山东省威海市2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷 Word版含解析

山东省威海市2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷 Word版含解析

高一英语 本试卷共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 答卷前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考试号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2. 选择题，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。笔答题，用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。‎ 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. When will the bus leave?‎ A. At 8:00. B. At 8:15. C. At 8:30.‎ ‎2. What might the man be?‎ A. A reporter. B. An athlete. C. A fisherman.‎ ‎3. What does the man mean?‎ A. He has been looking forward to spring.‎ B. He has been waiting for winter sales.‎ C. He will clean the gloves and boots.‎ ‎4. What’s the matter with the woman?‎ A. She can’t reach a specialist.‎ B. She worries about her exam.‎ C. Something is wrong with her eyes.‎ ‎5. Where does this conversation most probably take place?‎ A. At an airport. B. In a hospital. C. At a seaport.‎ - 24 -‎ 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。‎ ‎6. Whom is the man calling?‎ A. An account manager.‎ B. A medical emergency center.‎ C. An electricity service company.‎ ‎7. When will the engineer visit the man?‎ A. On Wednesday morning. B. On Wednesday afternoon. C. At 2 pm this afternoon.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。‎ ‎8. Who is Sue Walter?‎ A. A radio hostess. B. A judge in court. C. A business manager.‎ ‎9. In Sue’s eyes, what is the best part about her job?‎ A. Helping people.‎ B. Getting satisfying pay.‎ C. Having a voice in decision-making.‎ ‎10. What does Sue think happiness is?‎ A Enjoying simple gifts. B. Sharing with others. C. Having moments of relief.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。‎ ‎11. In what way are these climbers special?‎ A. They’re all disabled. B. They’re all tall guys. C. They’re all Africans.‎ ‎12. Why did they choose to conquer(征服) Mount Kilimanjaro?‎ A. To view the rare beauty. B. To set a special record. C. To prove the human spirit.‎ ‎13. How long did the adventure last?‎ A. 30 days. B. 13 days. C. 5 days.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。‎ ‎14. What is Alan doing?‎ - 24 -‎ A. Selling all sorts of cards. B. Sorting out the rubbish. C. Tearing open the package.‎ ‎15. Who recycles empty glass bottles?‎ A. Lisa. B. Clive. C. Becky.‎ ‎16. What does Mark recycle?‎ A. His comics(连环画). B. His old clothes. C. His metal things.‎ ‎17. Why do they recycle things?‎ A. To save money. B. To protect the planet. C. To make some room.‎ 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。‎ ‎18. Whose request is the company responding to?‎ A. The supervisor. B. The manager. C. The president.‎ ‎19. Which action will NOT be taken by the Davis Company to save energy?‎ A. To turn off lights when leaving.‎ B. To do office cleaning after work.‎ C. To wear warm clothes in winter.‎ ‎20. The employees are encouraged to contact their supervisors when ________‎ A. they have a complaint.‎ B. their offices become too cold.‎ C. they have energy saving suggestions.‎ 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A ‎[1] It happens countless times a day. A flower’s bright color and the smell of sweet nectar (花蜜) attract a bee. The bee stops by for a quick taste and small grains of pollen (the powder produced by a flower) stick to its body. The bee then travels to another flower of the same type and leaves the pollen as it has another meal. This is an example of animal pollination (授粉) — a process extremely important to plant reproduction.‎ ‎[2] It’s not only plants that depend on animal pollination — humans do, too. Worldwide, nearly a thousand plants that we grow for food, spices, clothing fibers, and medicine depend on it. If pollination - 24 -‎ ‎ suddenly stopped, we would have no apples, tomatoes, coffee, and many other goods.‎ ‎[3] This important process is carried out by more than 200,000 different animal species known as pollinators. Flies and beetles - the original pollinators - date back 130 million years to the first flowering plants. Birds, butterflies, and ants also do their part. Even nonflying mammals help out: monkeys tear open flowers with their hands, accidentally spreading pollen into the air and onto their fur.‎ ‎[4] Pollinators are therefore important, but they are also at risk. Climate change, habitat loss, and invasive predators (入侵捕食者) all threaten them. The United States, for example, has lost over 50 percent of its honeybees over the past ten years. A serious threat facing bees is colony collapse disorder, when worker bees mysteriously disappear from their colony. Scientists are still trying to identify its cause.‎ ‎[5] There is a quote attributed to Einstein that if bees ever disappeared, man would only have four years left to live. Whether that’s true or not does not really matter, says wildlife photographer Louie Schwartzberg: the key point is that there is a real danger. “The healthiest food we need to eat,” he says, “would disappear without pollinating plants. It’s pretty serious.”‎ ‎1. What might be left on flower B, as is shown in the picture?‎ A. Nectar.‎ B. Pollen.‎ C. Leaves.‎ D. Fur.‎ ‎2. What can be inferred from the text?‎ A. Pollination means a lot to fruits and grains.‎ B. Nearly a thousand plants depend on pollination.‎ C. Monkeys are the only nonflying mammal pollinators.‎ D. There are more than 20,000 different species of pollinators.‎ - 24 -‎ ‎3. What threat are honeybees faced with?‎ A. Climate change. B. Habitat loss.‎ C. Invasive predators. D. Colony collapse disorder.‎ ‎4. What does the underlined “a real danger” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A. Bees are disappearing. B. Humans can only survive 4 years.‎ C. Food shortage is serious. D. No pollinating plants, no healthy food.‎ ‎5. Which might be the best title?‎ A. The Importance of Pollinators B. The Creator of Nature C. The Wonder of Reproduction D. The Secret Life of Bees ‎【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了授粉者对世界的重要性。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第一段中的“he bee stops by for a quick taste and small grains of pollen (the powder produced by a flower) stick to its body. The bee then travels to another flower of the same type and leaves the pollen as it has another meal.”（蜜蜂停下来快速尝一尝，小粒花粉（花朵产生的粉末）黏在的身体上。然后蜜蜂跑到另一朵花上，在吃另一顿饭时留下花粉。）可知蜜蜂在花朵A上沾到花粉，又跑到花朵B上，会在花朵B上留下花粉。故选B项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Worldwide, nearly a thousand plants that we grow for food, spices, clothing fibers, and medicine depend on it. If pollination suddenly stopped, we would have no apples, tomatoes, coffee, and many other goods.”（在世界范围内，我们种植的用于食品、香料、服装纤维和医药的近千种植物都依赖于授粉。如果授粉突然停止，我们就没有苹果、西红柿、咖啡和其他许多商品。）可推断出授粉对水果和谷物有很大的意义。故选A项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段中的“A serious threat facing bees is colony collapse disorder, when worker bees mysteriously disappear from their colony.”（蜜蜂面临的一个严重威胁是蜂群崩溃失调，工蜂会神秘地从蜂群中消失。）可知蜜蜂面临蜂群崩溃失调的威胁。故选D项。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。由第五段中的“Whether that’s true or not does not really matter, says wildlife ‎ - 24 -‎ photographer Louie Schwartzberg: the key point is that there is a real danger. “The healthiest food we need to eat,” he says, “would disappear without pollinating plants. It’s pretty serious.””（野生动物摄影师路易·施瓦茨伯格说：不管那是真是假并不重要，关键是存在真正的危险。“我们需要吃的最健康的食物，”他说，“如果不给植物授粉，它们就会消失。这很严重。”），可知，a real danger（真正的危险）指的是“没有授粉植物，没有健康的食物”。故选D项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。由第二段首句“It’s not only plants that depend on animal pollination — humans do, too.”（赖动物授粉的不仅是植物，人类也是。）第四段首句“Pollinators are therefore important, but they are also at risk.”（因此，传粉者很重要，但它们也处于危险之中。）和第五段“There is a quote attributed to Einstein that if bees ever disappeared, man would only have four years left to live. Whether that’s true or not does not really matter, says wildlife photographer Louie Schwartzberg: the key point is that there is a real danger. “The healthiest food we need to eat,” he says, “would disappear without pollinating plants. It’s pretty serious.””（爱因斯坦有句名言，如果蜜蜂消失了，人类只剩下四年的寿命。野生动物摄影师路易·施瓦茨伯格说：关键是存在真正的危险。“我们需要吃的最健康的食物，”他说，“如果不给植物授粉，它们就会消失。这很严重。”）可推断出文章讲的是授粉者的重要性。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“授粉者的重要性”。故选A项。‎ B ‎[1] In 1856, a British survey team measured the height of Qomolangma with the result of 8,840 meters above sea level. However, the exact measurement has never been settled. In 1955, the figure was adjusted by an Indian survey team to 8,848 meters, and later to 8,850 meters according to a US team in 1999. And in 2005, a Chinese team gained a height of 8,844 meters, but that result wasn't widely accepted either.‎ ‎[2] On May 6, 2020, a 30-member Chinese survey team, equipped with the latest technology, including a Global Navigation Satellite System receiver and a radar to measure the mountain's snow cap, is determined to settle the dispute (争议).‎ ‎[3] But measuring Qomolangma is no easy task. The average air temperature there is -29℃ and hurricane-like winds blow all the time. According to Li Guopeng, leader of the No.1 Geodetic Survey Team of China's Ministry of Natural Resources, despite advanced technologies we now have — the likes of robots and drones — it’s uncertain that they can operate smoothly under extreme conditions,‎ - 24 -‎ ‎ which is why sending human experts to the peak is still necessary to ensure a precise reading.‎ ‎[4] But ______‎ ‎[5] The truth is that measuring the height of Qomolangma is much more than just getting that one particular number. Mount Qomolangma is the perfect window for observing crustal (地壳的) movements. Tiny changes to the peak's height can indicate whether the two plates, the Eurasian plate and the Indian plate, are heading toward or away from each other. The survey team will also get firsthand information about the condition of the snow and other natural materials at the top, which could be an indicator of climate change on the Tibet-Qinghai Plateau.‎ ‎[6] It might be true that settling a dispute was the driving force for continued exploration, but the good thing is that we always end up discovering so much more.‎ ‎6. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?‎ A. The importance of Qomolangma. B. The dispute of Qomolangma’s height.‎ C The difficulty in measuring Qomolangma. D. The change of Qomolangma’s height.‎ ‎7. What does Li Guopeng think of the new devices they carried?‎ A. They can read and deal with the results precisely.‎ B. They might break down under unusual conditions.‎ C. They are the latest advanced technology in the world.‎ D. They will work properly without human’s instructions.‎ ‎8. Which of the following is best for the blank in the text?‎ A. what is the process of China’s measurement?‎ B. how is the latest technology used for the research?‎ C does a tiny difference really matter for a huge mountain?‎ D. do extreme conditions actually affect the measurement?‎ ‎9. What is to be discovered through the exact height of Qomolangma?‎ A. The depth of snowcap. B. The diversity of natural materials.‎ C. The state of crustal movements. D. The change of worldwide climate.‎ ‎10. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text?‎ A. To recommend a good way to settle a dispute.‎ B. To show the history of measuring Qomolangma.‎ C. To advertise China’s latest advanced technology.‎ - 24 -‎ D. To stress the value of China’s latest exploration in Qomolangma.‎ ‎【答案】6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，世界各国关于珠穆朗玛峰的高度未达到广泛共识，中国正努力得出它的确切高度。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。由第一段“In 1856, a British survey team measured the height of Qomolangma with the result of 8,840 meters above sea level. However, the exact measurement has never been settled. In 1955, the figure was adjusted by an Indian survey team to 8,848 meters, and later to 8,850 meters according to a US team in 1999. And in 2005, a Chinese team gained a height of 8,844 meters, but that result wasn't widely accepted either.”（856年，一个英国测量队测量了珠穆朗玛峰的高度，结果是海拔8840米。然而，确切的测量一直没有确定。1955年，印度的一个调查小组将这一数字调整为8848米，1999年美国的一个调查小组将这一数字调整为8850米。2005年，一支中国队获得了8844米的高度，但这个结果也没有被广泛接受。），可知本段主要讲珠穆朗玛峰海拔高度之争。故选B项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第三段中的“According to Li Guopeng, leader of the No.1 Geodetic Survey Team of China's Ministry of Natural Resources, despite advanced technologies we now have — the likes of robots and drones — it’s uncertain that they can operate smoothly under extreme conditions, which is why sending human experts to the peak is still necessary to ensure a precise reading.”（据中国自然资源部第一大地测量队领队李国鹏说，尽管我们现在拥有先进的技术，比如机器人和无人机，但在极端条件下它们能否平稳运行还不确定，这就是为什么派人类专家到山顶上仍然有必要确保精确的读数的原因。），可知新设备能否平稳运行还不确定，可推断出新设备可能会在异常情况下发生故障。故选B项。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第五段“The truth is that measuring the height of Qomolangma is much more than just getting that one particular number. Mount Qomolangma is the perfect window for observing crustal (地壳的) movements. Tiny changes to the peak's height can indicate whether the two plates, the Eurasian plate and the Indian plate, are heading toward or away from each other. The survey team will also get firsthand information about the condition of the snow and other natural materials at the - 24 -‎ ‎ top, which could be an indicator of climate change on the Tibet-Qinghai Plateau.”（事实上，测量珠穆朗玛峰的高度不仅仅是得到一个特定的数字。珠穆朗玛峰是观察地壳运动的最佳窗口。峰顶高度的微小变化可以表明欧亚板块和印度板块这两个板块是走向还是远离彼此。调查组还将获得有关山顶积雪和其他自然物质状况的第一手资料，这些资料可能是青藏高原气候变化的一个指标。），可知第五段解释了珠穆朗玛峰海拔高度测量的重要性，C项“对于一座大山来说，微小的差别真的很重要吗？”承接第五段内容，符合文意。故选C项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第五段中的“Mount Qomolangma is the perfect window for observing crustal (地壳的) movements. Tiny changes to the peak's height can indicate whether the two plates, the Eurasian plate and the Indian plate, are heading toward or away from each other.”（珠穆朗玛峰是观察地壳运动的最佳窗口。峰顶高度的微小变化可以表明欧亚板块和印度板块这两个板块是走向还是远离彼此。调查组还将获得有关山顶积雪和其他自然物质状况的第一手资料，这些资料可能是青藏高原气候变化的一个指标。），可知通过珠穆朗玛峰的确切高度可以发现地壳运动的状态。故选C项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第一段讲“珠穆朗玛峰高度之争”，第二三段讲“中国想要解决关于珠穆朗玛峰高度的争端，派出勘测队想要得出珠穆朗玛峰的确切高度”，第四五段讲“珠穆朗玛峰确切海拔高度测量的重要性”，第六段讲“也许解决争端是继续探索的动力，但好在我们最终总能发现更多”，可知全文强调中国想要在珠穆朗玛峰勘探中做出贡献，发现它的价值，D项“强调中国在珠穆朗玛峰最新勘探中的价值”符合文意。故选D项。‎ C ‎[1] I was interested in different science fiction ideas and technologies. But there is one theme in science fiction that has always troubled me: when technology subverts (颠覆) its creators.‎ ‎[2] I’ve been involved in dozens of technology projects. I have to admit that seldom in our design or business discussions have we spent much time on the possible negative impact of our work on the world. Instead, in most cases we just create technology because we see a need, or to solve a problem.‎ ‎[3] Technology has been responsible for an age of distraction. Recently while driving from northern New York City to the Elmira area, I saw signs saying, “Next texting stop is three miles ahead. Don’t text and drive.” Most states have already outlawed texting while driving, and yet we hear almost weekly of traffic accidents caused by drivers tapping on smartphones. I don’t believe Steve Jobs and ‎ - 24 -‎ Apple dreamed that the iPhone, or smartphones in general, would give rise to this level of distraction.‎ ‎[4] In a recent Harvard Business Review piece entitled “Liberal Arts (人文科学) in the Data Age,” the author writes about the importance of reconnecting humanism with engineering approach. Many of today’s engineers have been so focused on creating new technologies that their short term goals risk covering up unintended long-term outcomes. A few companies, such as Intel, are forward-thinking enough to include ethics (伦理学) professionals on their staff. At this point all tech companies should start getting serious about the need to hire people with backgrounds in areas such as psychology and philosophy (哲学).‎ ‎[5] My hope is that we can all move a little more in creating technology that is both impactful and thoughtful in its engagement with our lives and the world.‎ ‎11. What inspires people to create technologies according to the writer?‎ A. A desire to think and create. B. An interest in technology.‎ C. A need to settle a problem. D. An idea from science fiction.‎ ‎12. Why is the example of “texting” mentioned in Paragraph 3?‎ A. To tell the arrival of a new age. B. To criticize wrong driving behaviors.‎ C. To stress Steve Jobs’ contributions. D. To show negative impact of technology.‎ ‎13. Which of the following can best replace “give rise to” in Paragraph 3?‎ A. Cause. B. Resolve.‎ C. Confirm. D. Permit.‎ ‎14. According to the writer, forward-thinking tech companies should ________.‎ A. value liberal arts professionals B. put huge profits first C. focus on creating new technologies D. hire bookish engineers ‎15. What does the writer want to get across to readers?‎ A. The significance of Liberal Arts. B. Less dependence on technology.‎ C. The importance of humanism in technology. D. Diverse views on science fiction.‎ ‎【答案】11. C 12. D 13. A 14. A 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议。文章讲述了，技术给世界带来了改变，也有负面影响，人们应在创造既有影响力又能与我们的生活和世界有关的技术方面多做一点，重视人文主义在技术中的重要性。‎ - 24 -‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段尾句“Instead, in most cases we just create technology because we see a need, or to solve a problem.”（相反，在大多数情况下，我们创造技术只是因为我们看到了一种需要，或者说是为了解决一个问题。），可知解决问题的需要激发了人们创造技术。故选C项。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段中的“I’ve been involved in dozens of technology projects. I have to admit that seldom in our design or business discussions have we spent much time on the possible negative impact of our work on the world.”（我参与了几十个技术项目。我不得不承认，在我们的设计或商业讨论中，我们很少花太多的时间来探讨我们的工作对世界可能产生的负面影响。），第三段中的“Technology has been responsible for an age of distraction.”（技术一直是分心时代的罪魁祸首。）和第三段中的“Most states have already outlawed texting while driving, and yet we hear almost weekly of traffic accidents caused by drivers tapping on smartphones.”（大多数州已经宣布开车时发短信是违法的，然而我们几乎每周都会听到司机敲击智能手机造成交通事故。），可推断出第三段提到“发短信”的例子是为了显示技术的负面影响。故选D项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 短语猜测题。由第三段中的“Technology has been responsible for an age of distraction.”（技术一直是分心时代的罪魁祸首。）和第三段中的“Most states have already outlawed texting while driving, and yet we hear almost weekly of traffic accidents caused by drivers tapping on smartphones. I don’t believe Steve Jobs and Apple dreamed that the iPhone, or smartphones in general, would give rise to this level of distraction.”（大多数州已经宣布开车时发短信是违法的，然而我们几乎每周都会听到司机敲击智能手机造成交通事故。我不相信史蒂夫·乔布斯和苹果曾梦想过iPhone或者一般的智能手机会引起这种程度的分心。），可知开车使用智能手机分心了，才会引起交通事故，即有时“技术导致分心”，give rise to在此处意为“Cause（引起、导致）”。故选A项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第四段中的“In a recent Harvard Business Review piece entitled “Liberal Arts (人文科学) in the Data Age,” the author writes about the importance of reconnecting humanism with engineering approach.”（在《哈佛商业评论》最近的一篇题为“数据时代的人文科学”的文章中，作者写到了将人文主义与工程方法重新联系起来的重要性。）和“A few companies, such as Intel, are forward-thinking enough to include ethics (伦理学) professionals on their staff. At this point - 24 -‎ ‎ all tech companies should start getting serious about the need to hire people with backgrounds in areas such as psychology and philosophy (哲学).”（一些公司，如英特尔，有足够的前瞻性思维，在员工中加入了职业道德专家。在这一点上，所有的科技公司都应该开始认真考虑招聘具有心理学和哲学等领域背景的人才的必要性。），可推断出作者认为具有前瞻性的科技公司应该重视文科专业人才。故选A项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段“I was interested in different science fiction ideas and technologies. But there is one theme in science fiction that has always troubled me: when technology subverts (颠覆) its creators.”（我对不同的科幻思想和技术很感兴趣。但科幻小说中有一个主题一直困扰着我：当科技颠覆了它的创造者。），第二段中的“I have to admit that seldom in our design or business discussions have we spent much time on the possible negative impact of our work on the world.”（我不得不承认，在我们的设计或商业讨论中，我们很少花太多的时间来探讨我们的工作对世界可能产生的负面影响。），第三段中的“Technology has been responsible for an age of distraction.”（技术一直是分心时代的罪魁祸首。），第四段中的“A few companies, such as Intel, are forward-thinking enough to include ethics (伦理学) professionals on their staff. At this point all tech companies should start getting serious about the need to hire people with backgrounds in areas such as psychology and philosophy (哲学).”（一些公司，如英特尔，有足够的前瞻性思维，在员工中加入了职业道德专家。在这一点上，所有的科技公司都应该开始认真考虑招聘具有心理学和哲学等领域背景的人才的必要性。）和第五段“My hope is that we can all move a little more in creating technology that is both impactful and thoughtful in its engagement with our lives and the world.”（我的希望是，我们都能在创造既有影响力又能与我们的生活和世界有关的技术方面多做一点。），可推断出作者想让读者明白人文主义在技术中的重要性。故选C项。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10 分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。将相应选项的标号（A、B、C、D、E…）涂在答题卡上。‎ Franklin’s Experiment: How Much Is True?‎ Benjamin Franklin’s famous lightning experiment has introduced generations of children to science. ___16___‎ The well-known story is that Franklin flew a kite during a storm in 1752. At that time, there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity. ‎ - 24 -‎ ‎____17____ He raised the kite with a piece of string tied to it. A metal key was attached to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted through the string to the key. ____18____ This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity.‎ For years, schools have taught this story and it has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.‎ However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. ____19____ But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock.‎ Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity.‎ ‎___20___ But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear — even if it is a great story.‎ A. Franklin was one of them.‎ B. The detail about the string and the key is true.‎ C. It’s true that many discoveries start with an experiment.‎ D. Admittedly, fiction is often more interesting than the truth.‎ E. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock.‎ F. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact.‎ G. This experiment proves beyond any doubt that lightning is an electric phenomenon.‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了富兰克林的实验有多少是真的？因为在科学中，事实应该通过实验和研究来证明，不应该依据一个伟大的故事。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ - 24 -‎ 由文章标题“富兰克林的实验：多少是真的？”和第四段前两句“然而，这个故事和实验的细节都不是完全真实的。尽管富兰克林的实验已经被证明发生过，但不止一位科学家质疑到底发生了什么。”可知，富兰克林著名的闪电实验虽让孩子们认识到了科学，但这个故事可能是假的，不是真的，承接上下文，F选项“然而，新的研究表明，这个故事可能是虚构的，而不是事实。”切题。故选F项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 由上两句“那时，人们对电很感兴趣。人们想知道闪电是否真的是由电产生的。”和下三句“他用一根绳子把风筝举起来。一把金属钥匙系在绳子上。一道闪电击中了风筝，电通过绳子传导到了钥匙上。”可知，富兰克林开展了闪电实验，说明他对电很感兴趣，也是对电很感兴趣的人们中的一员，承接上下文，A选项“富兰克林就是其中之一。”切题。故选A项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 由上两句“一把金属钥匙系在绳子上。一道闪电击中了风筝，电通过绳子传导到了钥匙上。”和下一句“他说，这证明了闪电是电一种形式。”可推断出，富兰克林通过自己触电来证明电的存在，承接上下文，E选项“富兰克林接着用手指碰了一下钥匙，触电了。”切题；该选项中的the key和an electric shock对应上文的the key和A flash of lightning hit。故选E项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 由上两句“然而，这个故事和实验的细节都不是完全真实的。尽管富兰克林的实验已经被证明发生过，但不止一位科学家质疑到底发生了什么。”可知，承接上文，富兰克林的实验虽不是完全真实，但实验发生过，可得出有关绳子和钥匙的内容是真的，B选项“关于绳子和钥匙的细节是真的。”切题。故选B项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 由下一句“但是在科学中，事实应该通过实验和研究来证明，我们不应该总是相信我们所读或听到的一切，即使它是一个伟大的故事。”可知，承接下文，D选项“诚然，小说往往比事实更有趣。”切题；上下两句是转折关系，小说虽比事实有趣，但科学要严谨，应该通过实验和研究来证明。故选D项。‎ 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分35分）‎ 第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Hardship comes in different shapes and sizes. But few things in life are as ___21___ as feeling cut off from the people we love.‎ Recently, while ___22___ against the COVID-19, my grandkids and I have to stay indoors and started ___23___ via Wechat. Mostly, I read to them because I love doing it, but I also do it for their ‎ - 24 -‎ parents' mental health. Besides having to stay indoors, they are ___24___ to homeschool their kids, who can't go to school or play with their friends.‎ Reading to each other is an age-old practice to me. It has ___25___ and healing (治愈的) power especially in current situation. When we read, we see the words with our eyes. But hearing them read is a different ___26___, we just need to be quiet and listen. Sometimes, the voice and the love it___27___ mean far more than the words. Today, I wechatted with my grandkids, Ran and Wey, and read them a book my kids loved long ago, and they thought it ___28___, frequently bursting out laughing.‎ Now more than ever, while keeping a safe distance, we all need to ___29___ each other. Sometimes the words we read are so powerful that they will never be ____30____.‎ ‎21. A. life-changing B. heartbreaking C. risk-taking D. troublemaking ‎22. A. sheltering B. arguing C. going D. warning ‎23. A. chatting B. reading C. drawing D. singing ‎24. A. permitted B. selected C. invited D. forced ‎25. A. comforting B. suffering C. controlling D. opposing ‎26. A. atmosphere B. experience C. exploration D. choice ‎27. A. identifies B. harvests C. defends D. involves ‎28. A. annoying B. incredible C. funny D. complicated ‎29. A. sing high praise for B. show respect for C. give way to D. hold on to ‎30. A. considered B. changed C. forgotten D. expected ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了新冠期间，作者与亲人隔绝，通过微信阅读来抚慰心灵。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，生活中没有什么比感觉与我们所爱的人隔绝更令人心碎的了。A. life-changing改变人生的；B. heartbreaking心碎的；C. risk-taking冒险的；D. troublemaking制造麻烦的。由下文的feeling cut off from the people we love - 24 -‎ 可知，与所爱的人隔绝令人心碎。故选B项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，在躲避COVID-19（新冠肺炎）的时候，我和孙子们不得不待在家里，开始通过微信进行阅读。A. sheltering躲避；B. arguing争辩；C. going去；D. warning警告。由下文的against the COVID-19可知，是在躲避COVID-19。故选A项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，在躲避COVID-19的时候，我和孙子们不得不待在家里，开始通过微信进行阅读。A. chatting聊天；B. reading阅读；C. drawing画画；D. singing唱歌。由下文的I read to them because I love doing it可知，新冠期间作者开始通过微信进行阅读。故选B项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了必须待在家里，他们还被迫在家教育孩子，孩子不能上学，不能和朋友一起玩。A. permitted承认；B. selected选择；C. invited邀请；D. forced强迫。由上文while ___2___ against the COVID-19和Besides having to stay indoors可知，新冠期间不能出门，孩子无法去上学，父母亲人只能被迫在家教育孩子。故选D项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它具有抚慰和治愈的力量，尤其是在当前的情况下。A. comforting安慰；B. suffering遭受；C. controlling控制；D. opposing反对。由下文的healing(治愈的) power可知，阅读具有抚慰和治愈的力量。故选A项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但听他们朗读是另一种体验，我们只需要安静地倾听。A. atmosphere气氛；B. experience经历、体验；C. exploration探索；D. choice选择。由上文的hearing them read可知，这是一种体验/经历。故选B项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候，声音和它（朗读）所包含的爱，远比言语更重要。A. identifies认出；B. harvests收获；C. defends防御；D. involves包含。由本处语境可知，此处指孩子们朗读时所包含的爱。故选D项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，我和我的孙子孙女们聊了天，Ran和Wey，给他们读了一本我的孩子们很久以前喜欢的书，他们觉得很有趣，经常大笑。A. annoying烦人的；B.‎ - 24 -‎ ‎ incredible难以置信的；C. funny有趣的；D. complicated复杂的。由下文的bursting out laughing可知，这本书很有趣。故选C项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当保持一个安全距离时，现在，我们比以往任何时候，我们都需要互相扶持。A. sing high praise for高度赞扬；B. show respect for尊重；C. give way to向……妥协；D. hold on to坚持住。由上文语境可知，此处指新冠期间，虽然只能待在家里，但家人们要相互扶持。故选D项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我们读到的单词是如此的强大，以至于它们永远不会被遗忘。A. considered考虑；B. changed改变；C. forgotten忘记；D. expected期望。由上文语境可知，阅读具有抚慰和治愈的力量，阅读声音和阅读所包含的爱，远比言语更重要，所以读到的单词永远不会被遗忘。故选C项。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 请根据汉语意思及首字母将单词的完整形式写在答题卡上。‎ ‎31.In a school or college, c______(核心) subjects are a group of subjects that have to be studied.(根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子)‎ ‎【答案】core ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词。句意：在学校或大学里，核心学科是一组必须学习的学科。空格后单词subjects为名词，前面应用形容词修饰。core意为“核心的”，形容词词性，在句中作定语修饰subjects，符合句意。故填core。‎ ‎32.All d______(捐献) blood is tested for HIV and other infections. (根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子)‎ ‎【答案】donated ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有捐赠的血液都要进行艾滋病病毒和其他传染病病毒检测。分析句子结构可知，动词donate表示“捐献”的意思，在句中作定语，修饰名词blood，和名词blood之间是被动关系，需用过去分词donated表示。故填donated。‎ ‎33.A walking house is ______(有能力的) of using GPS technology to travel to different places. (根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子)‎ - 24 -‎ ‎【答案】capable ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词。句意：一个行走的房子能够使用GPS技术去不同的地方旅行。根据汉语意思“有能力的”可知应填形容词capable，作表语。短语be capable of“能够”。故填capable。‎ ‎34.They exchanged g______(问候) and got down to business. (根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子)‎ ‎【答案】greetings ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们互致问候，开始谈正事。此处用名词形式作谓语exchanged的宾语，greeting表示祝词、贺词，或给某人正式的问候时，是可数名词，在本句中“问候”是双方的，应用名词复数形式。故填greetings。‎ ‎35.The plastic that ends up in the ocean might be _______(消费) by the same fish which gets on our plate. (根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子)‎ ‎【答案】consumed ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词语态。句意：最终流入海洋的塑料可能会被我们盘子里的同一条鱼吃掉。根据汉语意思“消费”可知应填动词consume，作主句的谓语，且与主语plastic 构成被动关系。故填consumed。‎ ‎36.Experts say the bad weather has o______(发生) so frequently mainly due to climate change. (根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子)‎ ‎【答案】occurred ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查过去分词。句意：专家说，恶劣天气的频繁发生主要是由于气候变化。此处谓语结构缺失，由句意可知，此句指过去发生的事对现在产生的影响，所以时态用现在完成时（has done），应用过去分词occurred。故填occurred。‎ ‎37.Like the young, old people also have the need of cultural life and the need of a_______(娱乐). (根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子)‎ ‎【答案】amusement ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词。句意：和年轻人一样，老年人也有文化生活的需要和娱乐的需要。the need - 24 -‎ ‎ of a_____是名词所有格，和and后面的名词所有格the need of cultural life一起做谓语have的宾语，不可数名词amusement（娱乐）符合句意。故填amusement。‎ ‎38.We regret to i_______(告知) you that your application has been rejected. (根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子)‎ ‎【答案】inform ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词。句意：我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请已被拒绝。regret to do sth.（遗憾做某事），此处用动词原形，动词inform符合句意。故填inform。‎ ‎39.The meeting discussed how to promote c________(合作) between the two countries. (根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子)‎ ‎【答案】cooperation ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词。句意：会议讨论了如何促进两国间的合作。此处用名词形式作动词promote的宾语，此处指合作，cooperation（合作）不可数名词，不加s，故填cooperation。‎ ‎40.The defending champion faced several strong ________(对手) in the quarter-finals. (根据汉语意思及首字母完成句子)‎ ‎【答案】opponents ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词的数。句意：卫冕冠军在四分之一决赛中遇到几个强有力的对手。根据汉语意思“对手”可知应填名词opponent，作宾语，且opponent为可数名词，由several修饰应用复数形式。故填opponents。‎ 第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Recently I dined at a “dark restaurant”, ___41___ people eat in complete darkness, ___42___ (serve) by blind staff. I wanted to understand the experience of being blind, and I thought ___43___ (eat) would be the most difficult activity.‎ It was a difficult meal. Because we couldn’t see where anything was, my friend and I knocked over glasses and ___44___ (drop) food. My senses of taste and smell became more sensitive, and I ate much more ___45___ (slow). Pouring water was very difficult, plus I kept drinking from my friend’s glass.‎ - 24 -‎ After ___46___ (fail) to pick up any food with a fork, I decided to use my hands. I reached down, ___47___ (expect) rice and vegetables, but instead I stuck my hand into a bowl of warm, thick soup. “It’s best to use a spoon for this course,” the waiter said into my ear, helpfully but much too late. Even using a spoon, most of the soup ended up on my shirt. I felt ___48___ (embarrass), even though no one could see me.‎ Our waiter advised us ___49___ (lift) the plates and bowls close to our faces. However, I still left the restaurant with a sense of ____50____ (hungry), though I was much more aware of the challenges that blind people face.‎ ‎【答案】41. where ‎ ‎42. served 43. eating ‎ ‎44. dropped ‎ ‎45. slowly 46. failing ‎ ‎47. expecting ‎ ‎48. embarrassed ‎ ‎49. to lift ‎ ‎50. hunger ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者在一家“黑暗餐厅”用餐的经历，让他明白了盲人面临的挑战。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查非限制性定语从句关系词。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a “dark restaurant”，在从句中做地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查过去分词。主句已有谓语dined且无连词，此空用非谓语形式，主句主语I和动词serve是动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动，作状语。故填served。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动名词。动词thought后接宾语从句，此处用动名词做宾语从句的主语。故填eating。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查时态。文章讲述的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，动词drop和and的前面的谓语knocked over是并列谓语结构，此空谓语动词用一般过去时。故填dropped。‎ - 24 -‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查副词。slow要修饰谓语动词ate，副词修饰动词。故填slowly。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查现在分词。非谓语动词作状语时，有时为了使所表示的【时间、条件】一目了然，可以在非谓语动词前加if/when/while/after等连词。主语I和动词fail是主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，做状语。故填failing。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查现在分词。本句已有谓语reached且无连词，此空用非谓语形式，。主语I和动词expect是主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，做状语。故填expecting。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词。本句意为“我觉得很尴尬，尽管没人能看见我。”，形容人c常用-ed形容词，形容物常用-ing形容词，此处指“我觉得很尴尬”，形容人用-ed形容词embarrassed（感到尴尬的），embarrassing（令人尴尬的）。故填embarrassed。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式。固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.（建议某人做某事），此处用动词不定式（to do）。故填to lift。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词。a sense of +名词，意为“一种……的感觉”，hunger是不可数名词。故填hunger。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 概要写作（满分20分）‎ ‎51.阅读下面短文, 根据内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ Is Fast Fashion Taking Over?‎ The fashion industry has changed significantly in recent years. Traditionally, fashion retailers(零售商) created two clothing collections per year, called seasons. Nowadays, in contrast, they can design and manufacture(生产) clothes in as little as four weeks. Fast Fashion means that the latest designs shown at the fashion shows in Paris, London, New York, and Milan can be coped and sold in shopping malls within a month.‎ The advantages of rapidly changing fashions are clear. Shortening the life cycle of a product means that if a design doesn’t sell well within a week, it is taken out of the stores and replaced with a new one. This is good for manufacturers, as it means a greater volume of sales. It is also good for - 24 -‎ ‎ customers, who can keep up with fast-moving trends cheaply and who can enjoy finding something new every time they visit the store.‎ However, there are also a number of disadvantages to the fast-fashion approach. Perhaps the biggest concern is the impact of wasted clothes on the environment. The low cost of most fast fashion enables shoppers to buy several new sets of clothes each season. This means that huge amounts of clothing are thrown away. Furthermore, with fashions changing so quickly, cotton growers need to produce more cotton more cheaply, and that means using more pesticides and chemicals. A third problem is the theft of ideas. Fashion houses invest a lot of time and money in new designs, only to see these ideas stolen and copied by fast-fashion companies.‎ In short, these days it seems that the fashion industry is changing almost as fast as the fashion it produces. What do you think of this?‎ ‎【答案】Nowadays, fast fashion has shortened the life cycle of clothes to four weeks, which means a greater volume of sales for manufacturers and cheaper and more fashionable clothes for customers. However, the wasted clothes due to the low cost and more usage of chemicals can do great harm to the environment. Besides, the theft of designs is also a serious problem caused by fast fashion. (65)‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇概要写作。‎ ‎【详解】写作步骤 ‎1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章说明了如今，快时尚已经将服装的生命周期缩短到四周，这对于制造商来说意味着更大的销售量，对于消费者来说意味着更便宜更时尚的衣服。然而，由于低成本和更多的化学品的使用，浪费的衣服可以对环境造成很大的危害。此外，设计被盗也是快速时尚带来的一个严重问题。‎ ‎2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构，归纳文章各段大意。‎ ‎3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。‎ ‎4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：‎ ‎（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。‎ ‎（2‎ - 24 -‎ ‎）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。‎ ‎（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。‎ ‎（4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。‎ ‎（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：shorten，life cycle，a greater volume of等高级词汇；Nowadays, fast fashion has shortened the life cycle of clothes to four weeks, which means a greater volume of sales for manufacturers and cheaper and more fashionable clothes for customers.非限制性定语从句；Besides, the theft of designs is also a serious problem caused by fast fashion.非谓语动词的运用等高级句式。‎ 第二节 ‎52.应用文写作 Suppose you are Li Hua. You are at a Chinese Art Festival. Please do a live broadcast(直播) to introduce one or two of the following art forms to your friend Eric in New Zealand. (The beginning is given and 80 words or so are expected.)‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Hi, Eric! I’m now at a Chinese Art Festival and I’m going to introduce paper cutting and calligraphy in today’s live broadcast.‎ - 24 -‎ As you know, both paper cutting and calligraphy are China’s most popular and characteristic folk arts. Let’s first get close to the paper-cut. Look! How amazing the four figures are. Can you feel their determination to fight with Wuhanese against COVID-19? I guess that's why it attracts many people. Now, let’s move on to the calligraphy stand. How free and elegant the strokes are! Amazing, isn’t it?‎ Bye for now. I do hope you can experience such a festival and feel the power of Chinese arts.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇提纲类写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是李华。你在一个中国艺术节上，请现场直播，向你在新西兰的朋友Eric介绍以下一两种艺术形式。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：Chinese Art Festival (中国艺术节)；paper cutting (剪纸)；calligraphy (书法)；both…and…(两者都……)等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如How amazing the four figures are.运用了感叹句；I guess that's why it attracts many people.运用了表语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 24 -‎