【英语】2021届新高考英语一轮复习限时规范练北师大版：选修8Unit24A　Society作业

【英语】2021届新高考英语一轮复习限时规范练北师大版：选修8Unit24A　Society作业

限时规范练47(选修8　Unit 24A)‎ 核心素养关键词:培养学生人与科学、关注前沿科技的素养能力意识 ‎　限时规范练第94页　 ‎ 一、阅读理解 A Some new comets have been discovered accidentally by amateur astronomers.Surprisingly a few bright comets have been discovered with the naked eye (肉眼) by members of the general public.However,a great number of comets are found by comet hunters carrying out telescope searches of chosen areas of the night sky.‎ As the movement of all comets is directed around the Sun and because these bodies brighten as they move towards the Sun,there is a greater possibility for the discovery of a new comet in the skies towards the Sun rather than away from the Sun’s direction.This means that searches should be put on the western sky after evening light and on the eastern sky before morning light.‎ From the astronomical point there is no time during the year which is the best for the discovery of new comets.A search can be done at any time providing there is no bright Moon.‎ Studies done on the discovery conditions of comets discovered before show that more comets have been discovered in the morning sky than in the evening sky.Thus the smart comet hunter should make sure that morning activity receives as much as if not more attention than evening effort.‎ In recent times,the use of advanced CCD technology to discover objects close to the Earth will in the future greatly reduce the chances of new comets being found with small telescopes.An example of the new technology is the very successful LINEAR program operating in New Mexico.However,until a similar system is based in the southern half of the Earth there will continue to be chances for the discovery of new comets which come from the south.‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了观测彗星的要领。一些业余的天文学爱好者发现了一些彗星。甚至一些普通大众也能通过肉眼观察到彗星,但大多数彗星都是在夜空中通过天文望远镜观察到的。‎ ‎1.What are comet hunters advised to do?‎ A.Look away from the Sun.‎ B.Stay where there’s bright light.‎ C.Face the western sky in the daytime.‎ D.Turn to the east in the early morning.‎ 答案D 解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“This means that searches should be put on the western sky after evening light and on the eastern sky before morning light.”可知,早晨太阳出来之前应观测东面的天空。‎ ‎2.What do we know about the time for the discovery of new comets?‎ A.Days when they’re close to the Earth are great chances.‎ B.Certain fixed days are best for watching comets.‎ C.Every day is the same if there’s no bright Moon.‎ D.Days with the Moon should never be missed.‎ 答案C 解析细节理解题。由第三段中的“A search can be done at any time providing there is no bright Moon.”可知,只要没有月亮,每一天对彗星猎人来说都一样可以观测。‎ ‎3.Which of the following is a smart idea for comet hunters?‎ A.Paying more attention in the morning than in the afternoon.‎ B.Being equally serious both in the morning and afternoon.‎ C.Being more relaxed in the morning than in the afternoon.‎ D.Forming a habit of working only in the morning.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。由第四段中的“Thus the smart comet hunter should make sure that morning activity receives as much as if not more attention than evening effort.”可知,早晚观测彗星应该投入一样的精力。‎ B It doesn’t matter how you choose to live your life — whatever you do,someone will judge you.With that in mind,let’s talk about being judged and criticized.‎ When I started writing,it wasn’t the hurtful criticism from readers that prevented me from getting started.It was my worries about what they would think if I wrote about the things I cared about.I wrote my ideas in a private document for a year before I worked up the courage to start sharing them publicly.‎ Usually,haters simply criticize and move on.And that means that you can safely ignore them and continue doing your thing.‎ But that is easier said than done because we all like to be validated.Some people like it more than others,but everyone wants to be respected and appreciated to some degree.I certainly do.I know that whenever I choose to take a risk and share my work with the world,I wonder about how the people around me will see me because of that choice.Will this help my fame? Will this hurt my fame? Should I even be worrying about my fame? Finally,I decided that it was more important to contribute something to the world than it was to protect myself from criticism.‎ The truth about criticism is that it’s almost always in your head.It is natural for most people to hold onto negative criticism.According to a research paper titled “Bad Is Stronger Than Good” by Roy Baumeister and researchers at Florida State University,we are more likely to remember negative criticism than praise.Baumeister found that even happy people are more likely to remember more negative events than positive ones.In fact,Baumeister and his team say that when it comes to your brain,it takes about five positive events to make up for one negative one.‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是议论文。对于批评,我们的恐惧和难以释怀是正常的,但是我们需要忽略它们继续前行。‎ ‎4.What prevented the author from getting started on writing?‎ A.Her own fears.‎ B.Her lack of experience.‎ C.People’s judgment on her works.‎ D.People’s different opinions on writing.‎ 答案A 解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“It was my worries about what they would think if I wrote about the things I cared about.”可知答案。‎ ‎5.Which word can best replace the underlined word “validated” in Paragraph 4?‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.Judged. B.Helped.‎ C.Studied. D.Praised.‎ 答案D 解析词义猜测题。由下一句中的“everyone wants to be respected and appreciated to some degree”可知,每个人都希望被尊重、赞扬和认可,因此画线词可以替换为praised(赞扬)。‎ ‎6.What kind of feeling do the questions in Paragraph 4 show?‎ A.Shock. B.Worry.‎ C.Regret. D.Sadness.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。这三个问题是作者在内心问自己的。每个人都想获得他人的肯定,维护自己的声誉,作者也不例外,因此会担心自己的决定影响自己的声誉。‎ ‎7.What can be learned from Roy Baumeister’s research?‎ A.We should try to avoid negative events.‎ B.Criticism can bring about positive influence.‎ C.We remember negative criticism more strongly.‎ D.Criticism helps people know more about themselves.‎ 答案C 解析细节理解题。由最后一段中的“we are more likely to remember negative criticism than praise”可知答案。‎ 二、七选五 Adventure sports or extreme sports are a lot of fun.It is one sport that most teenagers would like to try. 　1　 People generally think that these sports are just called adventurous and have nothing to do with adventure.However,nothing could be further from the truth. ‎ ‎　2　 The phrase came into existence in the 1990’s.Many enthusiasts don’t consider adventure sports as competitive,meaning they do not consider them as “sports”. ‎ There is no exact definition for extreme sports.Extreme sports include inline skating,snowboarding,free diving,shark diving and many more. 　3　 Any teenager who is interested in trying adventure sports can try any of these.An adventure sport is meant to be filled with fun and enjoyment as well as being adventurous. ‎ ‎　4　 Octopus wrestling was once considered as an adventure sport but is now considered as cruel and doesn’t fall into the category (范畴) anymore.Snowboarding and skateboarding have been popular since they started in the 1950s.Kite surfing originated in 13th-century China.It has become famous since then. ‎ Adventure sports are fun. 　5　 However,if you are very fond of a certain sport and you have all the necessary equipment and also your life insurance is up to date,you can certainly try that sport out. ‎ A.They are well known to the teenagers.‎ B.There are many different kinds of adventure sports.‎ C.Adventure sports are of much worry to the teenagers’ mums.‎ D.Extreme sports are really more adventurous than they sound.‎ E.But there are some activities that shouldn’t be tried by beginners.‎ F.All these sports are really very adventurous and are actually worth trying.‎ G.“Extreme sports” is a phrase that is commonly used for adventurous games.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了极限运动的特性、起源及所包含的类型等。‎ ‎1.D　根据设空处下文中的“People generally think that these sports are just called adventurous and have nothing to do with adventure.However,nothing could be further from the truth.”可知,极限运动事实上很危险,D项意义与之吻合。‎ ‎2.G　G项“‘Extreme sports’ is a phrase that is commonly used for adventurous games.”与设空处下一句中的phrase前后呼应。‎ ‎3.F　由设空处下文中的“An adventure sport is meant to be filled with fun and enjoyment as well as being adventurous.”可知,极限运动也有其意义所在,且F项中的“All these sports”与上文中的“inline skating,snowboarding,free diving,shark diving and many more”相呼应。‎ ‎4.B　根据下文中对不同极限运动的介绍可知,本段主要讲述了极限运动包括很多类型,故B项符合此处语境。‎ ‎5.E　根据该空后的“However,if you are very fond of ...you can certainly try that sport out”可知,设空处与下文之间为转折关系,后一句意为如果准备充分可以尝试极限活动,故设空处表意与其相反,E项内容“初学者不建议尝试极限运动”符合语境。‎ 三、语法填空 Ever since I was a young girl my favourite styles of music have been jazz and blues,but I’m a great fan of other styles,too.The first CD I bought was Chuck Berry’s Greatest Hits when I was 11.I 1.　　　　　 (true) loved it and I always sang along and danced to the music. ‎ As I got older I started to listen to other musicians,such as Elvis Presley.I just loved music 2.　　　　　 made me want to dance.I started to love soul music too after a friend bought me a Motown Classics CD for my 15th birthday.I’ve read a lot about these 3.　　　　　 (amaze) artists and performers and still do till this day.As quite 4. shy person,hearing these people perform 5. such confidence and such gifts was inspirational to me. ‎ Blues music is rooted in African-American history and developed from the 19th century when African slaves and ex-slaves would sing about 6.　　　　　 (they) experiences.The birthplace of the blues is said 7. (be) the Mississippi Delta near New Orleans in the USA.Although jazz and blues are 8. (difference) genres (流派) of music they have always influenced each other.I think I enjoy music so much because it is a form of escapism from reality.And a study 9. (make) by University of Missouri shows people can become much 10. (cheerful) by listening to something upbeat. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎1.truly　考查副词。设空处修饰loved,表示“真心地”,故填truly。‎ ‎2.that/which　考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词music,且在从句中做主语,故填that或which。‎ ‎3.amazing　考查动词-ing形式做定语的用法。设空处做定语修饰artists and performers,意为“令人惊叹的”,故填amazing。‎ ‎4.a　考查不定冠词。“quite+a(n)+adj.+名词单数形式”表示“一个非常……的……”。‎ ‎5.with　考查介词。设空处在此引导状语,表示“有”,故填with。‎ ‎6.their　考查代词。设空处在此表示所属(他们的),故填their。‎ ‎7.to be　考查不定式做宾语的用法。be said to be ...意为“据说是……”。‎ ‎8.different　考查形容词做定语的用法。设空处做定语修饰genres,意为“不同的”,故填different。‎ ‎9.made　考查过去分词做定语的用法。study后跟定语,又因为make与study之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且make所表示的动作已完成,故填made。‎ ‎10.more cheerful　考查形容词的比较级。由前面的much可知,设空处应用形容词的比较级,故填more cheerful。‎