浙江省温州十五校联合体2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含解析

浙江省温州十五校联合体2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com ‎2019 学年第二学期温州十五校联合体期中联考 高二年级英语学科试题 考生须知:‎ ‎1.本卷共8页满分150分，考试时间120分钟；‎ ‎2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。‎ ‎3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效；‎ ‎4.考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。‎ 第 I 卷(选择题部分，共95分)‎ 第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)‎ 第一节短对话(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出 最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关 小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What are the children probably doing?‎ A. Making orange juice. B. Listening to loud music. C. Cooking a meal.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Pass me the orange juice, please?‎ M: Sorry, I didn’t hear that. The kids are making such a noise.‎ W: I like peace and quiet while dining. They should play their pop songs elsewhere.‎ ‎2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What will the man probably do on Sunday afternoon?‎ A. Pick apples. B. Watch TV. C. Visit his sister.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Do you have any plans for Sunday afternoon? I’m going to go and pick apples.‎ M: I was going to watch a film on TV, yet that sounds like a better idea.‎ W: Yes, my sister went picking peaches last weekend and she said it was good fun.‎ - 30 -‎ ‎3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ Who does the woman want to hear from?‎ A. The soldier. B. The nurse. C. The policeman.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Tomorrow we will be learning about different jobs. A policeman, a soldier and a nurse will be coming to talk to us.‎ W: The only one I want to hear from is the nurse.‎ M: But it will be interesting to hear about the other jobs as well.‎ ‎4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ Why does the woman advise the man to run?‎ A. To catch the postman.‎ B. To borrow some stamps.‎ C. To reach the post office before closing.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Do you have any stamps I can borrow? I want to send this straight away.‎ W: I’m afraid I don’t. But if you run, you might just catch the post office.‎ ‎5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ What is across from the new clothing store?‎ A. A bank. B. A movie theater. C. A bookstore.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: I was in that new clothing store next to the bank and they had some shirts that would really suit you.‎ W: Is it opposite the cinema? What did the place use to be before the clothing store opened?‎ M: Yeah, it was a bookstore before.‎ 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)‎ - 30 -‎ 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三 个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读 各个小题, 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间, 每段对话或独白读 两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎6. What day is it today?‎ A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday.‎ ‎7. What will Dr. Drew do if Steve fails in the exam?‎ A. Inform his parents. B. Talk with him again.‎ C. Refuse to accept him next term.‎ ‎【答案】6. A 7. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: Oh, Steve, you’ve finally turned up.‎ M: Dr. Drew, I’m really sorry about missing classes.‎ W: We only have six classes today, yet you’ve already missed four. That is more than a half.‎ M: Sorry. I can explain it, Dr. Drew. I have a part-time job, so…‎ W: Well, I hope you’re ready for today’s exam.‎ M: Today? I thought it was going to be on Friday!‎ W: I have another plan for tomorrow so we are having the exam today.‎ M: OK. I promise you that I won’t fail this time.‎ W: Good luck to you. I have talked with you about that. If you fail again, you can’t take my classes next term.‎ M: Thank you, Dr. Drew.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎8. What is David trying to do?‎ A. Watch a movie. B. Work on his studies. C. Listen to some songs.‎ ‎9. Why is David annoyed about the last song?‎ - 30 -‎ A. Anna sang it very badly.‎ B. Anna sang it too much before.‎ C. Anna kept repeating the four words of it.‎ ‎10. What is the relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: “I’ll never hide; I can’t, I’m too shiny!”‎ M: I know you like that movie, Anna, but will you please sing a different song? I can’t get the words out of my head, and I need to finish my homework!‎ W: Sure, David. How about this one? “Let it go! Let it go! Can’t hold it back anymore!”‎ M: Anything but that! You sang that song for two months straight after the movie came out!‎ W: All right… How about, “Thank you! You’re welcome!”‎ M: OK, that one’s not too bad…‎ W: “Thank you! You’re welcome! Thank you! You’re welcome!”‎ M: Anna, don’t you know any other words to this song?‎ W: Nope! “Thank you! You’re welcome!”‎ M: I can’t take this anymore! Here, you can watch a movie on my iPad while I finish these problems.‎ W: Thank you, big brother!‎ M: But you have to promise not to sing along to the songs.‎ W: I promise!‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎11. What has the woman’s aunt forbidden her to do?‎ A. See the dolls. B. Talk about the dolls. C. Touch the dolls.‎ ‎12. What does the woman’s aunt think of the dolls?‎ - 30 -‎ A. They are uncomfortable. B. They are very valuable. C. They are old-fashioned.‎ ‎13. How does the man probably feel at the end?‎ A. Very worried. B. Quite surprised. C. A little embarrassed.‎ ‎【答案】11. C 12. B 13. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】M: Well, we’re almost at your aunt and uncle’s house. I think this is their street…‎ W: Adrian, there’s something I should tell you about them.‎ M: What’s that, Diana? You look uncomfortable… Are they old-fashioned? It wouldn’t bother me at all.‎ W: It’s not that. And it’s mainly about Aunt Cindy. She has a doll collection.‎ M: Oh? That doesn’t sound too bad! I mean… What? Are they baby dolls?‎ W: No, they’re dolls that are valued very highly by collectors. She would never let me touch them… She wouldn’t even let her own children!‎ M: Is that what bothers you — that your aunt is so protective of them?‎ W: Umm, I don’t know. You’ll understand what I mean when you see them.‎ M: Oh, will she offer to show me her dolls?‎ W: She won’t have to. They’re all throughout the house. On the shelves, along the staircase…she even has some arranged at the dining table!‎ M: Where do your aunt and uncle eat, then?‎ W: They have to put away some of the dolls in order to sit down at the table.‎ M: Diana, this sounds unreal. Are you joking with me?‎ W: No, dear. I’m just warning you.‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎14. What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A. A missing pet. B. A late package.‎ C. A wrong food order.‎ - 30 -‎ ‎15. Who is Tommy?‎ A. The woman’s son. B. The woman’s pet. C. The woman’s boss.‎ ‎16. What is wrong with the delivery drivers?‎ A. They are ill.‎ B. They are out for lunch.‎ C. They have left the company.‎ ‎17. What will the woman get the money for according to the man?‎ A. Her lost item. B. Delivery costs.‎ C. Her time spent on the phone.‎ ‎【答案】14. B 15. B 16. A 17. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】W: I have been on hold for half an hour trying to find out where my delivery is!‎ M: I apologize, Mrs. Smith. This is not the level of service we usually offer.‎ W: Then what is the problem? It’s a present for my little Tommy. It’s his birthday tomorrow. I picked some dog food for him. Why haven’t I received his present yet?‎ M: We had to use a delivery service instead of our own drivers W: Why?‎ M: I shouldn’t really say.‎ W: I demand an explanation, or I want to speak to your boss.‎ M: Our drivers all eat from the same restaurant at lunch. They have all got food poisoning.‎ W: Well, I’m sorry to hear that. I hope they are OK.‎ M: Me, too. Because you are such a loyal customer, I would like to offer you a full refund for the item.‎ W: I guess that would be acceptable. Hold on, there’s someone at my door.‎ M: Hello, Mrs. Smith?‎ W: That was your driver. It arrived! Thank you so much.‎ - 30 -‎ M: I’m glad it all worked out fine. We would still like to offer you a refund, for the length of the call.‎ W: Thank you. That would be lovely.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】‎ ‎18. What was the destination of the speaker’s most recent trip?‎ A. Indonesia. B. Italy. C. The U.S.‎ ‎19. What was the best-known eruption according to the speaker?‎ A. Krakatoa. B. Santorini. C. Vesuvius.‎ ‎20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?‎ A. The history of a town. B. Travel experiences. C. His work.‎ ‎【答案】18. A 19. C 20. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【原文】Hello everyone, and thank you for inviting me to speak at your school. Now here is a big word for you — volcanologist. That is my job. Volcanology is the study of volcanoes and I spend much of my time traveling to volcanoes around the world. China can count itself lucky. It doesn’t have many active volcanoes. The last one to erupt was in 1951. My job has taken me to many countries, from Italy to the U.S. I have just come back from Indonesia, one of the most active volcanic areas. So why is my job important? Because when we understand volcanoes, we can predict how they will behave and help protect the people who live near them from possible harm. When we think of volcanoes erupting, we think of rocks but perhaps the biggest danger is from ash. There have been some very famous volcano eruptions. Krakatoa, in Indonesia, erupted in 1883, killing over 36,000 people. Santorini, in Greece, was ruined by an explosion about 3600 years ago. But the most famous eruption was Vesuvius in Italy in 79 AD. Ash from the explosion buried the Roman towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum, preserving them so well that we can now visit them today. They are a treasure for historians, so you could say every volcanic cloud has a silver lining.‎ 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分35分) 第一节(共10小题；每小题 2.5分，满分25分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将 - 30 -‎ ‎ 该项涂黑。‎ A Dannis was waiting at the airline ticket counter when he first noticed the young woman with shiny black hair pulled tightly into a knot. She wore black boots of soft leather. Dannis struggled to see her face, she was ahead of him in line, but it was not until she bought her ticket and turned to walk away that he realized her beauty, which was fair-skinned and big-eyed. She seemed aware that he was staring at her and lowered her gaze abruptly.‎ When next he saw her, Dannis was buying a magazine and became aware someone was pushing him. At first, he was startled (受惊吓的) that anyone would be so close as to touch him, but when he saw who it was, he smiled.‎ ‎“Busy place,” Dannis said.‎ She looked up at him and blushed. Wordlessly, she moved away and joined the crowds in the terminal.‎ Dannis was at the counter with his magazine, but when he reached into his pocket for his wallet, the pocket was empty. Where could I have left it? His mind was racing, the credit cards, the cash, the identification card “The girl who was so near to me!” he said to himself. All at once he understood she had stolen his pocket. What shall he do?‎ Dannis gritted his teeth. When glancing around for the police, suddenly, he spotted the black-haired girl, seated against a front window of the terminal. She seemed absorbed in a book.‎ ‎“Where is my wallet?” he yelled. The black-haired girl glanced up from her reading, with a confused look on her face. Dannis glared at her and shouted, “You stole my wallet!” The crowds began to gossip. The girl turned deadly pale, looking so restless that words failed her. A strange silence hung in the air. Abruptly, she leaped from the seat and tried to escape from the crowds.‎ Dannis grabbed her by the arm. At exactly that moment, a policeman approached them and asked about what happened. Dannis hastened to explain it while the girl frowned with a shake of her head. After further enquiries, the policeman took out - 30 -‎ ‎ a wallet and handed it to Dannis, adding that someone had found it in the toilet.‎ ‎21. While waiting at the airline ticket counter, why did Dannis stare at the black-haired girl?‎ A. He suspected that she was a thief. B. He was attracted by her.‎ C He was wondering if he had met her before. D. He wanted her to help him to buy the ticket.‎ ‎22. Which of the following is true according to the passage?‎ A The black-haired girl tried to escape from the crowd for fear of gossip.‎ B. The black-haired girl admitted the fact that she had stolen the wallet.‎ C. Dannis forgave the black-haired girl at last.‎ D. Dannis found his wallet in the toilet.‎ ‎23. At the end of the story, Dannis may probably feel __________towards the black-haired girl.‎ A. sympathetic B. skeptical C. startled D. embarrassed ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述在机场Dannis首先对同在检票的black-haired girl很有好感，后来却认为她是偷自己钱包的小偷，结果是却一场误会的故事。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的Dannis struggled to see her face, she was ahead of him in line, but it was not until she bought her ticket and turned to walk away that he realized her beauty, which was fair-skinned and big-eyed.(丹尼斯拼命想看清她的脸，她排在他前面，但直到她买了票转身走开时，他才意识到她的美貌——白皙的皮肤，大眼睛)并联系后面的描述，被人撞了一下本来吓了一跳，看到撞自己的是那个女孩，他笑着说“Busy place”可知，丹尼斯盯着那个黑头发的女孩看，因为他被她吸引住了。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段得知女孩并没有偷钱包，再根据倒数第二段中的The crowds began to gossip. The girl turned deadly pale, looking so restless that words failed her.‎ - 30 -‎ ‎ A strange silence hung in the air. Abruptly, she leaped from the seat and tried to escape from the crowds. (人群开始闲聊。 那个女孩脸色惨白，神情非常不安，以至于语无伦次。 一种奇怪的沉默挂在空中。 突然，她从座位上跳了起来，试图逃离人群。)可知，那个黑头发的女孩因为害怕流言蜚语而试图从人群中逃脱。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，钱包被证实不是女孩偷的，而Dannis一直误认为是她偷了钱包，因此推断这样的结果会让Dannis面对被自己误会伤害的女孩而感到尴尬。故选D。‎ B Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child or even an animal, such as a pigeon can learn to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted.‎ We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.‎ Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a “nice face” looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a “nice person”, you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth.‎ There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Ports, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in people’s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing, or typing, his personality. Book worms, conservatives, military types people are described with such terms.‎ People have always tried to “type” each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain’s or the hero’s role. In fact, the words “person” and “personality” come from the Latin word “persona”, meaning “mask”. Today, most television and movie actors do not wear - 30 -‎ ‎ masks. But we can easily tell the “good guys” from the “bad guys” because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.‎ ‎24. Which of the following statements is NOT true?‎ A. People may have different personalities.‎ B. People differ from each other in appearance.‎ C. People can learn to recognize human faces.‎ D. People can describe all human features of others.‎ ‎25. The reason that it is easier to describe one’s personality in words than ones face is that ________.‎ A. many words are available to describe personality B. a person’s personality is easily distinguished C. people’s personalities are very much alike D. a person’s face is more complex than his personality ‎26. We learn from the passage that people are classified according to__________.‎ A. their way of wearing masks B. their way of speaking and playing C. their knowledge and behavior D. their physical appearance and personality ‎【答案】24. D 25. A 26. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何区分人与人之间的个性差距以及能够区分的原因是人们在行为和身体特征方面是不同的。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段的描述可知，人可能有不同的个性，因此A项信息是正确的；根据第一段中的Faces, like fingerprints, are unique.(脸，就像指纹一样，是独一无二的)及Yet a very young child or even an animal, such as a pigeon can learn to recognize faces.( 然而，一个很小的孩子，甚至是动物，比如鸽子，都可以学会识别人脸)可知，BC项信息正确。根据第一段中的Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from - 30 -‎ ‎ another.(即使是一个熟练的作家也可能无法描述出使一张脸与另一张脸不同的所有特征)可知，D项信息是不正确的。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中的Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face.(像人的脸一样，人的性格是非常复杂的。但是用语言描述一个人的性格要比描述他的脸容易一些)和第四段中的There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts.(有很多词可以用来描述一个人的想法、感受和行为)可知，用语言描述一个人的性格比用脸描述一个人的性格更容易，原因是有很多词可以用来描述性格。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句But we can easily tell the “good guys” from the “bad guys” because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.(但我们可以很容易地区分“好人”和“坏人”，因为这两种人在外表和行动上都不同)可知，人们可以根据他们的外貌和性格被分类。故选D。‎ ‎【易错分析】第2小题，The reason that it is easier to describe one’s personality in words than ones face is that ________.‎ A. many words are available to describe personality B. a person’s personality is easily distinguished C. people’s personalities are very much alike D. a person’s face is more complex than his personality 考生容易受第二段We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.(我们也通过人们的行为来区分他们。当我们谈论一个人的个性时，我们指的是他或她的行为、说话、思考和感觉的方式，这些方式使他或她与众不同)及第三段Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face.(像人的脸一样，人的性格是非常复杂的。但是用语言描述一个人的性格要比描述他的脸容易一些)的影响错选B选项，认为语言描述一个人的性格比用面部表情更容易的原因是，一个人的性格很容易区分。而正确答案则是根据第三段中的Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his - 30 -‎ ‎ face.(像人的脸一样，人的性格是非常复杂的。但是用语言描述一个人的性格要比描述他的脸容易一些)和第四段中的There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts.(有很多词可以用来描述一个人的想法、感受和行为)可知，用语言描述一个人的性格比用脸描述一个人的性格更容易，原因是有很多词可以用来描述性格。故选A。‎ C Winter plays a vital part in nature’s cycle teaching us through plants that “all good things must come to an end” over time. However, rebirth and restoration often brings a greater glory and appreciation for the natural beauty around us.‎ Each day when I take my bike for a spin around the city streets, I am reminded that technology also teaches us lessons, specifically when the bicycle chain unavoidably slips out of gear (齿轮), refusing to shift properly, the hand brake-lines keep reacting faulty and some man-made things need repair or replacement. “Winter is coming.” For many, this means a time to oil up, repair and adjust equipment. In the case of my two-wheel transportation, some people have suggested, “Why don’t you just get a new bike for safety’s sake?” My unwillingness, however, stems from loyalty, fond attachment. Also, I hold a belief that I should be a bit patient and resourceful, simply replacing worn-out parts when required.‎ However, as I try to swing my legs over the seat while getting on the bike, my legs and joint (关节) do not respond quickly and reliable like before. A few months ago, after hiking the Great Wall on an overnight camping trip, I realized I needed more rest and restoration than ever. My heart rate beat violently, and every muscle in my tired body screamed for relief. Admittedly, these pains were nothing like having a broken limb, or surgery. Yet, the world suddenly seemed to be very unfriendly. I keep telling myself “winter is coming.” and soon I can hibernate (冬眠) getting much needed rest.‎ Actually, we all need to take a break from training routines, hard jobs, and frequently repeated tasks, to restore (修复) our bodies and minds. Nature shows us the way. Patience pays off when you attend to your gardens with faithful attention to each of nature’s jewels. Hopefully, as we grow, each of us learns the art of repair, restoration, and patience. Perhaps, you will discover the glory of rebirth after - 30 -‎ ‎ winter, being reborn and restored to even more powerful magnificent glory.‎ ‎27. Why does the writer refer to his shabby bike in the passage?‎ A. To introduce the topic.‎ B. To show he is so attached to it that he is unwilling to change it for a new one.‎ C. To show he has learned a lesson from it.‎ D. To inform he loves cycling it around the city.‎ ‎28. What is conveyed by the word “winter” in the passage?‎ A. All good things must come to an end.‎ B. It is essential to keep a balance between work and life.‎ C. Patience pays off and what doesn’t kill you makes you stronger.‎ D. We should learn the art of repair, restoration and patience from nature.‎ ‎29. How does the writer get his idea across to the readers?‎ A. By making comparisons. B. By giving examples.‎ C. By analyzing and summarizing. D. By using metaphor (暗喻).‎ ‎30. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A. The Cycle of Nature B. The Vital Role of Winter C. The Art of Nature D. The Lessons from Nature and Life ‎【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。作者以冬天、自行车以及自己的身体为例，说明每一个人都应该学会调整放松身心，休养生息，以获得重生的力量和荣耀。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的Each day when I take my bike for a spin around the city streets, I am reminded that technology also teaches us lessons, specifically when the bicycle chain unavoidably slips out of gear (齿轮), refusing to shift properly, the hand brake-lines keep reacting faulty and some man-made things need repair or replacement.(每天，当我骑着自行车在城市街道上兜风时，我都会被提醒，科技也给我们上了一课，特别是当自行车链条不可避免地脱了档，无法正常换档，手制动线不断出现故障，一些人为的东西需要修理或更换时。)以及最后一句Also, I hold a belief that I should be a bit patient and resourceful, simply replacing worn-out parts when - 30 -‎ ‎ required.(此外，我认为我应该有一点耐心和足智多谋，在需要的时候更换磨损的部件。)可知，作者在文章中提到他那辆破旧的自行车，以此来表示他从中得到了启示。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的Nature shows us the way. Patience pays off when you attend to your gardens with faithful attention to each of nature’s jewels. Hopefully, as we grow, each of us learns the art of repair, restoration, and patience. Perhaps, you will discover the glory of rebirth after winter, being reborn and restored to even more powerful magnificent glory. (大自然为我们指明了道路。当你悉心照料你的花园时，自然的每一件珠宝都能给你带来回报。希望随着我们的成长，我们每个人都学会修复、恢复和耐心的艺术。也许，你会发现冬天过后重生的荣耀，重生并恢复到更强大更辉煌的荣耀)可推断，文章中“冬天”这个词所表达的意思是，我们应该从大自然中学习修复、恢复和忍耐的艺术。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者通过具体事例向读者传递了向自然界学习，学会休养生息迎接新生的重要意义。故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Winter plays a vital part in nature’s cycle teaching us through plants that “all good things must come to an end” over time.(冬天在大自然的循环中起着至关重要的作用，它通过植物告诉我们，随着时间的推移，“所有美好的事物都有结束的一天”。)，第二段中的Each day when I take my bike for a spin around the city streets, I am reminded that technology also teaches us lessons,(每天，当我骑着自行车在城市街道上兜风时，我都会被提醒，科技也给我们上了一课。)，第三段中的I keep telling myself “winter is coming.” and soon I can hibernate (冬眠) getting much needed rest.(我一直告诉自己“冬天来了。”很快我就可以冬眠了，得到非常需要的休息。)以及最后一段Nature shows us the way.(大自然为我们指明了道路。)等提示可知，“来自自然和生活的教训”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选 D。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2 分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Many experts are calling the growing problem of global waste a worldwide health crisis in since pollution from trash is not only harming the world’s oceans, air - 30 -‎ ‎ and soil but also endangering people’s health as well as the livelihood of all living creatures.‎ Reduce, reuse, recycle Such a dilemma raises the question, is there a more responsible way of dealing with trash? Fortunately, there is. ___31___One example of this is what’s often called the three Rs: reduce, reuse, recycle. Reducing the use of plastic containers as well as reusing and recycling bottles and cans decreases the amount of garbage being sent to landfills. As a result, less money is spent on waste management, and countries’ financial burdens are significantly relieved. Such positive effects on an economy are known as a circular economy.‎ Circular economy Traditionally, manufacturers would make a product to be used and disposed of by consumers. This linear (直线型的) model of production offered no help in the fight against global waste. ___32___.‎ Once a product’s value is exhausted, the materials are recycled and returned to manufacturers. The outcome is less waste. One large-scale example of this is happening on the island of Taiwan.‎ ‎___33___‎ In 1997, Taiwan established its signature 4-in-1 Recycling Program, consisting of communities, government cleaning teams, recycling companies and the Recycling Fund. Residents separate their recyclable waste. The local government collection teams collect it.___34___. Importers and manufacturers who are responsible for the recyclable products pay a fee into the Recycling Fund. The Recycling Fund is an essential aspect of the program used to subsidize (补贴) the recycling disposal system, support education and research and development as well as finance recycling efforts in the future.‎ Turning garbage into gold By following a circular system, more products than ever are being manufactured using recycled materials. Environmentally-friendly decisions like these help to conserve natural resources, reduce pollution, save landfill space and even create ‎ - 30 -‎ new job opportunities. ___35___.‎ A. Practices in Taiwan B. 4-in-1 Recycling Program C. Recycling can truly turn garbage into gold D Living a zero-waste lifestyle is the way to go E. Alternatively, a circular economy was introduced F. The recyclable waste is recycled in many local factories G. Recycling companies buy waste materials from them to make profits ‎【答案】31. D 32. E 33. B 34. G 35. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人们为了消除垃圾给人类带来的危机所采取的有效措施。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 根据上文Such a dilemma raises the question, is there a more responsible way of dealing with trash? Fortunately, there is.(这样的两难境地提出了一个问题：有没有一种更负责任的处理垃圾的方式？幸运的是，有。)及下文One example of this is what’s often called the three Rs: reduce, reuse, recycle.(其中一个例子就是我们常说的三个R：减少，再利用，回收。)可知，此处指垃圾处理方式。D. Living a zero-waste lifestyle is the way to go(过一种零浪费的生活方式才是正确之道)能够承接上下文。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 根据上文This linear (直线型的) model of production offered no help in the fight against global waste.(这种线性的生产模式对对抗全球垃圾没有任何帮助。)在介绍一种生产模式；根据下文Once a product’s value is exhausted, the materials are recycled and returned to manufacturers.(一旦产品的价值耗尽，这些材料就会被回收并返还给制造商。)在介绍另一种模式，此处需要从一个模式到另一个模式的过渡，E. Alternatively, a circular economy was introduced(此外，还引入了循环经济。)符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 此处需要一个段落的小标题，干扰项是A，但是，从分析其他三个段落小标题都是讲如何处理垃圾来看，B. 4-in-1 Recycling Program(四合一回收计划。)也是在介绍具体如何处理垃圾，适合做本段小标题。故选B。‎ - 30 -‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 根据上文In 1997, Taiwan established its signature 4-in-1 Recycling Program, consisting of communities, government cleaning teams, recycling companies and the Recycling Fund.(1997年，台湾建立了其标志性的四合一回收计划，由社区、政府清洁团队、回收公司和回收基金组成。)及下文介绍可知，接下来开始从四方面开始介绍。G. Recycling companies buy waste materials from them to make profits(回收公司从他们那里购买废品来获利。)介绍了回收公司的作用，符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 根据本段小标题Turning garbage into gold(把垃圾变成金子)及本段中对回收利用垃圾所带来的经济效益可知，C. Recycling can truly turn garbage into gold(回收真的可以把垃圾变成金子)既呼应了段落小标题，又能对最后一段的进行总结。故选C。‎ 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 45 分)‎ 第一节(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ Michael is an Iraq and Afghanistan war veteran (老兵) . Three years ago, he couldn’t leave the house ___36___. He felt uncomfortable and anxious in ___37___places, but that all changed after he got his assistance dog Ojai.‎ ‎“When my ___38___wasn’t with me, I was a mess. Because I get ___39___, I couldn’t go into public by myself. However, I could go out on the subway or at a restaurant, ___40___I had Ojai. I needn’t ___41___my wife for everything.”‎ Ojai was ___42___at Canine Companions for Independence, an organization that provides assistance dogs for people with ___43___. Like Ojai, these dogs can ___44___dropped items, open and close doors, and know over 40 advanced commands. Among them, Labrador (拉布拉多犬) offers the best in ____45____, being versatile (多才多艺的) , being big enough to meet the daily ____46____like turning on a light switch, and being ____47____enough to be able to fit easily on a plane or train and stay ____48____.‎ They begin training as puppies for 18 months to learn ____49____socialization skills. Then, they returned to the main training center for another six months of further training with ____50____ instructors. When that’s completed, about half of ‎ - 30 -‎ the dogs ____51____with marks high enough to be ____52____with a person who needs its help.‎ To Michael, Ojai is ____53____the eyes, “Ojai and I are a(n) ____54____, so what I do he does, what he does I do. He is a loyal helper, a dedicated friend, and the ____55____companion.”‎ ‎36. A. normally B. alone C. straight D. often ‎37. A. unfamiliar B. private C. public D. remote ‎38. A. wife B. dog C. friend D. stick ‎39. A. confused B. overwhelmed C. annoyed D. thrilled ‎40. A. once B. while C. until D. since ‎41. A. learn from B. call up C. rely on D. take in ‎42. A. born B. trained C. bought D. observed ‎43. A. disabilities B. depression C. inconvenience D. injuries ‎44. A. set out B. pick out C. set up D. pick up ‎45. A. performance B. ambition C. adaptability D. curiosity ‎46. A. commands B. requests C. advice D. guidance ‎47. A. calm B. healthy C. small D. pretty ‎48. A. in turn B. out of the way C. by chance D. on purpose ‎49. A. basic B. difficult C. standard D. mature ‎50. A. flexible B. enthusiastic C. responsible D. professional ‎51. A. stay B. reward C. return D. graduate ‎52. A. paired B. selected C. accompanied D. mixed ‎53. A. rather than B. more than C. other than D. less than ‎54. A. couple B. family C. unit D. team ‎55. A. amusing B. fascinating C. devoted D. touched ‎【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. D 52. A 53.‎ - 30 -‎ ‎ B 54. D 55. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。Michael是一个视力有障碍的老兵。以前，他因为视力障碍而不敢单独出门，但是经过专业培训的导盲犬Ojai，在生活中帮了他很多忙。Michael认为导盲犬Ojai不仅仅是他的眼睛，更是他忠实的朋友和伙伴。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：三年前，他不能独自离开房子。A. normally正常地；B. alone单独地；C. straight径直地；D. often经常地。根据下文中的I couldn’t go into public by myself可知，三年前他不能单独离开房子。故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：他在公共场所感到不安和焦虑，但在他得到他的辅助犬Ojai后，一切都改变了。A. unfamiliar不熟悉的；B. private私人的，私下的；C. public公共的；D. remote遥远的，偏僻的。根据上文Three years ago, he couldn’t leave the house ___1___.可知，他不愿独自离开房间是因为他​在公众的地方感到不舒服和焦虑。故选C。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：当我妻子不在我身边的时候，我的生活一团混乱。A. wife妻子；B. dog狗；C. friend朋友；D. stick拐杖。根据上下文可知，他​不能一个人去公共场合，所以当妻子不在身边的时候，生活一团混乱。故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之感情色彩形容词。句意：因为我不知所措，所以我不能独自进入公众场合。A. confused困惑不解的；B. overwhelmed不知所措的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. thrilled狂喜的。根据上文When my ___3___wasn’t with me, I was a mess.可知，他的妻子不在了，生活一片混乱，进入公共场合是不知所措。故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系连接词。句意：但是我自从有Ojai，我可以乘地铁或者去餐馆。A. once一旦；B. while当……时；C. until直到；D. since自从。根据上文but that all changed after he got his assistance dog Ojai.可知，自从有了​Ojai，他可以进入公共场合了。故选D。‎ - 30 -‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我不必事事依靠我的妻子了。C A. learn from向……学习；B. call up打电话给……；C. rely on依靠；D. take in吸收，理解。根据上文However, I could go out on the subway or at a restaurant, ___5___I had Ojai.可知，他不必事事依靠他的妻子了。故选C。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：Ojai受训于“犬类独立伙伴”组织，该组织为那些残疾人提供帮助。A. born出生；B. trained训练；C. bought买；D. observed观察。据上文提到的Ojai是帮助犬，可推出​Ojai是受过训练的。故选B。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：Ojai受训于“犬类独立伙伴”组织，该组织为那些残疾人提供帮助。A. disabilities残疾；B. depression忧郁；C. inconvenience不方便；D. injuries受伤。根据下文​dropped items, open and close doors, and know over 40 advanced commands.可知，这些狗是服务于残疾人的。故选A。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：像Ojai一样，这些狗可以捡起掉落的物品，开门和关门，并且知道40多个高级指令。A. set out出发；B. pick out挑选出；C. set up建立，创立；D. pick up捡起。根据常识，狗可以捡起​掉落的物品。故选D。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：在它们中，拉布拉多犬拥有最好的适应性，多才多艺，体型足够大，满足日常的指令，比如打开电灯开关，但体型又没有大到飞机火车装不下的地步，而且也不会挡道。A. performance表现；B. ambition目标，志向；C. adaptability适应性；D. curiosity蜷缩。根据下文being big enough to meet the daily 　11　like turning on a light switch, and being　12　enough to be able to fit easily on a plane or train and stay可知， 拉布拉多犬适应性最好。故选C。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：在它们中，拉布拉多犬提供最好的适应性，多才多艺，体型足够大，满足日常的指令，比如打开电灯开关，但体型又没有大到飞机火车装不下的地步，而且也不会挡道。A. commands需求；B. requests要求；C. advice建议；D. guidance指导。meet sb.’s command意为“满足某人的需求，达成某人的指令”。此处与上文know over - 30 -‎ ‎ 40 advanced commands相呼应。故选A。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：在它们中，拉布拉多犬提供最好的适应性，多才多艺，体型足够大，满足日常的指令，比如打开电灯开关，但体型又没有大到飞机火车装不下的地步，而且也不会挡道。A. calm镇定的；B. healthy健康的；C. small小的；D. pretty漂亮的。根据下文enough to be able to fit easily on a plane or train可知，它们的体型又没有大到飞机火车装不下的地步，也就是说体型足够小。故选C。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：在它们中，拉布拉多犬提供最好的适应性，多才多艺，体型足够大，满足日常的指令，比如打开电灯开关，但体型又没有大到飞机火车装不下的地步，而且也不会挡道。A. in turn依次，轮流；B. out of the way不挡道，不妨碍某人；C. by chance偶然地；D. on purpose故意地。根据语境可知，这种狗很懂事，在火车或飞机上不当道。out of the way意为“不挡道，不妨碍某人”。故选B。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：它们作为幼犬开始训练18个月，学习基本的社交技能。A. basic基本的；B. difficult困难的；C. standard标准的；D. mature成熟的。根据下文Then, they returned to the main training center for another six months of further training及常识可知，它们还是小狗的时候，学习的是与人类社交的基本技能。故选A。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：然后，它们回到主要的培训中心，与专业教练一起进行另外六个月的进一步培训。 A. flexible灵活的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. responsible负责的；D. professional专业的。根据上文Then, they returned to the main training center for another six months of further training可知，它们与专业教练一起进行另外六个月的进一步培训。故选D。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这段训练结束后，其中有一半的狗会以高分毕业，可以和一个需要帮助的人配对。 A. stay坚持；B. reward奖励；C. return返回；D. graduate毕业。根据下文enough to be　17　with a person who needs its help可推断​，大约一半的狗在毕业时的分数足够高。故选D。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ - 30 -‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这段训练结束后，其中有一半的狗会以高分毕业，可以和一个需要帮助的人配对。A. paired把……组成一对；B. selected选择；C. accompanied陪同；D. mixed混合。根据语境可知，合格的狗毕业后可以​与需要帮助的人组成一对。be paired with sb.意为“与……配成一对,与……组成一对”。故选A。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：对Michael来说，Ojai不只是是眼睛，“Ojai和我是一个团队，所以我做什么他就做什么，他做什么我就做什么。他是一个忠诚的帮手，一个忠诚的朋友，一个忠诚的伴侣。” A. rather than而不是；B. more than不只是；C. other than除了；D. less than少于。根据下文He is a loyal helper, a dedicated friend, and the ___20___companion.可知，对于Michael来说，导盲犬Ojai不只是眼睛。”故选B。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：对Michael来说，Ojai不只是是眼睛，“Ojai和我是一个团队，所以我做什么他就做什么，他做什么我就做什么。他是一个忠诚的帮手，一个忠诚的朋友，一个忠诚的伴侣。”A. couple夫妇；B. family家人；C. unit单位；D. team团队。根据下文so what I do he does, what he does I do.可知，Ojai和他是密不可分的一个团队。 故选D。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：对Michael来说，Ojai不只是是眼睛，“Ojai和我是一个团队，所以我做什么他就做什么，他做什么我就做什么。他是一个忠诚的帮手，一个忠诚的朋友，一个忠诚的伴侣。” A. amusing有趣的；B. fascinating吸引人的；C. devoted衷心的，忠诚的，尽职的；D. touched感动的。根据本句中loyal和dedicated可知，本空填同义词devoted。在该句中，loyal, dedicated, devoted为近义词，均有“衷心的，忠诚的，尽职的”之意。故选C。‎ ‎【易错分析】第2小题，容易错选A。误以为“他在不熟悉的场所感到不安和焦虑，但在他得到他的辅助犬Ojai后，一切都改变了。”而正确答案根据上文Three years ago, he couldn’t leave the house ___1___.可知，他不愿独自离开房间，由此可知，他​在公众的地方感到不舒服和焦虑。A. unfamiliar不熟悉的；B. private私人的，私下的；C. public公共的；D. remote遥远的，偏僻的。故选C。‎ 第II卷(非选择题部分，共55分)‎ 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分 45 分)‎ - 30 -‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Life pressure can be big enough, so we need to be surrounded by warm phrases, or even some blind ___56___ (confident). Recently, a new trend--seeking praise from stranger—has gone popular on social media among China’s young people; many chat groups ___57___ (form) to show kindness and support to members. These “in-need-of-praise” chat groups are ___58___ reflection of Chinese culture where ____59____ (open) seeking and giving praise is uncommon, ___60___ (lead) many people to hide their true emotions even from their families.‎ For young people, gaining recognition from peers is more important than getting approval from older generations. They can feel a sense of belonging and gain encouragement, ___61___ is beneficial to their mental health.‎ As long as people’s praise doesn’t sound ____62____ (sincere), we are likely to welcome it. Being richly recognized for what we do or who we are just feels good. Most of us like praises, ____63____ they can raise our spirits, warm our hearts and decrease fears and self-doubt.‎ However, anyone giving or receiving praise in such groups should be ____64____（caution）. Such praises come at a cost. And the biggest risk is the constant emphasis on the “false self”, which makes ____65____ harder to see the “true self”.‎ ‎【答案】56. confidence ‎ ‎57. have been formed ‎ ‎58. a 59. openly ‎ ‎60. leading ‎ ‎61. which 62. insincere ‎ ‎63. because ‎ ‎64. cautious ‎ ‎65. it ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，短文介绍了在社交媒体上向陌生人寻求赞扬这一新趋势在中国年轻人中流行起来背后的原因及存在的风险。‎ - 30 -‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：生活压力可能很大，所以我们需要被温暖的话语包围，甚至是一些盲目的自信。作be surrounded by的宾语用名词，故填confidence。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查时态语态。句意：最近，一种新的趋势——向陌生人寻求赞扬在中国年轻人的社交媒体上流行起来；许多聊天小组已经建立，以表示对成员的善意和支持。根据“has gone popular”可知此处用现在完成时，chat groups与form之间是被动关系，应该用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是chat groups，谓语动词用复数形式，故填have been formed。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：这些“需要赞扬”的聊天群是中国文化的反映，在中国，公开寻求和给予赞扬是不常见的，这导致许多人甚至向家人隐藏自己的真实情感。reflection是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，此处用不定冠词a表泛指，故填a。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意同上，修饰seeking and giving praise用副词，故填openly。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意同上，分析句子结构并结合句意可知，lead与前面的句子在逻辑上是主动关系，所以此处用现在分词作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果，故填leading。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：他们能感受到归属感，获得鼓励，这对他们的心理健康是有益的。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，故填which。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：只要人们的赞扬听起来不虚伪，我们很可能会欢迎。作sound的表语用形容词，根据空前的“doesn’t”和空后的“we are likely to welcome it”可知此处表示“虚伪的”，故填insincere。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：我们大多数人喜欢赞扬，因为赞扬可以振奋精神，温暖心灵，减少恐惧和自我怀疑。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词，根据句意可知前后是因果关系，此处表示原因，故填because。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ - 30 -‎ 考查形容词。句意：然而，在这样的群体中，任何给予或接受赞扬的人都应该谨慎。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作表语，故填cautious。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 考查形式宾语。句意：最大的风险是不断强调“假自我”，这使得人们更难看到“真自我”。分析句子结构可知，此处用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，故填it。‎ 第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) ‎ 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)‎ ‎66.假如你是李华，得知意大利现在新型冠状肺炎病毒肆虐，请你给你的意大利朋友Marco写一封信，内容要点包括:‎ ‎1. 表达诚挚问候；‎ ‎2. 介绍应对措施；‎ ‎3. 表达美好祝愿 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数80词左右； ‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ‎ 新型冠状肺炎病毒 corona virus/Covid19，流行病 epidemic/pandemic ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Marco,‎ How’s everything going with you? I’ve heard from the news that the ongoing worldwide pandemic of COVID-19 hits Italy hard. But proactive measures still can be taken to fight against it effectively.‎ My top tip is to wear face masks and maintain the social distance, because the viruses can spread from person to person in close proximity. It is also important to wash hands regularly and thoroughly with soap, which can kill viruses. Keep in mind that it’s not the time to panic, but a time to prepare. Do stock your cupboards with some extra food and cleaning supplies to lower the frequency of hangout.‎ Hope the disease can soon be under control. Keep safe.‎ - 30 -‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封信件；假如你是李华，得知意大利现在新型冠状肺炎病毒肆虐，请你给你的意大利朋友Marco写一封信，内容要点包括：1. 表达诚挚问候；2. 介绍应对措施；3. 表达美好祝愿。人称使用第一、三人称。时态应为一般现在时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：proactive measures (积极措施)，fight against (对抗)，wear face masks (戴口罩)，maintain the social distance (保持社会距离)，wash hands regularly and thoroughly with soap (经常用肥皂彻底洗手)等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【高分句型1】My top tip is to wear face masks and maintain the social distance, which can stop the viruses spreading from person to person in close proximity.(我的建议是戴上口罩，保持社交距离，这样可以防止病毒在近距离的人之间传播)使用了which引导的非限定性定语从句及stop sb. from doing sth.(阻止某人做某事)。‎ ‎【高分句型2】What is also important is to wash hands regularly and thoroughly with soap, because this can kill viruses.(同样重要的是要经常用肥皂彻底洗手，因为这可以杀死病毒)使用了what引导的主语从句及because引导的原因状语从句。‎ 第二节 概要写作(满分25分)‎ ‎67.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ School uniforms are becoming more and more popular across the U.S.A. That’s no surprise, because they offer many benefits. They immediately end the powerful social sorting and labeling (标记) that come from clothing. If all students are dressed in the same way, they will not pay too much attention to their clothing, and some of them will not be laughed at for wearing the “wrong” clothes.‎ Some people are against the strict rule of school uniforms, but they do not realize that students already accept a kind of rule - wanting to look just like their friends.‎ - 30 -‎ ‎ The difference is that the clothing students choose for themselves creates social barriers (障碍); school uniforms tear those barriers down.‎ As in other places, uniforms remind the wearers of their purposes and duties. For example, when a man or woman puts on a police uniform, he or she becomes, for a time, the symbol (象征) of law and order. The uniform means to the wearer his or her special duties and sends the same message to everyone the wearer meets. People with different jobs wear uniforms of one kind or another. For students, the school uniform reminds them that their task for the six or seven hours they are in school is to get an education.‎ Some parents are unhappy about uniforms, saying that school uniforms will affect their children’s “creativity”. Actually, as noted above, the clothes students choose to wear do not necessarily express their individuality. They just copy their classmates. Students have the rest of the day to be as creative as they like. While they’re in school, their job is to master reading, writing, and mathematics; this should take up all the creativity they have. Mastery of those skills will be good for the students to build up their creativity in every way.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】School uniforms prevail throughout the U.S.A. as they benefit students a lot. While some people are opposed to them, school uniforms satisfy students’ desire to dress similarly like their classmates, which can end social barriers. Uniforms are a reminder of purposes and responsibilities, and school uniforms remind students receiving an education is their major task. Some parents blame kids’ being less creative on wearing uniforms, but real creativity is based on their mastery of knowledge and skills through schooling.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达考察概要写作。‎ - 30 -‎ ‎【详解】概要写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句。如本篇文章第一段引出话题：校服在美国越来越受欢迎，因为校服有很多好处；第二段指出：有些人反对严格的校服规定，但校服满足了学生想穿得和同学一样的愿望，这可以消除社会障碍；第三段指出：校服是对目的和责任的提醒，而学校的校服提醒学生接受教育是他们的主要任务；第四段指出：一些家长指责孩子穿校服缺乏创造力，但真正的创造力是建立在他们通过学校教育掌握知识和技能的基础上的。书写时注意使用适当的连接词连接这些要点，使上下句之间具有连贯性。概要写作的基础是理解语篇，而读懂语篇的基础是词汇，尤其是对关键词汇的掌握与运用。在此基础上，综合运用语法与句法结构，按照行文逻辑组织语言，就可以写出很好的概要。‎ ‎ ‎ - 30 -‎ - 30 -‎