高考英语一轮复习精讲学案:倒装

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高考英语一轮复习精讲学案:倒装

倒 装 下列情况句子需要全部倒装 ‎(1)表示方位的副词(如there,here,up,down,out,in,away等)位于句首,句子谓语是go,come,run等表示位置的动词,可将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。‎ There goes phone again.It’s not stopping ringing all morning.‎ 电话铃又响了。整个上午都响个不停。‎ There remains the possibility that mistakes have been made.‎ 仍然有可能出了差错。‎ Here comes the train to Beijing.去北京的火车来了。‎ There goes the bell.铃响了。‎ Down came the rain.下雨了。‎ 但主语是人称代词时,主语仍置于动词之前。‎ Here he comes.他来了。‎ Here it comes.它来了。‎ ‎(2)由一些表示方位的介词短语引起。‎ In the middle of the mountain lies a temple.‎ 山里有座庙。‎ Inside the temple live many monks.庙里有很多和尚。‎ ‎(3)一些作表语的形容词放在句首。‎ Seated in the lecture hall are hundreds of students.‎ 演讲大厅里坐着数百名学生。‎ Present at the conference were many famous people.‎ 出席会谈的是很多著名人士。‎ 下列情况需要部分倒装 ‎(1)句子以never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely等否定意义的副词以及by no means,not until,not a word,not a single等否定词开头的词组一般都用部分倒装语序。‎ Never in all my life have I felt so humiliated.‎ 我这辈子从未感到如此受辱。‎ Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.‎ 一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。‎ Not a word did he say at the last meeting.‎ 在上次会议上他一句话都没说。‎ ‎(2)hardly...when,no sooner...than,not only...but also引导两个分句时,将前一个分句中的主谓作部分倒装,后一个分句中的主谓语序不变。‎ Hardly had he began to speak when his father stopped him.‎ 他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。‎ No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.‎ 我刚刚离开家就下雨了。‎ ‎(3)当句子用so,nor,neither开头,来说明前面一句话中谓语表示的情况,也适用于另外一些人或物时,主语和谓语部分倒装,这时谓语只是用助动词、情态动词或系动词来表示。其常见句型是:so/neither/nor+be (have/do等助动词或情态动词)+主语。‎ Frank adores dogs and so does his wife.‎ 弗兰克非常爱狗,他妻子也一样。‎ She couldn’t work out the answer,and nor could I.‎ 她算不出答案,我也算不出。‎ ‎(4)当only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时,采用部分倒装形式。‎ Only then did I realize the importance.‎ 只有那时我才意识到重要性。‎ Only when I see it with my only eyes do I believe it.‎ 只有亲眼见到,我才相信。‎ ‎(5)在so...that引导的结果状语从句中,当为了强调把so提到句首时,主谓要倒装。‎ So moved was she that she could not say a word.‎ 她激动得一句话也说不出来。‎ So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.他的声音那么大,连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。‎ So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.光速如此之快,我们很难想像。‎ So frightened is he in the darkness that he dare not say a word.‎ 他在黑暗中十分害怕,一句话都不敢说。‎ ‎(6)as引导让步状语从句时句子要用倒装语序,即要将从句中的表语、状语或从句中的动词提到as的前面。在as引导的让步状语从句中,作表语的单数可数名词前不用任何冠词。‎ Try as she might,Sue couldn’t get the door open.‎ 无论苏怎么努力,她都打不开门。‎ Popular as he is,the President hasn’t always managed to have his own way.‎ 尽管总统很受人欢迎,但他也并非总按自己的方式办事。‎ ‎(7)在省略if的条件状语从句中,were,had或should要提到句首构成倒装。‎ Had you come a few minutes earlier,you would have seen him.‎ 如果你早来几分钟,你会见到他。‎ Should he be here next week,he would help us.‎ 如果他下周来这儿,他就帮助我们。‎ ‎1.(2009年上海卷)Hearing the dog barking fiercely,away________.‎ A.fleeing the thief    B.was fleeing the thief C.the thief was fleeing D.fled the thief ‎【解析】 句意为:听到狗的狂叫声,小偷逃掉了。本题考查了全部倒装句。表地点方位的副词away放句首时,句子要全部倒装。正常的语序是:The thief fled away.‎ ‎【答案】 D ‎2.(2009年全国卷Ⅰ)The computer was used in teaching.As a result,not only________,but students became more interested in the lessons.‎ A.saved was teachers’ energy ‎ B.was teachers’ energy saved C.teachers’ energy was saved ‎ D.was saved teachers’ energy ‎【解析】 句意为:电脑被应用于教学中。结果,不仅节省了老师的精力,学生也对课堂更感兴趣了。此题考查not only用于句首时的倒装结构,not only用于句首时后面的句子必须用部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】 B ‎3.(2009年重庆卷)Unsatisfied________with the payment,he took the job just to get some work experience.‎ A.though was he B.though he was C.he was though D.was he though ‎【解析】 句意为:尽管对工资不满意,但为了获得工作经验,他还是接受了这份工作。本题考查though引导状语从句可用倒装的形式,即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首,但主谓顺序不变。though引导的从句也可以不倒装,前半句可写为:Though he was unsatisfied with the payment。‎ ‎【答案】 B ‎4.(2009年山东卷)So sudden________that the enemy had no time to escape.‎ A.did the attack     B.the attack did C.was the attack D.the attack was ‎【解析】 句意为:这次袭击非常突然以至于敌人没有时间逃跑。so+adj.放于句首时,主句倒装。sudden是形容词,在句中作表语,故应用was。‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎5.(2009年福建卷)For a moment nothing happened.Then________all shouting together.‎ A.voices had come B.came voices C.voices would come D.did voices come ‎【解析】 句意为:那会儿,什么都没发生。之后大家一起欢呼起来。本题考查倒装句型,副词then,away,out,in 等置于句首,且主语是名词时,主谓要全部倒装。‎ ‎【答案】 B ‎6.(2009年江苏卷)Distinguished guests and friends,welcome to our school.________the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.‎ A.Attend B.To attend C.Attending D.Having attended ‎【解析】 句意为:尊敬的来宾朋友们,欢迎莅临我校。今天早上参加50周年庆典的是来自国内外的校友。本句为倒装句,正常的语序应该是:Our alumni from home and abroad are attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning.‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎7.(2009年四川卷)Not until I came home last night________to bed.‎ A.Mum did go B.did Mum go C.went Mum D.Mum went ‎【解析】 句意为:昨晚妈妈直到我回家才上床睡觉。not until引导状语从句且提前置于句首需要部分倒装,又因为时态是过去时(从came可知),所以要将助动词did提前。‎ ‎【答案】 B ‎8.(2008年上海卷)So much of interest________that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.‎ A.offers Beijing B.Beijing offers C.does Beijing offer D.Beijing does offer ‎【解析】 so much置于句首,后面的句子应用部分倒装,即将助动词、情态动词提到主语前面。‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎9.(2008年陕西卷)Not until the motorbike looked almost new________repairing and cleaning it.‎ A.he stopped B.did he stop C.stopped he D.he did stop ‎【解析】 句意为:他把摩托车擦洗和修补得像新的一样才停止下来。not until引导的状语(或状语从句)放在句首,主句部分需部分倒装,所以只有B符合题意。‎ ‎【答案】 B ‎10.(2007年安徽卷)Little________that we were watching his every move,so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.‎ A.he realized B.he didn’t realize C.didn’t he realize D.did he realize ‎【解析】 本题考查倒装结构。否定词little位于句首时句子要部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】 D ‎1.(2010届重庆一中期中测试)Not until he called the secretary three times________that the manager went to an important meeting.‎ A.did he tell B.he told C.was he told D.he was told ‎【解析】 否定词not置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装,加之he与tell为动宾关系,故主句应用被动语态;所以选C。‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎2.(2010届福建部分重点中学联考)Only under special circumstances________to take makeup tests.‎ A.are freshmen permitted ‎ ‎ B.permitted are freshmen C.freshmen are permitted ‎ ‎ D.are permitted freshmen ‎【解析】 only后面跟状语位于句首时,句子要部分倒装,故答案为A。‎ ‎【答案】 A ‎3.(2010届江西高安中学月考)—Did you see who the driver was?‎ ‎—No,so quickly________that I couldn’t get a good look at his face.‎ A.does the car speed by B.the car sped by C.did the car speed by D.the car speeds by ‎【解析】 考查倒装句。句型so...that...中so与其后形容词或副词置于句首时,主句部分采用部分倒装结构;此句时态为一般过去时,借助于助动词did构成倒装句。‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎4.(2010届江西上高二中月考)________he is,________he can do something that grownups do.‎ A.A boy as;but B.A boy though;yet C.Boy as;yet D.Boy as;but ‎【解析】 考查特殊句式。句意为:虽然他只是一个孩子,但是他可以做一些成年人做的事情。前半句是as引导的让步状语从句,表语前置;此处表语为名词,其前不加冠词。此结构可以和yet,still等连用,但不可与but连用。‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎5.(2010届九江地区联考)Hardly________the phone________I was told that the hotel had been booked full.‎ A.I had picked up;when ‎ B.had I picked up;then C.had I picked up;when ‎ ‎ D.I had picked up;then ‎【解析】 考查倒装句和固定句式。本句使用了“hardly...when...”句式,表示“刚一……就……”;当否定副词hardly放在句首时,主句要用倒装结构,因此选C。近年高考试题的单项填空部分有不少试题都呈现“复合型”,一个试题中考查两个或多个语法知识。‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎6.(2010届抚州地区联考)Only when class began________that he had left his book at home.‎ A.will he realize B.he did realize C.did he realize D.should he realize ‎【解析】 考查倒装句,当only+状语位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装形式。‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎7.(2010年皖南八校第二次联考)Little________about H1N1 so far,so there is no doubt that many people are afraid when talking about the disease.‎ A.did scientists known ‎ B.scientists have known C.have scientists known ‎ D.had scientists known ‎【解析】 本题考查时态和倒装。根据关键词so far,可以确定用现在完成时,故排除A、D两项;little表示否定,放句首要倒装。‎ ‎【答案】 C ‎8.(2009年福州检测)“By no means,” declared the captain.“________give way to disappointment.”‎ A.we would B.we will C.might we D.shall we ‎【解析】 考查倒装句型。by no means位于句首句子要倒装,根据句意应该用shall we。‎ ‎【答案】 D ‎9.(2009年南昌二模)Not until he called the secretary three times________that the manager went to an important meeting.‎ A.did he tell B.he told C.was he told D.he was told ‎ ‎【解析】 考查倒装。not until 置于句首,句子要部分倒装;he 与tell之间存在着动宾关系,要用被动语态,所以答案为C。‎ ‎【答案】  C ‎10.(2009年绵阳市第三次诊断)________,she talks a lot about her favorite singers after she went home.‎ A.A quiet student as she may be B.Quiet as she may be a student C.Be a quiet student as she may D.Quiet student as she may be ‎【解析】 考查倒装结构。句意为:尽管她是个寡言的学生,但回家后关于她喜欢的歌手她也谈了很多。该倒装结构为:adj.+n.(单数)+as+主语+谓语。‎ ‎【答案】 D ‎11.(2009年西安八校联考二)By the side of the Bird’s Nest________,completed in 2008.‎ A.there standing the Water Cube B.does the Water Cube stand C.the Water Cube stands D.stands the Water Cube ‎【解析】 考查倒装。由于地点状语前置,句子应采用全部倒装语序,即把整个谓语放在主语之前。语境为:鸟巢的旁边就是2008年建成的水立方。‎ ‎【答案】 D ‎12.(2009年福州检测)Many people agree that never in history________a more splendid opening ceremony than that of the Beijing Olympics.‎ A.there were        B.has there been C.there has been D.were there ‎【解析】 考查倒装结构。在从句中,否定副词never置于句首,所以要用部分倒装。‎ ‎【答案】 B ‎13.(2009年苏州模拟)Not a single word________when he left home and joined the army in 1941.‎ A.did he leave B.left he C.did leave he D.he left ‎【解析】 考查倒装语序。not a single word位于句首时,句子的主语与谓语应该使用部分倒装语序。‎ ‎【答案】 A ‎14.(2009年南通三模)We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case________from practice.‎ A.should theory separate ‎ B.should theory be separated C.theory should separate ‎ D.theory should be separated ‎【解析】 考查倒装结构。从in no case可知,后面的句子应用部分倒装,同时theory和separate为动宾关系,应用被动结构,故选B项。‎ ‎【答案】 B ‎15.(2009年东北三校联考)—Can I smoke here?‎ ‎—No.In no circumstances________in the library.‎ A.smoking permits ‎ B.smoking is permitted C.does smoking permit ‎ D.is smoking permitted ‎【解析】 考查倒装句。in no circumstances 表示否定,意思是“决不,在任何情况下都不”,放在句首时,句子要倒装,由此排除A、B两项;根据句意可知,permit应该用于被动语态,所以D项正确。‎ ‎【答案】 D
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