高中英语Unit3Invento练习 人教版选修8

高中英语Unit3Invento练习 人教版选修8

Section Ⅳ　Grammar & Writing 课时作业 Ⅰ. 单句语法填空 ‎1．When the ice is heated above freezing(freeze) point, it begins to change into a liquid state. ‎ ‎2．Your suggestion sounds reasonable and practical (practice). I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting. ‎ ‎3. He took measures to make up his fault, which received our recognition (recognize)．‎ ‎4．He has little expectation (expect) of passing the exam. ‎ ‎5．The bus came to an abrupt (abruptly) stop, making many passengers fall off their seats. ‎ ‎6．I'd like to place things where it is convenient (convenience) to get them. ‎ ‎7．Students should be cautious (caution) not to make mistakes in spelling. ‎ ‎8．He has achieved what he set about doing(do) three years ago. ‎ ‎9．Read this story, and you will realize that not everything can be bought with money. ‎ ‎10．Scientists have drawn a conclusion that smoking is greatly associated with lung cancer. ‎ Ⅱ. 阅读理解 A More than nine out of ten young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed, causing problems with sleep. A new survey also shows more than 28 million people in the UK regularly get no more than seven hours sleep a night. Prof Richard Wiseman，who commissioned the YouGov poll described the findings as “extremely worrying”. Of the 2,149 adults questioned, 78% said they used electronic devices before going to bed. This rose to 91% among the 18 to 24yearolds questioned in the survey. ‎ Getting less than seven hours sleep a night is below the recommended guidelines，and is associated with a range of problems，including an increased risk of weight gain，heart attacks, diabetes and cancer. “The blue light from these devices suppresses(压制) the production of the sleepinducing hormone melatonin, so it's important to avoid them before bedtime，” said Prof Richard Wiseman, from the ‎ 7‎ University of Hertfordshire. ‎ Everyone needs different amounts of sleep, but adults are generally thought to require a minimum of seven to eight hours a night. Teenagers are recommended to get more，about nine hours. The proportion(比例) of people thought to be getting too little sleep had risen by a fifth since a “bedroom poll” conducted last year by the National Sleep Foundation. ‎ Last week revealed opticians were warning that the overuse of smartphones may be increasing people's risk of eye damage. Optician Andy Hepworth said，“Blue violet light is potentially harmful to the back of your eyes. ” So over a long period of time it can damage your eyes. When you're looking at a smartphone，the light peaking out of that is blue violet. The news came as a survey of 2,000 people suggests under25s check their smartphones 32 times a day. ‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇科普说明文。文章讲了睡前使用智能手机会导致睡眠问题，并且引发很多身体疾病。‎ ‎1．The purpose of the passage is to________. ‎ A．stress that people don't use smartphones B．remind people of enough sleep C．ask people not to sleep too much D．tell people not to use smartphones before bed 解析：选D　写作意图题。根据第一段的第一句“More than nine out of ten young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed, causing problems with sleep. ”可知，超过90%的年轻人会在睡前玩智能手机，因此导致睡眠问题；据此可以判断，本文旨在告诉人们不要在睡前玩智能手机，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．According to a new survey, more than 28 million people in the UK get more than seven hours sleep a night. ‎ B．More than 90% of young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed. ‎ C．Of the 2,149 adults questioned, 91% said they used electronic devices before going to bed. ‎ D．The news came as a survey of 2,000 people suggests under25s check their smartphones 30 times a day. ‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句“More than nine out of ten young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed, causing problems 7‎ ‎ with sleep. ”可知，超过90%的年轻人会在睡前玩智能手机，故B项正确；根据第一段的第二句可知A项错误；根据第一段的倒数第二句可知C项错误；根据文章的最后一句可知D项错误。‎ ‎3．According to what Andy Hepworth said, the overuse of smartphones may be increasing people's risk of________. ‎ A．weight gain B．cancer C．eye damage D．heart attacks 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一、二句“Last week revealed opticians were warning that the overuse of smartphones may be increasing people's risk of eye damage. Optician Andy Hepworth said, ‘Blue violet light is potentially harmful to the back of your eyes. ’”可知，Andy Hepworth认为，过度使用智能手机会损伤眼睛，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．Teenagers are generally thought to get sleep of ________ a night. ‎ A．about 9 hours B．7～8 hours C．less than 7 hours D．more than 10 hours 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“Teenagers are recommended to get more, about nine hours. ”可知，青少年所需要的睡眠时间是每天大概9个小时，故A项正确。‎ B The principles about applying for jobs have altered greatly lately. In the past, people preferred a handwritten application letter. However, nowadays it is becoming more and more common to apply for a job through the Internet. You can find information on the Internet about how to apply for jobs. Information can be found about how to fulfill your application letter, the clothes that you should wear and how to carry out the interview itself. ‎ The importance of body language is often mentioned, but doesn't always get the attention it deserves. After all, before a word has even been spoken, your body language will have already given people their first impression of you. Additionally, your body language will also give out a lot more information. Based on your body language it can be seen if you are selfconfident. It can also show whether you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give an impression of whether you are speaking truthfully or not. Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are ‎ 7‎ a nice person, someone who will take his work seriously, but also someone who has a sense of humor and can enjoy a joke from time to time. The members of the application committee will ask you questions, but your answers won't only be oral. The committee will not only pay attention to what you say, but also to how you say it! Body language will determine first if it “clicks”， and sometimes all it takes is just a few seconds. Everybody uses body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious (下意识的) level. Using body language appropriately, you can definitely increase your chances of getting a job. ‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了如何找工作及面试时身体语言的重要性。‎ ‎5．What kind of people is the text mainly meant for?‎ A．Interviewers. ‎ B．Jobhunting people. ‎ C．Employers. ‎ D．Layoff workers. ‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。文章主要介绍了如何找工作及面试时身体语言的重要性，很明显是写给找工作的人，故选B。‎ ‎6．We can learn from the first paragraph that ________. ‎ A．handwritten letters are not used in finding a job ‎ B．the more expensive clothes interviewees wear, the better ‎ C．body language is more important than spoken words ‎ D．the Internet is of significance in applying for a job 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容特别是最后两句可知，网络对于找工作是非常重要的，故选D。‎ ‎7．Using body language well in a job interview will probably ________. ‎ A．get rid of the interviewers' prejudice ‎ B．determine what position one will get ‎ C．increase the possibility to get the wanted job ‎ D．help one remove nervousness 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，身体语言用得好会增加找到理想工作的机会，故选C。‎ ‎8．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．Those using body language are usually confident. ‎ B．Body language is often used on purpose in job hunting. ‎ C．Body language is a mirror to reflect one's personality. ‎ 7‎ D．People enjoying jokes are preferred in a job interview. ‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。通过第二段的内容，特别是第四、五、六句可知，身体语言可以体现人的个性，故选C。其他三项文中并未提及，故排除。‎ Ⅲ. 语法填空 Who Are My Neighbors?‎ ‎“Ring”the bell rang loudly. Everybody packed their bags and got ready to go home. When the teacher dismissed the 1. ________ (child), they lined up in two rows and 2. ________(walk)to the school gate. ‎ Usually David's mother would fetch him home 3. ________ school but today she was not there. David waited for 15 minutes before he walked home. ‎ When he reached home, he knocked on the door as he did not bring his keys. 4. ________ (surprise), no one answered the door. David thought his mother was in the toilet so he waited patiently for his mother. After a few minutes there was still no 5. ________ (respond). ‎ David knocked again but still no one answered the door. Just as he was about 6. ________ (go)to the nearby coffee shop where his father worked to get the keys, he heard the 7. ________ (friend)voice of his neighbor, John. ‎ David told 8. ________ (he)that no one was home and John's mother suggested that David should stay in their house till his mother came back. David and John played happily till evening when David's mother came back. ‎ Thanks to John and his family, David went back into his house. David's mother explained to David that she had 9. ________ backache and she had to see a doctor. From this experience, David learnt an important lesson, “Neighbors are people 10. ________ help each other. ”‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了邻里之间互相帮助的重要性。‎ ‎1．解析：考查名词单复数。由上文中的Everybody以及下文中的they可知不是一个小孩， 故应当用复数形式。‎ 答案：children ‎2．解析：考查动词的时态。空处与前面的lined up作并列谓语，应用一般过去时，故填walked。‎ 答案：walked ‎3．解析：考查介词。fetch sb. from school是固定用法，意为“接某人放学”。‎ 答案：from ‎4．解析：考查副词。修饰整个句子，‎ 7‎ ‎ 使用副词作状语。surprise先变成形容词surprising再加ly。‎ 答案：Surprisingly ‎5．解析：考查名词。空处前有系动词was, no后面使用名词作was的表语。‎ 答案：response ‎6．解析：考查不定式。此处是一个固定结构：be about to do sth. “即将做某事”。‎ 答案：to go ‎7．解析：考查形容词。此处修饰后面的名词voice, 指友好的声音， 使用friendly。‎ 答案：friendly ‎8．解析：考查代词。根据意义， 戴维告诉约翰他家里没有人， 动词后用代词的宾格形式，故填him，指约翰。‎ 答案：him ‎9．解析：考查冠词。have a backache意为“背疼”，是固定短语。‎ 答案：a ‎10．解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句， 指人， 在从句中作主语。‎ 答案：who Ⅳ. 书面表达 假定你是育才中学的学生李华。你的美国笔友Tom即将要来中国旅游。这是他第一次来中国旅行，不知道要做些什么准备，因此写信向你求助。请你根据以下要点给他提些建议：‎ ‎1. 表示欢迎；‎ ‎2. 准备事项(如衣食住行等方面)；‎ ‎3. 你的祝愿。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结束已为你写好，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Tom，‎ I'm glad to know that you are coming to China. ___________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua One possible version：‎ 7‎ Dear Tom，‎ I'm glad to know that you are coming to China. Knowing that you are wondering what preparations should be made for this journey，I'd like to offer you some advice. ‎ To begin with, I suggest that you should learn some basic Chinese, especially words and expressions for daily communication, which will help you avoid some unnecessary misunderstandings when travelling. What's more, it will be wonderful if you can check on the transportation in advance. China is such a large country that there are various means of transport, for which you'd better decide on your route and choose the suitable one. Last but not least, why don't you go to some Chinese restaurants in America and try the food there? This will help you better adapt to the eating habits in China. I hope you can find these suggestions helpful. ‎ In a word, good preparations will certainly contribute to an enjoyable journey. I sincerely hope that you can have an unforgettable experience in China. Looking forward to seeing you soon!‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 7‎