【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题推理判断之推测型10篇训练之二（23页word版答案含有解析）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题推理判断之推测型10篇训练之二（23页word版答案含有解析）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题推理判断之推测型10篇训练之二 ‎[一]‎ In an ideal world，people would not test medicines on animals. Such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals，and expensive and timeconsuming for people. Yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge vast gaps in medical knowledge. That is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year.‎ Europe，on the whole，has the world’s most restrictive laws on animal experiments. Even so，its scientists use some 12 million animals a year，most of them mice and rats，for medical research. Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year. But that is misleading. The American authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and，as these are the most common laboratory animals，the true figure is much higher. Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than America.‎ Now Europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs. Alternatives to animal testing，such as using human tissue or computer models，are now strongly recommended. In addition，sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use. At present，scientists often share only the results of successful experiments.I f their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested，the work never sees the light of day. This practice means wasting time，money，and animals’ lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.‎ Animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives. It needs to continue，even if that means animals ‎ sometimes suffer. Europe’s new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducted.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　用动物进行试验被人们的舆论推向了风口浪尖，然而，受诸多因素的影响，终止动物试验的道路依然任重而道远。尽管欧洲有严格的法律限制，但是仍然需要另找突破口。‎ ‎1．What is the main idea of this passage?‎ A．The success of animal experiments should be ensured.‎ B．A ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforced.‎ C．Greater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals.‎ D．Scientists should be required to share their research results with each other.‎ 解析　主旨大意题。文章第一段指出用动物进行试验难以杜绝的原因，第二段提到欧洲对动物试验的法律限制的效果并不理想，第三段讲了欧洲为限制动物试验所作的努力，最后一段提到欧洲的新措施应该既要减少用于试验的动物的数量，又要改善科学研究的方法，所以C项最能概括文章大意。‎ 答案　C ‎2．Which of the following statements is true about animals used in the lab?‎ A．America uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year.‎ B．Europe does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all.‎ C．Britain does not use as many lab animals as China does.‎ D．Japan has limited data on the number of lab animals used each year.‎ 解析　正误判断题。第二段的最后一句提到日本和中国与美国的数据相比甚至更不全面，由此可推知日本对每年用于实验室动物的数据记录有限。 ‎ 答案　D ‎3．Which of the following is mentionad as an alternative to replace animal experiments?‎ A．Statistical studies.‎ B．Computer models.‎ C．DNA planted in animals.‎ D．Tissue from dead animals.‎ 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的内容可知可用“人体组织”和“电脑模型”来取代动物试验。‎ 答案　B ‎4．What usually happens to unsuccessful animal experiments?‎ A．They are not revealed to the public.‎ B．They are made into teaching materials.‎ C．They are collected for future publication.‎ D．They are not removed from the research topic list.‎ 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的倒数第二、第三句可知，科学家们只分享成功的试验，如果结果与假设不符，所做的工作将永不公开。由此可推断不成功的试验不会展示给公众。‎ 答案　A ‎[二]‎ What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball？That question motivated a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players，and some anxiety among those of us with soccerplaying children.‎ For the study，researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults，men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed yearround in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year，as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions (脑震荡) in the past.‎ Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned，using a complicated new MRI technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can’t be seen during most scans.‎ According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month，the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory，attention and the processing of visual information，compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.‎ This pattern of white matter loss is “similar to those seen in traumatic (外伤的) brain injury”，like that after a serious concussion，the researchers reported，even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a concussion.‎ The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them，forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.‎ 语篇解读：　研究表明，经常用头顶球会对大脑的内部构造造成严重影响，进而影响人的记忆力、注意力以及对视觉信息的处理能力。 ‎ ‎1．The passage is most probably a________.‎ A．news report 　　 B．research report C．story for soccer players　　 D．text for doctors 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段开头部分中的内容可推知，本文是一篇研究报告。‎ 答案　B ‎2．From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have________.‎ A．significant effect on one’s brain B．little effect on one’s brain C．nothing to do with the brain injury D．one’s memory improved 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains”可推知，频繁地用头顶球对大脑有显著的影响。‎ 答案　A ‎3．What is likely to be the cause of memory loss?‎ A．Playing soccer frequently.‎ B．Tests of their memory.‎ C．White matter loss.‎ D．Information processing.‎ 解析　细节理解题。结合第四段中的“loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory”以及下一段的开头部分可知，记忆力的丧失可能与大脑中的白色物质缺失有关。‎ 答案　C ‎4．The underlined word “fumbling” is closest in meaning to________.‎ A．remembering 　　 B．misunderstanding C．recalling 　　 D．missing 解析　词义猜测题。结合画线词前面的“worse at recalling lists of words”和“forgetting”可推知，fumbling与missing的意思最相近。‎ 答案　D ‎ [三]‎ If our kids don't fall，they don't learn to get up. I still remember the day in high school that my mom forgot to pick me up from school. I'm the oldest of four children，and no doubt she'd had a long day with the other kids and it had slipped her mind. After waiting at school for an hour，I walked the three miles home，and when I got to my house，I shut our front door with anger，stormed into the kitchen and ‎ screamed in my mom's face that she'd forgotten me.‎ Later that night，my dad told me I no longer had a ride to school the next day. I figured my mom would still take me，but when the morning came，she refused. It was midterm，and as a straightA student ready to start college applications，being late wasn't an option. In my mind，missing these tests would have been the end of my academic career. I begged my mom，I told her she was ruining my future and everything I'd worked for. But she held_her_ground，and that day, I walked to school. And I missed my tests.‎ My mom didn't rescue me from failure. She let me suffer from it. She let me figure it out. She let me learn. Now，as a mom myself，I've realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow，learn and think outside of ourselves. It's how we selfeducate to learn what's right and respectable，and what's not. It's how we become responsible and enthusiastic.‎ Falling down makes us better，because we learn how to get up.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文作者通过亲身体会告诉我们：失败让我们变得更好，因为我们在失败中学会成长。‎ ‎1．Why did the author shout at her mother?‎ A．Because she was tired after walking home.‎ B．Because she missed some important tests.‎ C．Because her mother had ruined her future.‎ D．Because her mother didn't pick her up home.‎ D　[考查细节理解。根据第一段的“After waiting at school for an hour，I walked the three miles home，and when I got to my house，I shut our front door with anger，stormed into the kitchen and screamed in my mom's face that she'd forgotten me.”可知，作者在学校等了一个小时，后来自己走回了家，因此她对妈妈没有去学校接她非常生气。故选D。]‎ ‎2．How does the author feel about her experience now?‎ A．Disappointed.　　　　 B．Merciful.‎ C．Beneficial. D．Embarrassed.‎ C　[考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Now，as a mom myself，I've realized that I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow，learn and think outside of ourselves.”说明作者现在认为她之前的经历对她是有益的(Beneficial)。]‎ ‎3．What does the underlined phrase“held her ground” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Stuck to her decision.‎ B．Gave in to me.‎ C．Said yes to me.‎ D．Stayed in the place.‎ A　[考查词义猜测。根据第二段的“But she held_her_ground，and that day，I walked to school.”中But的转折意味以及后面作者仍然走着去上学可知，妈妈仍坚持她的观点，没有送作者去上学。]‎ ‎4．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．Offer Your Kids Help if Necessary B．Stop Rescuing Your Kids from Failure C．Be Responsible for Your Kid's Failure D．Try to Meet Your Kids' Demands B　[考查标题判断。根据第三段和第四段的叙述，尤其是第三段的“My mom didn't rescue me from failure.”及“...I want my kids to experience failure because failure is how we grow，learn and think outside of ourselves.”可知，B项最适合作文章标题。]‎ ‎ [四]‎ Nearly two million drivers in the UK have had accidents due to “Baby on Board” signs and children’s toys that affect their view，according to alarming new research. One in 20 motorists says stickers and playtime paraphernalia (装备) are to blame for a collision—equivalent to 1.85 million of Britain’s 37 million drivers. The discovery triggered a ‎ warning by a road safety charity—Brake to cut down on clutter (杂乱的东西) in the car.‎ Deputy chief executive Julie Townsend said “Baby on Board” signs are very useful in alerting the emergency services that a child may be involved in case of a crash.“ This help can become negative if drivers display signs when their child isn’t in the car，” she said. “Worse still is the danger that can be caused by drivers influencing their view by cluttering up (塞满) windows with lots of signs. Drivers’ priority should always be getting there safely without putting themselves，young passengers or other road users at risk.”‎ A survey arranged by price comparison website Confused.com found that 37 percent of parents have displayed signs and four out of five of them believe they improve safety. But 46 percent admit doing so at all times—regardless of whether or not their child is in the car—and 15 percent admit they only have them for their novelty (新奇) value. The poll of 2,000 drivers also found that 46 percent of drivers regard them as a risk and 33 percent say they are lacking in taste.‎ ‎“There are benefits and dangers to ‘Baby on Board’ signs. They can offer useful information for medical aid in case of a crash but having too many novelty items displayed could be a safety issue，” said a Confused.com spokesman.‎ ‎【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了英国最新的调查发现汽车车贴成为“马路杀手”的事实。‎ ‎1．What do we learn about the signs on the car from Paragraph 1?‎ A．They can be dangerous.‎ B．They are useful to avoid accidents.‎ C．They are welcomed by passengers.‎ D．They are forbidden to be used.‎ 解析　推理判断题。从文章第一段介绍的英国有将近200万名司机曾因车贴和儿童玩具发生过交通事故，到车贴和玩具会模糊司机的视线并且在每20位驾驶人员中就有一位表示车贴和娱乐设备会导致发生交通事故以及Brake提醒大家清理车里杂乱的物品可推知，它们 可能是危险的。‎ 答案　A ‎2．What is Julie Townsend’s attitude towards the signs?‎ A．Positive.　　 B．Negative.‎ ‎ C．Uninteresting.　　 D．Objective.‎ 解析　态度判断题。根据第二段中的“‘Baby on Board’ signs are...isn’t in the car”以及“Worse...or other road users at risk.”可知，Julie Townsend对车贴积极的一面以及消极的一面都做了客观的描述，由此可推知她的态度是客观的。‎ 答案　D ‎3．According to the survey，most of the drivers who use the signs think that the signs_____.‎ A．can improve safety 　　 B．are unnecessary C．can make drivers clear　　　 D．can kill time 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“four out of five of them believe they improve safety”可知，大多数司机认为这能使行驶更安全。‎ 答案　A ‎4．What is the purpose of this text?‎ A．To solve a problem.‎ B．To describe a threat to traffic safety.‎ C．To tell an interesting story.‎ D．To persuade drivers to drive safely. ‎ 解析　写作意图题。本文介绍了英国最新的调查发现汽车车贴成为“马路杀手”的事实，其目的就是告诉人们当前存在的一个交通安全隐患。‎ 答案　B ‎[五]‎ The drug store was closing for the night. Young Alfred Higgins，the shop assistant was ready to go home. Mr Carr，the boss, stared at him and said：“Hold on，Alfred. Maybe you'd be good enough to take ‎ the things out of your pockets and leave them here before you go.” Alfred's face got red.A fter a little hesitation，he took out what he had stolen. Mr.Carr said，“Maybe I should call your mother and let her know I'm going to have to put you in prison.”‎ Alfred thought his mother would come rushing in，eyes burning with anger. But，to his surprise，she arrived wearing a smile.“ Hello，I'm Alfred's mother. Is he in trouble？”she said. Mr.Carr was surprised too. He had expected Alfred's mother to come in nervously，shaking with fear，asking with wet eyes for a mercy for her son. But no，she was most calm，quiet and pleasant and was making Mr. Carr feel guilty...Soon Mr. Carr was shaking his head in agreement with what she was saying. “Of course” he said，“I don't want to be cruel. You are right. Sometimes，a little good advice is the best thing for a boy at certain times in his life and it often takes the youths long time to get sense into their heads.” And he warmly shook Mrs. Higgins's hand.‎ Back home without even looking at Alfred she said，“You are a bad luck. It is one thing after another，always has been. Why do you stand there so stupidly？Go to bed.” In his bedroom，Alfred heard his mother in the kitchen. There was no shame in him，just pride in his_ mother's_ strength. He felt he must tell her how great she was. As he got to the kitchen，he saw his mother drinking a cup of tea. He was shocked by what he saw. His mother's face was a frightened broken one. I t was not the same cool，bright face he saw earlier in the drug store. As she lifted the tea cup，her hand shook. And some of the tea splashed on the table. Her lips moved nervously. She looked very old. He watched his mother without making a sound. The picture of his mother made him want to cry. He felt his youth coming to an end. He saw all the troubles he brought his mother in her shaking hand and the deep lines of worry in her grey face. It seemed to him ‎ that this was the first time he had ever really seen his mother.‎ ‎【语篇解读】 母亲那深沉的爱最终感化了懵懂的无知少年，使少年开始向善向上。母亲啊！您的伟大之处在于您那无声的爱。‎ ‎5．The reason why Mr.Carr felt guilty was that________.‎ A．he found Alfred was in fact innocent B．he should have called a policeman in first C．Alfred's mother appeared polite and gentle D．he thought he was partly responsible for it 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But no，she was most calm，quiet and pleasant and was making Mr. Carr feel guilty...”可知，Mr. Carr感到内疚是因为Alfred的妈妈当时非常沉着、稳重、和善。‎ 答案　C ‎6．Which of the following is probably said by Mrs. Higgins while talking to Mr. Carr?‎ A．“Please，for God's sake，you know，he is just a kid.”‎ B．“I can't believe it！You are treating my son like that！”‎ C．“You know，it takes time for a youth to truly grow up.”‎ D．“Punishment makes sense because it teaches about the law.”‎ 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中Mr.Carr所说的话可推断出Alfred的妈妈说服了Mr. Carr不要报警，因为年轻人真正地长大成人需要时间。‎ 答案　C ‎7．What do you think the underlined words “his mother's strength ”refer to?‎ A．Mrs.Higgins's calmness and communicating skills.‎ B．Mrs.Higgins's attitude towards parental sufferings.‎ C．Mrs. Higgins's love and care for her son Alfred.‎ D．Mrs.Higgins's greatness as a woman.‎ 解析　推理判断题。根据画线部分所在句“There was no shame in him，just pride in his_mother's _strength.”可知，Alfred并没有认识到自己的错误，而是庆幸妈妈的冷静和沟通技巧让自己逃过了这一劫。‎ 答案　A ‎8．After the incident，young Alfred would probably________.‎ A．feel ashamed of his mother B．change his attitude towards life C．learn to live an independent life D．hate Mr. Carr for hurting his mother 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The picture of his mother made him want to cry. He felt his youth coming to an end.”可推知，Alfred看到妈妈形容憔悴的样子，幡然悔过，下定决心要改变自己的人生态度，重新做人。‎ 答案　B ‎ [六]‎ Ecotourism：A Different Way to Travel Are you attracted to obscure places？Do you prefer to vacation away from other tourists？Are you careful to take only memories and to leave only footprints？If you answered yes to more than one of these questions，you just might be an ecotourist.‎ Ecotourists are people who want to experience the unspoiled natural world—and leave it that way when they return home. This trend started in the 1990s，and ecotourism is now growing three times faster than the tourism industry at large. The Kapawi Ecolodge in Ecuador’s remote Amazon Basin is contributing to that expansion，and it gives a snapshot of what ecotourism looks like.‎ At the Ecolodge，a small group of cabins sits in the middle of the Achuar people’s reserve and is only accessible by air. From here，visitors can explore parts of the Amazon rainforest seen by few outsiders. As they do，local Achuar guides explain how the forest is like their supermarket，where they find food，clothing，medicine and tools. As a result，tourists learn to appreciate the local culture as well as the natural environment.‎ The owners of Kapawi pay monthly rent to the Achuar people，but they also train the community to run and manage the lodge. They have agreed on a plan to turn the operation over to the Achuar completely by 2011.The owners are working to make ecotourism benefit and empower the local people.‎ You probably won’t start your own ecolodge，but you can be an ecotourist if you follow these guidelines：Protect the environment；Support local businesses；Respect the local customs and traditions.‎ The world is full of fascinating places to visit. As an ecotourist，you can enjoy them yourself and make sure that they remain beautiful for future generations as well.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文主要介绍了一种新理念的旅游方式——生态旅游。‎ ‎1．According to the text，the ecotourists should be________.‎ A．those who like to experience the easilyremembered natural environment B．those who like to go to their travelling places by hiking C．those who prefer an undamaged natural world and remain what it used to be D．those who prefer unique natural environment of cultural relics 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Are you careful to take only memories and to leave only footprints？”以及第二段中的“...leave it that way when they return home”可知，生态旅游者喜欢未遭破坏的自然环境并保持它原本的样子。‎ 答案　C ‎2．At the Kapawi ecolodge，visitors can’t________.‎ A．explore the Amazon rainforest B．reach there by air C．live in the Achuar reserve D．see many travelers from outside 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At the Ecolodge，a small group of cabins sits in the middle of the Achuar people’s reserve and is only accessible by air.”可知，在Kapawi Ecolodge，参观者不可能看到很多来自外面的旅游者。‎ 答案　D ‎3．Which of the words is closest in meaning to the word “snapshot” in the second paragraph?‎ A．Idea.　 B．Aim.　‎ C．Adventure. D．Opportunity.‎ 解析　词义猜测题。第二段的第一句介绍了生态旅游的观念：去经历原生态的自然景色，当游客回家的时候，让环境保持原样。生态旅游就是向旅行者传递这样一种思想。故idea与snapshot的意思最相近。‎ 答案　A ‎4．We can learn from the passage that________.‎ A．the Kapawi ecolodge will continue to run and manage the lodge after 2011‎ B．the Kapawi ecolodge owners are the Achuar in favor of ecotourism C．the achuar people have benefited a lot by collecting money from ecotourists D．the owners of Kapawi encourage tourists to appreciate the Achuar culture 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句及第四段的内容可推断出，Kapawi的拥有者鼓励游客学会欣赏Achuar人的文化。故D项正确，A、B、C三项均与原文不符。‎ 答案　D ‎ [七]‎ ‎“Tiger Mother” parenting raises media storm. A new book written by a selfdescribed Chinese descent(血统)on her super strict parenting—Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother has raised media storm and ‎ fierce debates in the U．S.‎ Amy Chua is a Yale Law School professor and the mother of two teenage girls. She is the daughter of immigrants of Chinese descent. In the Chinese culture，the tiger symbolizes strength and power. In her book Ms. Chua writes about how she demanded excellence from her daughters. For example，her daughters，Sophia and Louisa，were never allowed to attend a sleepover，be in a school play，watch TV or play computer games. They couldn't choose their own afterclass activities or get any grade less than an A．They had to play piano or violin—and no other musical instruments. She writes that if a Chinese child gets a B—which she says “would never happen”—there would be “a screaming，hair tearing explosion”．She describes making her 7yearold daughter play a piano piece perfectly—yelling and not letting her leave the bench even to use the bathroom—until it was.‎ Many people have criticized Chua. Some say her parenting methods were abusive. She even admits that her husband，who is not Chinese，objects to her parenting style. But she says that was the way her parents raised her and her three sisters.‎ Stacy DeBroff，who has written four books about parenting，says Amy Chua's parenting style is not limited to Chinese families. She says it represents a traditional way of parenting among immigrants seeking a better future for their children. But she also sees a risk. When children have no time to be social or to follow their own interests，they might not develop other skills that they need to succeed in life. Stacy DeBroff advised parents not to just repeat the way they were raised.‎ Alison Lo，an assistant professor of marketing at the University of Washington's Bothell campus said，“I don't think Amy is advocating a best practice of parenting style，or that success and achievements are critical yardsticks(衡量标准)of a good life. But I can imagine how strong her daughters' college applications are going ‎ to be. For many parents whose dreams are seeing their kids graduating from a competitive university，Amy is sharing with the readers that it is achievable by persistent，dedicated parental guidance，”Lo said in an interview with Julie Muhlstein，a columnist with the USbased Heraldnet.com.‎ ‎“In that sence，a young adult's giftedness can be born，or made，”Lo continued.‎ ‎【语篇解读】 耶鲁大学华裔教授Amy Chua的新书《虎妈战歌》成为美国人热议的话题，她提出的“中国式”严苛教子方法引发了巨大争议。‎ ‎1．According to the passage，which is TRUE of Amy Chua?‎ A．She is an easygoing woman.‎ B．She is an assistant professor.‎ C．She is a demanding parent.‎ D．She is a cruel teacher.‎ 解析　推理判断题。由文章第二段“In her book Ms. Chua writes about how she demanded excellence from her daughters.”及其后她对孩子的苛刻要求的“几个不准”、孩子自己的“几个不能”以及成绩总是A等，足见其为一个“苛求的”人，即demanding。‎ 答案　C ‎2．Which of the following are Sophia and Louisa allowed to do?‎ A．Playing the piano.‎ B．Playing the guitar.‎ C．Dating with boys.‎ D．Getting an A minus.‎ 解析　细节理解题。文章第二段“They had to play piano or violin—and no other musical instruments.”很清楚地表明答案为A。‎ 答案　A ‎3．Stacy DeBroff advised parents to________.‎ A．seek a better future for their children B．develop their own style of parenting C．be strict with their children D．follow Amy Chua's parenting style 解析　细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段末尾“Stacy DeBroff advised parents not to just repeat the way they were raised.”可以得出答案为B。‎ 答案　B ‎4．Alison Lo concluded that________.‎ A．persistent，dedicated parental guidance is the best parenting style B．parents should respect children's personalities C．a gifted child was born with talent D．a teenager can be raised to be talent by strict parenting 解析　推理判断题。文章末尾句：“In that sense，a young adult's giftedness can be born，or made.”“从这个意义上讲，年轻人的天赋可以是天生的，也可以通过后天严格的教养而激发”，故D项正确。A项与原文意思achievable“有成就的”有出入，文中并无信息表明“persistent，dedicated parental guidance”是“最好的”。‎ 答案　D ‎ [八]‎ As more Americans go to mainland China to take jobs，more Chinese and Americans are working side by side. These crosscultural partnerships，while beneficial in many ways，are also highlighting tensions that expose differences in work experience，pay levels and communication.‎ In the last few years，a growing number of Americans in their 20s and 30s have been heading to China for employment，attracted by its fastergrowing economy and lower jobless rate. Their Chinese coworkers are often around the same age. But the two groups were raised differently. The Americans have had more exposure to free market principles. “Young Americans were brought up in a commercial environment，”said Neng Zhao,28，a senior associate at Blue Oak ‎ Capital，a private firm based in Beijing. “We weren't. So the workplace is a unique learning process for my generation.”‎ Managers hiring workers in China appear to be paying for Western experience. Foreigners tend to earn 10 to 15 percent more than their Chinese counterparts，said Michael Norman，senior vice president as Sibson Consulting，an American firm. That imbalance does not go unnoticed by Chinese workers. “There is definitely the belief that Americans get paid more for the same work，”said Ting Wang,25，an associate at Wild China，a travel company based in Beijing. On the other hand，Chinese workers have a deeper understanding of the influences，like Confucianism and Communism，which play a part in their country's culture and economy.‎ It is important and necessary for Americans working in China to adjust，said Mr. Norman，who works on management and work force issues for multinational companies operating in Asia.‎ ‎“In the West，there is such a bonus on getting things done quickly，but when you come to work in China，you need to work on listening and being more patient and understanding of local ways of doing business，”he said.‎ ‎1．More Americans go to China to take jobs because________.‎ A．they want to experience different cultures B．Chinese workers are easier to cooperate C．they can't find proper jobs in America D．the economy of China is developing rapidly 解析　细节理解题。根据文章的第二段第一句“...attracted by its fastergrowing economy and lower jobless rate.”可知答案为D。‎ 答案　D ‎2．What is mainly talked about in the passage?‎ A．Crosscultural conflicts.‎ B．Crosscultural partnerships.‎ C．Multinational companies in China.‎ D．Different pays for the same work.‎ 解析　主旨大意题。文章的第一段就点出了主题“These crosscultural partnerships，while beneficial in many ways，are also highlighting tensions...”故选B。‎ 答案　B ‎3．What can we learn from the passage?‎ A．Americans benefit more from working in China.‎ B．Chinese and American employees have the same experience.‎ C．Young Chinese can benefit from crosscultural partnerships.‎ D．More Americans working in China cause higher jobless rate.‎ 解析　写作意图题。本文讲的是这种跨文化的合作存在许多益处，由文章的第三段可知中国的年轻人在这种跨文化的合作中得到的好处多。故选C。‎ 答案　C ‎4．What does the underlined word “imbalance”in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A．Unfair pay levels.‎ B．Different working experience.‎ C．Unequal opportunities.‎ D．Different upbringing environment.‎ 解析　词义猜测题。由第三段“Foreigners tend to earn 10 to 15 percent more than their Chinese counterparts...”知这种不平衡是指薪酬的不平衡。‎ 答案　A ‎ [九]‎ For thousands of years，man has enjoyed the taste of apples. Apples，which are about 85 percent of water，grow almost everywhere in the world but the hottest and coldest areas. Among the leading countries in apple production are China，France and the United States.‎ There are various kinds of apples. But a very few make up the ‎ majority of those grown for sale. The three most common kinds grown in the United States are Delicious，Golden Delicious，and McIntosh.‎ Apples are different in colour，size and taste. The colour of the skin may be red，green，or yellow. They have various sizes，with Delicious apples being among the largest. The taste may be sweet or tart. Generally，sweet apples are eaten fresh while tart apples are used to make apple sauce.‎ Apple trees may grow as tall as twelve metres. They do best in areas that have very cold winters. Although no fruit is yielded during the winter，this cold period is good for the tree.‎ ‎1．It can be learned from the text that Delicious apples are________.‎ A．grown in France B．sold everywhere C．very big D．quite sweet 解析　细节理解题。根据文中第三段第三句可知，Delicious是苹果品种中个头儿最大的，故选C。‎ 答案　C ‎2．Cold winter weather is good for________.‎ A．the growth of apple trees B．producing large apples C．improving the taste of apples D．the increase of water in apples 解析　细节理解题。由文章结尾一句可知，冬季对苹果树的生长有好处，故选A。‎ 答案　A ‎3．China，France and the United States are considered to________.‎ A．be large producers of apples B．be large producers of apple sauce C．have the longest history in apple production D．have the coldest winter among apple producing countries 解析　细节理解题。由第一段末句可知，中国、法国和美国是苹果产量最大的国家，故选A。‎ 答案　A ‎4．The underlined word “yielded” in the last sentence means“________”．‎ A．improved B．increased C．produced D．sold 解析　推理判断题。该词所在句的句意为“尽管冬季不产苹果，但寒冷期有益于果树的生长”。由此可知yield意为“生产”，故选C。‎ 答案　C ‎[十]‎ More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children，a new survey showed last Tuesday.‎ The survey，published by the Bank of America，studied the rich with $3 million or more in assets. It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have welldeveloped plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”．‎ The majority of the 457 people surveyed are selfmade，firstgeneration rich. Fiftytwo percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are，and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth. One in three parents said they had never thought to do it.‎ They are worried that their children would become lazy，spend money freely，make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.‎ Only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any inheritance (遗产) they plan to leave them.‎ ‎“There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation，” said Sallie Krawcheck，president of the Global Wealth and Investment Management of the Bank of America. “Our research，however，uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”‎ The trend is led by the world’s richest man Bill Gates，who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife，the Bill and Malinda Gates Foundation (基金会)，and not to his children.‎ ‎“We want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact，” he said.‎ Of his plans for his children，Gates said：“I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage...they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　调查表明，大部分美国富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算将丰厚的资产传给后代。‎ ‎5．We can learn from the passage that________.‎ A．rich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance B．rich parents don’t equal rich kids，at least in the US C．American children don’t get to inherit their parents’ wealth D．poor children don’t expect themselves to be as rich as their parents 解析　推理判断题。第二段的后半部分提到在被调查的美国富人中，几乎没有人计划为他们的孩子保留资产或者将资产传给孩子，由此可推断在美国，父母富有并不意味着孩子富有。‎ 答案　B ‎6．According to the survey，most rich Americans________.‎ A．think they owe their children nothing B．think it best to give their money back to society C．doubt their children’s ability to handle wealth D．are confident of their children’s ability to handle wealth 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，大部分美国富人怀疑他们的孩子处理财富的能力。‎ 答案　C ‎7．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refers to________.‎ A．responsible children　　 B．Bill Gates and his wife C．firstgeneration rich　　 D．rich parents 解析　猜测词义题。人们期望富裕的父母把他们的财富传给下一代，此处they指代的是画线词前面的“the wealthy parents”，即“rich parents”。‎ 答案　D ‎8．From the last paragraph，we can see that Bill Gates wants to show________.‎ A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children B．the positive impact of charity on society C．the way of giving back to society D．the importance of independence for children ‎ 解析　推理判断题。根据本段中比尔·盖茨所说的话可推知，他更强调孩子的个人奋斗，认为培养孩子的自立很重要。‎ 答案　D