【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解（历史文化类）原创试题训练学案之二

【英语】2020届二轮复习阅读理解（历史文化类）原创试题训练学案之二

‎2020届 二轮复习 阅读理解（历史文化类）原创试题训练学案之二 ‎1、For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.‎ ‎"It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers," says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.‎ Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.‎ ‎"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, ‎ Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hil.‎ For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. "The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers," she says. "China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."‎ ‎1.What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?‎ A. It promoted the sales of artworks. B. It attracted a large number of visitors.‎ C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes. D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.‎ ‎2.What does Hill say about Chinese women?‎ A. They are setting the fashion. B. They start many fashion campaigns.‎ C. They admire super models. D. They do business all over the world.‎ ‎3.What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?‎ A. learning from B. looking down on ‎ C. working with D. competing against ‎4.What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World ‎ B.A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York ‎ C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics ‎ ‎ D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends ‎2、Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. Once called the Garden of Amsterdam, it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness. For Dutch people, Hilversum is all about textile(纺织) and media industries, and modern architecture.‎ In history, Hilversum was largely an agricultural area. Daily life was marked by farming, sheep raising and wool production. A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum. They build themselves large villas(别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town. One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers, currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands. They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum. But the textile boom lasted only several decades. The last factory closed in the 1960s.‎ The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the Nederlandse Seintoestedllen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hiversum. Most radio stations settlled in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town. Television gave another push to the local economy. Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands, and Dutch televison stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.‎ In the early 1900s, modern architcts W.M. Dudok and J. Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum. These modern architectural masterpieces(杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum. Dudok alone shaped most of 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique characteristics. His maeterpiece: Hilversum Town Hall, was built in 1928-1931. It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks. The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”. Actually, one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the W.M. Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.‎ ‎1.Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that ______.‎ A.it has a large population B.it is cut off from big cities C.it has many beautiful gardens D.it is in a hilly area with sandy soil ‎2.What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum?‎ A. Building a railway link to Amsterdam. B.Helping its textile industry to develop.‎ C. Constructing large villas for the poor. D.Assisting its agricultural industry.‎ ‎3.The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of ______.‎ A.a radio factory B.the medial capital C.a radio station D.a TV station ‎4.What is known about W.M. Dudok’s Hilversum Town Hall?‎ A.It consists of approximately 75 buildings.‎ B.It looks like an open air museum in the city.‎ C.It is a classic example in architecture textbooks.‎ D.It has shaped most of 20th century Hilversum.‎ ‎3、 The University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university to announce that it will accept the "Gaokao" exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join its. undergraduate courses in 2019.  High school students who complete the "National Higher Education Entrance Examination", or Gaokao, with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingham degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman.‎ ‎    Gaokao is usually taken by students in their last year of senior high school and, every year, each province in China sets the grades required to gain admission to its universities. It is usually held across China in early June.  Students are tested in Chinese, Mathematics, a Foreign Language and social sciences or natural sciences.‎ ‎    University of Birmingham Vice-Chancellor Professor Sir David Eastwood said: "The University of Birmingham has been challenging and developing great minds for more than a century. We welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form an integral part of our education and research community. We are further opening access to Birmingham's wealth of education opportunities for the brightest and most dedicated Chinese students by accepting this strict and important qualification. I look forward to welcoming these high-flying students to the University of Birmingham. "‎ ‎    Gaokao is increasingly accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe. Birmingham will only be considering high quality students who achieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language requirements.‎ ‎    Professor J on Frampton, Director of the University of Birmingham's China Institute said:"The University of Birmingham has a long history of educating students from China and one of our most famous graduates is Li Siguang-the founding father of Chinese geology. I am delighted that ‎ the University is now accepting the Gaokao. This gives the brightest and best Chinese students an opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programmes and experience the benefits of studying at a global Top 100 university, such as Birmingham. "‎ ‎1.What do Chinese students have to do to enter the University of Birmingham before 2019? A.Go through a foundation year. B.Prepare Birmingham degree programmes. C.Acquire the right to permanent residency. D.Score over 800% of the university's qualification examination. 2.Who is the announcement intended for? A.The foreign students in China. B.All people living in the UK. C.The students of the UK. D.Chinese students. 3.Which of the following best explains "integral" underlined in paragraph 3? A.Complete. B.Necessary. C.Indifferent. D.Unimportant. 4.What does the text mainly talk ‎ about? A.The introduction to the "Gaokao" of China. B.The history of the University of Birmingham. C.The high quality students accepted by top universities. D.The University of Birmingham's admission to Gaokao.‎ ‎4、How did the ancient Chinese keep food warm in winter? ‎ Facilities like electric rice cookers, microwaves, and electric kettles, make it easy for people to keep food warm and enjoy a comfortable winter. So how did Chinese people in ancient times keep food warm in winter without these? In fact, ancient Chinese people used their own methods of heat preservation as early as the Shang and Zhou dynasties.‎ ‎● “Wen Ding”, ancient rice cooker ‎ One of the major functions of an electric rice cooker is to keep food warm. The “Wen Ding”, an ancient cooking container, served the same purpose, but instead of using electric energy, the ancient cooking container preserved heat by burning fuels like charcoal. The “Wen Ding” unearthed in Nanjing in 1989 is thought to be the oldest of its kind discovered in China, dating back to the Stone Age, The craftsmanship of making the “Wen Ding” was developed in the Bronze Age. The bronze Ding from Shang and Zhou dynasties took on different shapes and structures.‎ ‎● “Ran LU”, ancient small hot pot The “Ran LU” is a small size cooking vessel (器皿)made of bronze, which can be divided into three parts. A charcoal stove forms the main structure, with a bottom tray to hold charcoal ashes, and a movable cup at the top. Some experts have concluded that the vessel’s structure suggests it may have been used as a small hot pot and that these vessels became popular in the Warring States Period(475—221 BC)‎ ‎●Bronze You, ancient kettle ‎ The Bronze You was one of the most common wine containers during the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The Bronze You can also be used to warm wine. For example, the Bronze You with beast mask design, unearthed in Jiangxi province, has an opening where charcoals could be placed. Just as people today can’t do without an electric kettle, the Bronze You allowed people to enjoy a hot drink.‎ ‎●Bronze Yan, ancient steamer ‎ Although the “Wen Ding” was effective at keeping food warm, the ancient Chinese people later found that its burning produced pollution. As a result, the Bronze Yan was made with a two-tier structure and used to steam rice and other grains. After the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 25-AD 220), further improvements to the Bronze Yan led to the modern-day steamer.‎ ‎1.When did the “Ran LU” become popular?‎ A.In the Zhou Dynasty B.In the Warring ‎ States Period C.In the Eastern Han dynasty D.In the Stone Age ‎2.The Bronze You, unearthed in Jiangxi province, has an opening to______.‎ A.store wine B.pour water C.place charcoals D.hold charcoal ashes ‎3.What is the unique advantage of the Bronze Yan?‎ A.It is warm B.It is convenient C.It is environment-friendly D.It is useful ‎4.Among the following products, which one may have the longest history?‎ A.The “Wen Ding”. B.The “Ran LU”. C.The Bronze You D.The Bronze Yan ‎5、Each time Chinese New Year is approaching, preparations are underway around the world. Here are some Chinatowns for those outside of China wishing to mark the day.‎ London Although it may not be as large or as long-built as others, having only become a center for the Chinese community during the 1950s, London’s Chinatown is a perfectly formed little firework that knows how to see in the year with a bang. Decorated with red lanterns (灯笼),‎ ‎ previous years have seen shows with acrobatics (杂技), martial arts (武术), dance and opera nearby.‎ San Francisco San Francisco’s Chinatown is perhaps the most famous in the United States. The city was the main entry-point for Chinese who had crossed the Pacific to the USA during the early 19th century. Between the Grant Avenue and the Stockton Street, this historic area is a local treasure, attracting more visitors per year than the Golden Gate Bridge.‎ Bangkok With an about 100-year-old history, the Thai capital’s Chinatown contains complex streets offering all kinds of tasty treats, clothes, toys and antiques. Sunday market days are such a good time to get the full atmosphere of the neighborhood. The area is also known for its gold dealers, whose shops line the road.‎ Mauritius Found in Port Louis, this Mauritian Chinatown shows the island nation’s rich multicultural diversity. Established in the early years of the 20th century by settlers from China, its tiny shops and restaurants serve locals and visitors. During the Chinese Spring Festival, the most exciting sight is the Dragon Dances on Rue Royale when Chinese musicians and dancers perform the traditional Lion dances through the streets.‎ ‎1.According to the text, which of the following has the longest history?‎ A.London’s Chinatown. B.SanFrancisco’s Chinatown.‎ C.Mauritius's Chinatown. D.Bangkok's Chinatown.‎ ‎2.What’s special about Bangkok’s Chinatown?‎ A.It is crowded with Chinese restaurants. B.It is the major entrance for the Chinese.‎ C.It is well-known for its gold business. D.It is where you can enjoy fireworks.‎ ‎3.If you want to enjoy the Dragon Dances, you can go to ______.‎ A.Rue Royale in Port Louis, Mauritius. B.the Sunday market in Bangkok.‎ C.the Grant Avenue in San Francisco. D.the Chinese community in London.‎ ‎6、More and more people in America are celebrating the Indian holiday Diwali. Diwali is Hindi for“row of lights". It is the most important holiday in India.‎ Many people around the world are beginning to celebrate it as well. The United States is one of the places where the festival is becoming more common. Diwali celebrations can now be found at American landmarks like Disneyland in California and New York City's Times Square. They are also held in many parks and museums.‎ Neeta Bhasin created the Times Square event. She said Indian ‎ immigrants have found great success in America. But, she said, many Americans still do not know much about India.So, she decided to act.“I felt it's about time that we should take India to mainstream America and show India's rich culture, heritage, arts and variety to the world," she said, “and I couldn't find a better place than Times Square.”‎ Bhasin came to the United States from India 40 years ago. She is president of ASB Communications, the marketing firm behind Diwali at Times Square. Tens of thousands of people attend the event, now in its fourth year.‎ In India, Diwali is a five-day harvest festival held just before the Hindu New Year. The exact dates change from year to year but Diwali is always in the fall. Celebrations include lighting oil lamps or candles called “diyas".‎ A Diwali celebration will light up Disney California Adventure Park in Anaheim this year.Visitors can watch performances of traditional Indian dances and take part in a Bollywood dance party. The event is part of a Festival of Holidays program at the theme park to show cultural traditions from around the world. The program takes place on November 10th through January 7th.‎ San Antonio, Texas, also holds a Diwali celebration. And it is one of the nation's largest celebrations, with more than 15 ,000 people in attendance each year. Visitors can enjoy Indian dance，food and fireworks.‎ ‎ Organizers also plan to float hundreds of lighted candles in the San Antonio River, along the city's famous River Walk.‎ ‎1. Which is the main symbol in the Indian holiday Diwali?‎ A. Dances. B. Lamps. C. Food. D. Clothes.‎ ‎2. Why did Neeta Bhasin set up the Times Square event?‎ A. To make the American culture richer.  ‎ B. To create a new business for the firm.‎ C. To make Indian culture better known in the US. ‎ D. To show the achievements of Indian immigrants.‎ ‎3. What do we know about Diwali?‎ A. It is held in autumn in India. ‎ B. It lasts five days in America.‎ C. It has been held for 40 years in America.‎ D. It happens from November 10th to January 7th in India. ‎ ‎4. What is the main idea of the text? ‎ A. Diwali is mainly celebrated in Disney Parks. ‎ B. Many American cities compete to hold Diwali.‎ C. Indian Holiday Diwali lights up America, too.‎ D. Diwali has become the most important holiday in India.‎ ‎7、    Whenever we talk about holidays, my mother teases my sister and me about how we “make out like robbers.” She is referring to the fact that we are half Jewish and half Indian, so we receive gifts on both the ‎ festivals of lights: Hanukkah and Diwali. Though my mother teases us, I do not mind getting two sets of gifts!‎ ‎    Hanukkah is celebrated on the 25th day Of the Jewish month, which is usually sometime in December. On Hanukkah, like most Jewish families, we light a menorah and say a prayer each night. We also say a special prayer on the first night. After that, it is a tradition for my sister and me to do ‘hot and cold’ for our hidden Hanukkah gifts. When we walk towards the gift, our parents say ‘hot’ and when we walk further away, they say ‘cold’. We each receive one present every night of Hanukkah. Another part I like about this holiday is seeing family members who we do not see often. My aunt usually stays for a few days, and we sometimes visit other relatives.‎ ‎    Diwali is celebrated on the 13th day of the dark fortnight of the month of Ashwin (October / November). To celebrate Diwali, my family does a pooja, or prayers, in honor of the goddess Lakshmi. Since she is the goddess of wealth and prosperity, the pooja includes washing silver coins in milk and water. InIndia, people decorate their houses with lamps, similar to the way you might light up your house for Christmas. My family just places a few candles outside. We also set off firecrackers, which is my favorite part. We often do this activity with friends to add to the excitement.‎ ‎    Both holidays have different histories and stories. We celebrate theta in different ways, yet they both have the same meaning. They both translate into Festival of Lights. and they both mean family and presents for me!‎ ‎1.Why does the author receive gifts on both Hanukkah and Diwali? A.Because he lives in a rich family. B.Because he lives in two different countries. C.Because his Parents like celebrating their different cultures. D.Because his Parents like spending money buying gifts for them. 2.What does the Underlined phrase “hot and cold” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.A kind of Hanukkah’ game. B.A kind of Hanukkah gift. C.A can of festival drink. D.A riddle written on lights. 3.We can learn from the text that Hanukkah and Diwali_________. A.share the same history and culture B.are celebrated by both Jews and Indians C.are both related to the legend of lights D.encourage the families to do their prayers 4.What is the author’s attitude towards Hanukkah and Diwali? A.She enjoys celebrating both of them. B.She does mind spending ‎ them. C.She likes Hanukkah better. D.She likes Diwali better.‎ ‎8、Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world.‎ Westerners’ understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸,拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps,back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016.‎ As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs.‎ Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the ‎ chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs.‎ Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou’s winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China’s TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time.‎ ‎1.Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A.Because he was injured in his swimming. B.Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C.Because westerners know a little about TCM. D.Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. 2.Why don’t some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A.Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B.Because they only approve the practice of ‎ acupuncture. C.Because Western medicine is more effective. D.Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. 3.Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A.The methods of planting herbs. B.The effectiveness of prescription. C.Lacking in standardization. D.Its stable functions. 4.The lack of creativity in TCM refers to the fact that. A.medicine-making companies lack creativity B.prescriptions are got from the past C.Western companies are more experienced D.medicine-making companies lack driving force ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.D; 4.D 解析： 1.细节理解题。答案定位在第三段"The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese ‎ influences."(此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录,显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。)由此可知,纽约的展览吸引了许多参观者,故选B。 2.细节理解题。答案定位在第四段"Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion-they are central to its movement"(中国模特是向全世界女性推销梦想的美和时尚活动的代言人,这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。)由此可知,Hill说中国女性开创了新时尚,故选A。 3.词义猜测题。下文"and beating them hands down in design and sales"说并在设计和销售上击败他们。由此推断出上文"Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Mare Jacobs"的意思是Vera Wang、Alexander Wang和Jason Wu正在与Galliano、Albaz和 Mare Jacobs竞争。taking on意思是“竞争”,故选D。 4.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段"china and its culture have long been an inspiration for western creations".以及最后一段"If you talk about fashion today , you are talking about China - its influences , its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways."(如果你今天谈论时尚,你谈论的是中国——它的影响,它的方向,它令人惊叹的服装,以及年轻的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。),结合全文内容,可知这篇文章最恰当的题目是“中国文化助力国际时尚潮流”,故选D。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.A; 4.C 解析：1.本文为说明文,题材是文化风俗类。Hilversum是荷兰一个中等大小的城市,与其他荷兰城市不同,它拥有自己的特色,它的纺织行业、媒体行业和建筑行业非常闻名。 细节理解题根据第一段中的"Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand."可以看出,Hilversum 与荷兰其他城市不同,它位于丘陵区域,这个区域的土壤中含沙较多。 2.细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句"They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum."可知,这一家人到这里来有助于Hilversum发展纺织业。 3.细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知,该地在1920年开始转向媒体经济,当时NSF在这里建立了一家无线电厂,故 A项正确。 4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks."可以得知,这座建筑世界闻名,被纳人了很多建筑教材中,由此可推断出C项正确,在很多建筑教材中,这座建筑都被视为典范。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.B; 4.D 解析：1.细节理解题。第一段倒数第一句“with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingham degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman.”可知在伯明翰大学承认高考成绩之前,中国学生需要进行一年的预科学习之后才能进入专业课程学习。故选A。 2.推理判断题。第一段第一句“The University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university to announce that it will accept the "Gaokao" exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join its. undergraduate courses in 2019.”可知伯明翰大学的通告主要针对中国学生发布的。故选D。 3.词义猜测题。根据第三段划线部分句子“We welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form an integral part of our education and research community.”句意:我们欢迎来自世界各地的人们来伯明翰学习,中国学生是我们教育和研究领域不可或缺的一部分。可知integral意思为“不可或缺的”,故选B。 4.主旨大意题。本文介绍了世界一流大学——英国伯明翰大学从2019年起开始承认中国高考成绩,为更多的中国高水平学生提供更多到世界名校深造的机会。即伯明翰大学对高考成绩的承认,故选D。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.C; 4.A 解析：‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.A 解析：‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.A; 4.C 解析： ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.D; 4.A 解析：‎ ‎ ‎ ‎8答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.C; 4.B 解析：‎ ‎ ‎