2018-2019学年江苏省宿迁市高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

2018-2019学年江苏省宿迁市高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

宿迁市2018~2019学年第二学期期末测试试卷 高二英语 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷 (选择题) 和第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题) 两部分，共120分。考试时间120分钟。‎ 第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共85分）‎ 第一部分 听力（共20小题；每题1分, 满分20分）‎ 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1 What will the woman probably do tonight?‎ A. Visit someone.‎ B. Entertain some guests.‎ C. Have dinner with the man.‎ ‎2. What does the man want to do?‎ A. Study. B. Watch TV. C. Go on a trip with his parents.‎ ‎3. How much did the woman spend on the makeup?‎ A. 110 yuan. B. 100 yuan. C. 90 yuan.‎ ‎4. Why is the man late for a meeting?‎ A. He got up late. B. His car broke down. C. He was stuck in a traffic jam.‎ ‎5. What happened to the man?‎ A. He slipped and fell.‎ B. He bumped into the woman.‎ C. He spilled some water on the floor.‎ 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。‎ ‎6. What is the man doing?‎ A. Shopping.‎ B. Mailing something.‎ C. Paying for something at customs.‎ ‎7. How much should the man pay?‎ A. $ 13.72. B. $ 15.00. C.$ 50.00.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。‎ ‎8. What doesn’t the man like about the dress?‎ A. The color. B. The price. C. The style.‎ ‎9. What will the woman do next?‎ A. Call a tailor. B. Fix the dress herself. C. Give the man her number.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. Where will the speakers go this weekend?‎ A. A hotel. B. A swimming club. C. A restaurant.‎ ‎11. What will the man do next?‎ A. Surf the Internet. B. Go to Hyde Park. C. Make a reservation.‎ ‎12. What is NOT included in the price?‎ A. Car parking. B. Taxes. C. Tips.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. Where does this conversation probably take place?‎ A. On the phone. B. At the subway station. C. On the street.‎ ‎14. Why was the woman upset?‎ A. Her train was late today.‎ B. The man was late today.‎ C. The man didn’t arrive earlier than her.‎ ‎15. What happened to the woman at work?‎ A. She was laid off.‎ B. She found out some bad news.‎ C. She became stressed out by the amount of work.‎ ‎16. What does the man suggest in the end?‎ A. Going to a café. B. Going home directly. C. Looking for new jobs.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What do we know about short popular papers in the UK?‎ A. They’re often serious.‎ B. They contain lots of entertainment news.‎ C. They’re independent newspapers.‎ ‎18. When was The Times started?‎ A. 50 years ago. B. 100 years ago. C. More than 200 years ago.‎ ‎19. What is The Times best known for?‎ A. Its high-quality news.‎ B. Its strange writing.‎ C. Its support of a particular political party.‎ ‎20. What are the letters to the editor mostly about?‎ A. Fashion. B. Serious subjects. C. Opinions about young people.‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎1.A true gentleman won’t pretend to have those absurd manners which are necessary ______ we call the upper class.‎ A. who B. in which C. in what D. which ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词和连接代词。句意：一个真正的绅士不会假装拥有那些在我们所谓的上层社会中所必需的荒谬的举止。分析句子可知，be necessary in“在某方面是必要的”，其中in为介词后接宾语从句，在宾语从句中，主语为we, 谓语为call，call后接双宾语，the upper class作间接宾语，what作直接宾语。当what用作连接代词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句；它本身在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句.what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：‎ 一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所…的”，“…的样子”等.‎ 二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语，宾语，表语或者定语。‎ 分析句子可知，be necessary in“在某方面是必要的”，其中in为介词后接宾语从句，在宾语从句中，主语为we, 谓语为call，call后接双宾语，the upper class作间接宾语，what作直接宾语。当what用作连接代词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句；它本身在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。故C选项正确。‎ ‎2.Michael had a serious fall in playing football and his under lip began to ______ up.‎ A. wind B. split C. choke D. swell ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：Michael踢足球时摔了一跤，下唇肿了起来。A. wind蜿蜒；B. split撕裂；C. choke窒息；D. swell 肿胀。由“a serious fall ”可知，Michael踢足球时摔了一跤，下唇肿了起来。swell up“肿胀”符合句意。故D选项正确。‎ ‎3.A major fire broke out at Notre-Dame Cathedral in central Paris, ______ the construction dates back to the year 1163.‎ A. where B. of which C. in which D. whose ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词+关系代词。句意：巴黎市中心的圣母院发生大火，这建筑可以追溯到1163年。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为Paris，在后面的定语从句中作宾语，而定语从句中的主语为the construction of ..，所以先行词作of的宾语。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句中关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：‎ ‎(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等。‎ ‎(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why。‎ ‎(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。‎ 分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为Paris，在后面的定语从句中作宾语，而定语从句中的主语为the construction of ..，所以先行词作of的宾语。故B选项正确。‎ ‎4.So ______ to Coca-Cola that he can hardly go without it.‎ A. addicted is he B. is he addicted C. addicted he is D. he is addicted ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：他对可口可乐如此上瘾，以至于他几乎离不开它。分析句子可知，“so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装。本句为:so+形容词+be+主语。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】英语部分倒装用法归纳 1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装 在正式文体中，never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后要用部分倒装。 【注意】 (1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序。 He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 (2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装。 On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序： In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。 2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装 当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序。 3. “so+adj. /‎ ‎ adv.”位于句首时的倒装 副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装。 So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。  4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装 当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构。 【注意】 (1) 若前面提出某一否定的情况，要表示后者也属于同样的否定情况，则应将其中的so改为neither或nor (2) 注意该结构与表示强调或同意的“so+主语+特殊动词”结构的区别 5. 由not only…but also引出的倒装 6. 虚拟条件句的省略与倒装 当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had, were, should等时，如将if省略，则要将had, were, should等移到主语前，构成倒装句。‎ 分析句子可知，“so+a副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后用部分倒装。本句为:so+形容词+be+主语。故A选项正确。‎ ‎5.Only those people who use a kitchen frequently understand the best way to ______.‎ A. let it out B. pick it out C. put it out D. lay it out ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：只有那些经常做饭的人才知道布置厨房的最佳方法。A. let it out 泄露；B. pick it out挑选；C. put it out扑灭；D. lay it out布置, 安排。 lay it out“布置, 安排”符合句意。故D选项正确。‎ ‎6.When heated, material of this kind ______ plastic in quality will soften.‎ A. resembled B. resemble C. to resemble D. resembling ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查现在分词。句意：这种类似塑料的材料受热后会软化。分析句子可知，material of this kind与 resemble在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】非谓语动词是考试考查的重点，要掌握它的用法。首先，要弄清楚填空处要填的是非谓语。其次，要知道非谓语动词的三种形式：现在分词表示主动进行、过去分词表示被动完成、动词不定式表示目的和将要。再次，要知道非谓语动作与谓语动作是同时发生还是先后发生，还是将要发生。‎ 分析句子可知，material of this kind与 resemble在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故D选项正确。‎ ‎7.—Mary is not equal to the job, and neither is Mike.‎ ‎— I can’t agree more. You know, Mike is ______ competent than Mary.‎ A. not more B. no more C. no less D. not less ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：---玛丽不能胜任这个工作，迈克也不能。---我完全同意。你知道的，迈克和玛丽一样都不能胜任这个工作。no morethan和一样不（否定两者），在本句中，表示迈克和玛丽一样都不能胜任这个工作。故B选项正确。‎ ‎8.—Where did you knock into your old friend, LiHua?‎ ‎—It was in the firm ______ his brother is working.‎ A. where B. that C. which D. when ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查关系副词。句意：---李华，你在哪里碰到你的老朋友的?---在他哥哥工作的那家公司。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为firm，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。本句不能选that，如果选that就变成了强调句，句子应为：It was in the firm that I knocked into my old friend, LiHua。故A选项正确。‎ ‎9.Luckily, the weather ______ sometime after lunch and we headed for the school.‎ A. turned up B. ended up C. cleared up D. came up ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，午饭后天气转晴了，我们朝着学校走去。A. turned up出现；B. ended up结束；C. cleared up（天）放晴；D. came up被提及。由“the weather”可知，cleared up“（天）放晴”符合句意。故C选项正确。‎ ‎10.The May Fourth Movement was launched in 1919 and its spirit ______ Chinese youth to make contributions to national rejuvenation ever since.‎ A. is motivating B. has been motivating C. motivated D. was motivating ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查现在完成进行时。句意：五四运动于1919年发起，其精神一直激励着中国青年为民族复兴而努力。由“ever since”可知，本句为现在完成进行时，表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者可能仍然要继续下去。故B选项正确。‎ ‎11.Those aiming high won’t be vain about their ______ achievements.‎ A. modest B. generous C. valid D. vivid ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：那些志存高远的人不会对自己的微薄成就感到自命不凡。A. modest不太显著的；B. generous慷慨的；C. valid有效的；D. vivid生动的。modest“不太显著的”符合句意。故A选项正确。‎ ‎12.We can’t make out his ______ of the article because there are too many technical terms in it.‎ A. fiction B. abstract C. claim D. principle ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我们不能弄清楚他这篇文章的摘要，因为里面有太多的术语。A. fiction虚构类文学作品；B. abstract摘要；C. claim声称；D. principle原则。由“ article ”可知，abstract“摘要”符合句意。故B选项正确。‎ ‎13.To deliver the Brexit, British Prime Minister Theresa May had to make some policies ______ the needs of the British people.‎ A. in company with B. in parallel with C. in tune with D. in touch with ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了实现英国脱欧，英国首相特蕾莎·梅须制定一些符合英国人民需要的政策。A. in company with一起；B. in parallel with与…平行；C. in tune with与一致；D. in touch with与联系。由“To deliver the Brexit”，为了实现英国脱欧，英国首相特蕾莎·梅必须制定一些符合英国人民需要的政策。所以in tune with“与一致”符合句意。故C选项正确。‎ ‎14.Let the negative feelings go that we might have to tolerate ______.‎ A. though B. however C. otherwise D. regardless ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：让我们不得不忍受的负面情绪也消失吧。A. though尽管；B. however然而；C. otherwise亦；D. regardless不管怎样。分析句子可知，negative feelings为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作tolerate的宾语。otherwise“亦”修饰动词go，且符合句意。故C选项正确。‎ ‎15.The young man is very excellent. Now he is the ______ of a big company.‎ A. top dog B. cold fish C. white elephant D. black sheep ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查习惯用语辨析。句意：这个年轻人非常优秀。现在他是一家大公司的总裁。A. top dog头领; 有权势的人；B. cold fish态度冷冰冰的人；C. white elephant华而不实的东西；D. black sheep害群之马。由“excellent”可知， top dog“头领; 有权势的人”符合句意。故A选项正确。‎ 第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Some teachers seem to be bad teachers, but they are not. Take my football coach for example. One day, we were doing some ___16___ practicing catching the football. He threw me a pass and I dropped it. He started ___17___ me. I went back in line, ___18___. My friend was up next. He dropped it, too. But the coach said nothing. Annoyed, I whispered, “Why ___19___ against me?”‎ After practice he came ___20___ to me and told me the reason he shouted at me ___21___ the other guy was that he expected more out of me. If he ___22___ my mistakes, it meant he had quit on me.‎ Another teacher ___23___ my mind was my PhD supervisor, Ken Crowe. He had a(n) ___24___ for making grown men cry when they disappointed him, but I was ___25___ by the topic he was working on.‎ He gave me a(n)___26___: to figure out what caused muons to get depolarized (去极化) in liquids. After a week I came to Ken’s office to tell him about it. He listened for a few minutes and then ___27___: “You have no idea what you’re talking about! Get out and don’t come back until you do!” Now I was starting to get ___28___, complaining about him as cold-hearted.‎ Bent on changing his attitude and ___29___ more relevant knowledge, I really got ‎ into it.___30___, I understood it so well that to this day it is my most proud ___31___. Then I went back to tell Ken what I had figured out. Again he interrupted me a few minutes into my ___32___, but I carried on. When I finished, he praised me for doing some very original research. From that day forward, he supported and promoted me ___33___ we became great friends and respected colleagues.‎ So don’t ever complain about your “___34___” teachers. They may ___35___ you to make greater achievement you will be proud of decades later.‎ ‎16. A. running B. drills C. operations D. research ‎17. A. yelling at B. staring at C. glancing at D. laughing at ‎18. A. amazed B. satisfied C. frightened D. embarrassed ‎19. A. debate B. discriminate C. decide D. defend ‎20. A. in B. across C. over D. away ‎21. A. other than B. more than C. less than D. rather than ‎22. A. overlooked B. condemned C. resisted D. exposed ‎23. A. closing B. broadening C. crossing D. reading ‎24. A. reputation B. reference C. affection D. preference ‎25. A. astonished B. puzzled C. disturbed D. fascinated ‎26. A. principle B. assignment C. reward D. award ‎27. A. cut down B. cut out C. cut in D. cut up ‎28. A. pleased B. content C. tense D. mad ‎29. A. acquiring B. acknowledging C. accelerating D. addressing ‎30. A. Suddenly B. Eventually C. Gradually D. Purposefully ‎31. A. accomplishment B. establishment C. development D.‎ ‎ commitment ‎32. A. enquiry B. presentation C. outline D. conference ‎33. A. although B. as C. before D. until ‎34. A. tolerant B. considerate C. mean D. kind ‎35. A. permit B. bother C. inspire D. forbid ‎【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。有些老师看起来很刻薄，实际上这并不是事实。作者回忆了在自己求学过程中与两位“刻薄”老师的故事。通过两个故事，作者告诉我们永远不要抱怨“刻薄的”老师，他们可以激励你取得更大的成就，几十年后你会为之而自豪。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. running跑步；B. drills训练；C. operations操作；D. research研究。句意：一天，我们正在做一些练习，练习接足球。由“practicing”可知，作者和同学们在做接足球的练习。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. yelling at喊叫；B. staring at凝视；C. glancing at一瞥；D. laughing at嘲笑。句意：他开始对我大声吼叫。由下文“he shouted at me”可知，老师对作者大声吼叫。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. amazed惊讶的；B. satisfied满意的；C. frightened恐惧的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。句意：我尴尬地回到队伍里。由前文“I dropped it. He started yelling at me”可知，作者没有接到球，老师又对他大声吼叫。所以作者感到很尴尬。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. debate讨论；B. discriminate歧视；C. decide决定；D. defend防御。句意：我很生气，小声说:“为什么要歧视我?”作者的朋友没有接到球却没有遭到老师的吼叫，所以作者很生气，认为这是对自己的歧视。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。A. in在里；B. across穿过；C. over（移动）从一侧至…另一侧；D. away离开。句意：训练结束后，他走过来对我说，他之所以对我而不是对其他人大声吼叫，是因为他对我的期望更高。训练结束后，老师主动走过来，向作者解释了对作者大声吼叫的原因。所以come over to sb “向某人走过来”符合句意。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查连词短语辨析。A. other than除了；B. more than多余；C. less than少于；D. rather than而不是。句意：训练结束后，他走过来对我说，他之所以对我而不是对其他人大声吼叫，是因为他对我的期望更高。这里老师在向作者解释之所以对作者而不是对其他人大声吼叫的原因。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. overlooked忽视；B. condemned谴责；C. resisted抵抗；D. exposed暴露。句意：如果他忽略了我的错误，那就意味着他放弃了我。根据常识可知，忽略了某人的错误，实际上是放弃了某人。所以overlooked“忽视”符合句意。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. closing关闭；B. broadening拓宽；C. crossing浮现出；D. reading阅读。句意：我脑海中闪过的另一位老师是我的博士生导师肯·克罗。作者又想起了自己的另一位老师。所以作者脑海中闪过另一位老师。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. reputation声誉；B. reference参考；C. affection喜爱；D. preference偏爱。句意：当学生让他失望时，他会让他们哭，这是出了名的，但我对他正在研究的课题很感兴趣。作者的导师是一个严厉的老师，学生让他失望时，他会让他们哭，这是出了名的。所以have a reputation for “因而出名”符合句意。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. astonished惊讶的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. disturbed精神紊乱的；D. fascinated 着迷的。句意：当学生让他失望时，他会让他们哭，这是出了名的，但我对他正在研究的课题很感兴趣。由下文可知，导师给作者布置了任务，可见作者对于导师正在研究的课题很感兴趣，作者可能是课题研究的一个成员。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. principle原则；B. assignment任务；C. reward奖励；D. award奖品。句意：他给我布置了一项任务:找出是什么导致了μ子素在液体中去极化。由“to figure out ‎ what caused muons to get depolarized (去极化) in liquids”可知，找出是什么导致了μ子素在液体中去极化。可知，这是导师布置给作者的任务。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. cut down砍到；B. cut out切除；C. cut in插嘴；D. cut up切碎。句意：他听了几分钟，然后打断了我的陈述并说到：“你根本不知道你在说什么。由“You have no idea what you’re talking about!.”可知，导师打断了作者的话。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. pleased 高兴的；B. content满意的；C. tense紧张的；D. mad生气的。句意：现在我开始生气了，抱怨他冷酷无情。根据常识判断，导师毫无留情的打断作者的话，且语言刻薄。所以作者很生气。get mad “生气”符合句意。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. acquiring获得；B. acknowledging承认；C. accelerating加速；D. addressing向…作讲话。句意：我决心改变他的态度，决心获得更多的相关知识，所以我全身心投入来完成这项任务。作者是一个学生，所以努力也是为了获得更多的相关知识。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. Suddenly突然地；B. Eventually最后地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Purposefully有目的地。句意：最终，我明白了这一点，以至于直到今天，这是我最自豪的成就。由“I understood it so well”可知，作者经过一番努力，最终弄明白了且完成了导师给自己留的任务。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. accomplishment成就；B. establishment建立；C. development发展；D. commitment许诺。句意：最终，我明白了这一点，以至于直到今天，这是我最自豪的成就。由下文“achievement”可知，作者以自己的成就引以为豪。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. enquiry询问；B. presentation陈述；C. outline轮廓；D. conference会议。句意：陈述开始几分钟后，他又打断了我，但我继续讲下去。任务的研究结果需要以陈述的方式呈现给导师。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查从属连词辨析。A. although尽管；B. as当时；C. before在.之前；D.‎ ‎ until直到.。句意：从那以后，他支持我，提拔我，直到我们成为了很好的朋友和互相尊敬的同事。分析句子可知，本句为时间状语从句，表示句子的动作一直持续到until所表示的时间为止。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. tolerant能容忍的；B. considerate考虑周全的；C. mean刻薄的；D. kind善良的。句意：以后永远不要抱怨你的“刻薄的”老师。作者所列举的两位老师，都是表面上对作者刻薄的老师，实际上并不是。所以作者在告诫读者“以后永远不要抱怨你的“刻薄的”老师”。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. permit允许；B. bother困扰；C. inspire激励；D. forbid禁止。句意：他们可以激励你取得更大的成就，几十年后你会为之而自豪。由“make greater achievement you will be proud of decades later.”可知，老师的刻薄激励了学生取得更大的成就，若干年后，学生以自己的成就而自豪，有一部分的功劳属于哪位或者多为曾经对你“刻薄”的老师。故C选项切题。‎ 第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A The Lion King Release date: July19, 2019‎ What it’s about: The CG reimagining of the Oscar-winning animated movie follows Simba who grapples with the decision to return home and take his place as king as his uncle Scar’s dictatorial leadership threatens to unravel the pride lands.‎ Why we’re excited for this: The first teaser trailer looks like a near recreation of the opening of the 1994 movie. We have a lot of faith in director Jon Favreau who brought the live-action version of “The Jungle Book” to the big screen. That movie earned nearly $1 billion at theaters.‎ Artemis Fowl Release date: August 9, 2019‎ What it's about: The adaptation of the Eoin Colfer novels follows 12-year-old genius Artemis Fowl who comes from a family of criminal masterminds. Fowl finds himself face-to-face with a race of fairies who may have something to do with the mysterious disappearance of his father.‎ Why we’re a bit reserved: Disney usually makes a big fuss over its trailer (预告片) releases. This will either be the start of the next “Harry Potter”-like franchise or a simple one-off if it underperforms.‎ Frozen II Release date: Nov. 22, 2019‎ What it’s about: Disney Animation hasn’t released an official synopsis for the sequel to the 2013 hit, but we do know that Kristen Bell, Idina Menzel, and Josh Gad will reprise their roles as Anna, Elsa, and Olaf, respectively. The film will also include new songs about the sisters.‎ Why we’re interested: While the last “Frozen” short caused some backlash from fans, the sequel is in good hands with returning directors Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee and the Oscar-winning songwriting team of Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez.‎ Star Wars: Episode IX Release date: Dec. 20, 2019‎ What it's about: Disney and Lucasfilm haven't released an official synopsis yet for the ninth “Star Wars” movie， but we know it will serve as a culmination of the Skywalker storyline and will include more of Carrie Fisher’s General Leia through previously unused footage.‎ Why you should see it: Say what you will about mixed reviews of “The Last Jedi,” but if you’ve invested years watching the “Star Wars” saga, don’t you want to see how it all ends for Kylo Ren and Rey? Maybe we’ll learn who Rey’s parents are--or not!‎ ‎36. What is the purpose of the poster?‎ A. To confirm. B. To entertain.‎ C. To comment. D. To inform.‎ ‎37. Which of the following statements about the four films is TRUE?‎ A. The Lion King: The adult version of Simba will be voiced by Donald Glover.‎ B. Artemis Fowl: We can see from the trailer that the film is wonderful.‎ C. Frozen II: New songs about the sisters are its only attraction.‎ D. Start Wars: Episode IX: The mystery of Rey's life can’t be solved.‎ ‎【答案】36. D 37. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。短文是电影海报，介绍了2019年7月19号之后即将上映的4部电影的相关信息，包括上映时间，内容的简短介绍和上榜理由等。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 推理判断题。短文是电影海报，介绍了2019年7月19号之后即将上映的4部电影的相关信息，包括上映时间，内容的简短介绍和上榜理由等。海报广告以其图文并茂的优势，增强广告的渲染力，生动准确地传达广告信息。所以判断出海报的目的是告知读者海报所宣传的内容。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由The Lion King图片中的信息“Donald Glover will the voice adult version of the lion”可知，Donald Glover将为成年版的狮子配音。所以关于这四部电影，A选项：Simba的成年版将由Donald Glover配音。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】根据短文的内容是解决判断短文目的重要解题方法。从文章的内容上来看，主要有说明文(主要涉及广告和旅游指南以及对某些内容的介绍等)、议论文(主要涉及影评、书评、新闻评论、正反对比议论文等)。应用文（书信，通知，启事，简历，海报等。）‎ 短文是电影海报，介绍了2019年7月19号之后即将上映的4部电影的相关信息，包括上映时间，内容的简短介绍和上榜理由等。海报广告以其图文并茂的优势，增强广告的渲染力，生动准确地传达广告信息。所以判断出海报的目的是告知读者海报所宣传的内容。故D选项为小题1的正确选项。‎ B One of the great concerns that ornithologists have is that climate change will throw the nesting activities of birds out of sync (同步) with the availability of food for the raising of chicks. For one species, the pied flycatcher, a new study shows that some of its clan are proving to be remarkably adaptable.‎ Upon returning to Europe from their African wintering grounds, the flycatchers time their egg-laying to the short period when juicy caterpillars (毛毛虫) are most abundant. During the past three decades this caterpillar peak has advanced by three ‎ weeks. Pied flycatchers initially had difficulty adjusting, but over time have started laying their eggs earlier to grab the caterpillars. Some, though, are doing a lot more to improve their reproductive chances of success, according to a study in the Journal of Avian Biology led by Christian Both of the University of Groningen, in the Netherlands.‎ Like most bird species, pied flycatchers have long been thought to lay a single clutch of eggs during the breeding (繁殖) season. This was widely considered to be a trait that wouldn’t change. Then, in 2007, a Swiss team led by Dr Ravussin began to suspect that clutch numbers were flexible. They discovered a female pied flycatcher that immediately produced a second brood with a new male after raising an early set of chicks. Aware of Dr Ravussin’s findings, Dr Both wondered whether this was just a single, odd instance or if second broods might be happening on a larger scale driven by the arrival of earlier springs. So, they cooperate to delve into the data to find out.‎ The team studied pied-flycatcher populations in the Netherlands and Switzerland that were known to be among the earliest nesting members of the species. In total, they tracked the egg-laying times and hatchling-rearing success of 8,848 breeding pairs in the Netherlands and1,372 in Switzerland between1980 and 2018. They found that since 2006, 11 cases of second broods were observed, all of them among the earliest breeders in both populations.‎ Further studies ruled out that the birds were making up for a failed first attempt at raising chicks or that the second group of nestlings suffered.‎ With no obvious downside to laying a double clutch, Drs Both and Ravussin conclude that the birds are attempting to double their annual reproductive output. While this behavior is still rare, they argue that if the tendency is driven by heritable genes (which it may well be) , then a succession of early springs could make the strategy much more common.‎ ‎38. As to flycatchers, we can learn that __________.‎ A. the population of caterpillars has no effect on their egg-laying time B. climate change is the main cause of their advancing egg-laying time C. they can only lay a single clutch of eggs during the breeding season D. they’re born with the ability of raising more than one group of chicks ‎39. Dr Ravussin and Dr Both may both agree that __________.‎ A. flycatchers like to winter and lay eggs in the Netherlands and Switzerland B. flycatchers know how to make up for a failed first attempt at raising chicks C. flycatchers are making adaptations to double their annual reproductive output D. flycatchers, driven by heritable genes, return early from their wintering grounds ‎40. Which can be the most suitable title for the passage?‎ A. More nests, more eggs B. Earlier spring, earlier breeding C. More caterpillars, less chances D. Later arrival, less output ‎【答案】38. B 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。鸟类学家最担心的问题之一是，气候变化将使鸟类的筑巢活动与养育小鸟的食物供应脱节。但研究发现鹟亚科食虫鸟具有非常强的适应环境型，它会随着春天的提前来到，在多汁毛虫数量最多的时候，提前产卵下蛋。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段“One of the great concerns that ornithologists have is that climate change will throw the nesting activities of birds out of sync (同步) with the availability of food for the raising of chicks.”以及第二段“Upon returning to Europe from their African wintering grounds, the flycatchers time their egg-laying to the short period when juicy caterpillars (毛毛虫) are most abundant. During the past three decades this caterpillar peak has advanced by three weeks.”可知，鸟类学家最担心的问题之一是，气候变化将使鸟类的筑巢活动与养育小鸟的食物供应脱节。从非洲越冬地返回欧洲后，鹟亚科食虫鸟把产卵时间定在多汁毛虫数量最多的一个短暂的时期内。在过去的30年中，毛毛虫数量的高峰期已经提前了三个星期。气候的变化导致春天的提前到来，也导致毛毛虫数量的高峰期已经提前了三个星期，而鹟亚科食虫鸟也会提前下蛋已获得食物的主要来源---毛毛虫。所以这一切最终是由气候变化所导致，故判断出，对于鹟亚科食虫鸟，我们可以了解到气候变化是它们产卵时间提前的主要原因。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由最后段“ Drs Both and Ravussin conclude that the birds are attempting ‎ to double their annual reproductive output”可知，DRS博士和Ravussin博士得出的结论是，鹟亚科食虫鸟正试图使它们的年繁殖量翻倍。所以DRS博士和Ravussin博士可能都同意鹟亚科食虫鸟正在进行适应性调整，使其每年的繁殖量增加一倍。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，鸟类学家最担心的问题之一是，气候变化将使鸟类的筑巢活动与养育小鸟的食物供应脱节。但研究发现鹟亚科食虫鸟具有非常强的适应环境型，它会随着春天的提前来到，在多汁毛虫数量最多的时候，提前产卵下蛋。所以短文的最佳标题为“早春早育”。故B选项正确。‎ C Children who qualify for free school meals are twice as likely to be out of work in later life as their better off peers, and even when they get good qualifications at school, the employment gap remains, as a research has found.‎ A report by Impetus, a charity that supports young people from disadvantaged backgrounds, found that 26% of those on free school meals (FSM) were not in education, employment, or training (Neet) after leaving school. In contrast, only 13% of non-FSM children ended up Neet.‎ The study found that young people from disadvantaged backgrounds were less likely to get good qualifications, but even when they had the same qualifications as their better-off peers, they were still 50% more likely to be out of education and employment as other young adults.‎ The research is based on analysis of longitudinal education outcomes data from the Department for Education, which reveals the impact of having a disadvantaged background on life chances and connects pupils’ school records with their employment.‎ ‎“Qualifications play a central role,” the report said, “and it is well known that disadvantaged young people have worse qualification outcomes than their better-off peers.” It added qualifications alone were not enough to explain the difference in Neet rates. “Disadvantaged young people are around 50% more likely to be Neet than their similarly qualified but better-off peers. This is true at all levels of qualifications and regardless of age. This means that half the gap in Neet ‎ rates can be explained by qualifications, but half cannot.”‎ The study also showed how where you grow up affects your life chances—it found that a disadvantaged young person in north-east England is 50% more likely to end up Neet than a disadvantaged young person in London.‎ Andy Ratcliffe, the CEO of Impetus, said: “We are breaking a fundamental promise to young people in this country. We tell them that study hard, get your qualifications and good jobs will follow. For many young people this is true. But for young people from disadvantaged backgrounds it isn’t. They are less likely to get those qualifications, and even when they do, less likely to benefit from them.”‎ ‎41. Why did the author mention a report by Impetus in paragraph 2?‎ A. To offer evidence. B. To make a comparison.‎ C. To offer examples. D. To make criticism.‎ ‎42. “People from disadvantaged backgrounds” refers to those __________.‎ A. who are well off B. from urban areas C. from rural areas D. who are badly off ‎43. According to the study, young people from disadvantaged backgrounds __________.‎ A. have a tendency to get good qualifications at school B. are mostly not in education, employment or training C. are more likely to be unemployed than wealthy peers D. have equal employment chances with similar qualifications ‎44. What does the author want to stress in the passage?‎ A. The benefits of being wealthy. B. The existence of employment gap.‎ C. The meaning of having qualifications. D. The importance of educational equality.‎ ‎【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。一项研究表明，来自弱势背景的年轻人与来自富裕背景的年轻人相比，更容易成为不升学、不就业、不进修或参加就业辅导的社会族群。他们不可能获得较好的学历和资质，也不可能获得良好的就业机会。就业差距依然存在。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第二段“A report by Impetus, a charity that supports young people from disadvantaged backgrounds, found that 26% of those on free school meals (FSM) were not in education, employment, or training (Neet) after leaving school. In contrast, only 13% of non-FSM children ended up Neet.”可知，一家支持贫困家庭年轻人的慈善机构Impetus的一份报告表明，26%享受免费学校午餐的人在离开学校后更容易成为不升学、不就业、不进修或参加就业辅导的社会族群。相比之下，只有13%的非享受免费学校午餐的人在离开学校后成为不升学、不就业、不进修或参加就业辅导的社会族群。所以通过对比报告中的数据可以判断出，作者在第2段中提到了Impetus报告目的是提供证据以此支持上文中的研究结果。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第三段“The study found that young people from disadvantaged backgrounds were less likely to get good qualifications, but even when they had the same qualifications as their better-off peers,”可知，研究发现，来自弱势背景的年轻人不太可能获得良好的学历，但是即使他们拥有与富裕同龄人相同的学历。所以通过关键词“ better-off peers”可以判断出，这是在对比穷人和富人。故“People from disadvantaged backgrounds”指的是穷人。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第一段“they were still 50% more likely to be out of education and employment as other young adults”可知，他们与其他年轻人一样失去教育和就业的可能性仍高出50%。所以根据这项研究，来自弱势背景的年轻人比富裕的同龄人更有可能失业。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段“the employment gap remains”可知，一项研究表明，来自弱势背景的年轻人与来自富裕背景的年轻人相比，更容易成为不升学、不就业、不进修或参加就业辅导的社会族群。他们不可能获得较好的学历和资质，也不可能获得良好的就业机会。就业差距依然存在。所以作者在文章中想强调就业差距的存在。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】通过对关键词的对比或者比较是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法，通过对事物的对比，能够判断出事物的不同点，差距等，意在突出对方的优点或者缺点。‎ 由第三段“The study found that young people from disadvantaged backgrounds were less ‎ likely to get good qualifications, but even when they had the same qualifications as their better-off peers,”可知，研究发现，来自弱势背景的年轻人不太可能获得良好的学历，但是即使他们拥有与富裕同龄人相同的学历。所以通过关键词“ better-off peers”可以判断出，这是在对比穷人和富人。故“People from disadvantaged backgrounds”指的是穷人。故D选项为小题2的正确选项。‎ D Charles Dickens’ joy at first arriving in Boston Harbor in 1842 reads like Ebenezer Scrooge’s awakening on Christmas morning. Biographer Peter Ackroyd reports that he flew up the steps of the Tremont House Hotel, sprang into the hall and greeted a curious crowd with a bright “Here we are!” He took to the streets that twinkling midnight in his shaggy fur coat, shouting out the names on shop signs, pulling bell-handles of doors as he passed—excited with laughter—and even screamed with (one imagines) astonishment and delight at the sight of the old South Church. He had set at last upon the shores of “the Republic of my imagination.”‎ Though not quite 30, Dickens was a literary rock star, the most famous writer in the world, who landed like a conquering hero in a country swept up in an extreme “Boz-o-mania”. He wrote to his best friend, John Forster, that he didn’t know how to describe “the crowds that pour in and out the whole day; of the people that line the streets when I went out; of the cheering when I went to the theatre; letters of congratulations, welcomes of all kinds, balls, dinners, assemblies without end.” When Bostonians renamed their city “Boz-town”, New Yorkers determined to “outdollar…and outshine them”. Their great Boz Ball boasted flags, flowers, a huge portrait of the author with a bald eagle overhead, 22 tableaux (场景) from the great author’s works. “If I should live to grow old,” Dickens said, “the scenes of this and other evenings will shine as brightly to my dull eyes 50 years hence as now.” ①‎ The Spirit of the Times wrote of it: “This most extraordinary fashionable, brilliant, unique, eye-dazzling, heart-delighting, superb, foolish and ridiculous celebration…came off at the Park Theatre, New York, on Monday evening.” But, the ‎ reporter predicted, “Such were silly-minded Americans, and such the ridiculous respect paid to a foreigner, who will probably return home and write a book abusing the whole nation for the excesses of a few fools.” ②‎ In fact, Dickens wrote two.‎ ‎③ Apart from the country’s great writers, he found Americans ill-mannered and invading his privacy. “I am so surrounded by people that I am exhausted from want of air.” Dickens complained to Forster. “I go to church for quiet, and there is a violent rush to the neighborhood of the bench I sit in. I take my seat in a railroad car, and the very conductor won’t leave me alone. I can’t drink a glass of water without having a hundred people looking down my throat.”‎ ‎④ He disliked Americans’ table manners and the tobacco spit everywhere he looked — on even the sidewalks of the nation’s capital, where he found party politics corrupting everything, its leaders “the lice (虱子) of God’s creation,” and “despicable (卑鄙的) trickery at elections.”‎ Even worse, everyone wanted a piece of the action, from Tiffany’s selling unauthorized copies of his bust (半身像) , to a barber selling locks of his hair. “I never knew what it was to feel disgust and contempt (蔑视),” Dickens said, “till I traveled in America.” When he departed in June, he left behind all notions of an Arcadian realm he now regarded as “a vast counting house” full of nothing but “cheaters and bores.” (See: A Christmas Carol.)‎ Americans had soured on him, too. Dickens never missed an opportunity to accuse American publishers of openly pirating his novels to sell for mere pennies, with no recompense to the author at all. The press took offense. Within a month of his arrival, Dickens were laughed at for his “foppish” clothing and effeminate hair, described as “no gentleman,” “a contemptible Cockney (伦敦佬).”‎ ‎45. When Dickens arrived in America, he was __________.‎ A. amused and cautious B. aggressive but disappointed C. content but stressed D. delighted and curious ‎46. From paragraph 2 and 3, we can learn __________.‎ A. Americans went crazy and welcomed Dickens with open arms B. New Yorkers built a park theatre in honor of Dickens C. Americans went to Boston and New York to visit Dickens D. Americans all praised Dickens and his visit to America to the skies ‎47. Where can the sentence “His love affair with an idealized America was short-lived and hard-felt.”most probably be put?‎ A. ① B. ②‎ C. ③ D. ④‎ ‎48. Which of the following is a possible factor for the change in Dickens’s opinion on America?‎ A. He stayed there too long and gradually lost interest.‎ B. His prejudice against America accumulated over time.‎ C. He finally found his American dream a reality rather than a fantasy.‎ D. He found his experiences there in contradiction to previous imagination.‎ ‎49. Which of the following is the correct order of the things that happened?‎ a. Charles Dickens set foot in Boston Harbor.‎ b. Dickens and Americans soured on each other.‎ c. Dickens felt uncomfortable for excessive concern.‎ d. Americans admired Dickens and treated him royally.‎ e. Dickens became the most famous writer in the world.‎ A. a—b—c—d—e B. e—a—d—c—b C. a—c—e—b—d D. e—a—c—d—b ‎50. Which of the following can best describe the relationship between Dickens and Americans?‎ A. Faults are sick when love is thin. B. Beauty lies in the lover’s eyes.‎ C. Love me little and love me long D. Hatred is blind as well as love.‎ ‎【答案】45. D 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。狄更斯，一位文学界的摇滚巨星，空降到他向往已久的“共和国”——美国。这个国度没有负他，报他以万分的热情：各种光环与花团锦簇、献诗贺信、崇拜追捧……他却对美国生厌，甚至生恨。不满意达到两本书的厚度。短文介绍了狄更斯憎恨美国人的原因。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第一段“Charles Dickens’ joy at first arriving in Boston Harbor in 1842 reads like Ebenezer Scrooge’s awakening on Christmas morning. Biographer Peter Ackroyd reports that he flew up the steps of the Tremont House Hotel, sprang into the hall and greeted a curious crowd with a bright “Here we are!” He took to the streets that twinkling midnight in his shaggy fur coat, shouting out the names on shop signs, pulling bell-handles of doors as he passed—excited with laughter—and even screamed with (one imagines) astonishment and delight at the sight of the old South Church. He had set at last upon the shores of “the Republic of my imagination.”可知，1842年，狄更斯初到波士顿港时的无限喜悦之情，读来仿佛埃比尼泽·斯克鲁奇在圣诞节早上醒来时的心情一般。传记作者彼得·阿克罗伊德写道，他飞上特里蒙特饭店的台阶，跳进大堂，向好奇的人们欢快地招呼道，“我们见面啦！” 在那个繁星点点的夜半，他身着破旧的毛皮大衣，跑到街上，蹦蹦跳跳越过冻得硬邦邦的雪，叫嚷着店铺招牌的名字，不时拉一拉街边的门铃把手——他笑得很开心人们以为）他见到老南教堂时，甚至满是惊奇、喜悦地大喊起来。他终于来到“想象中的共和国”的岸上了。所以狄更斯来到美国时高兴又好奇。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段和第三段“He wrote to his best friend, John Forster, that he didn’t know how to describe “the crowds that pour in and out the whole day; of the people that line the streets when I went out; of the cheering when I went to the theatre; letters of congratulations, welcomes of all kinds, balls, dinners, assemblies without end.” When Bostonians renamed their city “Boz-town”, New Yorkers determined to “outdollar…and outshine them”. Their great Boz Ball boasted flags, flowers, a huge portrait of the author with a bald eagle overhead, 22 tableaux (场景) from the great author’s works.‎ The Spirit of the Times wrote of it: “This most extraordinary, fashionable, brilliant, unique, eye-dazzling, heart-delighting, superb, foolish and ridiculous celebration…came off at the Park Theatre, New York, on Monday ‎ evening.”。可知，一整天里涌进涌出的人群；我出门时街上排队看我的人；我去戏院时人们的欢呼；各种献诗、贺信，各种欢迎，无尽的舞会、晚宴、聚会。”后来，波士顿人干脆把他们的城市改名为“博兹城”，这下，纽约人也坐不住了，他们决心“花更多钱……以更高规格接待”狄更斯。纽约的博兹厅里，满眼都是旗帜、鲜花、彩带、花环，还有一幅头顶上方盘旋着秃鹫的巨幅作者画像，屋顶上垂下用镀金绳链悬挂的枝形吊灯，厅中更是安放了来自这位伟大作家作品的22个经典场景。《时代精神》这样写道，“这场非凡、时尚、耀眼、独特、怪诞、妩媚、诱人、迷惑、炫目、喜乐、超级、愚蠢、荒唐的盛宴……于上周一晚，在纽约公园剧院举行。所以从第二段和第三段，我们可以了解到美国人疯狂地张开双臂欢迎狄更斯。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由倒数第四段“Apart from the country’s great writers, he found Americans ill-mannered and invading his privacy. “I am so surrounded by people that I am exhausted from want of air.” Dickens complained to Forster. “I go to church for quiet, and there is a violent rush to the neighborhood of the bench I sit in. I take my seat in a railroad car, and the very conductor won’t leave me alone. I can’t drink a glass of water without having a hundred people looking down my throat.”可知，除了大作家们之外，他感觉其他美国人都是恶臭、无礼，且常常侵犯他的隐私。“我被人们重重包围，连喘息的空档都没有。”狄更斯向福斯特抱怨说，“我想去教堂里安静一会儿，立刻就有一堆人猛冲到我坐的椅子附近。我在火车车厢里刚坐下，检票员就拉住我不放。我喝杯水，也得有上百人盯着我的嗓子看。”在乘汽船去大湖区的途中，他起床洗漱，妻子还在熟睡，却有一群人隔着船舱玻璃往里窥视。所以本段主要在说明狄更斯他与理想化了的美国的这场恋爱，短命而又难受。也就是③处本段的标题所要表达的内容。故“His love affair with an idealized America was short-lived and hard-felt”应放在③处。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段最后一句“He had set at last upon the shores of “the Republic of my imagination.”可知终于来到“想象中的共和国”的岸上了。以及倒数四段可知，而当他呆了一段时间之后去发现，他感觉其他美国人都是恶臭、无礼，且常常侵犯他的隐私。国人缺乏餐桌礼仪，而且他目光所及之处，都是人们嚼烟草后吐的口水——即便这国家首都的人行道上也都是唾迹斑。更糟糕的是，每个人都想从狄更斯身上揩油。美国人也开始憎恶他了。所以他在美国的经历与他以前所想象的美国完全不是一个样子。故判断出他在美国的经历与以前的想象自相矛盾可能是狄更斯对美国看法转变的一个因素。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第二段“Though not quite 30, Dickens was a literary rock star, the most famous writer in the world, ”第一段“Charles Dickens’ joy at first arriving in Boston Harbor in 1842 ”第二段“He wrote to his best friend, John Forster, that he didn’t know how to describe “the crowds that pour in and out the whole day; of the people that line the streets when I went out; of the cheering when I went to the theatre; letters of congratulations, welcomes of all kinds, balls, dinners, assemblies without end.” When Bostonians renamed their city “Boz-town”, New Yorkers determined to “outdollar…and outshine them”. Their great Boz Ball boasted flags, flowers, a huge portrait of the author with a bald eagle overhead, 22 tableaux (场景) from the great author’s works.”倒数第四段“he found Americans ill-mannered and invading his privacy”以及最后段“Americans had soured on him, too”可知，那时，他年不满30，却已是文学界的摇滚巨星，世界最有名的作家。1842年，狄更斯初到波士顿港时的无限喜悦之情。美国人崇拜他，像国王一样地招待他。狄更斯对过分的关心感到不安。美国与狄更斯开始憎恶彼此。故B选项是事情发生的正确顺序。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，狄更斯，一位文学界的摇滚巨星，空降到他向往已久的“共和国”——美国。这个国度没有负他，报他以万分的热情：各种光环与花团锦簇、献诗贺信、崇拜追捧……他却对美国生厌，甚至生恨。不满意达到两本书的厚度。所以A选项“一朝情义淡,样样不顺眼”最能描述美国人和狄更斯的关系。故A选项正确。‎ 第II卷（非选择题，共35分）‎ 第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。‎ A fresh-faced batch of teenagers just began a new school year, but will they get the most out of it? In the mornings, many are forced to get to school much too early. And at night, screens are a temptation that’s hard to resist. This double whammy (双重灾难) is a perfect lesson in sleep deprivation (剥夺).‎ Three out of every four students in grades 9 to 12 fail to sleep the minimum of eight hours that the American Academy of Medicine recommends for their age group.‎ ‎ In most cases, insufficient sleep results in reduced attention, preventing students’ progress and lowering grades. More alarmingly, sleep deprivation may lead to physical and emotional problems.‎ It is important to understand why teenagers have a particularly hard time getting enough sleep, and what adults need to do to help. First, a reminder of the basic biology: Adolescents are no longer the morning larks of their younger years. They become rewired as night owls, staying awake later and then sleeping in. This is mostly driven by changes in the way the brain responds to light.‎ New technology habits aren’t helping. More teenagers now turn to activities involving screens at night. The growth in screen time is particularly problematic for sleep. The blue light emitted by LEDs, TVs, tablets and smartphones suppresses the body’s secretion (分泌) of melatonin, the hormone that signals it’s time to sleep. Overdosing on screens at night effectively tells the brain it’s still daytime, delaying the body’s cues to sleep even further.‎ Parents should inform their kids of the time that can be spent on screens, and praise children who show signs of regulating their own media consumption. In the hour before bedtime, there should be a suspension on bright lights in the home, avoiding devices and harsh LED bulbs in kitchens and bathrooms.‎ In 2016, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that middle and high schools start no earlier than 8:30 a.m., a policy now backed by the American Medical Association and many other health organizations.‎ Parents also need to join forces with community leaders, sleep scientists, health professionals and educators to put school start times on the local, then state agendas.‎ Whenever schools have managed the transition to a later start time, students get more sleep, attendance goes up, grades improve and there is a significant reduction in car accidents.‎ Title Let Teenagers Sleep In Introduction The ____51____ of students fail to have enough sleep.‎ Consequences of insufficient sleep ‎★Lacking sleep, students fail to ____52____ on their study, progress prevented and grades lowered.‎ ‎★Deprived of sleep, students are ___53___ to suffer from physical and emotional problems.‎ Reasons for lacking sleep ‎★Biologically, adolescents tend to sleep late and get up ___54___, which can’t meet the actual needs.‎ ‎★Long ____55____ to the blue light from screens prevents the body’s secretion of the hormone sending sleeping signals.‎ ‎____56____to the problem ‎★Parents should set real ___57___ on screen time, and praise children who can regulate their own media consumption.‎ ‎★Before bedtime, parents should create a healthy environment ___58___ from bright or too strong lights.‎ ‎★Joint efforts should be made to ____59____ the school start time until, say, 8:30 a.m.‎ Conclusion Changes on school start time will ___60___both students and society although there is a long way to go.‎ ‎【答案】51. majority ‎ ‎52. focus/ concentrate ‎ ‎53. likely 54. late ‎ ‎55. exposure ‎ ‎56. Solutions/ Approaches ‎ ‎57. limits/restrictions ‎ ‎58. free 59. delay/ postpone ‎ ‎60. benefit/ profit ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。短文介绍了大多数学生都存在睡眠不足的现象，并分析了睡眠不足所产生的后果、原因、以及解决措施。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由第一段“In the mornings, many are forced to get to school much too early”以及第二段“Three out of every four students in grades 9 to 12 fail to sleep the minimum of eight hours that the American Academy of Medicine recommends for their age group”可知，在早晨，许多人被迫提前上学。九年级至十二年级的学生中，有四分之三的人睡眠不足的时间达不到美国医学研究院建议的八小时的睡眠时间。所以通过“many ,Three out of every four students”可知，大多数学生睡眠不足。故填 majority。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由第二段“In most cases, insufficient sleep results in reduced attention”可知，在大多数情况下，睡眠不足会导致注意力下降。所以通过“ reduced attention”可知，由于缺乏睡眠，学生们不能集中精力学习。故填focus/ concentrate。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由第二段“More alarmingly, sleep deprivation may lead to physical and emotional problems.”可知，更令人担忧的是，睡眠不足可能导致身体和情感问题。所以通过“may”可知，学生缺乏睡眠，学生很可能遭受身体和情感问题。故填likely。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由第三段“They become rewired as night owls, staying awake later and then sleeping in.”可知，他们变得像夜猫子一样，熬夜，然后睡懒觉。所以通过“sleeping in”可知，青少年起的很晚。故填late。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由第四段“The blue light emitted by LEDs, TVs, tablets and smartphones suppresses the body’s secretion (分泌) of melatonin, the hormone that signals it’s time to sleep.‎ ‎ ”可知，LED、电视、平板电脑和智能手机发出的蓝光会抑制人体的褪黑激素分泌，这种激素是一种向睡眠时间发出信号的激素。所以通过“ emitted”可知，长时间暴露在屏幕上的蓝光中，可以防止人体分泌激素发出睡眠信号。故填exposure。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由倒数第四段和第三段以及第二段的内容可知，这三段主要在讨论对孩子睡眠不足的具体解决措施。故填Solutions/Approaches。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由倒数第四段“Parents should inform their kids of the time that can be spent on screens,”可知，家长应该告知孩子们可以在屏幕上花费的时间。所以通过“inform”可知，家长应该对孩子可以在屏幕上花费的时间设定真正的限制。故填limits/restrictions。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由倒数第四段“In the hour before bedtime, there should be a suspension on bright lights in the home, avoiding devices and harsh LED bulbs in kitchens and bathrooms.”可知，在就寝前一小时，应该把家里明亮的灯悬挂起来，避免厨房和浴室里的设备和刺眼的LED灯泡。所以通过“avoiding”可知，睡前，父母应该创造一个没有明亮或强光的健康环境。故填free。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由倒数第三段“In 2016, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that middle and high schools start no earlier than 8:30 a.m”可知，2016年，美国儿科学会建议初中和高中的上课时间不要早于上午8:30。所以通过“no earlier than”可知，应该共同努力把开学时间推迟到，比如说上午8:30。故填delay/ postpone。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由最后段“Whenever schools have managed the transition to a later start time, students get more sleep, attendance goes up, grades improve and there is a significant reduction in car accidents.”可知，只要学校把上课时间推迟，学生就会有更多的睡眠时间，出勤率就会上升，成绩就会提高，车祸也会大大减少。所以通过“students get more sleep, attendance goes up, grades improve and there is a significant reduction in car ‎ accidents”关键信息的归纳总结。可知，尽管还有很长的路要走，但是改变上课时间对学生和社会都有益处。故填 benefit/ profit。‎ ‎【点睛】任务型阅读是对已阅读信息的二次加工的过程，它要求考生归纳概括文中要点，整合零散信息并且把系统化的信息以表格等形式有序地表述出来，使零散信息条理化、明朗化、简单化和形象化。通过阅读表格等形式使读者迅速理清文章结构，获取主要信息，抓住段落主题，了解文章的大意。其中信息归纳题为任务型阅读常见的题型。‎ 信息归纳题。1.解题关键：根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西。2.归纳词的特征。1，概括性。2，针对性。3，醒目性。‎ 由最后段“Whenever schools have managed the transition to a later start time, students get more sleep, attendance goes up, grades improve and there is a significant reduction in car accidents.”可知，只要学校把上课时间推迟，学生就会有更多的睡眠，出勤率就会上升，成绩就会提高，车祸也会大大减少。所以通过“students get more sleep, attendance goes up, grades improve and there is a significant reduction in car accidents”关键信息的归纳总结，可知，尽管还有很长的路要走，但是改变上课时间对学生和社会都有益处。故填 benefit/ profit。‎ 第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎61.请认真阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ A good book can expose readers to a weird (不可思议的) place — a place which you could call art or fiction. I call it wonder, for those moments where a story — no matter how strange — has some semblance (样子) of truth, and then you’re able to believe it. It’s not just kids who can get there. Adults can too, and we get there when we read. It’s why people will take the walking tour of Bloomsday and see everything that happened in Ulysses. Or people visit Baker Street to see Sherlock Holmes’ apartment. We know these characters aren’t real, but we have real feelings about them.‎ There is a word called metafiction (超小说) and that’s just stories about stories. And one metafictive technique is breaking the fourth wall. If I am going to break down the fourth wall, I want fiction to escape and come into the real world. I want a book to be a secret door that opens and lets stories out into reality.‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1.用约30个单词概述上文的主要内容；‎ ‎2.用约120个单词发表你对好书的看法，内容包括：‎ ‎（1）好书的影响表现在哪些方面；‎ ‎（2）就如何挑选一本好书，给出2-3个建议 ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎3.不必写标题 ‎【评分标准】‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇规范，词数适当 ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】 A good book can open a secret door to a weird and wonderful world where a soul can experience what it might have no access to otherwise in the real world, helping readers to grow.‎ The saying “Books are the ladder of human progress.” clearly indicates how good it is to read a book. For one thing, books are the heritage of mankind, which expands our knowledge, broadens our minds and shapes our character. For another, the mystery in books empowers and encourages readers to explore a new world and beyond, overcoming all challenges along the way.‎ As to selecting an appropriate book, a high priority, personally, should be given to interest which could be reading motivation. Equally important is the help that a book can offer to those desire to have mental communication with great minds, their mind world thereby edified and purified. Let’s approach and open a secret door. (151w)‎ ‎【解析】‎ 分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。短文阐述了一本好书对于读者的影响以及如何选择一本适合自己的书。‎ ‎【详解】第一题 第一步：阅读 ‎1．认真阅读给定的原文材料，如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍；阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。‎ ‎2．划出那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子；决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要了；对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。‎ ‎3．简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括概要写作重要的东西。‎ 第二步：写作步骤 浏览课文，找出主题：短文阐述了一本好书对于读者影响。‎ ‎2. 分析文章的结构，把它分成几个部分，找出每个部分的主要思想，用你自己的文字简短地写出来。本文主要分为两部分。第一部分A good book can open a secret door to a weird and wonderful world 。第二部分：a soul can experience what it might have no access to otherwise in the real world, helping readers to grow。‎ ‎3. 按照逻辑顺序组织将主要部分或者相关支持点用最短的连接词进行连接。如：and, where。‎ 第三步：修改成文 草稿拟好以后，对它进行修改。‎ 首先，与原文比较看是否把所有重要的观点都概括了，概要写作中的观点是否与原文中的完全一致。‎ 其次，如果出现了不必要的词汇、短语或长句子，删除它们，保持语言简单明了。‎ 最后，检查拼写、语法和标点符号的错误。‎ 第二题 第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，（1）好书的影响表现在哪些方面；（2）就如何挑选一本好书，给出2-3个建议。第二，人称为第三人称。第三，时态为一般现在时。‎ 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段。好书的影响。第二段，好书的影响表现在哪些方面。第三段，就如何挑选一本好书，给出2-3个建议。‎ 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语:appropriate, motivation，indicate，empowers, encourages，edify, purify，soul, experience, grow, a weird and wonderful, have no access to,, heritage of mankind, expands our knowledge, broadens our minds, shape our character, explore a new world, overcome all challenges,，have mental communication with great minds。‎ 第四步：确定较为高级的句子: where 引导定语从句和what 引导的宾语从句A good book can open a secret door to a weird and wonderful world where a soul can experience what it might have no access to otherwise in the real world, helping readers to grow. how 引导的宾语从句The saying “Books are the ladder of human progress.” clearly indicates how good it is to read a book.  Which 引导的定语从句For one thing, books are the heritage of mankind, which expands our knowledge, broadens our minds and shapes our character。‎ 第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接:For one thing，For another。‎ 第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。‎ ‎【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:where 引导定语从句和what 引导的宾语从句A good book can open a secret door to a weird and wonderful world where a soul can experience what it might have no access to otherwise in the real world, helping readers to grow. how 引导的宾语从句The saying “Books are the ladder of human progress.” clearly indicates how good it is to read ‎ a book.  Which 引导的非限制性定语从句For one thing, books are the heritage of mankind, which expands our knowledge, broadens our minds and shapes our character。‎ 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。‎ ‎ ‎