【英语】2020届二轮复习语法专题定语从句讲解及练习学案(含答案)

【英语】2020届二轮复习语法专题定语从句讲解及练习学案(含答案)

‎2020届二轮复习语法专题 定语从句讲解及练习学案 一．定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。‎ 二．特点：1.先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词 ‎2. 关联词：‎ ‎1）引出定语从句，并作从句的一个成分。可作主语、宾语、定语、状语，作宾语可省略。‎ ‎2）关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。‎ 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。‎ 关系副词：when, where, why作时间状语。‎ 三．基本结构：先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分 四．关系代词的用法：‎ ‎1. that 和which that指人或物，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。‎ Which指物，不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。‎ His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.‎ Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?‎ The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.‎ ‎ 注意：The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that)‎ ‎2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句：‎ ‎1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句只能用that This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.‎ ‎2）先行词被序数词修饰时，定语从句只能用that The children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.‎ ‎3）先行词被the only，the very 或the same等修饰，定语从句只能用that引导。‎ It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.‎ Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?‎ This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.‎ ‎4）先行词为everything，something，anything，all，none，much，little，few等不定代词时，定语从句只能用that I want everything (that) I want.‎ I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.‎ ‎5)先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时，只能用that Here is all the money (that) I have.‎ ‎6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时，定语从句只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.‎ ‎7)定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时，定语从句用that引导 Is it the one（that）you want？‎ ‎8）为了避免重复，在疑问词who之后，用that 引导定语从句 Who is the girl that won the first place?‎ ‎3. who和whom ‎ ‎ who指人，在句中作主语和宾语，作宾语可省略。‎ ‎ Whom指人，在句中只能作宾语，可省略，但在介词后面不能省略。‎ Who is the teacher that Xiao Li is talking to?‎ The doctor with whom she went to the United States last month is very famous.‎ ‎=The doctor who/whom/that she went to the United States with last month is very famous.‎ 五.关系副词的用法：‎ ‎1.  when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语 ‎ I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. when=on which ‎2.where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 ‎ This is the house where I lived two years ago.‎ ‎3.why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词.‎ We don’t know the reason why he was late for school.‎ ㈠．单项选择 ‎ ‎1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.‎ ‎ A. that B. who C. whom D. this ‎2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.‎ ‎ A. whom B. which C. who D. /‎ ‎3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.‎ ‎ A. that B. whose C. which D. as ‎4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?‎ ‎ A. the one B. which C. who D. whom ‎5. Is this factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?‎ ‎ A. the one B. that C. which D. /‎ ‎6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. / D. it ‎7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.‎ ‎ A. which B. in which C. that D. all ‎8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.‎ ‎ A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who ‎9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.‎ ‎ A. which B. whom C. whose D. this ‎10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.‎ ‎ A. who B. whom C. which D. /‎ ‎11. This is the only article of these that _____ written by him.‎ ‎ A. was B. were C. is D. are ‎12. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.‎ ‎ A. whom B. who C. / D. he ‎13. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.‎ ‎ A. who live next door B. which lives next door ‎ C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door ‎14. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.‎ ‎ A. which B. whom C. that D. who ‎15. Don’t go in, this is the shop _____ we have just been _____.‎ ‎ A. /, to B. that, / C. where, to D. which, there ‎16. He is the most careful boy _____ I know.‎ ‎ A. what B. which C. as D. / ‎ ‎17. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.‎ ‎ A. in that B. when C. where D. there ‎18. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born?‎ ‎ A. where B. in that C. that D. which ‎19. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.‎ ‎ A. when B. where C. that D. which ‎20. Do you still remember the day _____ we first met?‎ A. that B. when C. what D. on that ‎21. The first time ___ I saw Premier Zhou was in 1958. ‎ A. when B. where C. which D. that ‎ ‎22. October 1, 1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.‎ ‎ A. when B. that C. where D. in which ‎23. October 1, 1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded. A. which B. when C. where D. in which ‎24. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?‎ ‎ A. which B. where C. in which D. what ‎25. Is this museum _____ they visited last month?‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. where D. the one ‎26. I still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.‎ ‎ A. what B. which C. that D. where ‎27. Did you tell your mother all ___ you had seen on the way home? ‎ A. what B. why C. that D. which ‎ ‎28. It’s one of the most important meetings ___ this years. ‎ A. that has been held B. which has been held ‎ C. that have been held D. which have held ‎ ‎29. Do you know who lives in the building ___ there is a well? ‎ A. in front of it B. in front of whose ‎ C. in front of which D. in the front of which ‎ ‎30. I’ll never forget the day ___ I joined the League. ‎ A. on which B. which C. in which D. at which ‎ ‎31. She showed her new watch to my wife, ___ was kept in a box. ‎ A. who B. which C. that D. it ‎ ‎32. She had three sons, all ___ became doctors. ‎ A. who B. whom C. of them D. of whom ‎ ‎33. This is the new type of plane ___ parts are made of plastics. ‎ A. that B. what C. which D. whose ‎ ‎34. ___ is known to all, China is a developing country, belonging to the third world. ‎ A. It B. That C. As D. Which ‎ ‎35. Is this the leaning tower ___ Galileo did experiment centuries ago? ‎ A. that B. where C. which D. when ‎ ㈡．将下列两句话合并成一句.‎ ‎1. I can’t find the book.. I bought a book yesterday.‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. The girl is my sister. The girl is standing on the stage.‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. The West Lake lies in Hangzhou. The West Lake is one of the most famous lakes in China.‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4. I don’t know that boy. The boy is in blue shirt.‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. My brother likes the singers. The singers write their own music. ‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎6. The cat is mine. The cat is playing with a ball. ‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：‎ 一）‎ ‎1-5 A C A B A ‎6-10 B B C A D ‎11-15 A B D D A ‎16-20 D C A B B ‎21-25 D B B A D ‎26-30 D C C C A ‎31-35 B D D C B ‎（二）‎ ‎1. I can’t find the book that/which/ / I bought yesterday.‎ ‎2. The girl who/that is standing on the stage is my sister.‎ ‎3. The West Lake is one of the most famous lakes in China that lies in Hangzhou.‎ ‎4. I don’t know the boy who/that is in blue shirt.‎ ‎5. My brother likes the singers who/that write their own music.‎ ‎6. The cat which/that is playing with a ball is mine.‎