The remarkable findings of the research are extremely beneficial. To begin with, clearly understanding their own strengths, people of different ages can develop their potential to the fullest. For instance, middle-aged adults have the greatest capacity to stay focused and work out arithematic problems. Furthermore, the findings will boost confidence of the aged, who find their ability in vocabulary reaching a new high.‎ As a teenager, I shall make the most of my memory peak to gain an edge over others. Skills like critical thinking and analysis can only develop on the basis of factual knowledge. Therefore, I’ll spare no effort to expose myself to books and memorize as much as possible. Hopefully, my memory peak will lay a solid foundation for my overall growth.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。就“不同年龄达到不同能力巅峰”的研究结果，写一篇不少于150词的文章。‎ ‎【详解】本文属于读写任务作文，动笔前，一定要认真说读下面有关“不同年龄达到不同能力巅峰”的研究结果，并根据要求用英语写一篇150字左右的文章，谈谈“不同年龄达到不同能力黃峰”这一研究发现的意义(至少两点)；结合自身实际，说明如何在现阶段把握你的优势理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果。‎ ‎【点睛】范文语言简洁明了，全面转述了所给的文字材料；语言地道自然，没有语法错误，全文没有中式英语；文章层次清晰有条理，衔接过渡自然；文章使用了较为高级的词汇，如involve; reveal; remarkable; spare no effort to等；同时使用了较为高级的句子，如A research, which involves thousands of subjects aged 10-90, reveals that people reach different capacity peaks at different ages with teenagers blessed with good memories and the elderly possessing a large vocabulary运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和 - 39 -‎ that引导的宾语从句。Furthermore, the findings will boost confidence of the aged, who find their ability in vocabulary reaching a new high.运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句。‎ ‎ ‎ - 39 -‎ - 39 -‎