【英语】2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit1Friendship单元学案（13页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit1Friendship单元学案（13页）

Unit 1 Friendship单元学案 一 Words and expressions survey n. 纵览,视察,测量 v. 审视,视察,通盘考虑,调查 ‎1. We stood on the top of the mountain and surveyed the countryside. 我们站在山顶上，眺望乡村。 ‎ ‎2. A quick survey of the street showed that no one was about. 扫视街道, 空无一人。‎ ‎3. Of the five hundred householders surveyed, 40% had dishwashers. ‎ ‎ 在接受调查的五百家住户中, 40% 有洗碗机。‎ add v. 增加 ‎1. He added some wood to increase the fire. 他加了一些木柴，使火旺些。 ‎ ‎2. If you add 4 to 5, you get 9. 四加五等于九。 ‎ ‎3. Add up all the money I owe you. 把我应付你的钱都加在一起。 ‎ upset a. 烦乱的,不高兴 v. 颠覆,推翻,扰乱,使心烦意乱,使不舒服 ‎1. I'm always upset when I don't get any mail. 我接不到任何邮件时总是心烦意乱。 ‎ ‎2. He has an upset stomach. 他胃不舒服。 ‎ ‎3. The news quite upset him. 这消息使他心烦意乱。 ‎ ignore v. 不顾,不理,忽视 ‎1. You've been ignoring me. 你一直不把我放在眼里。‎ ‎2. I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely! 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! ‎ ‎3. I can't ignore his rudeness any longer. 他粗暴无礼, 我再也不能不闻不问了。‎ calm n. 平稳,风平浪静 a. 平静的,冷静的 v. 平静下来,镇静 ‎1. It was a beautiful morning, calm and serene. 那是一个宁静、明媚的早晨。 ‎ ‎2. You should keep calm even in face of danger. 即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。 ‎ ‎3. Have a brandy it'll help to calm you (down). 来点儿白兰地--能使你静下来。‎ calm down vt. 平静下来(镇定下来)‎ ‎1. Calm down, you're getting terribly wrought up over nothing. ‎ ‎ 镇定下来吧，你这样紧张激动，完全是莫名其妙。 ‎ ‎2. His rage was soon calmed down by the rustic peace. 乡村的宁静很快就使他的怒气平静下来。 ‎ ‎3. I told myself to calm down. 我告诫自己要冷静下来。 ‎ have got to conj. 不得不(必须)‎ ‎1. You may not like him, but you have got to admire his persistence. ‎ ‎ 你可以不喜欢他，但你不得不佩服他那种坚忍不拔的精神。 ‎ ‎2. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time -- unless I had caught an earlier train. ‎ ‎ 我不可能及时赶到会场，除非我赶上了较找的一班火车。 ‎ ‎3. Jim broke away from his friends, saying "I have got to hit the books." ‎ ‎ 吉姆离开他的朋友时，说道：“我得回去做功课了。” ‎ concern n. 关心,关系, 关切的事,忧虑 v. 涉及,与...有关,影响;使关心 ‎1. How much money I earn is none of your concern. 我挣多少钱与你无关。 ‎ ‎2. These problems concern all of us. 这些问题影响到我们每一个人。 ‎ ‎3. This restaurant is a family concern. 这家饭店是由一家人经营的。 ‎ be concerned about vt. 关心(挂念)‎ ‎1. It is reassuring to be enquired after when you're ill. It shows your friends haven't stopped being concerned about you. ‎ ‎ 如果能询问一下你是何时生病的我们也就放心了。因为你的朋友一直在关心你。 ‎ ‎2. The government's claim to be concerned about unemployment is sheer hypocrisy. ‎ ‎ 政府声称对失业表示关注纯属做做姿态。 ‎ ‎3. Please don't be concerned about me. 请不要为我担心。 ‎ cheat n. 骗子,欺骗行为 v. 欺骗,作弊 ‎1. His father was cheated of his land. 他的父亲被人骗走了地产。 ‎ ‎2. He never cheats to pass examination. 他考试从不作弊。 ‎ ‎3. He was cheated (out) of his rightful inheritance. 他依法应得的遗产被人骗走了. ‎ reason n. 理由,原因,理智,理性 v. 说服,推论,下判断 ‎1. She can reason very clearly. 她能很清晰地思考。 ‎ ‎2. Copernicus reasoned that the earth revolved around the sun. 哥白尼论证了地球绕着太阳转。 ‎ ‎3. We have reason to believe that he was murdered. 我们有理由相信他是被谋杀的。 ‎ list ‎ n. 目录,名单,明细表 v. 列出,列于表上,记入名单内 ‎1. He wrote down his name on the list. 他将他的名字写在清单上。 ‎ ‎2. He listed all the things he had to do. 他把自己必须做的事列成表。 ‎ ‎3. The books are listed alphabetically. 这些书是按字母顺序编入目录的。‎ share n. 部份,股份,分担 v. 共享,共有,分配 ‎1. If you want a share of the pay, you'll have to do your fair share of the work. ‎ ‎ 要是你想得到一份报酬，你就必须做好你该分担的那一份工作。 ‎ ‎2. She's got all her money in stocks and shares. 她所有的钱都投放到股票里去了。 ‎ ‎3. Children should be taught to share their toys. 应该教育孩子们分享玩具。 ‎ go through ‎ a. 通过 ‎1. I've gone through the elbows of my sweater. 我的毛衣的肘部都磨破了。 ‎ ‎2. He's amazingly cheerful considering all that he's been through. ‎ ‎ 鉴于他经历过的种种遭遇，他的乐天达观令人惊叹。 ‎ ‎3. She decided not to go through with (ie not to have) the abortion. 她决定不做流产. ‎ hide away 包庇 藏起...‎ ‎1. It licked me to think they had been hid away for such a long time. ‎ ‎ 我真不明白它们怎么会被隐藏了这么久。 ‎ set down ‎ ‎1太阳落山 ‎2. 申斥(搭乘,触地)飞机着陆 ‎1. The bus stopped to set down an old lady. 公共汽车停下来让一个老太太下车。 ‎ ‎2. I'll set you down on the corner of your street. 我在你说的那条街的拐角处停下来让你下车。 ‎ ‎3. Why don't you set your ideas down on paper? 你怎么不把你的想法写在纸上呢? ‎ a series of 一系列,一连串 ‎1. The theory is based on a series of wrong assumptions. 这一理论是以一系列错误的设想为依据的。 ‎ ‎2. The overthrow of that lawful regime has resulted in a series of riot. ‎ ‎ 合法政权的被推翻导致一连串的暴乱。 ‎ ‎3. A series of mischance happened. 一连串不幸的事发生了。 ‎ on purpose 故意,有意 ‎1. He knocked the old man down on purpose. 他故意把那个老人撞倒。 ‎ ‎2. She seems to do these things on purpose. 她似乎是有意地做这些事。 ‎ ‎3. `Did he break it accidentally?' `No, on purpose.' ｀他是无意中损坏的吗?＇｀不, 是故意的。＇ ‎ in order to 为了 ‎1. In order to maintain physical well being, a person should eat wholesome food and get sufficient exercise. ‎ ‎ 为了维持身体健康，一个人应该吃有益健康的食品，并经常锻炼身体。 ‎ ‎2. In order to earn enough money, he worked late into the night. 为了赚到足够的钱, 他工作到深夜。 ‎ ‎3. We started early in order to arrive before dark. 为了在天黑前到达,我们很早就动身了。 ‎ dare n. 挑战,挑动 v. 敢,胆敢 ‎1. How dare you say such a thing? 你怎敢说出这样的话？ ‎ ‎2. I dare say you are right. 我认为你是对的。 ‎ ‎3. He dared me to jump over the river. 他激我跳过河。 ‎ thunder n. 雷电,雷声 v. 打雷,大声喊出 ‎ ‎1. My little dog always hides under the bed when it thunders. 我的小狗一听到打雷就藏到床底下。 ‎ ‎2. We could hear the thunder of distant guns. 我们可以听到远处炮声隆隆。 ‎ ‎3. "Get out!" he thundered. “滚出去！”他大声吼到。 ‎ face to face 面对面地 ‎1. His ambition was to meet his favourite pop star face to face. ‎ ‎ 他心向往之的是要面对面地见见他心目中的流行曲歌星。 ‎ ‎2. The burglar turned the corner and found himself face to face with a policeman. ‎ ‎ 盗贼一拐弯面对面地碰上个警察。‎ ‎3. The two rival politicians came/were brought face to face in a TV interview. ‎ ‎ 那两个对立的政客面对面地一起接受电视访问。‎ trust n. 信任,信托 vi. 信任 vt. 委托,相信 名词:truster 动词过去式:trusted 过去分词:trusted 现在分词:trusting 第三人称单数:trusts ‎ ‎1. My husband trusts me and I don't intend to break that trust. 我的丈夫信任我，所以我不想失去这种信任。 ‎ ‎2. Can you trust his account of what happened? 你能相信他对发生的事情所做的报告吗？ ‎ ‎3. In his will he created trusts for his children. 他在遗嘱里为子女安排好了信托财产。 ‎ suffer v. 遭受,经验,忍受 ‎ ‎1. They suffered huge losses in the financial crisis. 他们在经济危机时遭受了巨大的损失。 ‎ ‎2. She couldn't suffer criticism. 她受不了批评。 ‎ ‎3. How can you suffer such insolence? 你怎么能容忍这种蛮横的态度？ ‎ get along with vt. 友好相处(和睦相处,取得进展)‎ ‎1. We should let bygones be bygones and try to get along with each other. ‎ ‎ 我们应当本着既往不咎的原则重新合伙。 ‎ ‎2. He is the last person that I'll get along with. 他是我最不愿与之相处的人。 ‎ ‎3. Do you get along with your boss?/Do you and your boss get along? 你跟老板合得来吗? ‎ gossip n. 闲聊,随笔 v. 说闲话 ‎1. There has been much gossip in political circles. 政界里有许多流言蜚语。 ‎ ‎2. I never talk about gossip. 我从不传播流言蜚语。 ‎ ‎3. She loves to gossip to her neighbors. 她喜欢议论邻居们的是非长短。 ‎ fall in love vt. 陷入爱河(爱上,喜爱)‎ ‎1. It is natural that he should fall in love with such a beautiful girl. 他爱上那位美丽的姑娘是很自然的事。 ‎ ‎2. It's my karma always to fall in love with brunettes. ‎ ‎ 我爱上的总是深褐色头发、 浅黑色皮肤的白种女子, 这是我的缘分. ‎ ‎3. You say you don't believe in marriage, but I bet you sing a different song when you finally fall in love. ‎ ‎ 你说你认为结婚是无谓的, 但我肯定你最终爱上一个人的时候你就不这么说了. ‎ quiz n. 小考,随堂测验,恶作剧 v. 简单测验,恶作剧 ‎1. We will have a quiz tomorrow morning. 我们明天早晨进行一个小测验。 ‎ ‎2. She quizzed him all night about the people he'd seen. 她整夜盘问他都见到谁了。‎ ‎3. Match your skill against the experts in this quiz. 在这一测验中你与专家较量一下技巧吧。 ‎ communicate v. 沟通,传达,交流 ‎1. The door communicates with my room. 这门和我的房间相通。 ‎ ‎2. I can't communicate with them; the radio doesn't work. 我无法和他们联系，无线电坏了。 ‎ ‎3. He has communicated his wishes to me. 他已经把他的愿望告诉了我。 ‎ join in 参加,加入 ‎1. We want to join in the masquerade. 我们想去参加化装舞会。 ‎ ‎2. Can I join in (the game)? 我参加（这个游戏）行吗? ‎ ‎3. I will join in the project, heart and hand. 我会满腔热情地参加这项工程。 ‎ join，join in，join to join的基本词义是“加入某个党派或社会团体，从而成为该党派或团体的一员”。例：‎ When did they join the conservation organization？他们是什么时候参加环保组织的？‎ The prodigy joined the International Association of Poets，Playwrights，Editors，Essayists and Novelists（PEN）when he was only fourteen years old．这位天才在十四岁时便成为国际笔会会员。‎ join in的意思是“参加某项运动或活动”，例如参加讨论、游行、罢工等。例：‎ More than ten thousand workers have joined in this strike．有一万多名工人参加了此次罢工。‎ All of us will join in the celebration of the victory of World War Ⅱ．我们全都参加这次庆祝世界二次大战胜利的活动。‎ There were many extracurricular activities，but Peter never joined in．尽管有很多课外活动，但彼德从不参加。‎ join to的意思是“和…接触”、“与…相连”。例：‎ Our house is joined to Mr．So's．我们的房子和苏先生的房子相连。‎ 请注意，join之后如接 oneself再加to，就表示“参加”、“加入”的意思。如：‎ To my surprise，Mr．Li joined himself to the opposite party last month．令我惊奇的是，上个月李先生竟然参加了反对党。‎ 二Notes to difficult sentences ‎ ‎1. …or just can’t understand what you are going through.或者根本就不知道你在经历怎样的煎熬。‎ go through有三层意思：1. 通过；穿过；透过（pass through; pierce; penetrate），如：It took us a whole week to go through one of the great forests. 我们化了整整一星期才穿过一大森林。The rain has gone through my coat. 雨水湿透了我的上衣。2. 受苦（suffer），如：She went through a lot of suffering when she was ill. 她生病时受了不少罪。3. 仔细检查；搜查（look inside something carefully; search something），如：The policeman went through the thief's pockets. 警察搜查了小偷的衣袋。课文中go through 是第二层意思。 ‎ ‎2. …I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven…我故意保持清醒直到11点半……‎ 文中stay是半系动词，away是形容词作表语。半系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语，这类词有： 表示感官的系动词：look, sound, taste , smell, feel，seem, appear (这些词后只能用形容词作表语) ；表示变化的系动词：become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fall, run；表示依旧的系动词：remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, rest, like, hold；可用名词作表语的系动词：be, become, make, fall, prove, remain, turn (该词后的单数名词前不可用冠词。如：He turned teacher. )‎ ‎3. But as the moon gave far too much light, 但是由于月亮发出的光芒太耀眼……‎ 句中far是副词，作状语修饰too much表示程度。如：The new law doesn’t go far enough．这条新的法律还不够严厉。You’ve gone too far！你太过分了！（你太侮辱人了/架子太大了/太蛮横无礼了等。）表示程度时的副词far，应与比较级或与too/so+原级形式连用：She swims far better than I do．她游泳要比我游得好多了。He drinks far too much．他酒喝得太多了。‎ ‎4. …it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… ……那是一年半以来我第一次面对面直视黑幕……‎ 句中it作形式主语。英语中不定式、动名词、主语从句在做主语时主语往往显得很长，使整个句子看上去有点头重脚轻，这样就借助“it”来做形式上的主语，而把真正的主语移到句子后边去，使全句看上去平稳一些。“it”没有实际的意义。如： It is fun for her to study, but it is difficult to study and work at the same time.对于她来 说学习是有趣的，可是要边工作边学习对她来说是困难的。It is necessary for them to get an electrician to do the work for them.对他们来说请一位电工来为他们做这项工作是必要的。It will be no good learning without practice. 学习而不实践是不好的。It is no use talking to him about it.和他谈这事没用。It is possible that they're finished the bridge.他们完成这座桥是可能的。It is important that we should learn from each other and help each other.我们应当互相学习，互相帮助，这是很重要的。‎ 三 能力测试 I. Structure and vocabulary.‎ ‎1. This is really an exciting match. _____ the game?‎ A. Who do you think will win B. Whom do you think will win ‎ C. Do you think who will win D. Do you think whom will win ‎2. The Love Detector is _____ lie-detection software developed by Nemesis Co Ltd. of Israel.‎ ‎ (04杭州质检)‎ A. used as B. based on C. produced by D. fixed for ‎3. When the old man _____ to walk back to his house, the sun _____ itself behind the mountain. ‎ ‎（2005湖北）‎ A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden ‎ C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid ‎4. You must stop now. _____ has been said.‎ A. Too many B. Many too C. Too much D. Much too ‎5. _____ earn enough money to buy a new car, he worked day and night.‎ A. In order that B. So that C. In order to D. So as to ‎6. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a___ car. （2004辽宁）‎ A．large German white B．large white German C．white large German D．German large white ‎7. ___ was a time ___ women had no rights to vote.‎ A. There; when B. There; that C. It; when D. It; that ‎8. It was ___ back home after the experiment.（2004湖北）‎ A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go ‎9. The teacher spoke very slowly ____ the students could understand everything he was saying. ‎ A. in order to B. so as to C. so that D. such that ‎10. —Shall we walk home?‎ ‎—_____.I’m not wasting my time walking home.‎ A. I’m going to go by bus B. All right C. That’s a good idea D. Yes, let’s go ‎ II. Fill in the blanks.‎ My family and I ___1__ for for two years during World War Ⅱ. I haven’t been able to be ‎ ____2_ for so long that I’ve grown so ____3_ everything to do with ___4_. __5__ have a good look at the moon, I stayed awake __6__ until half past eleven one evening. I was so glad to see a deep blue sky and it’s the first time in two years that I’d seen the night__7__….‎ III. Translate sentences into English.‎ ‎1.有的人爱跟别人交谈，有的人却很害羞。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2.跟别人交谈最简单的办法是找一些共同的东西。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3.如果你知道他们讨论的话题，不妨加入到他们的谈话中。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4.一旦你开始跟一个人交谈，那跟别的人交谈就容易了。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5.选一个和你有共同兴趣的人，一旦你和他做了朋友，他的朋友也将会和你交谈。‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________‎ 七选五阅读 ‎（2017浙江—高考选练题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Questions to Ask Before Getting Your Child a Cellphone At what age should you get your child a cellphone？__1__However, before you decide to add your child to your family plan, ask yourself these questions.‎ ‎__2__‎ If you and your child are not often apart beyond school hours, a cellphone may not be a serious ‎ necessity, but if he is independent or involved in extracurricular (课外的) activities outside your home, a cellphone could be useful, especially during emergencies as a convenient means of communication with you.‎ Does your child understand the cost?‎ Make sure your child understands the cost of having a cellphone.__3__Some options to help control costs include prepaid and postpaid phones, setting a monthly budget for your child.‎ How can you keep your child’s phone usage safe and under control?‎ Before you get your child a phone, you should discuss what it can be used for，rules he is expected to follow, and consequences if he fails to follow them.__4__‎ ‎__5__If you prefer to take an extra step towards monitoring his phone use, these application programs allow you to track your child’s mobile activity.‎ A．Who needs a cellphone?‎ B．How can you determine whether or not to buy a cellphone for your child?‎ C．You ask your child to make use of his cellphone for learning.‎ D．Also be sure that he can be trusted to stay within his limits from month to month.‎ E．Also, educate yourself on what social media apps are popular with teens.‎ F．According to Pew Research Center, the average age is between 12 and 13.‎ G．For example, is the phone only to be used to call family, or can it be used socially?‎ Keys: I. 1-5 ABBCC 6-10 BACCA ) II. 1.hid away 2. outdoors 3. crazy about 4. nature 5. in order to 6. on purpose 7. face to face III. 1. Some people like talking with others, while some people are shy. 2. The easiest way to start talking to people is to find something you have in common. 3. Join in their discussion if you know something about the subject they are discussing. 4. Once you start talking to one person, it will get easier to talk to others. 5. Find one ‎ person you share interest with, and once you become friends with him, his friends will start talking to you too.) 请你试着把以上五句话连起来读一遍——你能感觉出它们是围绕什么话题展开的吗？请你添加恰当的连词,把它们组成一篇短文，根据行文需要，可适当扩展。‎ 七选五阅读 ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。孩子要不要买手机？什么时候给孩子买手机合适？为什么需要手机？如何规划手机产生的费用？文章就这些问题给出了适当的解释。‎ ‎1．F　 细节支撑句。根据文章的大意和本段首句中的关键信息词“At what age”可知，回答的问题涉及孩子的年龄，故选项F符合语境。]‎ ‎2．B　 段落主旨句。根据下一段中的两个if条件句，“如果你孩子不常离开你们……”和“如果你孩子很独立或常参加课外活动……”来确定该不该买手机，由此可推断出该段的标题为“How can you determine whether or not to buy a cellphone for your child”。]‎ ‎3．D　 上下文过渡句。由上一句提出的“the cost of having a cellphone”和后一句分析的几种选择的方式可知，此空该填入“Also be sure that he can be trusted to stay within his limits from month to month”。此外，“Also be sure”与“Make sure”相呼应。]‎ ‎4．G　 细节支撑句。由前一句中的关键信息“discuss what it can be used for，rules...and consequences if he fails to follow them”即可推断出，“For example，is the phone only to be used to call family，or can it be used socially”符合语境。G项举例说明了孩子该如何使用手机。]‎ ‎5．E　 段落主旨句。由空格后一句中的关键信息“these application programs allow you to track your child’s mobile activity”即可推断出E项符合语境。E项中的“social media apps”与下文中的“these application programs”相照应。]‎ A selected English passage for recitation英文精选背诵短文 Everyone needs friends I think everyone needs friends. A friend is just like a soft wind, or rather a beautiful beam of sunshine.‎ ‎ To be exact, he can give you many things you want. When you are happy, you can share your happiness with your friends; when you are not happy, your friends will also can to help you.‎ Your friends may be of many different kinds. Some of them may play happily with you; some others may have a pleasant talk to you, and of course you may talk to some of them hear to hear. We can’t say which kind of friends we need most, as each kind is necessary.‎ If one lives without friends, I can’t imagine his life in the world. And if one has good friends, even only one, I think he may be the luckiest one in the world. (145 words)‎