高考英语一轮总复习考点集训十四Unit2Theenvironment牛津译林版

高考英语一轮总复习考点集训十四Unit2Theenvironment牛津译林版

考点集训(十四)　Unit2　Theenvironment 对应学生用书p277‎ 一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1.Youcanrelyon　　　　　　thattheschoolwillrespondimmediatelytothestudents’requestthattheyshouldhavemoretimetorelax.‎ ‎2.　　　　　　(impress) bytheyoungman'shonestspeech，theyofferedhimagoodpost.‎ ‎3.Theyhadbeenbroughtintoclean　　　　　　amess，andtheydidtheirjobwell.‎ ‎4.Withmanyforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantities　　　　　　goodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.‎ ‎5.Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinthepastyears，　　　　　　(range)fromeconomicgrowthtoenvironmentalprotection.‎ ‎6.Thefoodpricesaregoingup，sowewillcutback　　　　　　theuseofsomeexpensivevegetables.‎ ‎7.Heappreciated　　　　　　(give) achancetomakeapresentationintheannualseminaronComparativeLiterature.‎ ‎8.　　　　　　(absorb) inphotographing，thegirldidn'tknowwhathappenedoutside.‎ ‎9.Weopened　　　　　　floortothedifferentsuggestionsthattheyhadmadeatthemeeting.‎ ‎10.Thoughshe’dlostherjob，shesavedfacebysayingshe’dleftit　　　　　　(willing).‎ ‎11.The　　　　　　(high)wegoabovetheearth，thethinnertheairis.‎ ‎12.Afterbeinginterviewedforthejob，youwillberequired　　　　　　(take) alanguagetest.‎ ‎13.Thereisnodoubt　　　　　　globalwarminghasaninfluenceonalmosteverylivingthingonearth.‎ ‎14.We'rerunning　　　　　　ofgasandweneedtofindagasstation.‎ ‎15.Itissaidthatonlinesalesofcarsthisyeararethreetimes　　　　　　theywerelastyear.‎ 17‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎1.it。考查固定用法。句意：你可以相信，学校将立刻回应学生们提出的他们应该有更多休息时间的要求。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少宾语，要用it来指代空后的宾语从句thattheschool...torelax。故填it。‎ ‎2.Impressed。(be) impressedby给……留下深刻印象。‎ ‎3.up。考查介词。句意：他们被请来整顿一团糟的局面，他们干得很出色。cleanup“清理，整顿”，符合句意。故填up。‎ ‎4.of。quantitiesof大量的。‎ ‎5.ranging。考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，中国从经济发展到环境保护都取得了巨大成就。分析句子结构可知，句中有谓语动词hasmade，所以空处应该填写非谓语动词，greatachievements和range之间是主动关系，所以用动词ing形式。故填ranging。‎ ‎6.on。cutbackon削减，减少。‎ ‎7.beinggiven。appreciate后接动词ing形式；He与give之间为被动关系，故填beinggiven。‎ ‎8.Absorbed。(be) absorbedin...全神贯注、专心致志于……。‎ ‎9.the。openthefloor自由发言。‎ ‎10.willingly。考查词性转换。句意：虽然她失业了，但是她(为了)保全面子说她是自愿离职的。空处修饰动词，故用副词willingly。‎ ‎11.higher。考查固定结构。句意：我们离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。固定结构“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……，越……”。故填higher。‎ ‎12.totake。berequiredtodosth.被要求做某事。‎ ‎13.that。考查名词性从句。句意：毫无疑问，全球变暖影响到地球上几乎所有的生物。分析句子结构可知，空处引导同位语从句。当doubt用于否定句时，其后的同位语从句用that引导。故填that。‎ ‎14.out。runoutof用光，用尽。‎ ‎15.what。“...times＋what从句”表示倍数。句意：据说今年汽车的网络销量是去年的三倍。‎ 二、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ 17‎ A Whenyouuseouruniversitylibrariestherearedifferentlearningspacesavailable，soyoucandecidewhatisbestforyourpurpose.‎ Sociallearningareas Werecognizethatyoucanlearnfromyourfriendssowehaveprovidedsocialstudyareasinallourlibraries.Hereyoucandiscussyourstudieswithyourfriendswithoutworryingaboutdisturbingothersasareasonablelevelofnoiseisaccepted，thoughwedoaskthatyou'reconsiderateofotherstudentsandstaff.‎ Groupstudyrooms Therearebookable(可预订的) groupstudyroomsofvarioussizesinthelibraries.Theseroomsarewellequippedsothatyoucaneasilyworkingroupsorpracticepresentations.‎ ‎·Bookingsareavailabletogroupsof3ormorestudents.‎ ‎·Bookingscanbemadebyhour(amaximumof2hourspergroupperday).‎ ‎·Bookingscanbemadeforthecurrentweekandthefollowingweek.‎ ‎·Contactthelibrary'sHelpDesktobookaroominperson.Bookingsarerestrictedtostudentuseonly.‎ Silentstudyspaces Weknowthatonoccasionyoumayprefertostudyonyourown.Tohelpyouachievethiswehaveindividualquietorsilentstudyareas.‎ Inordertopreservethequietstudyenvironmentandavoiddisturbingotherstudents，discussionaboutyourcourseorexams，orusingmobilephonesisn'tpermittedanywhereintheseareas.‎ Food，drinkandphones Colddrinksandsnackscanbeconsumedinmostareasofthelibrariesthoughweaskthatyouhelpkeepthelearningenvironmentcleanandpleasantforeveryonebyclearingrubbishintothebinsprovided.‎ Mobilephonescanbeusedinthesociallearningareasandgroupstudyroomsbutnotinthesilentstudyspacesorthehallwaysorstairsthatleadtothoseareas.Weaskthatyouswitchyourphonetosilentmodewhenyoucomeinthelibrary.‎ 17‎ ‎(　　)16.Whatisthepurposeofsociallearningareasprovidedinthelibrary？‎ A.Togivesuggestionsonhowtocontactlibrarystaff.‎ B.Tohelpstudentslearntobeconsiderate.‎ C.Tokeepstudentsfreefromdisturbance.‎ D.Toenablestudentstolearnfromeachother.‎ ‎(　　)17.WhatisTRUEofbookingsofgroupstudyroomsinthelibrary？‎ A.Theycanonlybemadebyphone.‎ B.Theyareavailableonlytostudents.‎ C.Theycanbemadeseveralweeksahead.‎ D.Theyareavailabletogroupsofanysize.‎ ‎(　　)18.Whatshouldstudentspayattentiontowhenusingthelibrary？‎ A.Takingrubbishoutwhenleaving.‎ B.Avoidinghavingcolddrinksandsnacks.‎ C.Keepingtheirmobilephonessilentallthetime.‎ D.Usingmobilephonesonlyinthehallwaysorstairs.‎ ‎(　　)19.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage？‎ A.Introducingofficialrulesofauniversitylibrary.‎ B.Showinghowtomakeuseofauniversitylibrary.‎ C.Introducingauniversitylibrarytheauthorvisits.‎ D.Explainingwhyauniversitylibraryisagoodplaceforstudy.‎ ‎[语篇导读]‎ 文章介绍了图书馆的一些区域的用途，目的是告诉我们如何充分利用图书馆资源。‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎16.D。细节理解题。依据Sociallearningareas中的“learnfromyourfriends”“discussyourstudieswithyourfriends”可知，这个地方可以让学生之间相互学习和讨论，故选D项。‎ ‎17.B。细节理解题。根据Groupstudyrooms中的“Bookingsarerestrictedtostudentuseonly.”可知，房间预订仅限于学生，故选B项。‎ ‎18.C。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Weaskthatyouswitchyourphonetosilentmodewhenyoucomeinthelibrary.”可知，‎ 17‎ 在图书馆内手机要调成静音模式，故选C项。‎ ‎19.B。推理判断题。结合文章第一段中“soyoucandecidewhatisbestforyourpurpose”及文章主要的主旨内容可知，通过介绍大学图书馆一些区域的用途及注意事项，主要目的是告诉我们如何充分利用图书馆资源，故选B项。‎ B BluePlanetII'slatestepisode(情节) focusesonhowplasticishavingadestructiveeffectontheoceanandslowlypoisoningourseacreatures.ResearchersrecentlyalsofoundthatseacreatureslivinginthedeepestplaceonEarth，theMarianaTrench，haveplasticintheirstomachs.Indeed，oceansaredrowninginplastic.‎ Thoughitseemsthattheworldcouldn'tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics，plasticsarearemarkablyrecentinvention.Thefirstplasticbagswereintroducedinthe1950s，thesamedecadethatplasticpackagingbegangainingpopularityintheUnitedStates.Thisgrowthhashappenedsofastthatscienceisstillcatchingupwiththechange.Plasticspollutionresearch，forinstance，isstillaveryearlyscience.‎ Weputalltheseplasticsintotheenvironment，butwestilldon'treallyknowwhattheoutcomesaregoingtobe.Whatwedoknow，though，isdisturbing.Oceanplasticisestimatedtokillmillionsofmarineanimalseveryyear.Nearly700species，includingendangeredones，areknowntohavebeenaffectedbyit.Oneinthreeleatherbackturtles，whichoftenmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish，havebeenfoundwithplasticintheirbellies.Ninetypercentofseabirdsarenoweatingplasticsonaregularbasis.By2050，thatfigureisexpectedtoriseto100percent.‎ Andit'snotjustwildlifethatisthreatenedbytheplasticsinourseas.Humansareconsumingplasticsthroughtheseafoodweeat.Icouldunderstandwhysomepeopleseeoceanplasticasadisaster，worthmentioninginthesamebreathasclimatechange.Butoceanplasticisnotascomplicatedasclimatechange.Therearenooceantrashdeniers(否认者)，atleastsofar.Todosomethingaboutit，wedon'thavetoremakeourplanetenergysystem.‎ 17‎ Thisisnotaproblemwherewedon'tknowwhatthesolutionis.Weknowhowtopickupgarbage.Anyonecandoit.Weknowhowtodealwithit.Weknowhowtorecycle.Wecanallstartbythinkingtwicebeforeweusesingleuseplasticproducts.Thingsthatmayseemordinary，likeusingareusablebottleorareusablebag—whentakencollectively，thesechoicesreallydomakeadifference.‎ ‎(　　)20.Whyisplasticspollutionresearchstillaveryearlyscience？‎ A.Theplasticspollutionresearchistoodifficult.‎ B.Plasticshaveproducedlesspollutionthancoal.‎ C.Plasticshavegainedpopularitytoofastforsciencetocatchup.‎ D.Theworldcouldn'tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics.‎ ‎(　　)21.HowdidtheauthorsupporthisopinioninParagraph3？‎ A.Bycitingquotesfromleadingexperts.‎ B.Bymakingacomparisonandcontrast.‎ C.Bylistingexamplesfromhisownexperience.‎ D.Bypresentingsolidstatistics.‎ ‎(　　)22.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthelastparagraph？‎ A.Wereapwhatwesow.‎ B.Theshortestanswerisdoing.‎ C.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.‎ D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.‎ ‎(　　)23.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？‎ A.Theoceansbecomechokedwithplastic.‎ B.Oceanplasticisaglobalissue.‎ C.BluePlanetIIhasleftviewersheartbroken.‎ D.Plasticsgaininpopularityallovertheworld.‎ ‎[语篇导读]‎ 本文主要介绍了塑料给海洋以及海洋中的生物造成了灾难性的影响，同时，也对人类的身体造成了影响。但是，塑料是可以降解的废物，人类只要注意自己的行为，并对塑料做无害化处理，这一污染问题是可以解决的。‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ 17‎ ‎20.C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thefirstplasticbagswereintroducedinthe1950s…Plasticspollutionresearch，forinstance，isstillaveryearlyscience.”可知，第一批塑料袋出现于20世纪50年代，同一时期美国的塑料包装开始流行起来，这一发展是如此之快以至于科学仍在努力赶上这一变化，而对于塑料污染问题的研究仍然还是一门非常早期的科学。故C选项正确。‎ ‎21.D。推理判断题。根据本段信息可知，环境中的塑料每年杀死上百万只海洋动物，近700个物种，包括濒危物种在内受到了影响；三分之一的棱皮龟误食塑料，90%的海鸟在吃塑料，而到2050年，这一数额会达到100%。由此可知，作者通过列举具体的数据来说明塑料的危害。故D选项正确。‎ ‎22.B。意图推理判断题。根据最后一段我们可以知道作者是呼吁我们行动，所以B选项“Theshortestanswerisdoing”(最直接的答案就是行动起来)是对的。A选项翻译成“种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆”；C选项翻译成“万事开头难”；D选项翻译成“行动胜于言语”。‎ ‎23.A。主旨大意题。本文介绍了塑料自从被人类发明以来，给人类带来便利的同时，也在污染着环境，尤其是海洋，目前很多物种因塑料污染而受到威胁。故A选项正确。‎ 三、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ BeaGreenChild Whatdoesitmeantobegreen？“Green”ismorethanjustacolor.24.　　　　Whygreen？Plantsaregreen，andwithoutthemtheEarthwouldn'tbesuchalovelyhomeforushumanbeings.Whatcanwedo？Here'safourstepguidetobeinggreen.‎ ReduceIt！‎ ‎25.　　　　Forinstance，ashortershowermeansyouuselesswaterandlessfuelwhichyouusetoruntheheaterthatwarmsupthewater.‎ ReuseIt！‎ Sometimespeoplecallours“athrowawaysociety”.Itmeansthatwe'rewillingtothrowawayoldstuffandbuynewstuff.26.　　　　‎ 17‎ Forinstance，ifyourlittlebrotherbecomesolderandlosesinterestinhisplasticbasketballhoop(篮筐)，whynotgiveittoanotherfamilywhohasalittlekid？‎ RecycleIt！‎ Recyclinghasneverbeeneasier.Manycommunitieswillpickrubbishuprightinfrontofyourhouseandsometownsevenrequireit.Recycledgoodsaresenttoarecyclingcenter，wheretheycanbeturnedintonewcans，bottles，andpaper.‎ EnjoyIt！‎ It'struethatrubbishandpollutionareproblems，buttheEarthremainsahugeandbeautifulplacethat'sreadyforyoutoexplore.27.　　　　Goforahike，visitlocalnaturecentersandgardens，andclimbupmountains.Ifpossible，youcantravelaroundtheworldaswell.‎ Butbeforeyoutraveltheglobe，takealookatyourownbackyard.Isthereaspotwhereyoucouldplantatreeorputinalittlefruitorvegetablegarden？28.　　　　‎ A.Getoutthereandgetyourhandsdirty.‎ B.Turnoffthewaterwhenyou'rebrushingyourteeth.‎ C.Italsomeanstakingspecialstepstoprotecttheenvironment.‎ D.Whenyouuselessofsomething，youdoagoodthingfortheEarth.‎ E.Youcanwatchwithprideasyourtreetakesrootandyourgardenplantsgrow.‎ F.Youcanstartlocallybyvisitingthenaturallybeautifulspotsinyourcity.‎ G.Manytimes，evenifyounolongerneedsomething，someoneelsejustmight.‎ ‎[语篇导读]‎ 这是一篇说明文。这篇文章为如何成为环保儿童提出了几点建议。‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎24.C。根据空前的“Green”ismorethanjustacolor.可知，接下来应说green的另外一层含义——环保。C项(它还意味着采取特别的措施保护环境。)切题。C项中的it代指上文中的“Green”。故选C项。‎ ‎25.D。根据本段小标题Reduceit！(减少它！)和后文Forinstance，ashortershowermeansyouuselesswaterandlessfuelwhichyouusetoruntheheaterthatwarmsupthewater.(例如，较短的淋浴时间意味 17‎ 着你用更少的水和更少的被用来运行热水器的燃料。)可知本段与节约资源有关。D项(当你用更少的东西，你就对地球做了一件好事。)切题，故选D项。‎ ‎26.G。前文说“浪费型社会意味着我们愿意扔掉旧东西并购买新东西。”后文说“比如，如果你的弟弟长大了，对他的塑料篮筐失去兴趣，为什么不把它给另一个有小孩的家庭呢？”承上启下，G项(很多时候，即使你不再需要某样东西，别人也可能需要)切题，故选G。G项与后文的例子相呼应。‎ ‎27.F。根据上句中的buttheEarthremainsahugeandbeautifulplacethat'sreadyforyoutoexplore可知，垃圾和污染的确是问题，但地球仍然是一个巨大而美丽的地方，你可以去探索。承接上文，F项(你可以从当地的自然美景开始)切题，故选F。‎ ‎28.E。E项中的关键词yourtree，yourgardenplants与上文中的plantatree，vegetablegarden相呼应。故选E。‎ 四、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Themajorityofthepeoplemaketreehousesusingapileofwood，ahammer，andsomenails.MitchellJoachim，anarchitectfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology，hasa　29　vision(设想).He　30　adaywhenhomeswillbecreatedfromlivingtrees.‎ Joachim'svisionis　31　onanideacalledpleaching(编织)，wheretreebranchesaregrownsothatthey　32　weavetogether.Sincethegrowthpatternsoftreesare　33　bywindandsunlight，itmaybe　34　tocontrolthewayatreedevelops.‎ TheseFabricatedTreeHouseHabitatswouldusetreesgrownintoshapesashousing.Oneofthe　35　ofthesedesignsisthattreeswouldnothavetobecutdown　36　.‎ ‎“A100percenttreehousewould　37　yearstocreate，”Joachimsaid.　38　theclimate，ahousecouldtakeanywherefrom5to30yearstogrow.Fortunately，there'sawaytospeedupthe　39　. Joachim　40　includingecologicalmaterialssuchasgrassesandlivingbranchesinthehousingdesigns.“Thismaterialwouldbeabletomove　41　thehousegrows，”Joachimsaid.‎ 17‎ Ahomewouldbecomeanactualecosystem，acommunityofplants，animals，andbacteriaworkingtogether.Thetreeswouldalsogiveoffwatervapor(蒸气) thatwouldassistin　42　thehomes.Solarpanelsandwindwouldhelpprovide　43　. Thetreehomesmightevenhavesoilpockets，whereplantscould　44　inthestructureitself.‎ Workhasalready　45　onJoachim'sfirstdesign—ahousemadefrom50percentrecycledand50percentlivingthings.Joachimisconfidentaboutthe　46　ofhiswork，asheuses　47　productswithoutdestroyingnature.‎ ‎“Theenvironmentanditsstudyareveryimportant.Weneedto　48　nature，anddon'ttakeitforgranted，”hesaid.‎ ‎(　　)29.A.similarB.terrible C.strangeD.different ‎(　　)30.A.picturesB.remembers C.recallsD.operates ‎(　　)31.A.focusedB.fixed C.basedD.impressed ‎(　　)32.A.luckilyB.naturally C.partlyD.separately ‎(　　)33.A.damagedB.affected C.allowedD.intended ‎(　　)34.A.possibleB.horrible C.hopelessD.necessary ‎(　　)35.A.reasonsB.influence C.goalsD.advantages ‎(　　)36.A.greedilyB.illegally C.accidentallyD.carelessly ‎(　　)37.A.wasteB.spend C.payD.take ‎(　　)38.A.DependingonB.Suppliedwith C.FacedwithD.Insistingon ‎(　　)39.A.processB.technology 17‎ C.priceD.climate ‎(　　)40.A.approvesB.forbids C.suggestsD.admits ‎(　　)41.A.forB.as C.soD.unless ‎(　　)42.A.cleaningB.heating C.coolingD.lighting ‎(　　)43.A.fuelB.energy C.beautyD.climate ‎(　　)44.A.growB.appear C.comeD.survive ‎(　　)45.A.stoppedB.completed C.controlledD.begun ‎(　　)46.A.pleasureB.credit C.debateD.importance ‎(　　)47.A.practicalB.natural C.personalD.common ‎(　　)48.A.ignoreB.overcome C.respectD.consume ‎[语篇导读]‎ 这是一篇说明文。随着人们环保意识的增强，保护大自然、爱护大自然已经成为人们的共识。最近美国建筑家设计了一种更环保的建筑方式，让树自然长成一座房子。‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎29.D。考查形容词词义辨析。A.similar相似的；B.terrible可怕的；C.strange奇怪的；D.different不同的。由下文内容可知，Joachim的设想与上面提到的不同。故选D。‎ ‎30.A。考查动词词义辨析。A.pictures设想；B.remembers记住；C.recalls回忆；D.operates操作。根据语境可知，他设想这座房子是由活生生的树建成的。picture“设想”。故选A。‎ ‎31.C。考查动词词义辨析。A.focused集中；B.fixed修理；C.based 17‎ 以……为基础；D.impressed给……极深的印象。Joachim的设想建立在将树枝编织在一起这种想法上。bebasedon“建立在……的基础上”。故选C。‎ ‎32.B。考查副词词义辨析。A.luckily幸运地；B.naturally自然地；C.partly部分地；D.separately分别地。由上文的“pleaching(编织)”和常识可知，树枝在成长的过程中会自然地编织在一起。故选B。‎ ‎33.B。考查动词词义辨析。A.damaged破坏；B.affected影响；C.allowed允许；D.intended打算。由语境和常识可知，树木的生长受风和阳光的影响。故选B。‎ ‎34.A。考查形容词词义辨析。A.possible可能的；B.horrible糟糕的；C.hopeless没有希望的；D.necessary必要的。由语境可知，此处指控制树木生长的方式或许是有可能的。故选A。‎ ‎35.D。考查名词词义辨析。A.reasons理由；B.influence影响；C.goals目标；D.advantages优势。这些设计的优点之一是树木将不用被非法砍伐。故选D。‎ ‎36.B。考查副词词义辨析。A.greedily贪婪地；B.illegally非法地；C.accidentally偶然地；D.carelessly粗心地。树木不用被非法砍伐。故选B。‎ ‎37.D。考查动词词义辨析。A.waste浪费；B.spend度过；C.pay付费；D.take带走；花费。一座百分百的活树房子要很多年才能形成。表示花费时间做某事且主语为物，应用take。故选D。‎ ‎38.A。考查动词短语辨析。A.Dependingon取决于；B.Suppliedwith以……供给；C.Facedwith面对；D.Insistingon坚持。取决于气候条件，树木需要5到30年的时间才能长成一座房子。anywherefrom...to...“在……与……之间”。故选A。‎ ‎39.A。考查名词词义辨析。A.process过程；B.technology技术；C.price价格；D.climate气候。由句中的副词Fortunately可知，此处表示有办法加快房子形成的进程。process“(自然)变化过程”。故选A。‎ ‎40.C。考查动词词义辨析。A.approves批准；B.forbids禁止；C.suggests建议；D.admits承认。Joachim建议在房屋设计中包含生态材料。故选C。‎ ‎41.B。考查连词词义辨析。A.for因为；B.as因为；随着；C.so因此；D.unless除非。随着房屋的生长，这些材料能够移动。as“随着”，引导时间状语从句。故选B。‎ ‎42.C。考查动词词义辨析。A.cleaning清理；B.heating加热；C.cooling冷却；D.lighting照亮。由上文中的“树木可以释放出水蒸气”可得出此处表示使房子凉爽。故选C。‎ ‎43.B。考查名词词义辨析。A.fuel燃料；B.energy能量；C.beauty 17‎ 美丽；D.climate气候。太阳能电池板和风给房子提供能源(energy)。故选B。‎ ‎44.A。考查动词词义辨析。A.grow生长；B.appear出现；C.come来；D.survive幸存。植物能在土壤袋里生长。故选A。‎ ‎45.D。考查动词词义辨析。A.stopped停止；B.completed完成；C.controlled控制；D.begun开始。由上下文可知，此项工程已经开始。故选D。‎ ‎46.D。考查名词词义辨析。A.pleasure快乐；B.credit信用；C.debate辩论；D.importance重要性。由下文Joachim所说的“Theenvironmentanditsstudyareveryimportant.”可知，此处表示他确信他工作的重要性。故选D。‎ ‎47.B。考查形容词词义辨析。A.practical实际的；B.natural自然的；C.personal私人的；D.common共同的。由后面的“withoutdestroyingnature”可知，他使用的是不破坏自然的天然(natural)产品。故选B。‎ ‎48.C。考查动词词义辨析。A.ignore忽略；B.overcome克服；C.respect尊重；D.consume消耗。我们需要尊重大自然，不能把它当成理所当然的。故选C。‎ 五、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Withthedevelopmentofindustry，airpollutionisgettingmoreandmoreserious.InShanghai，manypeoplesufferfromdifferentkindsofillnessesbecause49.　　　　　　airpollution.‎ Airpollutionis50.　　　　　　(main) causedbythefollowingreasons.Abouthalfoftheproblemiscausedbyvehicles.Therearemoreandmorecarsandbusesontheroad，51.　　　　　　giveoff52.　　　　　　(poison) gases.35%ofairpollutioniscausedbyfactories.53.　　　　　　factorissmoking.54.　　　　　　(smoke) doesharmtoothers'healthaswellasto55.　　　　　　ofthesmokers.Besides，about10%ofairpollutioniscausedbyotherreasons.Weshouldtakesomemeasurestofightagainstpollution.Newfuelcanbeusedtotake56.　　　　　　placeofgas.Wecanplantmoretrees，grassandflowers.Allinall，ifeverybodyrealizesthe57.　　　　　　(important) ofenvironmentanddoessomethingtostoppollution，theproblem58.　　　　　　(solve).‎ ‎[语篇导读]‎ 17‎ 本文谈论的是关于空气污染。如果每个人都意识到环境的重要性并且做一些事情阻止污染，这个问题将被解决。‎ ‎[答案与解析]‎ ‎49.of。考查介词。airpollution是名词，所以because后面要加介词of。句意：因为空气的污染，许多人患有各种疾病。故填of。‎ ‎50.mainly。考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词。句意：空气的污染主要是由下面的原因引起的。故填mainly。‎ ‎51.which。考查定语从句。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，carsandbuses是先行词，指物，定语从句缺少主语，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句。句意：路上有越来越多的汽车和公共汽车，释放有毒的气体。故填which。‎ ‎52.poisonous。考查形容词。gases是名词，所以用形容词修饰。句意：路上有越来越多的汽车和公共汽车，释放有毒的气体。故填poisonous。‎ ‎53.Another。考查限定词。上一句说道：百分之35的空气污染是由工厂引起的。所以下面说：另一个因素是吸烟。可知此处填Another，注意大写开头。故填Another。‎ ‎54.Smoking。考查名词。根据句中缺少主语，故用名词形式作主语。句意：吸烟既有害于别人的健康也有害于自己的健康。故填Smoking。‎ ‎55.that。考查代词。health是不可数名词，ofthesmokers是后置定语，所以用that替代health。句意：吸烟既有害于别人的健康也有害于自己的健康。故填that。‎ ‎56.the。考查短语。短语taketheplaceof顶替、代替。句意：新燃料能被用来代替汽油。故填the。‎ ‎57.importance。考查名词。the放在名词前面，“环境的重要性”，important是形容词，应用它的名词形式importance。句意：如果每个人都意识到环境的重要性。故填importance。‎ ‎58.willbesolved。考查时态和语态。problem和solve之间是被动关系，根据前面句意“如果每个人都意识到环境的重要性并且做一些事情阻止污染”可知此处表示将来，因此这里应用一般将来时态的被动语态。主将从现。句意：问题将会被解决。故填willbesolved。‎ 六、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ 17‎ ItwasChristmasDay.Pappywasworkingalonefixinganoldlanterninthebackroomwhenheheardtheringingofhisbellontheshopdoor.Thebell，whichproducedauniquelypleasantsound，hadbeeninPappy'sfamilyforoverahundredyears.Hevalueditdearlyandenjoyedsharingitssongwithallwhocametohisshop.Althoughthebellhungontheinsideofthemaindoor，Pappyhadtiedawiretothescreendoorsothatitwouldringwhethertheinnerdoorwasopenornot.Hearingthebell，heleftthebackroomtogreethiscustomer.‎ ‎“AndhowcanIhelpyou，littlelady？”Pappy'svoicewasjoyful.‎ ‎“Hello，sir.”Thelittlegirlspokealmostinawhisper.ShelookedatPappywithherbigbrowneyes，andthenslowlyscannedtheroominsearchofsomethingspecial.Shylyshetoldhim，“I'dliketobuyapresent，sir.”‎ ‎“Well，let'ssee，”Pappysaid，“whoisthispresentfor？”‎ ‎“Mygrandpa.It'sformygrandpa.ButIdon'tknowwhattoget.”‎ Pappybegantomakesuggestions.“Howaboutapocketwatch？It'singoodcondition.”Thelittlegirldidn'tanswer.Shehadwalkedtothedoorwayandputhersmallhandonthedoor.Sheshookthedoorgentlytoringthebell.Pappy'sfaceseemedtoglowashesawhersmilingwithexcitement.‎ ‎“Thisisjustright，”thelittlegirlsaid.“Mommasaysgrandpalovesmusic.”‎ Justthen，Pappy'sexpressionchanged.Fearfulofbreakingthelittlegirl'sheart，hetoldher，“I'msorry，Missy.That'snotforsale.Maybeyourgrandpawouldlikethislittleradio.”‎ Thegirllookedattheradio，bowedherhead，andsadlysighed，“No，Idon'tthinkso.”‎ Inanefforttohelpherunderstand，Pappytoldherthatthebellhadbeenhisonlycompanion，fortherestofhisfamilywereallgonenow，exceptforhisestranged(疏远的) daughterwhomhehadnotseenfornearlyadecade.‎ Paragraph1：‎ Withagianttearinhereye，thelittlegirllookedupathim.______________________________________________‎ 17‎ ‎__________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph2：‎ LaterthateveningwhenPappywasclosinguptheshop，heheardafamiliarringing.________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[参考范文]‎ Paragraph1：‎ Withagianttearinhereye，thelittlegirllookedupathim.Shemanagedaforcedsmile，murmuring“Thankyou，anyway”andturnedtowardthedoorway.SuddenlyPappythoughtofhisestrangeddaughter.Feelingalumpinhisthroat，Pappycalledout，“Howmuchhaveyougottospend，Missy？”Atthis，thelittlegirlemptiedherpurseontothecounter—twodollars.Afteraquickstruggleinhismind，Pappysaid，“TodayisChristmasDayandthisisyourluckyday.Thebellcostsexactlytwodollars.”Holdingthespecialbellclosetoherchest，thechilddancedout.‎ Paragraph2：‎ LaterthateveningwhenPappywasclosinguptheshop，heheardafamiliarringing.Hecouldn'tbelievehisears！Thereinthedoorwaystoodthelittlegirl，ringingthebellandsmilingsweetly.Puzzled，Pappyapproachedher.“Haveyouchangedyourmind，littlelady？”“No，”thechildgrinned，“Mommasaysthepresentisforyou.”BeforePappyhadtimetosayanotherword，thechild'smothersteppedin.Holdingbackhertears，shegentlysaid，“Hello，Dad.”‎ 17‎ 17‎