2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Getti学案牛津译林版必修5

2021版高考英语一轮复习Unit1Getti学案牛津译林版必修5

Unit 1 Getting along with others 一、语基必备知识 ‎(一)重点词汇——分类记忆 Ⅰ.阅读词汇——知其意 ‎1．remark n．&vi． 评论，谈论 ‎2．quarrel n．&vi. 争吵，争执 ‎3．sensitive adj. 易生气的；敏感的；体贴的 ‎4．envy vt.&n. 羡慕，忌妒 ‎5．identity n. 身份 ‎6．absurd adj. 荒唐的，怪诞的 ‎7．acquaintance n. 泛泛之交，熟人；略有交情，(与某人)认识 ‎8．worldwide adv.& adj. 全世界(的)‎ ‎9．adolescent adj. 青春期的 n. 青少年 ‎10．committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的 Ⅱ.核心词汇——写其形 ‎1．sincerely adv. 真诚地 ‎2．pretend vi.& vt. 假装；装扮，扮作 ‎3．cheerful adj. 愉快的，高兴的；令人愉快的 ‎4．focus vi.& vt. 集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦 n. 焦点；重点 ‎5．blame vt.& n. 责备，指责；(坏事或错事的)责任 ‎6．overcome vt. 克服，解决 ‎7．attitude n. 态度，看法 ‎8．eager adj. 热切的，急不可待的 ‎9．dislike vt. 不喜欢，厌恶 Ⅲ.拓展词汇——通其变 ‎1．admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳→admission n．承认；进入；许可 36‎ ‎2．forgive vt.原谅，宽恕→forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕 ‎3．manner n．方式；态度，举止→manners n．礼貌 ‎4．argue vi.争吵，争论→argument n．争辩，争论 ‎5．apologize vi.道歉→apology n．道歉 ‎6．disagreement n．分歧，争论，意见不一→disagree vi.不同意 ‎7．amusement n．娱乐，消遣→amuse vt.娱乐，消遣，使发笑→amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的 ‎8．hopeless adj.没有好转希望的，无望的；糟透的→hope n．& v．希望→hopeful adj.有希望的，怀有希望的，满怀希望的→hopefully adv.有希望地，有前途地 ‎9．respond vi.做出反应，回应→response n．回答；反应 ‎10．mercy n．宽恕；仁慈→merciful adj.仁慈的；宽容的 ‎11．guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的→guilt n．罪行，内疚 ‎12．cruel adj.伤人的；残酷的，残忍的→cruelty n．残酷，野蛮，残酷的行为 ‎1.“争论”不止，“辩论”不息 ‎①quarrel n．& vi.　争执，争吵 ‎②argue vt.& vi. 争论，争吵 ‎③discuss vt. 讨论 ‎④debate vi.& n. 争论，争辩 ‎2.“渴望……”大全 ‎①be eager for sth./to do sth.‎ ‎②be dying for sth./to do sth.‎ ‎③be desperate for sth./to do sth.‎ ‎④be keen on doing sth.‎ ‎3.“歉意”表达种种 ‎①apologize to sb. for sth.‎ ‎②I’m sorry for...‎ ‎③say sorry to sb. for sth.‎ ‎④Excuse me for...‎ ‎(二)重点短语——记牢用活 ‎1．spy_on 暗中监视，窥探 ‎2．keep_pace_with (与……)步调一致，(与……)同步 ‎3．before_long 不久，很快 ‎4．get_through (用电话)接通 ‎5．be_based_on 以……为基础，以……为根据 ‎6．regardless_of 不管，不顾 36‎ ‎7．end_up 最后成为；最终处于 ‎8．rely_on 依靠，依赖 ‎9．be_cautious_about 对……谨慎的；对……小心的 ‎10．keep_one’s_word 遵守诺言 ‎11．stay_up 熬夜，挺住 ‎12．in_advance 事先，提前 ‎13．can’t_help_doing_sth. 情不自禁做某事 ‎14．in_one’s_opinion 在某人看来 ‎15．feel_like_doing... 想要做……‎ ‎16．thanks_to 幸亏；由于 ‎17．in_conclusion 总之 ‎18．look_back_on 回顾，回首 ‎1.“理由”多多 ‎①because of 由于，因为 ‎②owing to 由于，因为 ‎③due to 由于，因为 ‎④on account of 由于，因为 ‎⑤thanks to 由于，幸亏 ‎⑥as a result of 由于；因为 ‎2.word短语知多少？‎ ‎①keep one’s word 遵守诺言 ‎②break one’s word 失信，食言 ‎③in a word 总之，简言之 ‎④in other words 换句话说 ‎3.“in＋n.”短语集训营 ‎①in advance 事先，提前 ‎②in conclusion 总之 ‎③in return 作为回报 ‎④in order 井然有序 ‎⑤in place 在适当的位置 ‎⑥in trouble 在困境中 ‎(三)重点句式——背熟巧用 句型公式 教材原句 句型1：I don’t think/believe...为否定转移结构 I_don’t_think I can ever truly forgive her.‎ 我认为我永远不会原谅她。‎ 句型2：so＋be/助动词或情态动词＋主语 Football is very important to me, but so_is_our_friendship. 足球对我很重要，但是我们的友谊也很重要。‎ 36‎ 句型3：cannot help doing sth.‎ 忍不住做某事 Yesterday, I saw him talking to another boy, Peter, and I cannot_help_wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me.　昨天，我看见他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。‎ 句型4：if条件状语从句的省略形式 If_so,_the problem lies with you, not her.‎ 要是这样的话，问题出在你身上，而不是她。‎ 句型5：状语从句的省略 When_asked,_they usually hesitate before responding，“My best friend？...”‎ 当他们被问到的时候，在回答“我的最好的朋友？……”前他们通常会犹豫。‎ 二、语境强化训练 Ⅰ.语境填词——根据提示写出该词的适当形式 ‎1．People with high EQs usually have positive attitudes(态度) towards life.‎ ‎2．The girl blamed(责备) for being late for class is weeping now.‎ ‎3．(2018·江苏卷)The report said they also faced pressure to respond(回应) to messages at all hours of the day—especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.‎ ‎4．With his attention focused(集中) on what the teacher was saying, Tom didn’t know what was happening outside.‎ ‎5．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)All in all, I sincerely(真诚地) invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.‎ ‎6．To everyone’s amusement(amuse), someone hid his clothes while he was swimming.‎ ‎7．Jim and Mary seem suited to each other, in spite of their quarrels(quarrel)．‎ ‎8．As he found no taxi at the bus station, he looked around hopelessly(hopeless)．‎ ‎9．They will consider whether or not he has been guilty(guilt) of serious professional misconduct.‎ ‎10．(2019·天津卷)I liked facts, things that are concrete.I thought anything ‎ 36‎ abstract left too much room for argument(argue)．‎ Ⅱ.派生词练习——用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．We all know the fact that if you want to be forgiven,_you’d better forgive others first.(forgive)‎ ‎2．Jim apologized to his girlfriend for his being rude to her, but she didn’t accept his apology．(apology)‎ ‎3．Experts disagreed on where to build a bridge and the disagreement led to the delay of the project.(disagree)‎ ‎4．My cousin did very well in the college entrance examination，‎ so he gained admission into Peking University.His abilities were admitted by his family and relatives.(admit) ‎ ‎5．Don’t speak to your father in this manner,_or the others will say you have bad manners．(manner) ‎ Ⅲ.选词成篇 thanks to; be based on; get through; end up; before long; regardless of Tom was a top student in a senior high school but recently he was addicted to playing computer games. 1.Regardless_of the bad effect computer games had on him, he still went his own way. 2.Before_long he 3.ended_up failing the midterm exam.His headteacher, Mr. Wang, was worried about him. He 4.got_through to Tom’s father. His father talked to him face to face seriously. Finally, Tom realized that success 5.was_based_on diligence and persistence. 6.Thanks_to the timely warning of his father and teacher, Tom was confident that he was to make much progress in the finalterm exam.‎ in conclusion; rely on; keep pace with; in one’s opinion; stay up Nowadays, in senior middle schools, some students 7.stay_up too late every night in order to 8.keep_pace_with others in study. 9.In_my_opinion,_such a practice is not worth the candle. After all, health is the most important and the body is the capital we 10.rely_on. 11.In_conclusion,_when we study, we should not forget to exercise.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 36‎ ‎1．我认为牺牲环境给经济发展让路不是一个好主意。‎ I_don’t_think_it’s_a_good_idea to give up the environment to make way for economic development.‎ ‎2．每个班都有自身的问题，我的班也一样。‎ Every class has its own problems, and so_does_mine．‎ ‎3．他时常禁不住回想起他孩提时的幸福生活。‎ He often can’t_help_looking_back_upon the happy life when he was a child.‎ ‎4．——我听说张先生在事故中受伤严重。‎ ‎——如果是这样的话，咱们去看看他吧。‎ ‎—I hear Mr. Zhang was badly injured in the accident.‎ ‎—If_so,_let’s go to see him.‎ ‎5．当被问及对于教练工作的看法的时候，汤姆说他觉得很难，但是值得做。‎ When_asked_about_his_views about his coaching job, Tom said he found it hard but rewarding.‎ ‎ pretend　v．假装；佯作 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(浙江卷)He would ask who we were and pretend not to_know(know) us.‎ ‎②(2019·天津卷)So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend to_be_reading(read)．‎ ‎③He decided to help me but I pretended to_have_finished(finish) my job already.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级 ‎④(普通表达)She pretended_that_she_didn’t_know_me/pretended_not_to_know_me(假装不认识我). This really made me upset.‎ ‎⑤(高级表达)She_pretended_that_she_didn’t_know_me/pretended_not_to_know_me,_which_‎ 36‎ really_made_me_upset.‎ ‎(非限制性定语从句)‎ 　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] I had been lying to myself, pretending that everything was fine.‎ 我曾一直欺骗自己，假装一切都很好。(浙江卷)‎ ‎[名师点津] pretend后接不定式时，一定要注意不定式时态的变化。根据句意可用一般式、进行式或完成式。和pretend有类似用法的动词还有happen, appear, seem, claim等。‎ ‎ admit　vt.& vi.允许进入，允许；承认；接收 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①Tom admitted cheating/having_cheated(cheat) in the examination and he was not admitted to/into the school at last.‎ ‎②a.(浙江卷)Joe is proud and stubborn, never admitting(admit) he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame. ‎ b．(2017·天津卷)She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted(admit) that I hadn’t.‎ ‎③Gaining admission(admit) to a key university is seen as a key to future success for some parents.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 这个男孩不承认向母亲撒了谎，这让他的母亲很失望。‎ ‎④The boy didn’t_admit_lying/having_lied_to_his_mother,_which made his mother disappointed.‎ ‎⑤The boy didn’t_admit_that_he_had_lied_to_his_mother,_which made his mother disappointed.‎ ‎(1)admit (doing/having done) sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　 承认(做了)某事 36‎ admit sb./sth. to be＋adj./n.‎ ‎ 承认某人/某事是……　‎ ‎(2)admit sb. into/to... 允许某人进入/加入……‎ ‎(3)admission n. 准许进入；入场费；承认 ‎[名师点津] ‎ 双写辅音字母的过去式、过去分词和现在分词 ‎①admit：admitted/admitted/admitting ‎②permit：permitted/permitted/permitting ‎③plan：planned/planned/planning ‎④refer：referred/referred/referring ‎⑤prefer：preferred/preferred/preferring ‎ focus　n．焦点；集中点；焦距；中心　v．(使)集中；聚集 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions.‎ ‎②a.With his attention focused(focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.‎ b．With so many people focusing(focus) their eyes on him, he felt very nervous.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升级 ‎③(普通表达)He focused_his_energy_on_working(专注于工作), so he spared no time to travel.‎ ‎④(高级表达)Focusing_his_energy_on_working,_he spared no time to travel.(分词作状语)‎ ‎⑤(高级表达)With_his_energy_focused_on_working,_he spared no time to travel.(with复合结构)‎ ‎(1)focus on/upon　　 集中(注意力/精力)于 focus one’s attention/mind/energy on 36‎ ‎ 集中注意力/心思/精力于 ‎(2)the focus of attention/concern/argument ‎ 注意力/关注/争论的焦点 ‎[佳句背诵] The whole world focused on the 2019 Beijing summit of the Forum on ChinaAfrica Cooperation.　全球目光都聚焦于2019年中非合作论坛北京峰会。‎ ‎[名师点津] 表示“集中精力于……”的短语还有concentrate one’s attention on, fix one’s attention on, put one’s heart into等。‎ ‎ argue　vi.争论，辩论；说服；主张；认为 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①It’s no use arguing(argue) with him about the question for he won’t change his mind.‎ ‎②(福建卷)When this happens, the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument(argue). ‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③我们尝试了很多办法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒然。‎ We tried many ways to_argue_him_into_accepting_our_advice,_but in vain. ‎ ‎④最终我说服了他戒掉吸烟。‎ I argued_him_out_of_smoking eventually.‎ ‎(1)argue with sb.about/over sth. 与某人争论某事 argue sb. into/out of doing sth.‎ ‎ 说服某人做某事/不做某事 argue that...(should)．.. 主张/认为……‎ ‎(2)argument n. 争论；辩论 beyond argument 毋庸置疑　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] I argue that everyone (should) make contributions to protecting the environment.‎ 我认为每个人都应该为保护环境做贡献。‎ ‎ apologize　vi.道歉；辩白 36‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2017·天津卷)Respond quickly and briefly, apologising for your mistake.‎ ‎②I must make an apology(apologize) to him for not being able to attend his party.‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 老师建议我为不能守约向你道歉。‎ ‎③My teacher made_a_suggestion that I should apologize to you for failing to keep the appointment. ‎ ‎④My teacher recommended me to make_an_apology to you for failing to keep the appointment.‎ ‎(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　 因(做)某事向某人道歉 ‎(2)apology n. 道歉；辩白 make an apology to sb. for sth.‎ ‎ 因某事向某人道歉 owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] I owe you an apology for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.　我应为星期五下午不能和你一起去书店向你道歉。(全国卷Ⅲ)‎ ‎ blame　n．(对错事或坏事应付的)责任；过失；责备　v．责备 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(广东卷)Once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser. ‎ ‎②(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.‎ ‎③Don’t always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to_blame(blame)．‎ ‎[能力提升]——用blame的适当形式完成下面小片段 36‎ ‎④他因这起事故受到了责备，但他把它归咎于别人。事实上，是他而不是别人该为此承担责任。‎ He was_blamed_for the accident, but he blamed it on others. In fact, it is he, not others, that is_to_blame_for/takes_the_blame_for it.‎ ‎(1)blame sb.for sth.　 因某事而责备某人 blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人身上 be to blame (for...) 应承担责任；该受责备 ‎(2)take the blame for... 对……负责 put the blame for sth.on sb.‎ ‎ 把某事归咎于某人身上　 ‎ ‎[名师点津] be to blame 只用于不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。‎ ‎[词块助记]‎ take/bear the blame　　　　　　 承担责任 shift the blame/responsibility 推卸责任 ‎ respond　vi.做出反应，回应　vt.& vi.回答 ‎[基础练习]——单句改错 ‎①They are likely to respond positively the President’s request for aid.在positively后加to ‎②Was there any response for the relation between China and Japan？for→to ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③她没有回答我的问题，这使我非常生气。‎ She made_no_response to my question, which made me very angry.‎ ‎(1)respond to　 　 　 　 答复……；对……做出反应 ‎(2)response n. 回应，反应，回答 in response to 对……做出反应 make a response to 对……做出回答/应　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Knowing basic first－aid techniques will help you respond quickly ‎ 36‎ to emergencies.　知道基本的急救技术将会帮助你对紧急情况快速做出反应。(福建卷)‎ ‎ get through　设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；渡过(难关)；用完；耗尽 ‎[一词多义]——写出下列句中get through的含义 ‎①I managed to get through the hard work and the pain was worth it in the end.(设法)做完 ‎②I couldn’t get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then.打通电话 ‎③Luckily, he got through the exam and his efforts paid off.通过 ‎④The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more.用完 get across　　　　 　 　 被理解；使人了解 get away with 被放过；逃脱惩罚 get down to doing sth. 着手认真做某事 get over 克服 get on 进展；进步　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you get through the tough years.‎ 毕业是感谢在艰难岁月中帮助你渡过艰难岁月的人的美好时刻。‎ ‎ regardless of　不管；不顾 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) ...whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Despite/In_spite_of_the_rain(尽管下雨), we can still take part in physical activities in the stadium.‎ ‎③In addition, the Internet makes surveying and voting easy and convenient，regardless_of_time_and_space(无论在时间上还是空间上)．‎ 36‎ ‎(1)regardless of　　　　 不管；不顾(侧重指 ‎ 不计后果和代价)‎ ‎(2)despite＝in spite of 尽管；不管；虽然 ‎ (后常接名词，不接从句)‎ ‎(3)with regard to 关于；至于　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] You will hurt others if you say what you think, regardless of other people’s feelings.‎ 如果你想说什么就说什么，而不管别人怎么想，你会伤害别人的。‎ ‎ rely on/upon　依赖；依靠；信任；信赖 ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①(福建卷)Nowadays parents do everything for their single children, which makes the children rely on/upon their parents badly.‎ ‎②a.Nowadays the children rely more on their parents to_do(do) everything for them.‎ b．If he promises to do something, he will do it, so you can rely on his lending(lend) you the money.‎ ‎③My friend is a reliable(rely) person, and you can rely on it that he will come to meet you on time. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——一句多译 你可以相信你困难时我会帮助你。‎ ‎④You can rely_on/upon_my_helping_you when you are in trouble.‎ ‎⑤You can rely_on/upon_me_to_help_you when you are in trouble.‎ ‎⑥You can rely_on_it_that_I_can_help_you when you are in trouble.‎ ‎(1)rely on sb.to do sth. 依靠某人做某事 ‎＝rely on sb.’s doing sth.‎ rely on it that... 相信……，指望……‎ ‎(2)reliable adj. 可依靠的；可信赖的　 ‎ 36‎ ‎[佳句背诵] These days，we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.‎ 现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排工作。‎ ‎[名师点津] 在rely on it that...结构中， it作形式宾语，代替that引导的真正的宾语从句。类似的还有： ‎ ‎①depend on it that... 　　放心好了，请相信……‎ ‎②take it for granted that... 认为……是理所当然的 ‎③appreciate it＋if从句 如果……，将不胜感激 ‎④like/hate it＋when从句 喜欢/痛恨……的时候 ‎ cannot help doing sth.忍不住做某事 ‎(教材P3)Yesterday, I saw him talking to another boy, Peter, and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me.‎ 昨天，我看见他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。‎ ‎[基础练习]——单句语法填空 ‎①I would be happy to help you with your fashion change!‎ ‎②I can’t help wondering(wonder) what happened to that little girl.‎ ‎③With so much work to do, he can’t help but ask(ask) his friend for help.‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎④因为他是我最好的朋友，当我遇到麻烦时他肯定会帮我。‎ As_he_is_my_best_friend,_when_I_am_in_trouble,_he_will_certainly_help_me_out.,　　本句中cannot help doing sth.表示“忍不住做某事，无法控制做某事”。‎ ‎ ‎(1)can’t help oneself　 　 控制不住某人自己 can’t help but do sth. 不得不做某事 can’t help (to) do sth. 不能帮忙做某事 ‎(2)help (...) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事 help yourself (to sth.) 随便自己动手(夹菜 36‎ ‎ 吃、用……)‎ with the help of sb.＝with one’s help ‎ 在某人的帮助下　 ‎ ‎ if条件状语从句的省略形式 ‎(教材P9)If so, the problem lies with you, not her.‎ 要是这样的话，问题出在你身上，而不是她。‎ ‎[基础练习]——用右栏句式填空 ‎①If_possible,_try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.‎ ‎②If we can do that, we can keep up with the times. But if_not,_we would always fall behind. ‎ ‎[能力提升]——完成句子 ‎③(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)我是李华，我想知道周末你是否有空。如果有空咱们一起参加我校的音乐节吧。‎ I’m Li Hua. I’m wondering if you are available at the weekend. If_so,_let’s_attend_the_music_festival_of_my_school.‎ if ever　　　　　　　 如果有过/发生过的话 if any 如果有的话 if possible 如果有可能 if necessary 如果有必要　 ‎ ‎[佳句背诵] Would you like to join our school table tennis team？If so, please email me as soon as possible.‎ 你愿意加入我们校乒乓球队吗？如果愿意，请尽快给我发邮件。(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)‎ 维度一　在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．I made a careless mistake in the report.Please accept my apology(apologize)．‎ ‎2．I think it is time you woke up and focused(focus) your thoughts on more 36‎ ‎ important matters.‎ ‎3．Candidates who fail to meet these requirements will not be_admitted(admit) to/into this football team.‎ ‎4．I sincerely(sincere) express my regret again about the inconvenience caused by us.‎ ‎5．To be honest, it is Jack that is to_blame(blame) for the broken vase.‎ 维度二　在空白处填入1个适当的单词 ‎1．If we neglect our future, we’ll end up in failure as what happens to the man in the picture.‎ ‎2．It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions.‎ ‎3．As tourism grows increasingly popular, Chinese are becoming particularly sensitive to improper behavior.‎ ‎4．You may rely on it that she will look after you when you are old.‎ ‎5．I enjoy my job in research because I can keep pace with all the latest developments.‎ 维度三　语境品词(写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义)‎ ‎1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)The music festival will be shown in the hall which can admit 1，600 students.容纳 ‎2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)We were respectful of craft(技艺) and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play.集中注意力于……‎ ‎3．Having realized that it was my fault that caused the experiment to fail, I decided to apologize to my partner.道歉 ‎4．It would be foolish of us to pretend that the accident never happened.假装 ‎5．(2019·北京卷)Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure lowincome students ‎ in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.不管 维度四　易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)‎ ‎1．The dog’s amused movements made us laugh.‎ amused→amusing 36‎ ‎2．It’s all of us that are eager of success.of→for ‎3．All material I gave you is basing on the readings and class discussion.basing→based ‎4．Whenever I look at her, I can’t help think of my cousin.‎ think→thinking ‎5．I like walking in the morning, and so did my wife.‎ did→does ‎6．He lay in the darkness, pretended to sleep. pretended→pretending ‎7．Believe it or not, I won’t go to the party unless inviting.‎ inviting→invited ‎8．You may rely on that she will apologize to you.‎ 在that前加it 维度五　完成句子 ‎1．——王亚平是第二名被送入太空的中国女性。‎ ‎——她肯定受过艰苦的训练。‎ ‎—Wang Yaping was the second woman to be sent into space in China.‎ ‎—She must_have_gone_through_tough_training．‎ ‎2．按计划，我们将于早上七点钟在学校大门口乘公交车出发。‎ As_planned,_we will leave by bus at 7：00 am at the school gate.‎ ‎3．杰克还是不由自主地担心他的工作面试。‎ Jack still_can’t_help_being_anxious_about_his_job_interview．‎ ‎4．那些在外学习或工作的人们急于回家过春节。‎ People who study or work away from home are_eager_to_go_back_to_celebrate the Spring Festival.‎ ‎5．很多父母相信，被顶级中学录取能保证孩子们上一所好大学。‎ Being_admitted_to_a_top_high_school,_as many parents believe, will guarantee their children a good university.‎ 提能一　语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请补全短文，‎ 36‎ 并背诵体会黑体部分用法)‎ With the improvement of living standard, more and more Chinese are going abroad 1.eagerly(eager) to experience foreign culture. However, some of them focus too much 2. on themselves and forget to follow the local customs, which has had a bad effect on our country’s image. As for this phenomenon, some argue 3.for severe punishment against those people. They should 4.be_blamed(blame) for what they have done. Once they admitted 5.having_done(do) wrong, they should first make an 6.apology(apologize) in public and then accept punishment. Some think that we should rely on the guides 7.to_prevent(prevent) these bad behaviors. Some guides who ignore to remind the tourists of the local customs should also be punished. They should respond in time to stop the tourists’ bad 8.manners(manner). If 9.so,_some bad behaviors can be prevented. You must mind your own behaviors while 10.traveling(travel) abroad, and remember to prevent the uncivilized behaviors you meet.‎ 提能二　话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)‎ ‎1．补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)‎ ‎①李华和同学相处得不好，那是因为他很少说话算数。‎ Li Hua didn’t get_along_well_with his classmates.That’s because he seldom kept_his_word．‎ ‎②当他与别人争吵或自己犯错误时，他总是在责备他人，并且从不向他们道歉。‎ When he quarreled_with_someone_else or made a mistake, he always blamed_it_on others and never apologized_to_them．‎ ‎③李萍决定帮助他并多次和他面对面交谈，他意识到要想得到同学们的原谅，他必须做出改变。‎ Li Ping was_determined_to_help him and talked to him face_to_face many times and he realized that he must make a change so that his classmates would_forgive_him.‎ ‎④现在李华交了很多朋友，朋友们也信任他。‎ Now Li Hua has_made_many_friends and they rely_on_him．‎ ‎⑤总之，懂得如何与他人相处和保持友谊是一门艺术。‎ In_conclusion,_it’s an art to know how to get on with others and keep_friendship．‎ 36‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎⑥用含有状语从句的复合句升级句①‎ Li_Hua_didn’t_get_along_well_with_his_classmates,_because_he_seldom_kept_his_word.‎ ‎⑦用分词短语作状语升级句②‎ Having_quarreled_with_someone_else_or_made_a_mistake,_he_always_blamed_it_on_others_and_never_apologized_to_them.‎ ‎3．衔接成美文 ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Li Hua didn’t get along well with his classmates, because he seldom kept his word.Having quarreled with someone else or made a mistake, he always blamed it on others and never apologized to them.Li Ping was determined to help him and talked to him face to face many times and he realized that he must make a change so that his classmates would forgive him.Now Li Hua has made many friends and they rely on him.In conclusion, it’s an art to know how to get on with others and keep friendship.‎ 课时练1　2篇阅读＋1篇完形 阅读理解 A 36‎ ‎(2020·安徽省示范高中模拟) “Joe? Is that you？” The woman speaking to me at the baseball game looked a little familiar. “Marci？” I asked. “It is you！” she cried out, smiling broadly. “It’s good to see you again！”‎ It was good to see Marci, too. Off and on during the past few decades, I’ve wondered about her. I almost tried to search for her a few years ago after talking to a friend who had indicated that the 1990s had been pretty rough for Marci. So meeting her at the baseball game was really a surprise.‎ We spent a few minutes talking about our lives—the good old and bad old days. Then Marci grew quiet for a moment. “You know, Joe，” she said, “I’ve always wanted to tell you how...how...sorry I am for the way I treated you. You must have been hurt both physically and mentally.” It was a little embarrassed. I turned and looked at her. “It’s OK，” I said, “No big deal！” “But I was such a jerk，” she continued. “Yes, you were，” I thought. “We were both pretty young，” I smiled. “I know，” she said. “It’s just always bothered me, remembering how mean I was to you. And I’ve wanted to tell you that I’m sorry.” The expression on her face was warm and sincere. And there was something in her eyes—it looked a lot like relief. “OK，” I said. “Apology accepted！” Overcome by the sweetness of the moment, I reached an arm around her and gave her a quick hug. Just then, the crowd erupted with a huge cheer, and Marci and I both returned our attention to the game. By the time I looked over to where she had been and she was gone. But the warm, wonderful feeling of our brief exchange was still there, and continues to this day whenever I think about it.‎ It isn’t enough to just say “I’m sorry” and “You’re forgiven”. But when those words are truly felt and sincerely expressed, they can open the door to miracles of the heart. Forgiveness can bring peace to an injured soul—even years after the fact. Even at a baseball game.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”在棒球赛场见到了多年未见的朋友Marci。她见到“我”后为以前那样对待“我”向“我”真诚地道歉，“我”立刻原谅了她。之后“我们”都感到温暖和愉快。‎ ‎1．What kind of life did Marci live during the late 20th century according to 36‎ ‎ the passage?‎ A．Happy.　 B．Busy.‎ C．Hard. D．Simple.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“I almost tried to search for her a few years ago after talking to a friend who had indicated that the 1990s had been pretty rough for Marci.”可知，在20世纪90年代Marci生活得很艰难，故C项正确。‎ ‎2．What does the underlined word “jerk” in the third paragraph mean?‎ A．A humorous person.‎ B．A cruel person.‎ C．A careless person.‎ D．An honest person.‎ B　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词下文中的“It’s just always bothered me, remembering how mean I was to you.”可知，当时她对“我”很刻薄，这件事一直困扰着她，再结合画线词所在句可知，她认为自己是一个刻薄的人；据此可知，画线词与B项含义相近，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．Why did Marci look in relief after talking with the author?‎ A．Because her favorite team won the game.‎ B．Because she learned Joe was living a good life.‎ C．Because she made an apology to the author.‎ D．Because she found she was not mean any longer.‎ C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘...And I’ve wanted to tell you that I’m sorry.’ The expression on her face was warm and sincere. And there was something in her eyes—it looked a lot like relief.”可知，由于Marci向“我”真诚地道了歉，所以她的眼里露出了轻松，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．What might be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Excitement of a Baseball Game B．Mental Burden of a Woman C．Miracles of Forgiveness D．Relief of Finding a Friend C　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，‎ 36‎ 文章最后两句为全文的主题句；结合全文内容可知，本文通过讲述“我”接受朋友Marci的真诚道歉，体会到原谅可以抚慰受伤的心灵的故事，说明了原谅创造的奇迹，故C项最适合作为本文标题。‎ B ‎(2020·辽宁五校模拟)‎ It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends’ marriage celebrations—flowerfilled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party？” More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.‎ By August, she had a plan：convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience through being a volunteer in nonprofit institutions in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets(花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most, “The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her，” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”‎ In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. Laëtitia Thélème is a volunteer for Les Petits Fières, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don’t have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread’，” says Thélème. “We don’t focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing(滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”‎ 36‎ In the beginning, most of Floranthropie’s donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization’s Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文讲述了Christine Law把婚礼上用过的花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，她的做法得到了很多人的支持。‎ ‎5．What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?‎ A．The waste of flowers.‎ B．The loneliness of seniors.‎ C．The persuasion of other friends.‎ D．The warm atmosphere of weddings.‎ A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘Where do all the flowers go after the party？’ More often than not, they were thrown away. Law was confident she could find a better use for them.”可知，婚礼上使用过的花束的浪费使Christine Law成立了Floranthropie这个机构。故选A。‎ ‎6．What was the first woman’s reaction to Christine Law’s flowers?‎ A．She was moved． B．She was excited.‎ C．She was worried. D．She was surprised.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her”可推知，当Christine Law给第一位女士送花时，她感到难以置信、相当惊讶。故选D。‎ ‎7．What can we infer about Floranthropie from Laëtitia Thélème’s words?‎ A．It should focus on primary care.‎ B．It is benefiting more than the elderly.‎ C．It is doing something of great importance.‎ D．It should cooperate with more nonprofit institutions.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Floranthropie helps us do that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”可推知，Laëtitia Thélème认为 Floranthropie正在做很重要的事，故C项符合文意。‎ 36‎ ‎8．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Volunteer Your Time B．Don’t Throw Flowers Away C．Special Delivery Makes Your Day D．Brighten Seniors’ Lives with Flowers D　解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了Christine Law为了不浪费婚礼上用过的花，把花送给老人们，为他们的生活增加美的享受，故选D。‎ 完形填空 ‎(2020·湖北武昌区调研)Very few of us become fluent in another language by studying it in high school. I made an effort to keep up the little bit of French that I learned in school, but eventually realized that this was __1__. I was well aware that new languages are best learned when __2__， and that our abilities in that regard decline with age. __3__， just before my 50th birthday, I __4__ for French classes.‎ After I was __5__ to see which group I belonged in, I was __6__ at almost the introductory level. I found that it really was true that certain linguistic(语言的) abilities __7__ with age. While I’d always thought of myself as a(n) __8__ learner, that was no longer the case. I absorbed new vocabulary very __9__. What I learned one week ago seemed to __10__ as soon as I learned the next skill.‎ Now, a couple of years later, I can listen to the news in French and __11__ 90 percent of it on the first try and read a novel if it’s not too difficult.‎ Who knows what I might still __12__？‎ I’ve learned so much __13__ grammar and vocabulary. I’ve met people from around the world and all walks of life who have the __14__ to make fools of themselves in order to __15__ something new. I’ve been taught by patient and inspirational teachers from many __16__ of the world, including France, Eastern Europe, the Caribbean and Africa.‎ Listening to the news as it is __17__ to the people of France, I have a renewed __18__ of how something can look completely different from another __19__. I’ve learned that a language is not just a set of words, but a way of __20__. But most ‎ 36‎ of all, I’ve learned that it really is never too late to learn something new.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者学习法语的经历告诉我们要活到老，学到老。‎ ‎1．A.unbelievable　 B．pointless C．unbearable D．valueless B　解析：根据该句“I made an effort to keep up the little bit of French that I learned in school, but eventually realized that this was ______．”以及下文内容可知，“我”想努力保留在学校学的那一点法语，但最终意识到这是无意义的(pointless)，故选B。‎ ‎2．A.energetic B．curious C．young D．old C　解析：根据后半句中的“our abilities in that regard decline with age”并结合常识可知，年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的，故选C。‎ ‎3．A.However B．Therefore C．Besides D．Meanwhile A　解析：根据语境可知，在50岁生日之前，“我”注册(registered)了法语课，并结合上文提到的“年轻的时候学习新语言的效果是最好的”可知，此处表示转折关系，故选A。‎ ‎4．A.sought B．registered C．fought D．prepared B　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎5．A.interviewed B．challenged C．asked D．tested D　解析：根据空后的“to see which group I belonged in”并结合语境可知，经过测试(tested)来看“我”属于哪一个团体之后，“我”被归(placed) 为几乎是初级水平，故选D。‎ ‎6．A.restricted B．withdrawn C．appointed D．placed D　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎7．A.fade B．remain 36‎ C．disappear D．improve A　解析：根据第一段中的“our abilities in that regard decline with age”并结合常识可推知，某些语言的能力会随着年龄的增加而逐渐消失(fade)，故选A。‎ ‎8．A.autonomous B．average C．quick D．dull C　解析：根据语境可推知，“我”一直认为自己是一个学东西很快的(quick)学习者，但却不再是这样了，故选C。‎ ‎9．A.easily B．slowly C．steadily D．rapidly B　解析：结合语境及上题解析可推知，“我”掌握新词汇的速度很慢(slowly)，故选B。‎ ‎10．A.crowd in B．make sense C．slip away D．build up C　解析：根据语境可知，“我”一学习下一个技能，一个星期前学的就好像消失(slip away)了，故选C。crowd in“涌上(心头)”；make sense“有意义”；build up“(使)扩大”。‎ ‎11．A.catch B．recite C．share D．repeat A　解析：根据语境可推知，“我”第一遍听法语新闻时能够理解(catch)90%的内容。catch“理解”，故选A。‎ ‎12．A.complete B．overlook C．perform D．accomplish D　解析：根据语境可知，谁知道“我”仍可能实现(accomplish)什么呢？故选D。‎ ‎13．A.except B．beyond C．through D．including B　解析：根据下文的内容可知，“我”认为自己学到的不仅仅是法语的语法和词汇，故选B。beyond意为“除……之外”。‎ ‎14．A.confidence B．ability C．patience D．courage D　解析：根据空后的“make fools of themselves in order to ______ something 36‎ ‎ new”可知，此处表示“我”遇到了来自世界各行各业的人，他们为了学(learn)一些新的东西而有勇气(courage)出丑，故选D。‎ ‎15．A.learn B．experience C．explore D．possess A　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎16．A.organizations B．corners C．classes D．races B　解析：根据下文的“including France, Eastern Europe, the Caribbean and Africa”可知，这些老师来自世界的许多地区(corners)。‎ ‎17．A.updated B．spread C．presented D．conveyed C　解析：根据语境可知，听着播放给法国人的新闻，“我”有了一个全新的理解，故选C。present“上演，播出”。‎ ‎18．A.understanding B．attitude C．knowledge D．judgment A　解析：根据语境可知，“我”对一些东西是如何从不同角度(angle)看起来完全不同有了全新的理解(understanding)，故选A。‎ ‎19．A.manner B．aspect C．angle D．direction C　解析：参见上题解析。‎ ‎20．A.studying B．working C．living D．thinking D　解析：根据语境并结合常识可知，一门语言不仅仅是一组单词，也是一种思维(thinking)方式。‎ 课时练2　2篇阅读＋1篇七选五＋1篇语法填空 阅读理解 A ‎(2020·宿州高三诊断)It was about seven years ago. I just picked up my threeyearold daughter from the nursery. I was weighed down with shopping bags, and with my daughter’s things. We arrived at a pedestrian crossing and she pressed 36‎ ‎ the button. In the distance, I heard alarms, told my daughter to wait and watched a police car approaching.‎ Little did I know, as the_green_man flashed, that my daughter had begun to run into the road. I watched the police car speed toward us—that’s when you sounded your horn and waved wildly to me. My daughter was about a meter from the path of the police car, hidden from their view by your car.‎ I screamed her name and ran toward her. She stopped and was shocked by the rush of the police car as it sped past. She wondered why you had blown your horn, asking, “Mom, why was that woman so rude？” not realizing you had saved her life.‎ She wondered why I picked her up and burst into tears. My legs gave way as I reached the other side of the road. I should have followed my “wait” with a hand on her shoulder, or an explanation of why we were ignoring the green man this time, especially as I had in effect conditioned her to cross the road at the sight of the green flash.‎ I beat myself up for months, and still do, with flashbacks and horrible assumptions about what might have been. But for your sounding your horn, seeing what I hadn’t seen, I would have been left a mother on the other side of the road, totally broken. I apologize for putting you in that position—I can imagine that it upset you，too. You saved her life and I am so grateful.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。大约七年前，“我”的女儿过马路时没有注意到警车，幸亏一位女士按喇叭提醒，才挽救了女儿的生命。这件事让“我”至今难忘，心中充满感激。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined part “the green man” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A．A pedestrian. B．A policeman.‎ C．A traffic sign. D．A button.‎ C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Little did I know, as the_green_man flashed，that my daughter had begun to run into the road.”并结合常识可知，此处表示看到绿灯亮之后，“我”的女儿跑到了马路上；据此可推知，画线部分指代一种交通标志，故C项正确。A项意为“一个行人”，B项意为“一个警察”，D项意为“一个按钮”，都与语境不符。‎ 36‎ ‎2．Why did the woman sound her horn?‎ A．To stop the police car.‎ B．To show her impatience.‎ C．To greet passing pedestrians.‎ D．To draw the mother’s attention.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句“I watched the police car speed toward us—that’s when you sounded your horn and waved wildly to me. My daughter was about a meter from the path of the police car, hidden from their view by your car.”可知，“我”看到警车向“我们”疾驰而来，这时你按响了喇叭，疯狂地向“我”挥手。“我”的女儿离警车的车道大约一米远，你的车挡住了他们的视线。据此可推知，那位女士按响喇叭是为了引起这位母亲的注意，提醒她注意她女儿的安全，故D项正确。‎ ‎3．What can we infer from the incident?‎ A．The mother didn’t regret what had happened.‎ B．The daughter didn’t follow the traffic rules.‎ C．The woman responded quickly and properly.‎ D．The police drove beyond the speed limit.‎ C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知，当看到小女孩面临危险时，那位女士按响喇叭，并疯狂地向小女孩的母亲挥手；并结合第三段第一、二句“I screamed her name and ran toward her. She stopped and was shocked by the rush of the police car as it sped past.”可知，警车疾驰而过，“我”的女儿安然无恙；据此可推知，那位女士反应快速、正确，挽救了小女孩的生命，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．How did the mother feel when taking hold of her daughter?‎ A．Angry and shocked.‎ B．Scared but relieved.‎ C．Guilty and confused.‎ D．Grateful but sad.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一、二句“She wondered why I picked her up and burst into tears. My legs gave way as I reached the other side of the road.”可知，女儿不知道“我”为什么把她抱起来并突然大哭起来；当“我”走到路的另一边时，“我”的腿软了；结合上文可知，一位女士的提醒使“我”的女儿避免了车祸；据此可推知，抓住女儿 36‎ 时，这位母亲既害怕，又感到宽慰，故B项正确。‎ B ‎(2020·成都高三第一次诊断)‎ Young trees don’t just grow；they develop a personality and learn more about their environment and how they should best behave in it. They also help each other out whenever there’s trouble.‎ Personality, just as among people, varies among trees. Some are anxious, some bold. On the author’s land，there are three oak trees growing close together. One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others. Since they all experience the same temperature，the same soil and the same length of day, such variables can’t be the explanation. So what’s happening？Well，this tree is simply more careful than the others. Whoever holds on to their leaves longer can do more photosynthesis(光合作用) and store more nutrients. However, the longer a tree keeps its leaves, the higher the risk of injury.‎ Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes. A tree, for example, keeping its leaves too long during one year will never make this mistake again. This leads to several other conclusions: trees must notice the temperature and the length of the day and be able to save their experiences somewhere. Obviously, trees don’t have brains, but it is thought that in the sensitive tips of their roots they keep track of information and experiences.‎ But trees aren’t only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whenever there’s trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients. For example, one time the author found a very old tree stump. Its insides had rotted a long time ago to topsoil. But the wood on the outside of the stump was still living. How was this possible？Well, the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had 36‎ ‎ been for at least 400 years!‎ Why do trees do_such_a_thing？It’s simple: it’s better together. Trees need the forest; it protects them from storms, provides the right microclimate and warns them of attacks.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助。研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。‎ ‎5．Why does the author mention the three oak trees?‎ A．To illustrate trees can learn from experiences.‎ B．To show trees can make independent decisions.‎ C．To explain trees are quite supportive to each other.‎ D．To prove trees have the same personalities as humans.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“One of the oak trees always starts to shed its leaves two weeks earlier than the others.”可知，三棵橡树中，有一棵总比其他两棵先落叶；结合第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes.”可知，树木能自己做决定。据此可推知，作者提及三棵橡树旨在说明树木可以自己做决定，故B项正确。‎ ‎6．According to the text, which of the following best describes general features of trees?‎ A．Anxious and bold.‎ B．Smart and adventurous.‎ C．Helpful and wellbehaved.‎ D．Adaptable and supportive.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Not only do trees make their own decisions, they also learn from their mistakes.”，并结合第三段内容可知，树木不仅能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。据此可推知，树木适应能力强。根据第四段第一、二句“But trees aren’t only clever when it comes to caring for themselves. They also support each other whenever there’s trouble by giving warnings and even taking care of sick and weak conspecifics with nutrients.”可知，树木不仅善于照顾自己，当遇到困难时，它们会发出警告，相互支持，甚至照顾生病、虚弱的同类；据此可推知，树木之间互帮互助，‎ 36‎ 故D项正确。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined phrase “do such a thing” mean?‎ A．Give warnings. B．Offer assistance.‎ C．Depend on others. D．Provide nutrients.‎ B　解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段尾句“Well，the stump was nourished by its neighbors with nutrients from the root system, and had been for at least 400 years！”可知，树桩是由它的邻居从根处给予营养来滋养的；结合第五段第一句“Why do trees do_such_a_thing？”和其后的内容可知，该处表示“为什么树木要互相帮助？”，故画线短语是指提供帮助，故B项正确。‎ ‎8．Where does this text most probably come from?‎ A．A public lecture. B．A science book.‎ C．An experiment report. D．A travel journal.‎ B　解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树的智慧：每棵树都有它不同的个性，遇到困难时它们也会互相帮助。研究发现，树不但能自己做决定，还能从自己的错误中吸取教训。据此可推知，本文最可能选自科学书籍，故B项正确。‎ 七选五 ‎(2020·大连一模)In a study recently published in the journal Neuron, researchers found that super memorizers don’t have unusually large brain regions that allow them to remember a lot of information. 1.________ Here are a few of their favorite tricks that can help you to remember things in your everyday life.‎ To Remember: New words Technique: Change routine In a study, a group of students studied a list of words in two separate sessions. Some studied in a messy room and some in a neat space. One group of students spent both sessions in the same room, while the other split the sessions between the two environments. During a test, the students who studied in multiple places remembered much more. 2.________ That includes the time of day, the music in the background, whether you sit or stand, etc.‎ To Remember: Your PIN Technique: Count it out 36‎ You could use your birthday, or your phone number, but identity thieves have a way of figuring those numbers out. 3.________ Write a four－word sentence, then count the number of letters in each word. For instance, “This is my PIN”＝4223.‎ To Remember: Faces Technique: Focus on noses While some super memorizers specialize in associating names with faces, the memory palace technique doesn’t work as well if the image of the face is changed in any way. Rather than focusing on eyes, as most people do, focus on the centre or to the left of a person’s nose. 4.________‎ To Remember: Facts & figures Technique: 5.________‎ To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one. If your exam is in a week, study today and then again in a day or two. If it’s a month away, study today and then wait a week before your second session.‎ A．Value exams B．Give yourself time C．This allows you to take in their whole face.‎ D．Their brain structures are in fact the same as ours.‎ E．Instead, try this tip from Dominic O’Brien, an eighttime World Memory Champion.‎ F．The theory is that your brain links the words to the environment around you.‎ G．Studies showed that varying other aspects of your environment can also help.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四个有助于记忆的技巧。‎ ‎1．D　解析：根据上文中的“super memorizers don’t have unusually large brain regions”可知，那些记忆达人并没有非常大的脑区域，他们的大脑结构实际上和我们的一样，故选D项。‎ 36‎ ‎2．G　解析：承接上文“During a test, the students who studied in multiple places remembered much more.”，并与空后一句“That includes the time of day, the music in the background, whether you sit or stand, etc.”呼应可知，其他方面的环境变化对记忆也是有帮助的，这与本段介绍的技巧Change routine相吻合，故选G项。‎ ‎3．E　解析：根据空前一句“You could use...figuring those numbers out.”和空处下文的内容可知，空处推荐了一种不同的方法，这与第一段中效仿记忆达人的有效记忆策略相呼应，故选E项。‎ ‎4．C　解析：根据本段的记忆主题Faces和空前一句“Rather than focusing on eyes...a person’s nose.”可知，通过集中注意力于一个人的鼻子可以让你记住一个人的整个面孔，故选C项。‎ ‎5．B　解析：根据该段第一句“To learn and remember statistics, reviewing the material repeatedly over a longer time is far more effective than repeating it in a shorter one.”并结合对本段的整体理解可推知，本段推荐的记忆技巧是给自己时间，故选B项。‎ 语法填空 ‎(2020·南昌重点中学段考)In today’s world of mobile payment, all we really need 1.____________(survive) is a smartphone. But one company is hoping to make traditional wallets cool again, by 2.____________(bring) them into the digital age.‎ Armenian firm Volterman’s smart wallet takes security to a new level. It’s fitted with different technology, such as 3.____________ alarm, a GPS tracker, and even a camera. If your smartphone and wallet become separate, the alarm will warn you 4.____________ you don’t leave it behind. And if your wallet 5.____________(lose) or stolen, the GPS tracker can help you reach it.‎ Even 6.____________(interesting) is the frontfacing camera. “If someone dares to open your wallet 7.__________ permission, a little camera inside 8.____________(take) a picture and send it to your mobile phone. You will find it 9.____________(easy) by receiving a picture of the thief，” Azat Tovmasyan, Volterman’s founder, told news site Banks.am.‎ The hightech wallet will be released later this year and will come in three 10.____________(model), with the cheapest expected to cost $179.‎ 36‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种即将上市的智能钱包。‎ ‎1．to survive　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作状语表目的。该句意为：在当今的移动支付世界，我们生存真正需要的是一部智能手机。‎ ‎2．bringing　解析：考查非谓语动词。根据空前的介词by可知，空处作该介词的宾语，故用动名词形式。该句意为：但有一家公司希望通过将传统钱包带入数字时代，让它们再次变酷。‎ ‎3．an　解析：考查冠词。根据该句中的“a GPS tracker, and even a camera”并结合语境可知，该处泛指“一个警报器”，且alarm的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。‎ ‎4．so　解析：考查连词。句意：如果你的智能手机和钱包分开了，警报器会提醒你，这样你就不会忘记它。根据空处前后的句意可知，空处前后表示因果关系，故用so引导该结果状语从句。‎ ‎5．is lost　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意：如果你的钱包丢失或被盗，GPS跟踪器可以帮助你找到它。if引导的条件状语从句中可用一般现在时表示将来，故空处用一般现在时；根据语境可知，空处表示丢失的状态，故用is lost。‎ ‎6．more interesting　解析：考查形容词的比较级。上文介绍了如果你的钱包丢失或被盗，GPS跟踪器可以帮助你找到它的情况，结合该句中的“Even”可知，此处表示“更令人感兴趣的是前置摄像头”。故该处用形容词的比较级。‎ ‎7．without　解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，如果有人胆敢在未经允许的情况下打开你的钱包，里面的一个小摄像头就会拍下照片并发送到你的手机上。without permission意为“未经允许”，为固定用法。‎ ‎8．will take　解析：考查时态。分析句子结构可知，该句为主从复合句，从句为if引导的条件状语从句，使用了一般现在时，故主句用一般将来时。该句意为：如果有人胆敢在未经允许的情况下打开你的钱包，里面的一个小摄像头就会拍下照片并发送到你的手机上。‎ ‎9．easily　解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词“find”，故用副词形式。‎ ‎10．models　解析：考查名词的单复数。model为可数名词，根据空前的数词“three”可知，该处用复数形式。该句意为：这种高科技钱包的三个模型将于今年晚些时候上市，预计最便宜的价格是179美元。‎ 36‎ 36‎