2018-2019学年安徽省安庆市第一中学高二上学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

2018-2019学年安徽省安庆市第一中学高二上学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

绝密★启用前 安徽省安庆市第一中学2018-2019学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 评卷人 得分 一、阅读理解 Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.‎ AVOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost £169.15 at Booking.com. A week later, the same room cost £l18.15.‎ If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid-or you’re looking for a big event to pass your time—check out sites such as Whatsonwhen.com, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category.‎ STAY AWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.‎ Don’t be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge’s Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was £95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was £75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just £62.95.‎ GET ON A BIKE London’s ‘Boris bikes’ have attracted the most attention but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs.‎ Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around £1.50 for two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or £5 per day).‎ ‎1．The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may .‎ A．help travelers pass time B．attract lots of travelers to the UK C．allow travelers to make flexible plans D．cause travelers to pay more for accommodation ‎2．“Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably .‎ A．the tube line to Covent Garden B．an ideal holiday destination C．a hotel away from the train station D．the name of a travel agency ‎3．The main purpose of the passage is .‎ A．to offer visitors some money-saving tips B．to tell visitors how to book in advance C．to supply visitors with hotel information D．to show visitors the importance of self-help ‎【答案】‎ ‎1． D ‎ ‎2． C ‎ ‎3． A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章作者对于去欧洲旅行的游客，给出了一些省钱的建议。‎ ‎1．细节理解题。答案定位在AVOID BIG EVENTS部分 Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room.（大型体育赛事、音乐会和展览会增加住宿成本，让人更难找到房间。）故选D。‎ ‎2．推理判断题。答案定位在STAY AWAY FROM THE STATION部分可知，后面用几个较便宜的旅馆来举例说明黑体部分，即一家离火车站很远的旅馆，故选C。‎ ‎3．细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.可知这篇文章的主要目的是给游客一些省钱的建议，故选A。‎ As health care costs continue to rise, a growing number of companies are working out programs designed to keep their employees healthy.‎ Thomas Chapple is the senior vice president. “It’s really important to us because medical costs are going up like crazy, he says. This company spends more than 200 million a year on medical costs for its employees around the country. The best thing we have seen as a way to control the medical cost is individual fitness.”‎ We have a fitness center, “Shawn Flaherty, director of public relations for Freddie Mac.,” says, “We have a health benefits plan that encourages people to work out three times a week,‎ ‎ get cholesterol (胆固醇) checks, as well as ‘not to smoke.’ If they do that, it will cost them less for the health benefits.”‎ Rachelle Clark works for Freddie Mac. “I feel great. You know the benefit is rewarding. I like to look good and feel healthy. I am just fortunate that I work for the company that provides some type of facility for the employees.”‎ While on-site fitness centers are popular, some companies pay membership fees at local gyms for employees. The companies also offer classes such as boxing, yoga and dancing. Employees see those health programs as a valuable benefit.‎ Tom Brook exercises five days a week. As a newspaper reporter he has a tight schedule, although Tom says it’s not that difficult for him to make time for a workout. “It is great. It is right here where we work,” says Tom, “So everybody gets a chance to use it whenever they want to. I have lost weight and never been in better shape.”‎ The programs may not be a magic cure for rising health costs, but they seem to have a positive impact on both employers and employees.‎ ‎4．What’s the best way to cut the medical cost according to Shawn Flaherty?‎ A．To reduce the number of employees around the country.‎ B．To encourage the employees to work out to keep fit.‎ C．To set up fitness centers of their own.‎ D．To pay membership fees at local gyms for the employees.‎ ‎5．Why does the writer cite (引用) what Rachelle Clark and Tom Brook say?‎ A．To explain how to use the fitness centers.‎ B．To show how effective physical exercise is.‎ C．To show the employees welcome the health programs.‎ D．To persuade more employers to set up health centers.‎ ‎6．Which of the following best expresses the meaning of the underlined part?‎ A．The programs may not solve the health costs problem completely.‎ B．The programs may keep the health costs rising.‎ C．The programs may not cost a large amount of money.‎ D．The programs may cure all kinds of patients like magic.‎ ‎7．What is the text mainly about?‎ A．How difficult it is to reduce health care costs B．Why and how companies encourage their employees to keep fit.‎ C．. What causes the health care costs to rise year by year.‎ D．How people keep healthy by doing exercise in their working places.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎4． B ‎ ‎5． C ‎ ‎6． A ‎ ‎7． B ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一些公司鼓励员工保持健康的原因以及方法。‎ ‎4．细节理解题。答案定位在第三段We have a health benefits plan that encourages people to work out three times a week, get cholesterol (胆固醇) checks, as well as ‘not to smoke.’ If they do that, it will cost them less for the health benefits. 可知，根据Shawn Flaherty的说法，削减医疗费用的最好方法是鼓励员工锻炼身体以保持健康，故选B。‎ ‎5．推理判断题。答案定位在第四段“I feel great. You know the benefit is rewarding. I like to look good and feel healthy. I am just fortunate that I work for the company that provides some type of facility for the employees.”（“我感觉很好。你知道好处是值得的。我喜欢看起来很好，感觉很健康。我很幸运，我在一家为员工提供某种设施的公司工作。”）和第六段Tom says it’s not that difficult for him to make time for a workout. “It is great. It is right here where we work,” says Tom. “So everybody gets a chance to use it whenever they want to. I have lost weight and never been in better shape.”（汤姆说对他来说抽出时间锻炼并不难。“这是伟大的。就在我们工作的地方，”汤姆说，“所以每个人都有机会随时使用它。我的体重减轻了，而且从来没有像现在这样好。”）由此推知，作者引用了Rachelle Clark and Tom Brook的话是为了表明员工们欢迎健康计划，故选C。‎ ‎6．词义猜测题。答案定位在最后一段The programs may not be a magic cure for rising health costs, but they seem to have a positive impact on both employers and employees. （这些项目可能不是治疗不断上升的医疗费用的灵丹妙药，但它们似乎对雇主和雇员都有积极的影响。）由此推知划线词的意思是“这些项目可能无法完全解决医疗费用问题”，故选A。‎ ‎7．主旨大意题。根据第一段As health care costs continue to rise, a growing number of companies are working out programs designed to keep their employees healthy. 和最后一段 The programs may not be a magic cure for rising health costs, but they seem to have a positive impact on both employers and employees. 可知本文主要讲的是“公司鼓励员工保持健康的原因以及方法”，故选B。‎ As I enter my 40s, I’ve noticed many of my parents’ generation think social networking is something they are simply unable to understand. They fear that, should they try, they will somehow get it wrong; they will say the wrong thing, do the wrong thing or behave in a way that causes embarrassment. But there are some secrets of social media for them to consider.‎ Here’s the first secret: everyone feels this way. I recently met a young actor who was complaining that her work demands that she join Microblog, but she always feels like she doesn’t have anything smart to say. It’s the same resistance (抵制). I hear from the older generation, who, however, have somehow believed that age is the barrier (障碍), rather than the differences of personal taste.‎ Here’s the second secret: everybody uses it for more or less the same reasons. Older generations often sign up to stay in touch with children and relatives. We talk about this kind of communication like it’s some old-fashioned activity, but it is exactly why younger people use social media. The truth is that most people use social media to gently keep an eye on one another, to see how those they care about are doing without needing to ring them up on the phone every night.‎ And this is the last secret: everyone gets to use them in their own way. Newcomers—younger and older—who worry about “getting it right” are thinking that there’s a right way to get them. But actually there isn’t. Personally, I talk a lot on Microblog. And some people post nothing and they use social media every day as readers. Social media companies would rather see people decorating their networks with pictures and posts, but there’s no rule against being a fly on the wall. It’s also a fine way to get involved.‎ Were quick to forget that the web wasn’t invented by 13-year-olds; it was created by today’s seniors. I’d never try forcing those with no interest in social networks to use Microblog. But don’t let the talk of age divides put you off. There’s nothing to stop the older generation from joining in the network their own generation created.‎ ‎8．What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage?‎ A．To share with us his personal experience using social media.‎ B．To explain why the old generation don’t use social media.‎ C．To free the old generation from fearing using social media.‎ D．To tell us a few secrets of social media that he discovered.‎ ‎9．The expression “a fly on the wall” in the 4th paragraph refers to .‎ A．people who prefer reading online books B．people who cause trouble to others C．people who post many fancy pictures D．people who simply observe others’ posts ‎10．According to the author, which is a reason for old people’s fear using social media?‎ A．They believe they may be trapped in embarrassing situations.‎ B．They have no particular interest in social networking.‎ C．They prefer staying in touch with relatives in real life.‎ D．They have no idea which contents to post online.‎ ‎11．Which of the following may best describe the structure of this passage?‎ A． B．‎ C． D．‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎8． C ‎ ‎9． D ‎ ‎10． A ‎ ‎11． A ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了作者发现老一辈人都不爱使用社交网络，其中有许多原因。作者认为，社交网络不应该以年龄区分，没有什么可以阻止老一辈重新认识下一代创造的网络科技。‎ ‎8．推理判断题。根据第一段I’ve noticed many of my parents’ generation think social networking is something they are simply unable to understand.（我注意到，我父母那一代人中的许多人认为，社交网络是他们根本无法理解的东西。）以及最后一段But don’t let the talk of age divides put you off.（但是，不要让你的年龄把你关闭。）由此可推测出，作者写这篇文章目的是为了缓解老一代害怕使用社交媒体这一现象，故选C。‎ ‎9．推理判断题。答案定位在第四段And some people post nothing and they use social media every day as readers. Social media companies would rather see people decorating their networks with pictures and posts, but there’s no rule against being a fly on the wall. 可知，有些人只在社交网络浏览别人的帖子，但是自己从来不发帖。虽然社交网络的运营者们也希望人们多发帖，但是也不反对不发帖的行为，故可以推断a fly on the wall指代的就是本句中提到的只读贴而不发帖的人，故选D。‎ ‎10．细节理解题。答案定位在第一段They fear that, should they try, they will somehow get it wrong; they will say the wrong thing, do the wrong thing or behave in a way that causes embarrassment.（他们害怕，如果他们尝试，他们会以某种方式出错；他们会说错话，做错事或做出让人尴尬的行为。）由此可知作者认为，老年人害怕使用社交媒体的原因是他们认为自己可能会陷入尴尬的境地，故选A。‎ ‎11．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，开篇提出现象，后三段对这种现象进行了更加详细的阐述，结尾作者表达自己的观点进行总结，可见文章采用了总—分—总的结构，故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题1，根据第一段I’ve noticed many of my parents’ generation think social networking is something they are simply unable to understand.（我注意到，我父母那一代人中的许多人认为，社交网络是他们根本无法理解的东西。）以及最后一段But don’t let the talk of age divides put you off.（但是，不要让你的年龄把你关闭。）由此可推测出，作者写这篇文章目的是为了缓解老一代害怕使用社交媒体这一现象，故选C。‎ Babies teach their older brothers and sisters empathy (移情), according to a new research. Empathy means understanding and entering others’ feelings. Until now, younger kids have generally been regarded to learn plenty from their older brothers or sisters but don’t give back much. But this study, published in Child Development, confirms that younger siblings (兄弟姐妹) ensure their big brothers and sisters don’t grow into disgusting people—no easy task.‎ ‎“Although it’s assumed that older siblings and parents are the primary socializing influences on younger siblings’ development but not vice versa, we found that both younger ‎ and older siblings positively contributed to each other’s empathy over time,” study co-author Marc Jambon said in a statement. Prior sibling studies have focused on the influence of older brothers and sisters, probably because their impact is most obvious. As one review of literature notes, studies have shown that older siblings influence everything from their younger siblings’ motor development to their risk of smoking later in life. And although separated studies have tried to pin down effects that younger siblings have on their older siblings, the influence of baby brothers and sisters remains unclear.‎ For this new study, Jambon and his colleagues recruited (招募) a diverse group of 452 Canadian sibling pairs between the ages of 18 months and four years. At the start of the study, individual researchers assessed children’s baseline empathy levels by visiting the kids at home and then pretending to hurt themselves or break a valuable item. Eighteen months later, they found small but significant increases in empathy.‎ One unexpected exception—older sisters did not appear to experience increased empathy after 18 months living with their little brothers, specifically. The researchers aren’t sure why this exception appeared, and they recommend that future studies dive into more complex phenomena.‎ ‎12．What has been found in the new research?‎ A．Young kids could show more sympathy for others.‎ B．Young siblings know more about empathy than the older.‎ C．Younger kids can learn a lot from their older brothers or sisters.‎ D．Younger siblings could contribute to their older ones’ empathy.‎ ‎13．What does Mare Jambon say about kids’ empathy development?‎ A．Siblings influence each other in a positive way.‎ B．Parents play a more important role than teachers.‎ C．older siblings have far more obvious influences.‎ D．Younger siblings make much smaller contribution.‎ ‎14．What does the underlined words “pin down” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Assess. B．Limit.‎ C．Confirm. D．Reduce.‎ ‎15．What can we infer about the research from the last paragraph?‎ A．It offers no exceptions.‎ B．It appears to be under control.‎ C．It needs to be carried out further D．It is recognized to be scientific ‎【答案】‎ ‎12． D ‎ ‎13． A ‎ ‎14． C ‎ ‎15． C ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了根据一项最新的研究，婴儿教他们的哥哥和姐姐有同情心，能移情。一直以来小的孩子通常被认为从他们的哥哥或姐姐那里学到很多东西，新的研究发现，兄弟姐妹在一起以积极的方式互相影响。同时，研究中还有很多问题要进一步深入研究才能确定。‎ ‎12．细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Babies teach their older brothers and sisters empathy (移情), according to a new research. Empathy means understanding and entering others’ feelings. 根据一项新的研究，婴儿教他们的哥哥姐姐有同情心（移情）。移情意味着理解他人和他人的感情。分析选项可知D项（年轻的兄弟姐妹会有助于他们的哥哥姐姐能移情，有同情心）符合题意，故选D。‎ ‎13．细节理解题。答案定位在第二段we found that both younger and older siblings positively contributed to each other’s empathy over time（我们发现，随着时间的推移，弟弟妹妹和姐姐都对彼此的同理心做出了积极的贡献）。分析选项可知A项（兄弟姐妹以积极的方式互相影响）符合题意，故选A。‎ ‎14．猜测词义题。答案定位在倒数第三段And although separated studies have tried to pin down effects that younger siblings have on their older siblings, the influence of baby brothers and sisters remains unclear.婴儿兄弟姐妹的影响仍然不清楚，可知试图知道或确定他们之间的影响的情况，但却无法确定这种影响。分析选项（A. Assess评估；B. Limit限制；C. Confirm确认，证实； D. Reduce减少）可知C项符合题意，故选C。‎ ‎15．推理判断题。最后一段内容“一个意想不到的例外就是姐姐们在和弟弟们在一起生活18个月后，并没有有更多的移情。研究人员不知道为什么会出现这种异常现象，他们建议将来的研究要深入到更复杂的现象”。由此可推断出，有些东西还没有确定，所以需要进一步的研究。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。‎ 评卷人 得分 二、七选五 Have you ever imagined the benefits that a good memory can bring to you? 16． Here are four ways to improve your memory.‎ ‎17． There is evidence that sleep plays a vital role in the consolidation of memories relating to learning motor skills, such as learning to play a musical instrument or ride a bike. Having a full night’s sleep soon after gaining a new skill helps consolidate the processes involved, so they can later be performed well.‎ It’s rewarding to continue education. Older people are often told to adopt a “use it or lose it” approach to maintaining cognitive (认知的) function. 18． In a 2016 study, US researchers found participants aged 60-90 who spent 15 hours a week for three months learning a complex skill, such as digital photography, saw significant improvements in memory tests.‎ Taking a break counts. 19． More than a century ago, German scientists showed that people performed almost twice as well in memory tests if they took breaks.‎ It’s useful to stay social. Having an active social life delays memory loss as we age, US scientists who asked people in their 50s and 60s to do memory tests every other year between 2001 and 2007 found the decline in recall abilities of their most sociable subjects to be half that of the least well connected. 20．‎ A．Sleeping well helps strengthen memories.‎ B．Old people should participate in easy activities C．Yoga, meditation or other relaxation techniques may help.‎ D．Memories can be destroyed if the brain doesn’t have enough rests to sharpen them.‎ E. In fact, when it comes to memory, research suggests that only certain types of mental activities help.‎ F. Being able to remember important pieces of information can give you a powerful advantage in your life.‎ G. Having good friends, volunteering for charities and other forms of social engagement also protect memory.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎16． F ‎ ‎17． A ‎ ‎18． E ‎ ‎19． D ‎ ‎20． G ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了改善记忆力的四种方法。‎ ‎16．上文Have you ever imagined the benefits that a good memory can bring to you?说你有没有想过好记性能给你带来的好处?下文 Here are four ways to improve your memory.说这里有四种方法可以提高你的记忆力。该空承上启下，F选项“记住重要的信息可以给你的生活带来强大的优势。”切题，故选F。‎ ‎17．There is evidence that sleep plays a vital role in the consolidation of memories relating to learning motor skills, such as learning to play a musical instrument or ride a bike. Having a full night’s sleep soon after gaining a new skill helps consolidate the processes involved, so they can later be performed well.（有证据表明，睡眠在巩固与学习运动技能相关的记忆方面起着至关重要的作用，比如学习演奏乐器或骑自行车。在掌握一项新技能后，尽快睡个好觉有助于巩固所涉及的过程，以便以后能更好地执行。）由此可知这一段主要讲了睡个好觉有助于增强记忆力，故选A。‎ ‎18．上文Older people are often told to adopt a “use it or lose it” approach to maintaining cognitive (认知的) function. 说老年人经常被告知要采取“要么使用它，要么失去它”的方法来维持认知功能。下文 In a 2016 study, US researchers found participants aged 60-90 who spent 15 hours a week for three months learning a complex skill, such as digital photography, saw significant improvements in memory tests.说在2016年的一项研究中，美国研究人员发现，年龄在60至90岁之间、连续三个月每周花15小时学习一项复杂技能(如数码摄影)的参与者在记忆力测试中取得了显著进步。该空承上启下，E选项“事实上，研究表明，在记忆力方面，只有特定类型的精神活动才有帮助。”切题，故选E。‎ ‎19．上文Taking a break counts. 说休息一下很重要。下文 More than a century ago, German scientists showed that people performed almost twice as well in memory tests if they took breaks.说一个多世纪以前，德国科学家发现，如果人们休息一下，他们在记忆力测试中的表现几乎是现在的两倍。该空承上启下，D选项“如果大脑没有足够的休息来锐化记忆，记忆就会被破坏。”切题，故选D。‎ ‎20．这一段标题It’s useful to stay social.（保持社交很有用。）该空与标题相呼应，G选项“拥有好朋友、为慈善机构当志愿者以及其他形式的社交活动也能保护记忆力。”切题，故选G。‎ 评卷人 得分 三、完形填空 Danielle was living in a new city with no local bank of her own. She desperately needed to 21 a bank to cash her paycheck. For more than two weeks, she made 22 one after another but in vain. How could she continue to 23 herself and her two children as a single mother?‎ Taking a break from her 24 , Danielle decided to attend a meeting at the local women’s resource center. The women there had been a strong source of encouragement since she fled her home 25 for her safety. Sitting next to Danielle, Amy began to share the details of her 26 situation. She was just days away from 27 her home and her car. Her phone and electric services were both scheduled to be 28 . Her husband had gambled away their money. She had nothing left. Nothing!‎ As Amy described the degree of the situation, Danielle 29 God’s soft whisper in her heart: “After the meeting, give Amy twenty dollars.” Danielle immediately thought, “But I can’t lonely have forty dollars.” She heard the 30 again. Danielle knew she needed to follow. When the meeting 31 , she reached in to her purse and 32 handed twenty dollars to Amy. Knowing Danielle’s situation, Amy was 33 to accept it at first. But as a crowd of women 34 to give Amy hugs of support, Danielle told her that God wanted her to have it. Then Danielle left.‎ Now with just twenty dollars left in her wallet, Danielle decided to 35 cashing her pay check at just one more bank before heading home. 36 she expected the rejection she had received at so many other banks, she was 37 filled with renewed confidence and optimism. Hopefully, she walked in to the bank next to the women’s center. Moments later, the bank 38 her pay check with no questions asked. Wearing a big smile, Danielle returned home.‎ As for Danielle, it has been three years since that day. Realizing true hope has no 39 , she continues to be 40 for the life time supply that she received for just twenty dollars.‎ ‎21．A．select B．consult C．find D．search ‎22．A．decisions B．attempts C．choices D．appointments ‎23．A．encourage B．believe C．comfort D．support ‎24．A．struggles B．ambitions C．failures D．experiences ‎25．A．in debt B．in fear C．in public D．in doubt ‎26．A．desperate B．similar C．unique D．social ‎27．A．ruining B．leaving C．missing D．losing ‎28．A．reduced B．abolished C．cancelled D．changed ‎29．A．received B．found C．heard D．felt ‎30．A．story B．advice C．order D．voice ‎31．A．concluded B．followed C．lasted D．agreed ‎32．A．politely B．quietly C．happily D．sadly ‎33．A．unlikely B．eager C．unwilling D．embarrassed ‎34．A．intended B．approached C．managed D．continued ‎35．A．avoid B．consider C．risk D．try ‎36．A．While B．If C．But D．Since ‎37．A．anyhow B．somehow C．therefore D．otherwise ‎38．A．counted B．checked C．tested D．cashed ‎39．A．cost B．cause C．price D．purpose ‎40．A．ready B．thankful C．welcome D．fortunate ‎【答案】‎ ‎21． C ‎ ‎22． B ‎ ‎23． D ‎ ‎24． A ‎ ‎25． B ‎ ‎26． A ‎ ‎27． D ‎ ‎28． C ‎ ‎29． C ‎ ‎30． D ‎ ‎31． A ‎ ‎32． B ‎ ‎33． C ‎ ‎34． B ‎ ‎35． D ‎ ‎36． A ‎ ‎37． B ‎ ‎38． D ‎ ‎39． C ‎ ‎40． B ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文阅读。这篇文章主要讲述了Danielle的一段生活困难的经历。Danielle需要找到一家银行取钱，她一家一家的尝试，但都是白费力气。尽管Danielle自己生活窘迫，但她把自己身上钱的一半给了更加贫困的Amy。然后，Danielle又去尝试一家银行，结果成功取到了钱。尽管真正的希望是没有价格的，但是Danielle仍旧感激那只有20美元的生活经历．‎ ‎21．考查动词辨析。根据上句with no local bank of her own.可知她需要找一家银行取钱。A. select挑选；B. consult商量；C. find找到；D. search搜索，故选C。‎ ‎22．考查名词辨析。根据本句的but in vain可知她一家一家的尝试，但都是白费力气。A. decisions决定；B. attempts尝试；C. choices选择；D. appointments约定，故选B。‎ ‎23．考查动词辨析。根据本句的herself and her two children as a single mother可知作为单身母亲，她不知怎样养活她自己和两个孩子。A. encourage鼓励；B. believe相信；C. comfort安慰； D. support支持，故选D。‎ ‎24．考查名词辨析。根据上句可知她的生活很难，所以本句Taking a break from her 表示"从挣扎，困苦的生活中获得片刻的喘息"。A. struggles挣扎；B. ambitions野心；C. failures失败；D. experiences经历，故选A。‎ ‎25．考查介词短语辨析。根据本句的The women there had been a strong source of encouragement 可知她获得了勇气，不再害怕生活的困苦。A. in debt欠债；B. in fear害怕；C. in public当众；D. in doubt怀疑，故选B。‎ ‎26．考查形容词辨析。根据后文She was just days away from ___7___ her home and her car. Her phone and electric services were both scheduled to be ___8___. Her husband had ‎ gambled away their money. 可知这里表示的是这个女人一无所有的令人绝望的处境。A. desperate令人绝望的；B. similar相似的；C. unique独特的；D. social社会的，故选A。‎ ‎27．考查动词辨析。根据后文的She had nothing left. Nothing! 可知她失去了她的家和车。A. ruining毁灭；B. leaving离开；C. missing错过；D. losing失去，故选D。‎ ‎28．考查动词辨析。根据后文的She had nothing left．Nothing可知本句表示她的电话和供电服务因欠费而被取消。A. reduced减少；B. abolished废除；C. cancelled取消；D. changed改变，故选C。‎ ‎29．考查动词辨析。根据宾语God’s soft whisper in her heart可知动词用heard表示"听到上帝的声音"。A. received收到；B. found找到；C. heard听到；D. felt感觉到，故选C。‎ ‎30．考查名词辨析。根据上文的God's soft whisper in her heart可知本句表示"她又听到了这个声音"，表示人说话的声音用voice。A. story故事；B. advice建议；C. order命令；D. voice声音，故选D。‎ ‎31．考查动词辨析。根据上文的After the meeting，give Amy twenty dollar可知本句表示"当会议结束的时候"。A. concluded结束；B. followed跟着；C. lasted持续；D. agreed同意，故选A。‎ ‎32．考查副词辨析。Danielle给Amy钱的时候没有说话。A. politely有礼貌地；B. quietly安静地； C. happily快乐地；D. sadly悲哀地，故选B。‎ ‎33．考查形容词辨析。根据Knowing Danielle's situation可知Amy知道Danielle的境况也不好，所以不愿意接受Danielle的钱。A. unlikely不太可能；B. eager渴望的；C. unwilling不愿意的；D. embarrassed尴尬的，故选C。‎ ‎34．考查动词辨析。根据to give Amy hugs of support可知本句表示"当其他女人靠近给Amy拥抱的时候"。A. intended打算；B. approached接近；C. managed管理；D. continued继续，故选B。‎ ‎35．考查动词辨析。根据cashing her paycheck at just one more bank before heading home可知Danielle又去一家银行尝试。A. avoid避免；B. consider考虑；C. risk冒险；D. try尝试，故选D。‎ ‎36．考查连词辨析。根据she expected the rejection she had received at so many other banks（她预料自己会被拒绝），she was ___17___ filled with renewed confidence and optimism.（她重新充满了信心和勇气）的含义可知两句之间是让步关系。A. While虽然；B. If如果；C. But但是； D. Since自…以来，故选A。‎ ‎37．考查副词辨析。句意：尽管她预料到自己在其他许多银行都会遭到拒绝，但不知何故，她重新充满了信心和乐观。A. anyhow总之；B. somehow不知何故；C. therefore 因此； D. otherwise否则，故选B。‎ ‎38．考查动词辨析。根据She desperately needed to ___1___ a bank to cash her paycheck.可知她想要取现金。A. counted数；B. checked检查；C. tested测验；D. cashed支付现款，故选D。‎ ‎39．考查名词辨析。根据上文可知她在又尝试了一次的时候，取到了钱，所以本句表示"真正的希望是没有价格的，但是她仍旧感激那只有20美元的生活经历"。A. cost花费；B. cause引起；C. price价格；D. purpose目的，故选C。‎ ‎40．考查形容词辨析。句意：意识到真正的希望是无价的，她继续感谢她只花了20美元就得到了生命的补给。A. ready准备好；B. thankful感谢的；C. welcome受欢迎的；D. fortunate幸运的，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题1根据上句with no local bank of her own.可知她需要找一家银行取钱。A. select挑选；B. consult商量；C. find找到；D. search搜索，故选C。小题10根据上文的God's soft whisper in her heart可知本句表示"她又听到了这个声音"，表示人说话的声音用voice。A. story故事；B. advice建议；C. order命令；D. voice声音，故选D。‎ 第II卷（非选择题)‎ 请点击修改第II卷的文字说明 评卷人 得分 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ If a little humanlike robot begged you not to shut it off, would you show sympathy?‎ In an experiment 41． (intend) to find out how people treat robots when they act like humans, many participants struggled to power down a begging robot named Nao. 42． experiment was conducted by researchers in Germany, whose findings 43． (publish) in the scientific journal PLOSOne.‎ Nao, 44． was designed to beg about half of the participants not to switch it off but not the other half, was used 45． (measure) if his begging affected how people reacted.‎ In one previous experiment, researchers found that people preferred communicating with robots with complementary (互补的) personality characteristics to 46． (they) own. And since robots can exhibit social characteristics either 47． (speak) with human voices or taking the shape of a human body, the research suggests that people tend to react “48． (especial) social to them.”‎ The researchers said a possible 49． (explain) for their results was that people regarded Nao’s begging 50． “a sign of making its own decision.”‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎41． intended ‎ ‎42． The ‎ ‎43． were published ‎ ‎44． which ‎ ‎45． to measure ‎ ‎46． their ‎ ‎47． speaking ‎ ‎48． especially ‎ ‎49． explanation ‎ ‎50． as ‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇科普文章。如果一个人形机器人请求你不要关掉它，你会表示同情吗?文章介绍了被称作Nao的乞讨机器人。‎ ‎41．考查过去分词。句意：在一项旨在了解人们如何对待机器人的实验中，许多参与者都在努力切断一个名叫“机器人”的乞讨机器人的电源。此处experiment 和intend之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故答案为intended。‎ ‎42．考查定冠词the。句意：这项实验是由德国的研究人员进行的，他们的研究结果发表在科学杂志PLOSOne上。此处特指上文提到的实验，故答案为The。‎ ‎43．考查被动语态。句意：这项实验是由德国的研究人员进行的，他们的研究结果发表在科学杂志PLOSOne上。此处findings 是定语从句的主语，复数形式，和publish之间是被动关系，结合句意这里应该是一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为were published。‎ ‎44．考查定语从句。句意：Nao被设计要求大约一半的参与者不要关掉它但不是另一半，他被用来测量是否他的乞求影响了人们的反应。此处Nao是先行词，指物，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，故答案为which。‎ ‎45．考查固定结构。句意：Nao被设计要求大约一半的参与者不要关掉它但不是另一半，他被用来测量是否他的乞求影响了人们的反应。be used to do sth.被用来做某事，故答案为to measure。‎ ‎46．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在之前的一项实验中，研究人员发现，人们更喜欢与与自己性格互补的机器人交流。此处own“自己的”，是形容词，后面省略了名词，前面用形容词性的物主代词，故答案为their。‎ ‎47．考查现在分词。句意：由于机器人既可以用人类的声音说话，也可以表现出人类的身体形状，因此研究表明，人们倾向于“对它们做出社交反应”。此处是现在分词作后置定语，故答案为speaking。‎ ‎48．考查副词。句意：由于机器人既可以用人类的声音说话，也可以表现出人类的身体形状，因此研究表明，人们尤其倾向于“对它们做出社交反应”。此处是副词修饰动词，故答案为especially。‎ ‎49．考查名词。句意：研究人员说，他们的研究结果的一个可能解释是，人们认为Nao的乞讨行为是“自己做出决定的一个信号”。此处是形容词修饰名词，故答案为explanation。‎ ‎50．考查固定搭配。句意：研究人员说，他们的研究结果的一个可能解释是，人们认为Nao的乞讨行为是“自己做出决定的一个信号”。regard---as---“把---当作---”，故答案为as。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第4小题中，先行词为名词Nao，指物，再分析先行词Nao在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词Nao带到从句中可知，只能作主语，且是非限制性定语从句，故确定关系词为which。‎ 评卷人 得分 五、短文改错 ‎51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ The problem of “white pollution” was caused by using plastic is becoming increasingly serious, on which plastic shopping bags play an important role. In China, about three billions plastic shopping bags are consumed every day, that results in a great waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution. Lucky, the government has put a nationwide ban on the use of free plastic bags, demand that no stores or supermarkets should provide customers with free plastic bags. The rule will undoubtedly reduce use of plastic bags or promote the awareness of environmental protection. It was highly suggested that everyone turns to cloth bags and shopping baskets.‎ ‎【答案】1. 第一行was删除 ‎ ‎2. 第二行on改成in ‎ ‎3. 第二行 billions 改成 billion ‎ ‎4.第三行that改成which ‎ ‎5. 第四脅Lucky改成Luckily ‎ ‎6. 第五行 demand 改成 demanding ‎7. 第六行reduce后加the ‎ ‎8. 第六行or改成and ‎ ‎9. 第七行was改成is ‎ ‎10. 第七行turns改成turn ‎【解析】‎ 本文主要讲了塑料袋造成的“白色污染”问题变得越来越严重，中国政府采取了塑料袋收费这一规定，有效地减少了塑料袋的使用，提升了人们的环境保护意识。‎ 考查非谓语动词。“问题”和“造成”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，所以第一行was删除。‎ 考查介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句。in which plastic shopping bags play an important role.是一个介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句，介词和谓语动词构成固定搭配，play an important role in在……起着重要作用，是固定短语，所以第二行on改成in。‎ 考查固定用法。前面有具体的数词three修饰，billion不能加s，所以第二行 billions 改成 billion。‎ 考查非限制性定语从句。which results in a great waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution.作定语，修饰整个主句内容，且有逗号隔开，所以which results in a great waste of resources and heavy environmental pollution.是一个非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，用which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以第三行that改成which。‎ 考查副词。位于句首，修饰整个主句内容，且有逗号隔开，所以用副词，第四行Lucky改成Luckily。‎ 考查非谓语动词。demand与其逻辑主语the government之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，第五行 demand 改成 demanding。‎ 考查冠词。特指“塑料袋的使用”，所以用定冠词the，第六行reduce后加the。‎ 考查连词。这条规定毫无疑问减少了塑料袋的使用，并且提升了人们的环境保护意识。并列关系，用and，所以第六行or改成and。‎ 考查时态。表示主语现在的状态，用一般现在时，所以第七行was改成is。‎ 考查虚拟语气。It is+ suggested +主语从句中，主语从句要用should + 动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气，所以第七行turns改成turn。‎ 名师点睛：这道题目中，小题2最难。考查介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句。一、“介词＋关系代词”的用法：当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”。例如：Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office?‎ 使用“介词＋关系代词”要注意以下几点：‎ ‎(一)选用介词的依据：‎ ‎(1) 根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。例如：‎ Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.‎ ‎(2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。例如：‎ The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.‎ ‎(3) 根据句子的意思来选择。例如：‎ The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside.‎ ‎(4) 表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。例如：‎ I have about 20 books, half of which were written by Bing Xin, the famous writer.‎ ‎(二)在定语从句中，含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如look after, look for等。例如：‎ The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正)‎ The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误)‎ ‎(三)“of which / whom”有时可以用“whose＋名词”结构来改写。例如：‎ The building whose roof was damaged in the earthquake has been repaired.‎ ‎＝The building of which the roof was damaged in the earthquake has been repaired.‎ ‎(四)当先行词为way并且定语从句中缺少状语时，通常用in which或that引导定语从句(in which或that可省略)；如果定语从句中不缺少状语，则用关系代词引导(that 或which 可省略)。例如：‎ All of us disliked the way(in which / that)Tom settled the maths problem.‎ 二、“介词＋关系代词”与关系副词的转化 ‎(1)当先行词表示地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用关系副词where引导，此时也可选用表示地点的介词＋which来代替关系副词where。例如：‎ I visited the village where many children couldn’t go to school because of poverty.‎ ‎＝I visited the village in which many children couldn’t go to school because of poverty.‎ ‎(2) 当先行词表示时间，定语从句中缺少时间状语时，通常用关系副词when引导，此时也可选用表示时间的介词＋which来代替关系副词when。例如：‎ We’d better fix a date when we will practice speaking English next week.‎ ‎＝We’d better fix a date on which we will practice speaking English next week.‎ ‎(3) 当先行词为reason，定语从句中缺少表示原因状语时，通常用关系副词why引导，此时也可以用for which来代替关系副词why。例如：‎ Can you tell me the reason why you were late for school?‎ ‎＝Can you tell me the reason for which you were late for school?‎ 评卷人 得分 六、提纲类作文 ‎52．假定你是李华，在春节来临之际你准备给你的外国朋友Tom邮寄一副春联，请根据以下内容给他写一封信。‎ 写作要点：‎ ‎1. 邮寄春联的原因。‎ ‎2. 介绍春联所寓含的中国传统文化。‎ ‎（1）春联可以用来装饰门户，以求美观。‎ ‎（2）春联是春节的象征，能增添节日的喜庆气氛，代表一年中最美好的祝愿和好运。‎ ‎3.你的期待。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右。‎ ‎2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎3.文章的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：春联spring festival couplets Dear Tom,‎ How are you getting along these days I miss you very much.‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Tom,‎ How are you getting along these days? I miss you very much. As you know, the Chinese ‎ traditional festival called the Spring Festival is approaching. I know you are interested in Chinese traditional culture. So I present you with the Spring Festival couplets.‎ Decorations are an important feature of the celebrations for the Chinese New Year and one of the main forms is the Spring Festival couplets, on which we can write some Chinese characters in terms of long life, wealth and etc. Painted mainly red, they are usually pasted in special places such as the kitchen or on the doors in the hope of keeping good luck. Not only can the couplets make our house more beautiful but also they have become a symbol of the Spring Festival.‎ Wish you have affection for the gift I gave you!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 考查应用文中的书信写作。‎ ‎【详解】‎ 题目要求假定你是李华，在春节来临之际你准备给你的外国朋友Tom邮寄一副春联，请根据以下内容给他写一封信。写作要点：1. 邮寄春联的原因。2. 介绍春联所寓含的中国传统文化。（1）春联可以用来装饰门户，以求美观。（2）春联是春节的象征，能增添节日的喜庆气氛，代表一年中最美好的祝愿和好运。3.你的期待。分析可知，应该以第一人称为主，一般现在时进行写作。要点已经给出，要求考生根据提纲自己发挥拓展，考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 这篇书信类短文的关键在于要点的拓展，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。I know you are interested in Chinese traditional culture.宾语从句的运用；Decorations are an important feature of the celebrations for the Chinese New Year and one of the main forms is the Spring Festival couplets, on which we can write some Chinese characters in terms of long life, wealth and etc.定语从句的运用。‎