2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2Cloning单元学案（34页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2Cloning单元学案（34页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit 2Cloning单元学案 ‎　　　　　 ‎ 一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 ‎ Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．twin n．　　　　　　 　 双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一 adj. 成对的；成双的 ‎2．straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的 ‎3．carrier n. 携带者；搬运工；运输工具 ‎4．arbitrary adj. 任意的 ‎5．fate n. 命运；天命　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎6．medium n．(pl.media)　 媒介；手段；工具 ‎7．the media 大众传播媒体(如电视、报纸等)‎ ‎8．conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的 ‎9．constitution n. 宪法；章程 ‎10．compulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的 ‎11．opera n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎12．chorus n．　　　　　　 合唱；合唱队 ‎13．loaf n. 一条(面包)‎ ‎14．flour n. 面粉 ‎15．claw n. 爪；脚爪 ‎16．turkey n. 火鸡 ‎17．feather n. 羽毛　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎1．differ vi.　　　　　　　 不同；相异 ‎2．exact adj. 精确的；准确的 ‎3．identical adj. 同一的；一模一样的 ‎4．commercial_ adj. 商业的；贸易的 ‎5．complicated adj. 复杂的；难懂的 ‎6．undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担 ‎7．breakthrough n. 突破　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎8．procedure n．　　　 　　 程序；步骤；手续 ‎9．cast vt. 扔；投；掷 ‎10．altogether adv. 总共；完全地 ‎11．correction n. 改正；纠正；修正 ‎12．object vi. 反对；不赞成 ‎13．objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议 ‎14．obtain vt. 获得；赢得　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎15．attain vt.　　　　 　　　 获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)‎ ‎16．forbid vt. 禁止；不准 ‎17．accumulate vt.&vi. 积累；聚积 ‎18．owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……‎ ‎19．shortly adv. 立刻；不久 ‎20．retire vi. 退休；离开　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎21．bother vt.　　　　　　 　 打扰 vi. 操心 n. 烦扰 ‎22．assumption n. 假定；设想 ‎23．regulation n. 规则；规章；法规 ‎24．popularity n. 受人喜爱；流行 ‎25．strike_ vt.&vi. 打；撞击；罢工 n. 罢工　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎26．adore vt.　　　　 　　 　 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 ‎27．hatch vt.&vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化 ‎28．reasonable adj. 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的 ‎29．resist vt. 抵抗；对抗 ‎30．drawback n. 缺点；不利条件 ‎31．merely adv. 仅；只；不过 ‎32．decoration n. 装饰　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎33．unable adj.　　　　　　　 不能的；不会的 ‎34．initial adj. 最初的；开始的 ‎35．impact n. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响 ‎36．moral adj. 道德(上)的；伦理的 ‎37．vain adj. 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 ‎38．in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机 ‎39．(be)_bound_to_(do)．.. 一定或注定(做)……　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎40．strike_..._into_one’s_heart　 使……刻骨铭心 ‎41．from_time_to_time_ 不时；偶尔 ‎42．bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活 ‎43．in_favour_of 赞成；支持 ‎44．in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)‎ ‎45．cast_down 使失望；使沮丧 ‎46．pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ 二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 ‎(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识 记 单 词 写 对 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)‎ ‎1.twin n．　　　　　　　双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一 adj. 成对的；成双的 ‎2.straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的 ‎3.arbitrary adj. 任意的 ‎4.medium n. 媒介；手段；工具 ‎13.feather n．　　　　羽毛 ‎14.turkey n. 火鸡 Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)‎ ‎1.exact adj. 精确的；准确的 ‎2.cast vt. 扔；投；掷 ‎3.shortly adv. 立刻；不久 ‎4.strike vt.&vi. 打；撞击；罢工 n. 罢工 ‎5.vain adj. ‎ ‎5.conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的 ‎6.constitution n. 宪法；章程 ‎7.compulsory adj. 必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的 ‎8.opera n. 歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院 ‎9.chorus n. 合唱；合唱队 ‎10.loaf n. 一条(面包)‎ ‎11.flour n. 面粉 ‎12.claw n. 爪；脚爪 ‎ 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 ‎6.owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……‎ ‎7.initial adj. 最初的；开始的 ‎8.hatch vt.&vi. 孵出；孵卵；孵化 ‎9.moral adj. 道德(上)的；伦理的 ‎10.impact n. 撞击；冲击；巨大的影响 ‎11.adore vt. 崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 核 心 单 词 练 通 ‎1.We are supposed to undertake (承担) the responsibility to lead a lowcarbon lifestyle, which is of great significance.‎ ‎2.With medical breakthrough (突破), people are living a healthier and longer life.‎ ‎3.As is well known to all, there are altogether (总共) seven continents in the world. ‎ ‎4.Nowadays, energy can be obtained_(获得) through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.　 ‎ ‎5.Our school is a nonsmoking school.So smoking is forbidden (禁止) here.‎ ‎6.So I have no choice but to bother_(打扰) you to correct ‎ my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter.‎ ‎7.But just as a coin has two sides, Internet has its own drawbacks_(缺点) which should not be neglected. ‎ ‎8.A real modernized country will be a welldeveloped country not merely (仅) in cars but in every aspect, I believe.‎ ‎9.I regret to inform you that we are unable (不能的) to offer you employment.‎ 拓展单词用活 ‎[记全记牢]‎ ‎1.differ vi.不同；相异→different adj.不同的→difference n．差异；不同 ‎2.identical adj.同一的；一模一样的→identity n．身份；同一性；一致 ‎3.commercial adj.商业的；贸易的→commerce n．商业；贸易 ‎4.complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的→complicate vt.使复杂化→complication n．复杂 ‎5.correction n．改正；纠正；修正→correct adj.正确的 v．改正 ‎6.object vi.反对；不赞成→objection n．不赞成；反对；异议 ‎[用准用活]‎ ‎1.When you set up your passwords on the Internet, you’d better complicate them, because the more complicated your passwords are, the safer your Internet becomes. (complicate)‎ ‎2.The purpose of education is not only the accumulation of knowledge. And it also means accumulating intelligence as well as abilities. (accumulate)‎ ‎3.From the appearance, we ‎ ‎7.accumulate vt.&vi.积累；聚积→accumulation n．积累；增加 ‎8.retire vi.退休；离开→retirement n．退休；引退 ‎9.assumption n．假定；设想→assume vt.假定；设想 ‎10.regulation n．规则；规章；法规→regulate vt.调节；管理 ‎11.popularity n．受人喜爱；流行→popular adj.流行的；通俗的；受欢迎的 ‎12.resist vt.抵抗；对抗→resistance n．抵抗；对抗→resistant adj.有抵抗力的；抵制的 ‎13.decoration n．装饰；装修→decorate v．装饰；装修 ‎14.reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的→reason n．原因；道理 cannot tell the differences between the twins, though they always have some different ideas. And as for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people. (differ)‎ ‎4.Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no objection to it, while his father objected to it. (object)‎ ‎5.Don’t assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions any more. (assume)‎ ‎6.Nowadays few people can resist the temptation of smartphones, for so many interesting things in them make anyone trying to be resistant to them finally give up their resistance.(resist)‎ ‎7.He retired from the post ‎ as a manager. After his retirement,_he settled down in a remote village. (retire)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“动词＋副词”构成的合成名词 ‎①drawback　缺点 ‎②breakdown 崩溃；故障 ‎③farewell 告别 ‎④feedback 反馈 ‎⑤setup 计划；组织 ‎⑥breakup 分手；中断 ‎2.含词根sist的词集锦 ‎①resist v．抵抗 ‎②insist v. 坚持 ‎③persist v. 坚持 ‎④assist v. 协助 ‎ ‎⑤assistant n. 助手 ‎ ‎⑥consist vi. 由……组成 ‎3.表示“反对；拒绝”的词荟萃 ‎①against prep.　反对 ‎②oppose v. 反对 ‎③object vi. 反对 ‎④disagree vi. 不同意 ‎⑤reject vt. 拒绝 ‎⑥refuse v. 拒绝 ‎(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 先 写 对 再 用 准 ‎1.cast_down　使失望；使沮丧 ‎2.in_favour_of 赞成；支持 Are you ①in_favour_of cloning human beings? ‎ 第一组 ‎3.bring_back_to_life 使复生；使复活 ‎4.(be)_bound_to_(do) 一定或注定(做)‎ ‎5.in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)‎ Especially when your health is ②in_poor_condition,_you ③are_bound_to want to ④bring yourself back_to_life. Don’t worry. Human cloning technology doesn’t ⑤cast you down.‎ 第二组 ‎1.object_to　　　　　 　　反对 ‎2.pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 ‎3.in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机 ‎4.from_time_to_time 不时；偶尔 ‎5.strike_...into_one’s_heart 使……刻骨铭心 ‎　Only if you don’t ①object_to cloning human beings can what you do for your health ②pay_off. The successful organs’ cloning contributes to the patients’ recovery. I believe it will ③strike the advanced medical technology into_your_heart.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“in＋名词＋of”短语全接触 ‎2.“v.＋off”短语荟萃 ‎3.“in＋名词”短语一览 ‎①in favour of　赞成；支持 ‎②in search of 寻找 ‎③in view of 鉴于；由于 ‎④in memory of 为了纪念 ‎⑤in honour of 为了纪念 ‎⑥in terms of 就……而言 ‎①pay off　　　 偿清 ‎②cut off 切断 ‎③take off 起飞 ‎④turn off 关闭 ‎⑤put off 推迟 ‎⑥give off 发出光/热/气体等 ‎①in vain　　　　白费力气；枉费心机 ‎②in relief 如释重负地 ‎③in short 总之；简言之 ‎④in trouble 陷入麻烦 ‎⑤in need 在困难中；急需 ‎⑥in danger 在危险中 ‎(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. ‎ 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。‎ then 位于句首时句子用全部倒装。‎ 然后传来了令人兴奋的消息，我们队赢得了比赛。‎ Then_came_the_exciting_news_that our team won the game.‎ ‎2.What do you think is the writer’s point of view in this reading do you think作插入语。‎ 这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣？‎ Which_part_of_this_book_do_you_think ‎ passage？‎ 你认为在这篇阅读材料中作者的观点是什么？‎ ‎ is the most interesting？‎ ‎3.The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die ... ‎ 其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉……‎ that引导的表语从句。‎ 骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。‎ The advantage of cycling to work is that_we_can_live_a_‎ lowcarbon_life.‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 The future of human cloning When ________❶ comes to human cloning, many people object to it. Because they think it will bring people disasters. Maybe it can bother your normal daily life. To our relief❷， we needn’t be worried about it because ‎ ‎1.①处应填的词为__it__。‎ ‎2.②处“To our relief”的意思为让我们感到欣慰的是。‎ ‎3.What does “this case” in the paragraph refer to？(　B　)‎ A.Human cloning is forbidden by the laws in many countries.‎ human cloning is forbidden by the laws in many countries. However, some severe patients need to be cloned if their health is in poor condition. In this_case❸， they maybe benefit from the cloned organs.‎ B.Some patients in poor condition need to be cloned.‎ C.Human cloning brings people disasters.‎ D.The cloned organs are not very expensive.‎ ‎1．object vi.反对；不赞成 ‎ ‎(1)object to　　　　 反对；不赞成(to是介词)‎ ‎(2)objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议 objective adj. 客观的；真实的；宾语的 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①A majority of students objected to being_arranged (arrange) for extra lessons during holidays and weekends.‎ ‎②The villagers raised an objection_(object) to building a chemical plant beside the river.‎ ‎③You should stop blaming yourself and be more objective (object) about your ability, which I feel is a sure way to promote your confidence.‎ ‎2．bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n．烦扰 ‎ bother to do sth.　　　　　　　 操心/费心做某事 bother (about) doing sth. 费心做某事 bother sb. with sth. 为某事打扰某人 bother sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He is always bothering me to_lend (lend) him money.‎ ‎②Don’t bother to_look/looking_(look) for my umbrella, and it will turn up some day.‎ 单句改错 ‎③I’m sorry I have bothered you to so many questions.to→with ‎3．forbid vt.(forbade, forbad; forbidden)禁止；不准 ‎ forbid doing sth.　　　　　　 禁止做某事 forbid sb. to do sth.＝forbid sb. from doing sth.‎ ‎ 禁止某人做某事 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It is high time that we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas.‎ ‎②I think the middle school students should be forbidden_to_use (use) smartphones at school.‎ 单句改错 ‎③I think it necessary to forbid shops and supermarkets offering free plastic shopping bags.offering前加from ‎[名师指津]　forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbid sb. to do sth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow, permit, advise等。‎ ‎4．in good/poor condition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏) ‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎❶out of condition　　　　 健康状况欠佳 ‎❷on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，‎ ‎ 主句用部分倒装语序)‎ ‎❸on condition that ... 在……条件下；倘若 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①What I want you to realize is that everybody is likely to be in poor condition.‎ 我想让你意识到人人都可能健康状况不佳。‎ ‎②We can build a harmonious society on condition that everyone behaves himself.‎ 倘若人人都能举止得体，那我们就能建设一个和谐的社会。‎ ‎③The teacher always reminds us, “On no condition can we give up our dreams.”‎ 老师总是告诫我们：“我们决不能放弃我们的梦想。”‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 The future of human cloning Nowadays, we should owe human cloning ________❶ the development of social civilization. What strikes me most ________(be)❷ that human cloning is said to be allowed in the near future. By then, we can believe, some scientists’‎ ‎1.①处应填入的词为__to__。‎ ‎2.②处应填词的正确形式为__is__。‎ ‎3.③处应填入的词是that,_它引导的是表语从句，一般不能省略。‎ ‎ great efforts will have paid off. Apparently, the advantage of human cloning is______❸ many serious diseases can be cured some day.‎ ‎5．owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……；应感谢 ‎ owe sth. to sb.　　　　　　 把某事归功于某人 owe it to sb. that ... 把……归功于某人 owing to 因为；由于 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①My English teacher is such a great soul, to whom I owe many thanks.‎ ‎②I owe it to you that I have made great progress in my English. ‎ 补全句子 ‎③Owing_to his optimism and perseverance, he was admitted into Beijing University.‎ 由于他的乐观和毅力，他被北京大学录取了。‎ ‎6．strike vt.&vi.(struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时 n．罢工 ‎ be struck by　　　　　　　 　　　 被……打动/迷住了 it strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that ... 某人突然想起 strike ... into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It_struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.‎ ‎②Struck (strike) by the beauty of the West Lake, we stopped to admire the beautiful scenery.‎ 补全句子 ‎③Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, one I’d strike_into_my_heart forever.‎ 这么多年以后遇到我亲爱的老师和同学真的是一个温暖的时刻，这一刻让我刻骨铭心。‎ ‎7．pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 ‎ pay for　　　　　　　　　　 付钱；为……付出代价 pay a visit to 参观；拜访 pay attention to 注意；留心 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Will you please pay a visit to Tianjin again so that we may meet again？(2017·天津高考书面表达)‎ ‎②I’d also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included.‎ 单句改错 ‎③As students, we should pay more attentions to our habits which we develop in our study.attentions→attention 补全句子 ‎④All in all, every road leads to Rome, but I believe hard_work_pays_off.‎ 总之，条条大道通罗马，我相信努力就有回报。‎ ‎[名师指津]　 pay off表示“得到回报；取得成功”时是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。‎ ‎8．that引导的表语从句 The advantage is that_if_there_is_a_new_illness_some_of_these_animals_may_die,_but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.‎ 其优点是如果发生某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。‎ 句中that引导的是表语从句，that一词在句中无词义，但通常不能省略。另外，that还可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句等。‎ ‎①The advantage of smiling is that_it_can_not_only_make_us_happy,_but also please others.‎ 微笑的优点在于它不仅仅让我们高兴，还能取悦别人。‎ ‎②If there is anything that_I_can_help_you,_please don’t hesitate to tell me.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)‎ 如果你有任何需要帮助的，请毫不犹豫地告诉我。‎ ‎③I firmly believe that_it_will_be_a_success and we will enjoy ourselves.(2017·浙江高考写作)‎ 我坚信那将会成功，我们也会玩得很开心。‎ ‎[单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．He has a strong objection to smoking (smoke) in public places, especially with females present. ‎ ‎2．Why bother going/to_go (go) abroad to study when there are so many good universities at home?‎ ‎3．Our strength is from many sources, but most of all, we owe our success to the creativity of our people.‎ ‎4．When climbing Mount Huang last year, all the tourists were_struck (strike) by its beauty.‎ ‎5．The driver was at a loss when word came that he was forbidden_to_drive (drive) for speeding.‎ ‎6．Do you know any differences (differ) between British English and American English?‎ ‎7．The new clothes in the shop are so beautiful that Anna can’t resist taking (take) a closer look at them.‎ ‎8．They undertook to_promote (promote) exchanges and trade.‎ ‎9．Our parents send us to school so as to enable us to_obtain (obtain) knowledge and achieve great things in the future.‎ ‎10．We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration (decorate) of the house was finished.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．It suddenly struck to me that we ought to make a new plan.‎ 去掉第一个to ‎2．No one knows exact how the earth began as it happened so long ago.exact→exactly ‎3．Sometimes, some students object the idea that English classes are taught in English.object后加to ‎4．Owe to the recent bad weather, the project is several weeks behind schedule.Owe→Owing ‎5．There is some doubt whether the young man can undertake of such an important task.去掉of ‎6．By the end of last week, we had learnt 3,000 English words for altogether.去掉for ‎7．He travelled all over the nation after he retired at work.‎ at→from ‎8．Only if the students accumulate up a great deal of vocabulary can they grasp English.去掉up Ⅲ.选词填空 in good condition， be bound to， pay off， cast down， in vain，bring back to life， from time to time， strike ...into one's heart ‎1．I feel stressed from_time_to_time. Could you offer me some suggestions?‎ ‎2．The mobile phone is in_good_condition，looking like the newly bought one.‎ ‎3．Don’t let yourself be cast_down by a small failure in ‎ the experiment, try again.‎ ‎4．In ancient times, people believed that they could be brought_back_to_life after death.‎ ‎5．Keep on working hard like this, and your research_is_bound_to_obtain great success.‎ ‎6．The athlete’s years of hard training paid_off when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.‎ ‎7．Mountain Tai struck its beauty into_her_heart and she decided to visit it again the next year.‎ ‎8．All efforts will be in_vain if we can’t learn English by practising repeatedly.‎ Ⅳ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．抄袭他人的作业的一个缺点就是你不能掌握你所学到的东西。(that引导的表语从句)‎ The disadvantage of copying others’ homework is that_you_cannot_master_what_you_have_learned.‎ ‎2．他刚刚坐下，班主任就来了。(倒装句)‎ He had just taken his seat; then came_the_head_teacher.‎ ‎3．你认为谁是过去一百年里最伟大的妇女？(do you think 作插入语)‎ Who_do_you_think_was_the_greatest_woman of the past 100 years?‎ ‎4．我的多数同学都想去公园而我想要去参观博物馆。 (while并列句)‎ Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park ‎ while_I_had_an_idea_of_going_to_visit_a_museum.‎ ‎5．新的学期很快就要开始了，我们将会再次忙碌起来。(with复合结构)‎ With_the_new_term_to_begin_soon,_we’ll_be_very_busy_again.‎ 阅读理解组块专练——练速度 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A We are all fascinated by mysteries. To some extent we love to expect strange phenomenon occurring before us. Here are some amazing unsolved mysteries.‎ The Georgia Guidestones On one of the highest hilltops in Elbert County, Georgia stands a giant granite monument (花岗岩纪念碑). Carved in eight different languages on the four giant stones are 10 Guides.‎ The origin of this strange monument is covered in mystery because no one knows the true identity of the man, or men, who constructed it. All we know is that in June 1979, a man identifying himself as R．C.Christian announced that he would build something to convey a message to mankind, but to date, no one knows who R．C.Christian really was.‎ Bermuda Triangle The Bermuda Triangle is a triangular area of the Atlantic Ocean. Many planes, ships, and boats are said to have disappeared in this triangle without a trace, which led to the ‎ belief that “supernatural” forces exist in this area of the sea.‎ Could there truly be an unnatural force at work in this geographical triangle or are these disappearances merely coincidence? Either way, numerous people remain unwilling to step over the boundary line into the Devil’s Triangle.‎ Loch Ness Monster The Loch Ness Monster is a legendary animal that supposedly lives in the depths of Loch Ness, a long narrow lake located in rural Scotland.‎ Stories concerning the monster date back to the 6th century AD. Over the years thousands have reported seeing a long neck appearing from the water with a small head of an unknown creature. Pictures have even been taken of this “creature”， but most scientists refuse to believe any creature of this kind lives in the Loch Ness. So far, the evidence is inadequate, and the controversy continues.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上三大未解之谜，包括佐治亚州的巨石阵、百慕大三角和尼斯湖水怪。‎ ‎1．Why is the Georgia Guidestones mysterious?‎ A．It is on one of the highest hilltops in Elbert County.‎ B．There are eight different languages on the stones.‎ C．The person who built it remains unknown.‎ D．R. C. Christian could convey a message to mankind.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据The Georgia Guidestones部分第二段内容可知，巨石阵很神秘是因为没有人知道是谁建造了它。故选C。‎ ‎2．Why are people unwilling to enter the Bermuda Triangle?‎ A．It is too remote from land.‎ B．The chance of surviving is slim there.‎ C．There are supernatural forces in the area.‎ D．All transportations have disappeared there.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据Bermuda Triangle部分第一段第二句可知，在百慕大三角经常有飞机、轮船和小船失踪；由此可推知，在百慕大三角人们幸存的可能性很小，所以许多人不愿意进入百慕大三角地带。故选B。‎ ‎3．What can we know about Loch Ness Monster?‎ A．It existed in the 6th century AD.‎ B．It is said to have a long neck and a large head.‎ C．It has been living in Loch Ness Lake for a long time.‎ D．People haven’t reached an agreement on its existence.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，关于水怪的故事始于公元6世纪，并不是说水怪出现在公元6世纪，故排除A项；根据最后一段第二句中的“with a small head”可知，B项错误；根据最后一段倒数第二句可知，大多数科学家都不相信有这种水怪生活在尼斯湖中，故排除C项；根据最后一段最后一句可知，D项“人们对它的存在没有达成一致意见”符合原文。故选D。‎ B Have you seen Jurassic Park? In this film, scientists use DNA kept for tens of millions of years to clone dinosaurs. They find trouble, however, when they realize that the cloned creatures are smarter and more dangerous than expected. That’s nothing more than a fiction.‎ But could we really clone endangered animals?‎ To date, the most successful attempt to do so was the cloning of a gaur, a rare oxlike animal from southeast Asia. Scientists used a cow to bring the cloned baby gaur, named Noah. Two days after birth, however, Noah died from a common bacterial infection. Other endangered species that may be cloned include the African bongo antelope (羚羊), the Sumatran tiger, the cheetah (猎豹), and the giant panda.‎ Next, could we really clone extinct animals?‎ In theory? Yes. To do this, you need a wellkept source of DNA from the extinct animals such as wool mammoth (毛象), Tasmanian tiger, or even dinosaur, and a closely related species, still living, which could serve as a_surrogate_mother.‎ In reality? Probably not. On the one hand, it’s not likely that extinct animals’ DNA could survive undamaged for such a long time. Cloning such extinct animals as wool mammoth, Tasmanian tiger, or dinosaur is much more difficult due to the lack of properly wellpreserved DNA. On the other hand, for example, a gaur can have a cow as a surrogate mother, definitely ‎ not a monkey. But what about an extinct animal as unique as the panda? What species could possibly serve as a surrogate mother?‎ Cloning presents many exciting possibilities. However, even if extinct animals were brought back, they could not survive in today’s world. Not only do most extinct animals have no habitat to live in, but the other plants and animals they depended on for food may also be gone as well.‎ 语篇解读：本文说明了在克隆灭绝动物的过程中遇到的重重困难与障碍。即使克隆成功了，其赖以生存的栖息地和食物链也已经被破坏，被克隆出来的动物也无法继续生存下去。‎ ‎4．It can be learned from the text that ________.‎ A．the gaur is an extinct species B．the gaur lives in Asia and is endangered C．scientists have cloned the African bongo antelope D．both the cheetah and the giant panda live in Asia 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，印度野牛生活在亚洲的东南部，濒临灭绝。‎ ‎5．The underlined words “a surrogate mother” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to a female who ________.‎ A．gives birth to a baby of its own B．cannot give birth to a baby C．gives birth to a baby for another female D．provides DNA 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据第五段的描述可知，此处表示的是，把一种动物的DNA提取出来之后，在另外一种动物的体内进行胚胎繁殖，而这种动物就被称为a surrogate mother，由此判断，画线部分意思为“代孕妈妈”，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．The difficulty in cloning an extinct species is the lack of ________.‎ A．both the wellpreserved DNA and a surrogate mother B．both the habitat to live in and the wellpreserved DNA C．both the wellpreserved DNA and plants to live on D．both the habitat to live in and plants to live on 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“On the one hand ... On the other hand ...”两个方面的表述可知，克隆的困难在于一是要寻找灭绝动物的保存完好的DNA，二是要寻找到合适的代孕的物种，故A项正确。‎ ‎7．In the author’s opinion, it is possible that ________.‎ A．all the extinct species may be cloned B．extinct species may be cloned and easily survive C．a gaur can have a monkey as a surrogate mother D．some extinct species may be cloned, but not survive 解析：选D　推理判断题。本文作者客观叙述了在克隆灭绝动物过程中所存在的种种困难与障碍。根据最后一段的表述可知，也许克隆存在众多的可能性，但是即使克隆成功了，也许会由于其赖以生存的栖息地和食物链已经灭绝而无法继续存活下去。由此判断D项正确。‎ C Plant cloning has been an agricultural technique used by farmers and gardeners for centuries. Grafting (嫁接) is a ‎ common form of plant cloning. Many plants in nature actually clone themselves and reproduce asexually (无性生殖地)．‎ Cloned plants are much more predictable than normal plants, so their yield (产量) is more reliable. Cloned plants also reproduce faster, limiting the amount of time between planting and harvesting. It is also often cheaper to produce seeds through cloning than through traditional methods. Plants can essentially be optimized so that farmers or individual growers always have the best seeds available. With higher yield at a faster rate, farms can produce more food for more people while decreasing overall costs.‎ Cloning can be used to wipe out diseases that previously killed off entire fields of crops. This would make plants immune to the kinds of diseases that farmers and gardeners around the world fear each year. Crop failures due to disease and virus could become a thing of the past. Also, plants that are near extinction can be brought back to life through cloning.‎ Through cloning scientists can develop super fruits and vegetables of superior (更好的) nutritional quality. This could make for a healthier population overall. This has already been done through selective pollination (授粉), and genetic cloning could take it to the next level.‎ By plant cloning we have a population of identical plants and all these plants equally suffer from the same diseases, but in nature the weak would die and the strong would survive. While ‎ there are some dangers to consider with plant cloning, there are plenty of benefits that could prove vital to the propagation (繁衍) of the human species.‎ ‎8．The underlined word “optimized” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”．‎ A．grown　　　　　　　　 　B．produced C．perfected D．examined 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据“so that farmers or individual growers always have the best seeds available”可知，optimize与perfect的意思相近。‎ ‎9．According to the text, cloned plants ________.‎ A．have lower yield than normal plants B．need less care from people C．prevent various kinds of diseases D．have a shorter growth cycle 解析：选D　细节理解题。从第二段中的“Cloned plants also reproduce faster, limiting the amount of time between planting and harvesting.”可知，克隆的植物的生长周期短。‎ ‎10．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．The fruits produced by cloned plants taste much better.‎ B．There are more cloned plants than normal plants now.‎ C．Plant cloning can disturb the laws of nature.‎ D．People should avoid eating cloned fruits.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。从最后一段中的“By plant cloning we have a population of identical plants and all these plants equally suffer from the same diseases, but in nature the weak would die and the strong would survive.”可知，克隆会破坏自然界的规律。‎ ‎11．What is the main purpose of the text?‎ A．To warn the negative effects of plant cloning.‎ B．To show different kinds of plant cloning.‎ C．To predict the future of plant cloning.‎ D．To introduce the advantages of plant cloning.‎ 解析：选D　写作目的题。文章的第二、三、四段都是在介绍植物克隆的好处，所以本文的目的是介绍植物克隆的好处。‎ D The worldfamous British Museum has a secret: a hidden study where anyone can request private viewings of prints and drawings by Rembrandt, Michelangelo and more.‎ On the fourth floor of the British Museum, in a quiet corner, is an ordinary door. I first opened the door a few years ago, and was shown into a room with a glass ceiling and cabinets filled with cardboard boxes. Those boxes hold Britain’s national collection of prints and drawings.‎ Studying a work of art in your own time at a desk is a very different experience from looking at it in a museum or a gallery. It is much closer to how the artists themselves would have viewed their work. I was drawn into the images, which still felt ‎ fresh and immediate decades after their creation.‎ I asked the archivist if I could see Michelangelo’s ink drawing of a philosopher. The drawing shows a bearded man holding a round object: perhaps a rock or a glass ball. That the drawing was unfinished made it more interesting. Was the drawing an old man thinking about death, an alchemist weighing a fresh piece of gold, or a philosopher turning over the stone of knowledge?‎ I looked at it until the archivist told me they were about to close for the day.‎ Since that first visit, I have gone back to the study room several times, usually to look at the works from the period I was researching. Very occasionally I asked for the Michelangelo drawing. Although_I_know_that_it_prefers_to_be_in_the_dark,_I_also_like_to_think_that,_every_now_and_then,_it_enjoyed_being_looked_at.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。世界著名的大英博物馆有一个秘密：一个隐藏的书房，在那里任何人可以请求欣赏伦勃朗、米开朗基罗等人的绘画和素描。‎ ‎12．The secret study in the British Museum ________.‎ A．is not eyecatching among various reading rooms B．is open only to those who do research on works of art C．is a special room for showing private paintings D．contains the British collection of all drawings 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段及第二段第一句中的“in a quiet corner, is an ordinary door”可知，这个书房很隐秘且不易被发现和注意到。故选A。‎ ‎13．What’s the advantage of visiting the study according to the author?‎ A．The drawings there are completely fresh.‎ B．Visitors don’t need to speak to each other.‎ C．Drawings are appreciated at a desk instead of on a wall.‎ D．Viewers get close to works physically and mentally.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，一个人在秘密书房里欣赏名家作品既可以近观作品，也能从内心上更接近艺术家。故选D。‎ ‎14．What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?‎ A．The Michelangelo drawing is usually kept from being shown.‎ B．The author is deeply attracted by the Michelangelo drawing.‎ C．The author has a dialogue in spirit with the Michelangelo drawing.‎ D．The Michelangelo drawing has a special value for the author’s research.‎ 解析：选B　句意理解题。根据本句中的“Although”引导让步状语从句以及第三段最后一句“I was drawn into the images, which ‎ still felt fresh and immediate decades after their creation.”可知，作者知道米开朗基罗的作品是藏品，但偶尔还是想拿出来欣赏。由此可推知，作者被他的作品深深吸引。故选B。‎ ‎15．What can we infer from the passage?‎ A．The author is a historian studying famous people in different periods.‎ B．The British Museum tends to offer visitors a fair chance.‎ C．The author visited the study mainly because she admired Michelangelo.‎ D．The drawings by Michelangelo are too difficult for viewers to understand.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“anyone can request private viewings of prints and drawings by Rembrandt, Michelangelo and more”可推知，大英博物馆为每人都提供公平的机会。故选B。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Too often an inappropriate view gets around us that it is our physical conditions that make us happy or unhappy. As a consequence, physical conditions have been overstated.‎ ‎__1__， that is, good standard of living, high goals that we want to obtain, surrounding ourselves with a nice house, nice car, nice clothes, etc. __2__. But many times once we obtain our goals and are surrounded by what we thought would make us happy, we are still unhappy.‎ Also on the other end of the stick, many, many people are unhappy now, because they have not obtained their goals and __3__， which, consequently, adds to their dissatisfaction with life.‎ So this is why so many people keep themselves for most of their lives in a state of “incompleteness” and unhappiness, and this is why so many super successful people still aren’t happy. The reason is that __4__. They think that the Universe should give them what they want first and then they’ll be happy. But that just puts a barrier in between them and happiness because of the way the Universe is set up.‎ The message here is to understand that your desires tell you where you want to put your focus in your life, however, __5__. You make yourself happy from the inside out, not the outside in. Do not require certain conditions be met for your happiness, because it won’t work anyway.‎ A．We have different ways to get what really makes us happy B．they don’t have what they want in life C．We set out to get happy by trying to control all the wonderful conditions around ourselves D．they are never there to be found in life E．they should not control your happiness in this moment F．We may think this is the key to our happiness G．they don’t realize how to get happy 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。本文谈论的是人们认为的幸福实际上并没有给人们带来幸福，作者就如何才能得到真正的幸福提出了自己的观点。‎ ‎1．选C　根据上文中的“physical conditions”及下文中的“good standard of living ...nice clothes”可知，C项“我们通过努力掌控我们身边美好的物质条件来获取幸福”与上文相呼应，与“that is”后面的解释也一致。故选C。‎ ‎2．选F　根据语境可知，很多时候当我们拥有了良好的生活标准，实现了我们想要的目标，拥有了漂亮的房子、车子、衣服时，我们可能就认为这是幸福的关键所在了。F项“我们可能会认为这就是幸福的关键了”衔接上文，并与下文构成转折，符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎3．选B　根据语境可知，此处分析了不快乐的人的心理。根据“because they have not obtained their goals”可知，许多人不快乐是因为没有达到目标，and连接和前面并列的内容。B项“他们没有拥有生活中想要的”也是人们不快乐的原因，并且和下文联系紧密。故选B。‎ ‎4．选G　上文提到，拥有了良好物质条件的人仍然感到不幸福，没有达到目标的人也感到不幸福，此处作者给出他们感到不幸福的理由，因为“他们没有意识到如何获得快乐”。由此可知，G项与上文衔接紧密。故选G。‎ ‎5．选E　上文提到，本文传递的信息就是要让你明白，你的欲望会告诉你，在生活中要看重什么。由however可知，后面的内容应与前面的叙述形成对比，所以E项“这时这些欲望不应该左右你的幸福感”符合语境。故选E。‎