2018-2019学年江苏省宿迁市高二上学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

2018-2019学年江苏省宿迁市高二上学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

宿迁市2018~2019学年度第一学期期末考试 高二英语 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷 (选择题) 和第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题) 两部分，共120分。考试时间120分钟。‎ 第Ⅰ卷 （选择题，共85分）‎ 第一部分 听力（共20小题；每题1分, 满分20分）‎ 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. How much are the jackets?‎ A. $15. B. $25. C. $50.‎ ‎2. What was the weather like yesterday?‎ A. Warm and sunny. B. Cloudy and windy. C. Wet and cloudy.‎ ‎3. What does the man think of the food in the restaurant?‎ A. Terrible. B. Cheap. C. Expensive.‎ ‎4. What is the man doing?‎ A. Borrowing a book. B. Calling Macy. C. Leaving a message.‎ ‎5. What is the speakers’ impression of the museum?‎ A. Very old. B. Quite big. C. Quite modern.‎ 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。‎ ‎6. What is the woman’s final destination?‎ A. Xiamen. B. Shanghai. C. Nanjing.‎ ‎7. How much does the woman give the man?‎ A. 357 yuan. B. 400 yuan. C. 430 yuan.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。‎ ‎8. Who is Mr. Lee?‎ A. Mr. Black’s uncle. B. Mr. Black’s boss. C. Mr. Black’s ‎ neighbor.‎ ‎9. How long has Mr. Black been here?‎ A. 3 years. B. 7 years. C. 20 years.‎ ‎10. Why does the man think that Mr. Black is special?‎ A. He goes to work early every morning.‎ B. He went from being poor to being successful.‎ C. He helps poor students in the man’s hometown.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11. Who is the man?‎ A. A teacher. B. A college student. C. An office worker.‎ ‎12. What is the advantage of being a teacher according to the man?‎ A. The high income. B. The respect from society. C. The long holidays.‎ ‎13. What can a teacher experience each term according to the man?‎ A. The challenge of teaching new students.‎ B. The excitement of teaching new material.‎ C. The benefit of increasing salaries.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。‎ ‎14. What do the speakers have in common?‎ A. They like going to parties.‎ B. They like going camping.‎ C. They like listening to music.‎ ‎15. What does the woman probably dislike?‎ A. Swimming. B. Writing. C. Dancing.‎ ‎16. What do teachers at the man’s school often tell students to do?‎ A. Memorize a lot of things. B. Do a lot of homework . C. Learn independently.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. When does this talk probably take place?‎ A. In November. B. In December. C. In January.‎ ‎18. Which of the following is the cheapest?‎ A. T-shirts. B. Sweaters. C. Winter coats.‎ ‎19. How much do socks cost?‎ A. Two dollars a pair. B. Eight dollars a pair. C. Eight pairs for two dollars.‎ ‎20. What can we learn about the sale?‎ A. It will last for a month.‎ B. Saturday will be the last day.‎ C. The first customer will get $20.‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎1.It has been pointed out ________ plays a vital role in driving away one’s anxiety is one’s sweet childhood memories.‎ A. what that B. which C. that D. that what ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：有人指出，驱除焦虑所起着至关重要的作用是童年美好的回忆。本句时一个主语从句，it作形式主语，真正的主语为that what plays a vital role in driving away one’s anxiety is one’s sweet childhood memories.，主语从句中又有一个主语从句，且此主语从句中缺少主语，所以用what引导。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】本题考查名词性从句，首先判断属于哪种名词性从句，再判断从句缺少什么成分，如果缺少主宾表，用what，不缺少成分和意思用that，缺少疑问词根据句意判断。本题中需要分析主语从句中还有一个主语从句，且缺少主语，故用what引导。‎ ‎2.Michael Jackson’s black jacket, which he wore on his first tour, ________ a high price of $ 298, 000.‎ A. donated B. contributed C. fetched D. performed ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：迈克尔·杰克逊第一次巡演时穿的黑夹克衫，卖得298, 000美元的高价。A. donated捐赠；B. contributed贡献；C. fetched去取；卖得；D. performed表演。故选C。‎ ‎3.I really show my appreciation to my parents, under ________ financial umbrella I have started my own business.‎ A. which B. whom C. who D. whose ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句中先行词为my parents，在非限定性定语从句中作名词financial umbrella的定语，故用关系代词whose。句意：我真的很感激我的父母，在他们的经济保护伞下，我已经开始了自己创业。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】考查定语从句，要搞清楚句子成分，找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系，把主句与从句分别翻译出来，然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词 where, when ,why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来连接从句。本题中先行词my parents，在非限定性定语从句中作名词financial umbrella的定语，故用关系代词whose，从而得出答案。‎ ‎4.I ________ more careful in that quiz. I made too many stupid mistakes.‎ A. must be B. could have been C. must have been D. could be ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在那次测验中我本可以更加仔细。我犯了太多愚蠢的错误了。对过去事情的推测，用情态动词 + have done。could have been对过去的推测，“某人可能做过某事”；must have been对过去的推测，“一定已经，肯定已经…”。故选B。‎ ‎5.The more petrol and electricity we consume, the more carbon we will ________.‎ A. let off B. put off C. pay off D. take off ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们消耗的汽油和电力越多，我们排放的碳就越多。A. let off排放；B. put off推迟；C. pay off还清；D. take off起飞。故选A。‎ ‎6.On this year’s Single’s day, the Tmall Site smashed the 10 billion-yuan threshold in just two minutes and five seconds, ________ last year’s record of 3 minutes and one second.‎ A. to break B. breaking C. having broken D. being broken ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在今年的“双十一”，仅用2分05秒的时间，天猫网站销售额便突破100亿元大关，刷新了去年3分01秒的纪录。句中用现在分词用作结果状语，表示一种自然的结果，即属预料之中的事。故选B。‎ ‎7.This winter vocation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall, but I would rather we ________ to Shanghai Disneyland.‎ A. go B. had gone C. would go D. went ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这个寒假，我的家人要去参观长城，但是我宁愿去上海迪士尼乐园。would rather后接句子时，用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：1．一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望；2. 用过去完成时表过去的愿望。本题考查would rather的虚拟语气，根据前句This winter vocation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall可以判断是表示将来的愿望，可知用一般过去时，从而得出答案。‎ ‎8.I dislike ________when Jim said the UN was not a worthy organization, ________ bringing everyone closer together.‎ A. one; one B. it; one C. one; which D. it; which ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查代词。句意：我不喜欢吉姆说联合国不是一个值得敬重的组织，一个让每个人更加亲密的组织。第一空用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为when Jim said the UN was not a worthy organization；第二空用代词one，代指前面的名词organization。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】当hate/enjoy/like/love/prefer/appreciate/dislike等表示情绪的动词后接when或if从句时，通常要用it作形式宾语。‎ ‎9.________ cloning may be used for medical treatment, everyone doesn’t support it.‎ A. While B. As C. Since D. Unless ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然克隆可以用于医疗，但并不是每个人都支持。A. While虽然；B. As因为；C. Since自从；D. Unless除非。故选A。‎ ‎10.By this time tomorrow, I ________ the novel being written at the moment.‎ A. complete B. have completed C. will have completed D. will be completing ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：到明天这个时候，我已经完成了这部小说的写作。根据句中时间状语By this time tomorrow可知用将来完成时，表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作。故选C。‎ ‎11.Walter’s work ________ efficiently, the boss decided to promote him to senior manager.‎ A. finished B. had been finished C. finishing D. to finish ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：沃尔特的工作效率很高，老板决定把他提升为高级经理。本题考查独立主格结构，句中Walter’s work与动词finish之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故选A。‎ ‎12.Some netizens use “beat a call” as an ________ to “cheering for” to show their approval or support for others.‎ A. alternative B. account C. apology D. acquaintance ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些网民用“打call”代替“为之欢呼”来表示对他人的赞赏或支持。A. alternative供替代的选择；B. account描述；C. apology道歉；D. acquaintance熟人。故选A。‎ ‎13.We look towards strengthening cooperation with universities all over the world ________ scientific research.‎ A. in response to B. in regard to C. in defense of D. in case of ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：关于科学研究，我们期待与世界各地的大学加强合作。A. in response to回答；B. in regard to关于；C. in defense of为……辩护；D. in case of以防。故选B。‎ ‎14.He didn’t make ________ preparations, or he would have succeeded in the job interview.‎ A. vacant B. urgent C. adequate D. primitive ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他没有做好充分的准备，否则他在工作面试中会成功的。A. vacant空的；B. urgent紧急的；C. adequate充分的；D. primitive原始的。故选C。‎ ‎15.—I’ve never seen Mike in low spirits.‎ ‎—He didn’t pass his driving test a third time. He’s been ________ ever since.‎ A. on cloud nine B. over the moon C. down in the dumps D. flying off the handle ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查习惯用语。句意：——我从未见过迈克这么情绪低落。——他第三次没有通过驾驶考试。从那时起，他就一直闷闷不乐。A. on cloud nine狂喜；B. over the moon欣喜若狂；C. down in the dumps沮丧；D. flying off the handle勃然大怒。故选C。‎ 第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Without warning, my father would knock on the door in the middle of night, drunken and begging my mother to open it. Later on, they lived their ___16___ lives and my mother was ___17___my family independently.‎ My father was always claiming he had been planning to do something for us, but he had no ___18___. The man who was ___19___ to love us, in fact, lacked the ___20___ of what it truly meant to love a child.‎ Maybe it was his complicated relationship to his father that made him ___21___. Maybe it was the pain ___22___ with a life of misfortune. Who knows? Whatever it was, it stole him from us, and ___23___ from me. Not understanding me, he simply ___24___ me—not just emotionally, but ___25___ as well. Never once did he hug me.‎ My best memories of him were from his ___26___ at participation. Once every month or two, he would ___27___ and drive us to Trucker’s Paradise. To me, the games were fun but easily forgotten. It was the ___28___ of my father that was most treasured.‎ It wasn’t until I was much older that I would find evidence of my father’s love.‎ When my favorite personal computer came onto the market, I convinced myself that I had to have it even though its price was far ___29___ my mother’s reach. I mowed （割草）every yard I could find that summer, ___30___ it still wasn’t enough. Then my dad agreed to help me ___31___the rest of the money by selling watermelons. This was the first time that I had ever spent time alone with him. He laughed and repeatedly ‎ ‎___32___ me as “my boy”, a phrase he relayed with a sense of ___33___.‎ It just goes to show that however distant the father and however broken the ___34___, there is still a need for even the smallest bit of ___35___ of a father’s love. Although he had never told me that he loved me, I would regard that day as the greatest evidence of that fact.‎ ‎16. A. brief B. separate C. severe D. unbearable ‎17. A. wishing for B. looking for C. applying for D. providing for ‎18. A. intention B. permission C. possession D. attention ‎19. A. advised B. required C. supposed D. instructed ‎20. A. allocation B. affection C. guarantee D. comprehension ‎21. A. cautious B. distant C. greedy D. selfish ‎22. A. connected B. related C. faced D. decorated ‎23. A. directly B. officially C. temporarily D. particularly ‎24. A. supported B. ignored C. appreciated D. blamed ‎25. A. physically B. mentally C. spiritually D. psychologically ‎26. A. comments B. responses C. attempts D. focuses ‎27. A. light us up B. bring us up C. put us up D. pick us up ‎28. A. absence B. reference C. presence D. preference ‎29. A. beyond B. within C. below D. over ‎30. A. otherwise B. yet C. so D. or ‎31. A. raise B. rise C. arise D. arouse ‎32. A. recognized B. regarded C. introduced D. treated ‎33. A. shame B. pride C. achievement D. guilt ‎34. A. surroundings B. feeling C. gesture D. bond ‎35. A. warning B. signal C. evidence D. mark ‎【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述父母离婚后，作者总感到父爱缺失，与父亲的关系疏远。作者渐渐长大发现，其实父爱一直都在。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. brief简洁的；B. separate分开的；C. severe严重的；D. unbearable无法忍受的。根据后句my mother was ___2___my family independently.提示可知，后来，他们过着各自的生活。故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。A. wishing for希望；B. looking for寻找；C. applying for申请；D. providing for提供。后来，他们过着各自的生活，我的母亲独立供养我的家庭。故选D。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. intention目的； B. permission允许；C. possession拥有；D. attention注意力。根据前句My father was always claiming he had been planning to do something for us,和后面的转折词but可知，我父亲总是说他一直打算为我们做些什么，但他没有此意。故选A。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. advised建议；B. required要求；C. supposed假设；D. instructed指导。短语be supposed to应该。事实上，那个本该爱我们的男人，却不懂得爱一个孩子到底意味着什么。故选C。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. allocation分配；B. affection影响；C. guarantee保证；D. comprehension理解。事实上，那个本该爱我们的男人，却不懂得爱一个孩子到底意味着什么。故选D。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。A. cautious谨慎的；B. distant疏远的；C. greedy贪婪的；D. selfish自私的。也许是他和他父亲的复杂关系让他疏远了。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. connected连接；B. related相关；C. faced面对；D. decorated装饰。也许这是一种与不幸生活有关的痛苦。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。A. directly直接地；B. officially正式地；C. temporarily临时地；‎ D. particularly尤其。不管是什么，它把他从我们身边偷走了，尤其是从我身边。故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. supported支持；B. ignored忽略；C. appreciated感激；D. blamed指责。他不理解我，只是忽视了我。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。A. physically身体上；B. mentally智力上；C. spiritually精神上；D. psychologically心理上。他不理解我，只是忽视了我——不仅在感情上，而且在身体上。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. comments评论；B. responses答复；C. attempts试图；D. focuses集中。我对他最美好的记忆是他的努力参与。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词短语词义辨析。A. light us up使我们容光焕发；B. bring us up抚养我们；C. put us up为我们提供食宿；D. pick us up接我们。根据后句and drive us to Trucker’s Paradise.可知，每一两个月，他都会来接我们。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. absence缺席；B. reference参考；C. presence出席；D. preference优先。最珍贵的是我父亲的在场。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查介词词义辨析。A. beyond超出；B. within在……之内；C. below在……下面；D. over在…..上方。尽管它的价格远远超出我母亲的承受能力。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。A. otherwise否则；B. yet然而；C. so因此；D. or或者。根据前后句之间的关系可知，这里为转折。那年夏天，我把能找到的院子都修剪了，但还是不够。故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. raise抬起；募集；B. rise升起；C. arise出现；D. arouse激起。raise money筹集资金。然后我爸爸同意帮我卖西瓜来筹集剩下的钱。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。A. recognized承认；B. regarded视为；C. introduced介绍；D. ‎ treated对待。他笑了，并一再介绍说我是“我的孩子”。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. shame羞愧；B. pride自豪；C. achievement成就；D. guilt愧疚。他说这个词是带一种自豪的语气。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. surroundings环境；B. feeling感情；C. gesture手势；D. bond联系。这表明，无论父亲多么疏远，无论纽带多么断裂。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。A. warning警告；B. signal信号；C. evidence证据；D. mark标记。父亲的爱，即使是最微小的证据，仍然是需要的。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。文章逻辑性较强，只要读懂文章大意，基本能选出正确答案。考生做此完形填空时，要充分理解文章大意，特别注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。如小题14考查的是连词词义辨析，我们需要根据前句I mowed （割草）every yard I could find that summer,和后句it still wasn’t enough.可以分析出，这里为转折关系，从而根据语境选出正确的答案。‎ 第三部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Some people find visiting ordinary museums to be a bit dull. Fortunately for them, there are unusual museums to check out, such as underwater museums!‎ How can you visit and what can you see?‎ Many underwater museums are supported by companies that offer guided tours. A trained guide leads groups around a stunning underwater display of statues in each museum. Depending on the depth of the museum, visitors may be able to view the sculptures from a glass bottomed boat or by swimming on the surface. Other underwater museums are deeper and are most accessible to scuba divers.‎ Why are the museums underwater?‎ Underwater museums have many functions. One of their aims is to create a man-made reef environment where sea creatures can live. That’s why some of the museums are ‎ located in areas that were damaged by hurricanes or are considered underwater ‘‘deserts’’. The statues in the museum are designed in a way that encourages the growth of coal and plant life. Over time, the statues and plants attract a growing number of fish to the area.‎ Florida, U.S.A.‎ Florida is home to different types of underwater museums. The state’s newest underwater museum, the Underwater Museum of Art, can be found off the coast of Grayton Beach. This part of the Gulf Mexico is an underwater desert, so creators hope that the exhibit will improve the marine ecosystem.‎ Cancun, Mexico For years, Cancun has been a popular tourist destination. And one of the major draws is the water. The Museo Subacuatico de Arte is an ideal place for snorkelers and first-time divers. There they can enjoy more than 500 statues that help to make up a man-made reef. This museum was created to offer visitors a replacement for the areas natural reef, which has been damaged.‎ Canary Island, Spain Museo Atlantico, off the coast of Lanzarote, has an impressive display of more than 300 statues. They were created by the same sculptor who made the Cancun statues. They focus on man’s interaction with the marine world.‎ ‎36. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?‎ A. If the underwater museum is very deep, viewers can pay a visit by boat or by swimming.‎ B. Underwater museums are partly intended to rebuild the damaged ecosystem in the sea.‎ C. The underwater museum in Cancun gives tourists a chance to view the natural reef.‎ D. States in Museo Atlantico are similar to those of Cancun because of the same sculptor.‎ ‎37. What is the author’s purpose of writing this essay?‎ A. To persuade. B. To amuse.‎ C. To inspire. D. To inform.‎ ‎【答案】36. B 37. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章主要介绍一些不寻常的博物馆——水下博物馆。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段This part of the Gulf Mexico is an underwater desert, so creators hope that the exhibit will improve the marine ecosystem.可知，水下博物馆创作者希望通过展览能改善海洋生态系统。故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段Some people find visiting ordinary museums to be a bit dull. Fortunately for them, there are unusual museums to check out, such as underwater museums!及全文内容可知，作者写此文主要是向读者介绍一些不寻常的博物馆——水下博物馆。故选D。‎ B Beyoncé Knowles can do something that many humans struggle with: sing and dance at the same time. But, it turns out this great ability is not unique to humans. The superb lyrebird, already known to be a gifted singer, can perform coordinated(协调的)songanddance routines(一套舞蹈动作)that put most humans to shame.‎ The superb lyrebird is one of only two lyrebird species living in Australia, the other named Albert’s lyrebird. Male lyrebirds have tails in the shape of an ancient musical instrument when spread out. Like most animals with beautiful body parts, the males use their tails to attract females. Each one sets up a small mound(小丘)on the forest floor, where he walks around proudly and sings. He also shows his tail by holding it over his head.‎ Lyrebirds are gifted mimics(模仿者), so their songs combine their own calls, the songs of other species, and sounds they have heard in the forest. That would be enough showing off for other animals, but male superb lyrebirds also dance.‎ Anastasia Dalziell of the Australian National University in Canberra filmed 12 lyrebirds in the wild. She found that males only danced during four song types, and that each song type was accompanied by a specific move. “Lyrebirds match different dance styles to different types of songs, ”she says. For example, when the male sang a series of rapid notes he also stepped to the side and held his tail wide. Another ‎ song type was accompanied by jumping and moving up and down, with the tail held narrow.‎ ‎“Our results suggest that the coordination between song and dance—like movements we see in humans can occur in other animals,” says Dalziell. Female lyrebirds might prefer males that are better at coordinating song and dance, although there is no evidence of that yet.‎ ‎38. Beyoncé Knowles is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to ___________.‎ A. put most humans to shame B. introduce the topic of lyrebirds C. show the author’s admiration for her D. share the experience of the famous singer ‎39. According to the passage, male lyrebirds attract females by ___________.‎ A. performing on a mound and showing their tails B. walking in the forest with the heads held up C. having tails shaped like a musical instrument D. singing and dancing with other male lyrebirds ‎40. What may Anastasia Dalziell agree with?‎ A. Both human beings and animals are born singers and dancers.‎ B. Female Albert’s lyrebirds are fond of copying and showing off.‎ C. Male superb lyrebirds are gifted at coordinating song and dance.‎ D. Male lyrebirds can sing four songs, each accompanied by a move.‎ ‎【答案】38. B 39. A 40. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了能歌善舞的华丽琴鸟。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段But, it turns out this great ability is not unique to humans. The superb lyrebird, already known to be a gifted singer, can perform coordinated(协调的)songanddance routines(一套舞蹈动作)that put most humans to shame.能歌善舞的能力并不是人类所独有，可知，前面提到 Beyoncé Knowles 可以边唱边跳是为了引出具有同样能力的华丽琴鸟。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段Like most animals with beautiful body parts, the males use their tails to attract females.可知，雄性琴鸟用尾巴吸引雌性琴鸟。故选A。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章最后第一段Female lyrebirds might prefer males that are better at coordinating song and dance, although there is no evidence of that yet.可知，雄性琴鸟更擅长协调歌唱和舞蹈。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】文章内容较为简单，文章考查到细节理解题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题2中选择项中showing their tails与文中的use their tails表达的同一个意思，这些都考生需要比较它们之间的细微区别。‎ C Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like breast cancer in ways that were never before possible.‎ Rishi Rawat teaches AI at the University of Southern California’s (USC) Clinical Science Center in Los Angeles. He is part of a team of scientists who are researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the breast. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says this data helps the machine learn. “You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition that’s important to making decisions.”‎ David Agus is another USC researcher. He believes that “machines are not going to take the place of doctors.” He adds, “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can’t recognize these patterns by itself.”‎ Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. Currently, researchers take a thin piece of tissue, put it on a small piece of glass and add color to better see the cells. This process could take days ‎ or even longer. Scientists say artificial intelligence can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns, or structures, and learn how the cells are organized. The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick diagnosis（诊断）of cancer that is free of human mistakes.‎ ‎“All of a sudden, we have the computing power to really do it in real timeWe couldn’t have done this, we didn’t have the computing power to do this several years ago, but now it’s all changed.” Agus adds that the process could be done “for almost no cost in the developing world.” He says that having a large amount of information about patients is important for a machine to effectively do its job in medicine.‎ A doctor faces a series of critical decisions every day. The best a doctor can do is to make those decisions as informed as possible. Some of them are still hard to make. A doctor can ask people of whom he values their opinions and that’s it. Imagine discussing these with an AI system that is even more rational（理性的）than anyone else.‎ The University of Southern California researchers are now only studying breast cancer. But doctors predict artificial intelligence will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer.‎ ‎41. According to Rawat and David Agus, AI can be used to ___________.‎ A. take the place of doctors B. treat all forms of cancer C. remove doctors’ mistakes D. help doctors diagnose cancer ‎42. From the passage, we learn that doctors may benefit from AI because it can ___________.‎ A. use data to recognize patterns of cancer B. decide on the form of cancer treatment C. reduce the risk of cancer returning D. monitor the medical procedure ‎43. What does the underlined word “critical” in Paragraph 6 mean?‎ A. reliable B. important C. evident D. doubtful ‎44. What’s the best title for the passage?‎ A. How Do AI Systems Work? B. Can AI Cure Cancer?‎ C. Can AI Make Doctors Better? D. How Can Doctors Use AI?‎ ‎【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要介绍人工智能技术可能很快会成为医生们的有用工具。它可能有助于医生以前所未有的方式更好地了解和治疗乳腺癌等疾病。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段He is part of a team of scientists who are researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the breast.可知，Rishi Rawat是研究人工智能和机器学习如何更容易诊断乳房癌变，和第三段Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can’t recognize these patterns by itself.可知，David Agus认为计算机能帮助做出某些决策，从而可以推断出人工智能技术可以帮助医生来诊断癌症。故选D。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段You can put the data into them and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition that’s important to making decisions.可知，人工智能通过输入的数据并将学习影像，并从影像中识别癌症的影像。故选A。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据文章第六段The best a doctor can do is to make those decisions as informed as possible. Some of them are still hard to make. A doctor can ask people of whom he values their opinions and that’s it. Imagine discussing these with an AI system that is even more rational（理性的）than anyone else.可知，本段主要讲述医生每天都要面对一系列重要的决定，从而可以猜测出critical为“重要的”之意。故选B。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like breast cancer in ways that were never before possible.及全文可知，文章主要介绍人工智能技术帮助医生更好的诊疗疾病。故选C。‎ D In my class in middle school, there was a girl who was considered the outcast of our class. No one actually knows how this exclusion originated, but we all followed it for no reason at all. One day after lunch, we girls sat on the track field, talking about little things that happened in our little lives. Someone brought her up, and soon the topic transformed to mocking the funny texture of her hair, the awkward way she walked and…. I felt extremely uncomfortable but kept silent, because I didn’t want to be the one “supporting” the common enemy. After all, it’s just a mild ranting session among a trusted group of friends, why should I bring unnecessary tension?‎ Suddenly, one of my friends pointed her finger towards somewhere behind me. All of us turned around and saw that exact girl, hand still in the air, with a twisted look on her face. She lowered her hand in slow motion, blinked really hard for a few seconds, then turned around and ran off. For a second I wanted to stand up and chase her down to tell her that no one meant what they said, and that she is an amazing person being who she is. But my legs felt so heavy: I didn’t want to make a fool out of myself—why bother taking care of the class clown（小丑）? People would think that I was crazy as well!‎ No one spoke a word for a long time; we were all so caught up in our thoughts. I tried opening my mouth but couldn’t—no words were coming out. Then one person started talking about the weather, and all of us were more than glad to follow this flow.‎ A few weeks later, the teacher told us that a classmate dropped out of school—it was that girl. Her parents told the school that it was the peer pressure that made her want to leave. The teacher wanted to know who the bully was. Again, no one spoke a word. Perhaps it was exactly this cold, hard silence that drove her away. I certainly did not raise my hand—I had never even said anything bad about her; it was my friends who loved to make fun of her awkwardness every day.‎ Surely, I didn’t bully her physically or with my language, but I kept silent when others did. By failing to stand up for her and offering her support, I was giving tacit（心照不宣的）agreement. This agreement made others think that it was okay to ‎ mistreat her, because “no one cares anyways”. Perhaps I did realize I was bullying her—but by convincing myself that I had nothing to do with her leaving, I wouldn’t have to bear the burden of heavy shame on my shoulders.‎ Real life is not like a Hollywood movie, and the protagonists don’t always have the courage to compensate for our mistakes. In that classroom, my feet were glued to the ground once again, thinking of all the possibilities that could embarrass me in front of the whole class. What if she doesn’t appreciate my effort and just walk off? What if she misunderstands my actions as sympathy and gets upset? Worst of all, what if my own group mates disapprove of my decision? Am I really willing to risk my friendship just to help out one girl that I’ve seldom spoken to?‎ To be honest, I still don’t have answers to these questions. I don’t know if the answers to those questions even exist. However, what I do know is that nothing will change if I keep thinking and never take actions. Talking to someone in need of support would mean the world to them, while it takes little to none effort for me. So what if those actions are under appreciated? At least I will be satisfied knowing that I did the right thing.‎ ‎45. What can we conclude from the underlined sentences in Paragraph 2?‎ A. The author cared about others’ opinions. B. The author’s legs gave out after running.‎ C. The author was fooled by the classmates. D. The author didn’t like the class clown.‎ ‎46. Why did the girl drop out of school?‎ A. Because she had to support her family. B. Because she was bullied by her peers.‎ C. Because she was scolded by her teacher. D. Because she had conflicts with her peers.‎ ‎47. Seeing the girl being bullied, the author felt ___________.‎ A. cheerful and amused B. surprised and stressed C. frightened and awkward D. uncomfortable and concerned ‎48. The author didn’t support the girl for the following reasons EXCEPT that ___________.‎ A. the author wanted to follow the flow B. the author didn’t want to betray friends C. the author was prevented by the group mates D. the author worried about the girl’s misunderstanding ‎49. Who does the underlined word “protagonists” in Paragraph 5 refer to?‎ A. people living in real life B. people in Hollywood movies C. people who are bullied D. people who respect others ‎50. What will the writer probably do when meeting the same situation next time?‎ A. She will keep silent and walk away. B. She will stand up for her group mates.‎ C. She will report the case to the teacher. D. She will not tolerate bullying again.‎ ‎【答案】45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者叙述自己在初中时候一个女孩在班级受到欺凌而不得不辍学的故事，以及对整个事情的思考。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段But my legs felt so heavy: I didn’t want to make a fool out of myself—why bother taking care of the class clown（小丑）? People would think that I was crazy as well!（可是我的腿好沉啊!我可不想出洋相——何必费心去照顾班上的小丑呢?人们也会认为我疯了! ），从作者的心理活动可以推断出作者很在意别人的意见。故选A。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段Her parents told the school that it was the peer pressure that made her want to leave. The teacher wanted to know who the bully was.可知，是同龄人的欺凌让她辍学。故选B。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段I felt extremely uncomfortable but kept silent, because I didn’t want to be the one “supporting” the common enemy. After all, it’s just a mild ranting session among a trusted group of friends, why should I bring unnecessary tension?可知，看到女孩被欺凌，作者感到不舒服，并从作者感到不必要的紧张可知，作者对女孩感到担忧。故选D ‎【48题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段Then one person started talking about the weather, and all of us were more than glad to follow this flow.可知，作者想要追随潮流，故A项正确；根据第一段I felt extremely uncomfortable but kept silent, because I didn’t want to be the one “supporting” the common enemy. 我不想成为那个“支持”共同敌人的人，可知，作者不想背叛朋友，故B项正确；根据第二段For a second I wanted to stand up and chase her down to tell her that no one meant what they said, and that she is an amazing person being who she is.我想要站起来告诉她没有人说她的坏话，担心女孩误解。故D项正确；C项与文章事实不相符合。故选C。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据文章第五段Real life is not like a Hollywood movie, and the protagonists don’t always have the courage to compensate for our mistakes.中的Real life is not like a Hollywood movie（现实生活不像好莱坞电影）和have the courage to compensate for our mistakes（有勇气弥补我们的错误）提示可知，protagonists在文章中的意思为“现实生活中的人”。故选A。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段However, what I do know is that nothing will change if I keep thinking and never take actions. 和So what if those actions are under appreciated? At least I will be satisfied knowing that I did the right thing. 如果我继续思考，不采取行动，什么也不会改变，可以推断出作者下次遇到同样的情况不会再容忍欺凌。故选D。‎ 第II卷（非选择题，共35分）‎ 第四部分 任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。‎ Every January for the past 20 years, I have taken a few moments to consider the answer to the big question, “What is the meaning of life?”. The reason I ask this question year after year is that my answer changes over time, which I find interesting and insightful. There is no objectively correct answer, I believe—only answers that are right for you at any given time. This question is so important—philosophically ‎ and practically in terms of how we live our lives— yet we are unable to really think about the answer.‎ Doing this simple exercise might even help you live longer. According to two separate studies —one with 9,000 participants around age 65 and another with 6,000 people between 20 and 75—those who could explain the meaning and purpose of their lives died later than those who saw their lives as aimless. It didn’t seem to matter what meaning participants ascribed to their lives, whether it was personal (such as happiness), or creative (such as making art). It was having an answer to the question that mattered. The connection to longevity（长寿）could be causal—having purpose may help one manage daily stress, as other research has shown. But it could also be that those who think about life’s meaning are more likely to do other activities that promote good health.‎ Great thinkers have given the question thought. Leo Tolstoy wrote, “The sole meaning of life is to serve humanity.” Albert Einstein said: “Only a life lived for others is a life worthwhile.” My favorite answer, though, is “The purpose of life is a life of purpose.”‎ Some have concluded that life’s meaning is subjective. “There is not one standard meaning for all,” author Anaïs Nin once said. “There is only the meaning we each give to our life, an individual meaning, an individual plot, like an individual novel, a book for each person.” I agree, which is why I recommend formulating（构想）your own answer. Taking a few moments to record your response to the question “What is the meaning of life?” is the kind of simple exercise that effectively adds meaning to your life.‎ And then I suggest answering it every year. Looking back at how your thinking has evolved and been influenced by experience tells you something more about yourself. Then, it gets you closer to a deeper self-understanding.‎ If you do the annual “meaning” exercise, I suggest not looking at past answers before answering anew. I write them down on the same now-yellowing piece of paper and keep it someplace safe.‎ The last suggestion is to turn your answer into action. If you conclude, as Tolstoy ‎ and Einstein did, that the meaning of life is helping others, that should help motivate you to do more of it.‎ This is not a theoretical exercise. Whatever small step you take toward finding the meaning of life is a step toward a more meaningful, and longer life. Why not do this simple annual “meaning” exercise from now on?‎ Knowing Your ____51____in Life Can Help You Live Longer Introduction Many of us ____52____to consider the answer to the question “What is the meaning of life?”, though it is important.‎ ‎___53___of studies Those who know the meaning and purpose of life enjoy longevity. With purpose, they may ____54____with stress and get involved in activities ____55____ good health.‎ Answers to the question Some famous people think the meaning of life is ____56____others. I think a meaningful life is a life with purpose.‎ Suggestions ‎★Add meaning to your life by recording the answers, which____57____ depending on individuals.‎ ‎★Answer the question yearly, which helps you ____58____yourself better.‎ ‎★Don’t ____59____to the previous ones while forming a new answer.‎ ‎★Turn your answer into action, doing what you think right and meaningful.‎ Conclusion Your ever-changing answers may help you live longer and better. Every small step you take toward finding the answers ____60____.‎ ‎【答案】51. Purpose/ Meaning /Aim/ Goal ‎ ‎52. fail 53. Result(s)/ Findings/ Discovery (Discoveries) ‎ ‎54. deal/ cope ‎ ‎55. promoting ‎ ‎56. helping/ serving ‎ ‎57. differ/ vary ‎ ‎58. understand ‎ ‎59. refer 60. matters/ counts ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。文章主要讲述知道你人生中目标会帮助你活得更长。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 原词再现题。根据文章第一段Every January for the past 20 years, I have taken a few moments to consider the answer to the big question, “What is the meaning of life?”.中的meaning，注意首字母大写，也可以用同义词purpose/aim/ goal。故填Purpose/ Meaning /Aim/ Goal。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 词义转换题。根据文章第一段This question is so important—philosophically and practically in terms of how we live our lives— yet we are unable to really think about the answer.中的关键词are unable to，可以用短语fail to替换。故填fail。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 归纳题。根据右边表格中的内容可知，这里指“研究结果/发现”。故填Result(s)/ Findings/ Discovery (Discoveries)。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 词义转换题。根据文章第二段The connection to longevity（长寿）could be causal—having purpose may help one manage daily stress, as other research has shown.中的manage，可以用短语deal/ cope with替换。故填deal/ cope。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 词形转化题。根据文章第二段But it could also be that those who think about life’s meaning are more likely to do other activities that promote good health.中的动词promote，在题中用非谓语动词，与名词activities之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填promoting。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 词形转化题。根据文章第三段Great thinkers have given the question thought. Leo Tolstoy wrote, “The sole meaning of life is to serve humanity.”中的serve，也可以用同义词help，在题中用现在分词作表语。故填helping/ serving。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 归纳题。根据文章第四段Some have concluded that life’s meaning is subjective. “There is not one standard meaning for all,” author Anaïs Nin once said. “There is only the meaning we each give to our life, an individual meaning, an individual plot, like an individual novel, a book for each person.”可知，对生命的意义的回答每个人都是不一样的，从而可以归纳出用动词differ/ vary。故填differ/ vary。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 词义转换题。根据文章第五段Then, it gets you closer to a deeper self-understanding.中的self-understanding转换为understand yourself。故填understand。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 词义转换题。根据文章第六段If you do the annual “meaning” exercise, I suggest not looking at past answers before answering a new.中的looking at转换为refer to。故填refer。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 归纳题。根据文章最后一段Whatever small step you take toward finding the meaning of life is a step toward a more meaningful, and longer life.无论你朝发现生命的意义迈出了怎样的一小步，你都是朝着更有意义、更长寿的方向迈出了一步，从而归纳出你寻找答案的每一小步都很重要。故填matters/ counts。‎ 第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎61.请认真阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ Henderson Island is a tiny, unpopulated（无人居住的）island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean,3,000 miles from major city centers. Though it is half the size of Manhattan, more than 19 tons of plastic waste litter its white, sandy beaches.‎ Researchers estimate(估计) that it has the highest concentration of waste of any place in the world with a total of over 37 million pieces of trash in all on the small island. For every square meter you walk, on average you’ll find 672 pieces of trash.‎ Mismanaged waste from land goes into waterways, which feed into larger rivers, which in turn empty into ocean. In this way, plastic from far inland can travel many miles to the coastline, bringing an estimated 9 million tons of plastic every year.‎ Meanwhile, ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of animals every year. Nearly 700 species have been reported to be affected by it. Species of all sizes, from zooplankton（浮游动物）to whales, now eat microplastics, the bits smaller than one-fifth of an inch across.‎ ‎[写作内容]‎ ‎1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要；‎ ‎2. 用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：‎ ‎(1) 造成“塑料垃圾污染海洋”的原因；‎ ‎(2) 你对如何解决这一问题的建议（至少两条）。‎ ‎[写作要求]‎ ‎1. 不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎3. 不必写标题。‎ ‎[评分标准]‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】What happened to Henderson Island tells us that plastic waste from far inland can travel many miles to remote islands, polluting the ocean and posing great threat to marine life. ‎ What are the reasons behind? In some sense, marine plastic pollution seems to ‎ trace back to one cause---over-consumption of plastic. For the sake of convenience, people use plastic in their daily life, leaving large amounts of waste. But the bad news is that many countries lack waste-collection systems, which leads to mismanaged plastic waste. When the waste empties into rivers and oceans, pollution happens. ‎ We shouldn’t meet our own needs at the cost of the environment. It’s time we changed our life-style completely, limiting the use of plastic products. Also, alternative materials should take the place of plastic. Meanwhile, plastic trash should be managed effectively. It’s mankind’s responsibility to find answers that are good for everyone, and everything else (150)‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本书面表达属于读写任务写作。考生先要概括文章概要，然后分析造成“塑料垃圾污染海洋”的原因，最后写出解决这一问题的建议。‎ ‎【详解】本书面表达属于读写任务写作。动笔前，首先要认真阅读原文，并理解其内容。其次，认真看清题目要求，在稿子上列出提纲。最后，根据要求写出文章。这篇书面表达写作内容：1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要；2. 用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：(1) 造成“塑料垃圾污染海洋”的原因；(2) 你对如何解决这一问题的建议（至少两条）。写作要求:1. 不能直接引用原文语句；2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 不必写标题。写作的时候，要按照要点去表达，不能有遗漏，要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己会的单词、词组和句型，同时也要注意使用一些高级语法和句型，使自己的文章更有文采。‎ ‎【点睛】高分句型：1 What happened to Henderson Island tells us that plastic waste from far inland can travel many miles to remote islands, polluting the ocean and posing great threat to marine life.这句话运用了主语从句和现在分词作状语。‎ ‎2. For the sake of convenience, people use plastic in their daily life, leaving large amounts of waste.这句话中运用了现在分词作状语。‎ ‎3. But the bad news is that many countries lack waste-collection systems, which leads to mismanaged plastic waste.这句话中运用了名词性定语从句。‎ ‎4. It’s mankind’s responsibility to find answers that are good for everyone, and everything else这句话中运用了不定式作主语。‎ ‎ ‎